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Formulae to find out radius of
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a given curve or curve section
By
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Jayesh Jaiswal
jayeshjaiswal@yahoo.com
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Formulae to find out radius of a given curve or curve

section

Formulae to find out radius of a given curve or

curve section
By

Jayesh Jaiswal

jayeshjaiswal@yahoo.com

Page 2

Formulae to find out radius of a given curve or curve

section

Figure 1

Here, r = radius of curve

c = chord passing through curve ( 0 < c 2r )
p = perpendicular distance between curve and chord c ( 0 < p r )
k = angle inscribed inside the curve ( 90 k 180 )

[A] k in terms of c and r

From graphical observations:

For 0 c r or c (0, r]
k = 180 - [(c/r)30] -------------------------------------------------(1)

For r c 7r/4 or c [r, 7r/4]

k = 180 - [(c/r) (30 + 10)] + 10
k = 190 - [(c/r)40] -------------------------------------------------(2)

For 7r/4 c 2r or c [7r/4, 2r]

k = 180 - [(c/r) (30 + 90)] + 150
k = 330 - [(c/r)120] -----------------------------------------------(3)

Considering figure (2)

k1 = 180 - ()
Therefore, k1 = 180 - k2 --------------------------------------------------(4)
Hence,
for c (0, r]
() = (c/r)30 ------------------------------------------------------(5)

for c [r, 7r/4]

jayeshjaiswal@yahoo.com

Page 3

Formulae to find out radius of a given curve or curve

section
() = [(c/r)40] - 10 ---------------------------------------------(6)

for c [7r/4, 2r]

() = [(c/r)120] - 150 ------------------------------------------(7)

For 0 c r or c (0, r]
k2 = [(c/r)30] or [c(30) r(0)]/r ------------------------------(8)

For r c 7r/4 or c [r, 7r/4]

k2 = [c(40) r(10)]/r --------------------------------------------(9)

For 7r/4 c 2r or c [7r/4, 2r]

k2 = [c(120) r(150)]/r ----------------------------------------(10)

If,

Deviation degree [of (2), (3) from (1)]

For 0 c r or c (0, r]
= 0 ----------------------------------------------------------------(11)

For r c 7r/4 or c [r, 7r/4]

= 180 - [(c/r)30] - 190 + [(c/r)40]
therefore, = 10[(c/r) 1] --------------------------------------(12)

For 7r/4 c 2r or c [7r/4, 2r]

= 180 - [(c/r)30] - 330 + [(c/r)120]
therefore, = [(c/r)90] 150
therefore, = 30[(3c/r) 5] ------------------------------------(13)

Deviation degree [of (3) from (2)]

' = 190 - [(c/r)40] - 330 + [(c/r)120]
therefore, = [(c/r)80] 140
therefore, = 20[(4c/r) 7] --------------------------------------------(14)

[B] k in terms of p and r

for p (0, r/8]

k = 180 - [(p/r)240] ---------------------------------------------(15)

for p [r/8, r/2]

k = 160 - [(p/r)80] ----------------------------------------------(16)

for p [r/2, r]

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Page 4

Formulae to find out radius of a given curve or curve

section
k = 150 - [(p/r)60] ----------------------------------------------(17)
Deviation degree [of (16), (17) from (15)]

For 0 p r/8 or p (0, r/8]

= 0 ---------------------------------------------------------------(18)

For r/8 p r/2 or p [r/8, r/2]

= 160 - [(p/r)80] - 180 + [(p/r)240]
therefore, = [(p/r)160] 20
therefore, = 20[(8p/r) 1] -----------------------------------(19)

For r/2 p r or p [r/2, r]

= 150 - [(p/r)60] - 180 + [(p/r)240]
therefore, = [(p/r)180] 30
therefore, = 30[(6p/r) 1] -----------------------------------(20)

Deviation degree [of (17) from (16)]

' = 150 - [(p/r)60] - 160 + [(p/r)80]
therefore, = [(p/r)20] 10
therefore, = 10[(2p/r) 1] -------------------------------------------(21)
Correlating c and p:

For 0 c r or c (0, r] & for p (0, r/8]

180 - [(p/r)240] = 180 - [(c/r)30]
therefore [(p/r)240] [(c/r)30] = 0
therefore (8p/r) (c/r) = 0
c/p = 8 -------------------------------------------------------------(22)

For r c 7r/4 or c [r, 7r/4] & for p [r/8, r/2]

160 - [(p/r)80] = 190 - [(c/r)40]
therefore, [(c/r)40] [(p/r)80] = 30
therefore, (c/r) (2p/r) =
therefore, c-2p = 3r/4
therefore, c = (3r+8p)/4 -----------------------------------------(23)

For 7r/4 c 2r or c [7r/4, 2r] & for p [r/2, r]

150 - [(p/r)60] = 330 - [(c/r)120]
therefore, [(c/r)120] [(p/r)60] = 180
therefore, (2c/r) (p/r) = 3
therefore, 2c = 3r + p
therefore, c = (3r+p)/2 ------------------------------------------(24)

jayeshjaiswal@yahoo.com

Page 5

Formulae to find out radius of a given curve or curve

section
[D] Clarifying (22) and Finding r:

For 7r/4 c 2r or c [7r/4, 2r] & for p [r/2, r]

r = (2c p)/3 -----------------------------------------------------(25)

For r c 7r/4 or c [r, 7r/4] & for p [r/8, r/2]

r = (4c 8p)/3 ---------------------------------------------------(26)

For 0 c r or c (0, r] & for p (0, r/8]

Assuming, r = (xc yp)/3 -------------------------------------(27)
Putting c = r and p = r/8
y 8x + 24 = 0 --------------------------------------(27a)
Putting c = 3r/4 and p = r/16
y 12x + 48 = 0 -------------------------------------(27b)
Multiplying (27b) by (-1)
-y + 12x 48 = 0 ------------------------------------(27c)
Now, adding (27b) and (27c)
4x 24 = 0
therefore, x = 6 ---------------------------------------(27d)
Putting (27c) in (27a)
y = 24 -------------------------------------------------(27e)
Putting (27d) and (27e) in (27)
r = (6c 24p)/3
therefore, r = 2(c-4p), for c (0, r] and p (0, r/8]-------(28)

For c = 0 and p = 0, value of r is indefinite.

Here, c/p [2, )
Hence one can always select c and p for a given curve or curve section such that
c/p 2

Some Interesting Observations

Suppose,
r = radius of curve,
c = chord passing through curve
p = perpendicular distance between curve and curve section
k = angle inscribed inside the curve
d=rp
-r d r
0 k 180
0 p 2r
jayeshjaiswal@yahoo.com

Page 6

Formulae to find out radius of a given curve or curve

section
0 c 2r
d = 0 p = r k = 90
d = r p = 0 k = 180
d = -r p = 2r k = 0
If p increases by r k decreases by 90
If p decreases by r k increases by 90
If d increases by r k increases by 90
If d decreases by r k decreases by 90
If p increases by r/p k decreases by 90/p
If p decreases by r/p k increases by 90/p
p = r k = 90
p = (r + r) k = 0
p = (r r) k = 180
c = 2p k = 90
c = (0)p k = 180
c = 3p k = 120
c = 6p k = 150
c = (0)r k = 180
c = r/2 k = 165
c = r k = 150
k = 180- (c/r)30, [r c 2r]
Deviation ,
c
r
5r/4
3r/2
7r/4

0
2.5
5
7.5

jayeshjaiswal@yahoo.com

Page 7

Formulae to find out radius of a given curve or curve

section

Double Circle Concept

Figure 2

Some Interesting Graphs

CK

jayeshjaiswal@yahoo.com

PK

Page 8

Formulae to find out radius of a given curve or curve

section

C deviation

PC

Some Interesting Data

K1
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300

C
P

0
2r
360
r
15r/8 300
7r/4 3r/2 240
2r
r
180
7r/4 r/2 120
r
r/8
60
0
0
0
r
r/8
7r/4 r/2
2r
r
7r/4 3r/2

jayeshjaiswal@yahoo.com

Figure 3

Page 9

Formulae to find out radius of a given curve or curve

section
330
360

r
0

15r/8
2r

Figure 4

C
K
0
30
60
90
12
0
15
0
18
0
21
0
24
0
27
0
30
0
33
0
36
0

P Q
2r 0

3r/20

3r/20 23r/80 21r/80

0

11r/20

3r
4r/5
0
2r/5

4r
9r/5
r
3r/5

7r/10

3r/10

3r/10

3r/20 13r/16 21r/80 13r/10 3r/10

9r/20

3r/10 43r/40 21r/40

13r/20

2r

2r

P
Q
P
Q

37r/20
2r
59r/20 7r/2
15r/20 9r/10 41r/40 63r/40
7r/20
r/2 13r/40 7r/8
3r/20 3r/10 r/40 21r/40
0

7r/4

r/2

8r/5

3r/5

57r/40

7r/8

2r

21r/20 9r/10

17r/8

63r/40

14r/5

9r/5

43r/20

2r

81r/20

7r/2

5r

4r

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Page 10