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Outline
IPv6 Basics 3G Basics Why using IPv6 in 3G ? IPv6 and 3GPP IPv6 and 3GPP2 Conclusions
IPv6 Basics
IPng Development
CATNIP: Common Architecture for the Next Generation Internet Protocols, RFC 1707 TUBA: TCP/IP with Bigger Addresses SIPP: Simple Internet Protocol Plus, RFC 1710 IPv6 : Proposed Standard IPv6 : Draft Standard
BT, MCI IPv6 Trial IETF IPng proposal evaluation The Recommendation for the IP Next Generation Protocol, RFC 1752 IETF call for IPng proposals : IP Next Generation White Paper Solicitation, RFC 1550
Jan. 93
Jan. 94
Jan. 95
Jan. 96
Jan. 97
Jan. 98
Jan. 99
Jan. 00
Jan. 01
IPv6 Header
Source Address
Destination Address
Version IHL Type of Service Total Length Identifier Flags Fragment Offset Time to Live Protocol Header Checksum
IPv4 Header
Remove Replace
Hop limit by TTL
Unchanged
Version, Payload length, Next header
5
Byte alignment
easy for processing
QoS capable
flow label and traffic class
Security built-in
header options
Header checksum
Links become more reliable handled by upper layers
TCP Header
Next Header : None
Application Data
Trailer
L2 Header
Application Data
Trailer
L2 Header
IPv6 Routing Fragment TCP Application Data (fragment) Trailer Header Header Header Header
Next Header : Routing Header Next Header : Fragment Header Next Header : TCP Next Header : None
Destination option
Destination node should process the packet
Authentication option
For authentication data and information exchange
8
Anycast
identify a set of interfaces such that a packet sent to a anycast address will be delivered to one member of the set
Multicast
identify a group of interfaces such that a packet sent to a multicast address is delivered to all the interfaces in the group
No broadcast
superseded by multicast addresses.
IPv6-address/prefix-length
FEDC:AABB::/48
10
Address
128-n bits
Allocation Reserved Unassigned Reserved for NSAP Reserved for IPX Aggregatable Global Unicast Addresses Link Local Addresses Site Local Addresses Multicast Addresses Unassigned
11
12
13
Stateless autoconfiguration
14
Transmit Neighbor Solicitation message with the tentative address as target address
Response
No Response
15
IPv6
IPv4
IPv6
IPv6
IPv4
17
Av6 Bv6
RBv4
Av6 Bv6
IPv6
Av6 RAv4/v6
IPv4
RBv4/v6
IPv6
Bv6
Encapsulating Point
18
Bv4
IPv4
Av4C6
IPv4
IPv4
Bv4C6
19
A6t4 B6t4
IPv6
A6t4 RA6t4
192.1.2.3 2002:c001:0203::/48
IPv4
RB6t4
9.254.253.252
IPv6
B6t4
2002:09fe:fdfc::/48
20
IPv6
AXv4T SIIT IPv4 pool Xv4,
IPv4
Bv4
21
3G Basics
Analog voice
Digital voice
Digital multimedia 22
Source : http://www.umts-forum.org/presentations/Migration_Paths_2G_to_3G.pdf
3G Basics (Cont.)
23
3G Basics (Cont.)
3GPP
UE
Node B
PSTN
Node B
RNC
GMSC
UTRAN
EIR HLR AuC
Node B
RNC
3G-SGSN
3G-GGSN
Internet
Node B
24
3G Basics (Cont.)
3GPP2
25
Services/applications
Mobile data Lesson learned from GSM/SMS How about EMS/MMS/MIM (mobile instant messaging)
26
mil. msg.
300
8000
%
6000 4000 2000 0 Germany TMobile Germany Vodafone Italy TIM Spain Telefonica UK O2 China Mobile China Unicom
Operator
Operator
27
28
29
Node-B
RNC
MGW
MSC Server
Internet
Private IP Network
30
31
User Equipment
IPv4
3GPP R4
Transport network
Core /Radio access network IPv4/IPv6 transport
User Equipment
IPv4
3GPP R5
Transport network
CN/RAN (IPv4 or IPv6) transport IPv6 for IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) elements
User Equipment
IPv4 and IPv6 to Internet IPv6 for IMS
32
IM CN subsystem elements
The architecture shall make optimum use of IPv6 The IM CN subsystem shall exclusively support IPv6 The UE shall exclusively support IPv6 for the connection to services provided by the IM CN subsystem.
33
HLR
RNC
Node B
MS
Iu_PS
SGSN
Iu CS
Gn
GGSN
Gi
Internet
Node B MS
MSC
PSTN
GMSC
PSTN
34
Architecture (Cont.)
3GPP R99
CS Domain Control Plane
NBAP SCCP ATM AAL5 L1 CC/MM RRC RLC MAC WCDMA L1 NBAP RNSAP SCCP ATM AAL5 L1 CC/MM RANAP SCCP ATM AAL5 L1 SCCP MTP3-B SSCF-NNI SSCOP AAL5 ATM L1 MAP SCCP MTP MAP SCCP MTP
UE
Node B
RNC
MSC/VLR
HLR
35
Architecture (Cont.)
3GPP R99
CS Domain User Plane
AMR
Iu UP ATM AAL2 L1
Iu UP ATM AAL2
UE
Node B
RNC
MSC/VLR
PSTN/ISDN 36
Architecture (Cont.)
3GPP R99
PS Domain Control Plane
NBAP SCCP ATM or IP L1
SM/PMM RRC RLC MAC WCDMA L1 SCCP MTP3-B M3UA SSCF-NNI SCTP SSCOP IP AAL5 ATM L1 SM/PMM RANAP SCCP GTP-C ATM or IP UDP/IP L1 SM GTP-C UDP/IP
UE
Node B
RNC
3G-SGSN
3G-GGSN 37
Architecture (Cont.)
3GPP R99
PS Domain User Plane
GTP-U UDP/IP
GTP-U UDP/IP L1
GTP-U UDP/IP
GTP-U UDP/IP
UE
Node B
RNC
3G-SGSN
3G-GGSN 38
HLR
Gr Gc Gn
RNC
Node B
MS
Iu_PS
SGSN
Iu CS User Plane
GGSN
Gi
Gi
Internet
Node B MS
MGW
MAP Mc
Nb
MGW
MAP Mc
PSTN
Nc
MSC Server
GMSC Server
T-SGW
39
Architecture (Cont.)
Protocol Stack (R4, R5)
Transport network protocols Control Plane (Bearer independent transport)
Gr, Gs, Gf, Gd (R99)
MAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2 L1 Gr MAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2 L1
SGSN
HLR
SGSN
EIR
SGSN
BSSAP+ SCCP MTP3 MTP2 L1 Gs
HLR
BSSAP+ SCCP MTP3 MTP2 L1
SGSN
MAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2 L1
EIR
MAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 MTP2 L1 Gd
BSSAP+ SCCP Signalling bearer Gs BSSAP+ SCCP Signalling bearer
MAP TCAP SCCP Signalling bearer Gd MAP TCAP SCCP Signalling bearer
SGSN
MSC/VLR
SGSN
MSC/VLR
SGSN
SGSN
SMS-MSC
SMS-MSC
40
Architecture (Cont.)
R4 and R5 options
MTP-based SS7 signalling transport network IP-based SS7 signalling transport network
41
R-SGW
Ms Cx Mr
HSS
Gr
CSCF
Mg Gi Gi
MRF
Mm
Gc Gn
RNC
Node B
MS
Iu_PS
SGSN
Iu_CS User Plane
GGSN
Gi
Gi
Internet
MGCF
Mc
Node B MS
MGW
MAP Mc
Nb
MGW
MAP Mc
PSTN
MSC Server
Nc
GMSC Server
T-SGW
42
43
Gr (MAP based )
Gc (MAP based )
Mh
SGSN
GGSN
R-SGW
CSCF
Gr (MAP based )
Gc (MAP based )
Mh
SGSN
GGSN
R-SGW
CSCF
44
HLR
SCCP MTP3b SSCF-NNI SSCOP AAL5 Q.2150.1 MTP3b SSCF-NNI SSCOP AAL5 AAL2
RNC
ATM Physical Layer
Iu_PS
SGSN
Iu CS
Gn
GGSN
Node B
MS
Node B MS
MSC
PSTN
46 GMSC
HLR
RNC
Node B
MS
Iu_PS
SGSN
Iu CS
Gn
GGSN
Node B MS
MSC
PSTN
GMSC 47
R4/R5
SCCP MTP3-B M3UA SSCF-NNI SCTP SSCOP IP AAL5 ATM L1
R99
SCCP MTP3-B SSCF-NNI SSCOP AAL5 ATM L1
48
R4/R5
IP-ALCAP (ffs)
ffs
IPv6 (RFC 2460)
IPv4 optional (RFC 791)
R99
AAL2 connection signalling (Q.2630.2)
SCCP
49
Um or Uu
MT
MS
DHCP
Firewall / Proxy
External IP Network
DNS
In t r a n e t p r o to c o l
In t r a n e t p r o to c o l
IP
P P P or L2
IP
P P P or L2
IP
L2
IP
L2
P a c k e t D o m a in b e a r e r
TE
M T
G G S N
In tra n e t
51
TE
MT
SGSN
PPP/L2
PPP/L2
SM
SM
GTP-C
Phy. layer
Phy. layer
Lower layers
Lower layers
Lower layers
Lower layers
Lower layers
52
Automatic configuration
Stateless DHCPv6
53
54
BSS/UTRAN
SGSN
GGSN
2. Create PDP Context Request 2. Create PDP Context Response 3. Activate PDP Context Accept 4. Router Solicitation 5. Router Advertisement (prefix)
Prefix = Step 2 prefix (PDP address=prefix+IID, PCO)
Can change its IID (IPv6 address) or generate a new IID (IPv6 address)
55
UE B
Prefixb+IIDd
56
#2 share the same prefix between multiple PDP context connected to the same PLMN
DAD is required Increase GGSN workload
Prefix match or complete address match Determine temporary addresses that are no longer in use
57
(prefix)
Router Solicitation
58
MT
SGSN
GGSN
RADIUS/DHCP client
ISP/intranet
RADIUS/DHCP server
The MT stores the authentication parameters Activate PDP Context req. [ APN, QoS, PDP-type, NSAPI, Protocol Configuration Options] Create PDP ContextReq. [ APN, QoS, PDP-type, TID, Protocol Configuration Options]
RADIUS Access-Request Option 1: RADIUS Authentication, Configuration RADIUS Access-Accept Authentication, Configuration
RADIUS Access-Request Authentication Option 2: RADIUS+ DHCP RADIUS Access-Accept Authentication DHCPv6 (Note) GGSN stores IPaddress Configuration
Non-transparent mode
Create PDP Context Response Activate PDP Context Acc IPV6CP Configure-Ack/Nak [PDP Address, Protocol Configuration [Interface Identifier, Options, Cause] Compression] IPV6CP Configure-Request [Interface Identifier, Compression] IPV6CP Configure-Ack [Interface Identifier, Compression] [PDP Address, Protocol Configuration Options, Cause]
59
RADIUS
ISP/intranet
DHCP server GGSN DHCP relay agent
DHCP-PROCEDURE
60
GGSN SGSN
DHCP Relay Agent
MT
Intranet or ISP
1. SOLICIT 2. RELAY-FORWARD( SOLICIT ) 3. RELAY-REPLY( ADVERTISE ) (maybe several) 4. ADVERTISE (maybe several) 5. REQUEST 6. RELAY-FORWARD( REQUEST )
7. RELAY-REPLY(REPLY) 8. REPLY 9. Update PDP Context req. 10. Modify PDP Context req. 11. Modify PDP Context acc. 12. Update PDP Context resp. 13. Router Advertisement ( M-flag=1 )
61
SGSN
2. INFORMATION-REQUEST
RELAY-FORWARD( INFORMATION-REQUEST )
RELAY-REPLY( REPLY )
62
63
Bv6
IP
Av6 , Av4
GGSN
Edge Router
IPv4
IPv6 PDP Context IPv4 PDP Context
Cv4
64
2.5G/3G Network IP
Av6
GGSN
IPv4
Cv4
IPv6
Bv6
Edge Router
65
2.5G/3G Network IP
Av4
GGSN
IPv6
Bv6
IPv4
Cv4
Edge Router
66
Interworking Unit
CSCF
SIP ALG
IP
Av6
IPv4
Cv4
3G Network
GGSN
Edge Router
67
CSCF
CSCF
3G Network IP
Av6
GGSN
IPv4
IPv6
Bv6
Edge Router
68
69
70
71
72
RAN Domain
Packet CN Domain
73 Legacy MS Domain
74
Conclusions
R99 and R4 still use IPv4 In R5, IPv6 is a MUST In 3GPP2 All-IP, IPv6 is recommended Mobile data (Internet) service/applications will speed up the deployment of IPv6 over 3G Mobile data (Internet) applications/services boost
SMS/EMS/MMS/MIM
75
References
3GPP
3GPP TS 29.061 3GPP TS 23.060 3GPP TS 24.228 3GPP TS 24.229 3GPP TS 22.941 3GPP TS 23.221 3GPP TS 27.060
3GPP2
3GPP2 S.R0037-0 3GPP2 P.S0001-B
IETF
RFC 3316 RFC 3314
76