edro Wa|po|e, Lnv|ronmenta| Sc|ence for Soc|a| Change (LSSC)

Captur|ng econom|c benehts from ecosystem serv|ces

As|a Deve|opment 8ank, Crngas
2S August 2011
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Watershed management |earn|ngs
1. Convenuonal wlsdom backed by sclenuc research
2. underlylng causes are LreaLed noL sympLoms
3. ulsasLer rlsk managemenL ln place from ground up & Lop down
4. Local women ln declslon maklng & youLh-generauon learnlng
3. lsolaLed areas embedded ln managemenL approach
6. aruclpauon leads Lo collaborauon and alllances
7. Mulu-dlsclpllnary, plannlng and lmplemenLauon, beyond secLors
8. lmplemenLauon enLrusLed Lo llghL lnsuLuuons
9. llexlble, Lransformauonal, long-Lerm, problem-solvlng programs
vs. rlgld deslgn of shorL-Lerm nanclng, plannlng & performance
10. CllmaLe change lmpacLs lncorporaLed
oLenual economlc beneLs for ecosysLem servlces can comblne wlLh
each learnlng once grappled wlLh
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1. Convennona| w|sdom backed by
sc|ennhc research
Local knowledge ls oen
generallze and Laken ouL of conLexL
Lo form convenuonal wlsdom LhaL
can mlsgulde broader programs
Maas|n Watershed keserve:
8ehablllLaLe waLershed, secure
waLer source and prevenL
oodlng ln llollo ClLy.
uLn8 used planLauon specles.
resent|y reduced water supp|y
wh||e sed|mentanon connnues.
Worst ood event 2008 1yp. Irank
oor match|ng of expectanons
w|th acnons & actua| nm|ng.

hup://essc.org.ph/conLenL/vlew/433/1/
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2. 1reanng
under|y|ng causes
not symptoms
lloodlng ln Marlklna !"#$%&
(2009) shocked Manlla.
Slnce 1947, subdlvlslons over
Look marshlands.
naLural dralnage blocked/
alLered, superclal area dev
dralnage.
8efo ln waLershed reallsuc
uesnon: why no |ntegrated
p|ann|ng, the event was
bound to happen?
hup://essc.org.ph/conLenL/vlew/273/46/
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3. D|saster r|sk management
A dlsasLer, peoples llves &
llvellhoods compromlsed.
ulsasLer rlsk managemenL
(a) daLa - knowledge,
prevlous evenLs &
communlLy experlence,
(b) analysls - processlng,
(c) plannlng - Lhrough
collaborauon,
(d) Allocauon w/
conslderauon of llvellhood
(e) lmplemenLauon wlLh
adapLauon.
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Source: Arch. llLrlanLo, ACSll-Pll parLner
4. Women |nvo|vement |n dec|s|on
mak|ng and youth |earn|ng-generanon
Women ln rural communlues susLaln household
economy, MuC aualnmenL, CC1 & AMAnA,
dependenL on n8 access & conLrol
?ouLh have llmlLed access Lo
capaclLy bulldlng, need lncluslon ln
plannlng process Lhey wlll lnherlL

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31 of hlllpplnes ldenued
as uplands wlLh 13 mllllon
lndlgenous eoples mosLly
ln Lhese areas.
Is do not have eecnve
tenur|a| secur|ty and
access to bas|c serv|ces.
1he eco|og|ca| serv|ces they
prov|de are not |ntegrated
to |ow|and p|ann|ng &
po||cy deve|opment - we
know they shou|d be.
S. Iso|ated commun|nes and ma[or
resource extracnon are embedded
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Upland Delineation

Technically according to definition of
forestlands but not officially approved.

Data input:
Digital Elevation Model
Above 100 meters cut-off
Above 18% slopes

Upland = areas having a
slope of equal or greater
than 18 % AND elevation
equal to or greater than 100
meters.


Upland Delineation
Data input:
Digital Elevation Model
Above 100 meters cut-off
Above 18% slopes

Upland = areas having a
slope of equal or greater
than 18 % AND elevation
equal to or greater than 100
meters.


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llyover klLanglad 8ukldnon laLeau
Allah valley provlnclal Lrans-
boundary waLershed
Calls for a susLalned relauon wlLh
[olnL fundlng, soclally focused
programs plus response Lo
sedlmenLauon & Llguasan Marsh.
Co||aboranon |s the most
comp|ex po||nca| process for
wh|ch we are on|y now
deve|op|ng the capac|ty and
not yet rea|-nme response to
|oca| needs.
6. arnc|panon |eads to co||aboranve
approaches and a|||ances
hup://essc.org.ph/conLenL/vlew/432/133/
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7. Sectora| sh|h to mu|n-d|sc|p||nary
p|ann|ng and |mp|ementanon
Loca| and sc|ennhc
know|edge are
conso||dated, llnklng
soclal, Lechnlcal and
pollcy concerns.
D|a|ogue among
sLakeholders
lncludes mu|n-
sectora|
parnc|panon &
dec|s|on-mak|ng.
hup://essc.org.ph/conLenL/vlew/402/44/
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8. Imp|ementanon entrusted to '||ght'
|nsntunons w|th network
un-rauonallzed pollcles and
lack of framework
Conlcung lnLeresLs and
buslness prlvlleges
need Lo go beyond denlal,
nd capaclLy & poLenual
Coherence beLween
deparLmenLs, prlorluzed
resource allocauon
1lme for 'new llghL'
lnsuLuuons and neLworks


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9. ex|b|e & |ong-term programmes
versus r|g|d short-term pro[ects
rograms ad[usL Lo local
governance processes wlLh
long-Lerm plannlng and
nanclng supporL.
llfe-changlng lnluauves more
crlucal Lhan pro[ecL
performance
SLrengLhen relauons &
processes LhaL supporL
soclo-economlc & -pollucal
MlnuA Lakes over 'Mlndanao
8lver' MasLer lan.

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Ma[or WaLersheds
LLCLnu
8roadleaf closed-canopy
8roadleaf open-canopy
Mangroves
Mossy
CoasLllne
MINDANAC ICkLS1 CCVLk 2002
MINDANAO ( 9,998,110 ha)
Forest Cover Type
Area in
Hectares %
Broadleaf closed-
canopy 233,990 2.34
Broadleaf open-
canopy 1,398,070 13.98
Mossy 347,403 3.47
Mangroves 60,866 0.61
Total 2,040,329 20.41 Malaybalay ClLy
1agum ClLy
Cagayan de Oro City
uavao ClLy
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LEGEND
Broadleaf closed-canopy
Broadleaf open-canopy
Upland Area
Mossy
Mangroves
Watershed Boundary
Mindanao Island
PULANGI WATERSHED
Malaybalay City
Kidapawan City
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10. C||mate change |mpacts
lnLeracuon beLween
sLraLegles Lo reduce
emlsslons & combaL global
poverLy
Cpuons beLween mlugauon &
adapLauon
Clobal deal on cllmaLe change
& pollcy developmenL
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Community Forest Management Issues Impeding
MDG Achievement & Action Needed"
MDG! Forest Issue! Possible actions! Community response!
1" Eradicate extreme
poverty and hunger"
Ineffective production,
middlemen, marketing"
Improve returns" Livelihood training, operate
store, abaca trading"
2" Achieve universal
primary education"
Poor returns, children
work"
Efciency reduce child
involvement "
Orientation of parents to
steady enrolment& attendance"
3"
Promote gender
equality and
empower "
Women too much of
the labour"
Direct benet to women" Women trade, to take on
roles of leadership"
4" Reduce child
mortality"
Waterborne diseases" Water management
fuel wood"
Clean springbox & distribution
surroundings; malnutrition"
5" Improve maternal
health"
Long work hours" Improved returns" Diet and link to health services"
6" Combat HIV/AIDS,
major diseases"
Far from health center,
loss biodiversity"
Better income, nutrition,
resistance"
Focus where malnutrition and
start tuberculosis program"
7" Ensure
environmental
sustainability: "
Poor pricing, returns on
ecological services"
Ecological service
pricing"
Assisted natural regeneration,
ensure water quality leaving
village, adapt to climate"
8" Develop a global
partnership"
Poor integration of rural
dev and economy"
Eco services, bio
prospecting, carbon"
Develop & manage a plan to
secure payment for ecological
services"
'T+5UT)/TE&)*ET(/06&7(.-*&8,'9*'(&& #G& !"#G"%%&
cllmaLe change and
markeL globallzauon
Deforestation
& degradation
Insecurity of
Indigenous
Peoples
Poverty &
marginalization
Migration/
urbanization
of labor
Global and
National Trends
& Drivers
Consequences
Justice
Choices
Lessons
'T+5UT)/TE&)*ET(/06&7(.-*&8,'9*'(&& #%& !"#G"%%&
Areas of !usuce
Universal
Human Rights
Cultural interpretations and practices of Justice
Inter-generational
Rights
Justice as equal
opportunity
Procedural
Justice
Climate
Change
Deal
Justice of
Basic needs
Indigenous Peoples Rights
CEBES
Captur|ng econom|c
benehts from
ecosystem serv|ces
llrsL ls Lhe local beneL:
ldenufy crlucal foresL funcuons
before servlces. luncuons:
-Supporung naLural processes
-rovlslonlng of human needs
-8egulaung funcuon
-SusLalnlng culLure

CL8LC should have a parL Lo
play ln all Lhese area
managemenL developmenLs
above



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w|sdom of watershed management
1. Lmbedded-ness of all acuvlues ln Lhe LoLal managemenL ls
a learnlng process.
2. Lconom|c structure proung ahead of people & common
good lack human dev, accounLablllLy, ecologlcal servlces
3. 8as|c needs (MDG) achleve beuer soclal lnLegrauon.
4. C|ear po||cy framework Lo lnLegraLe parallel lnluauves
from oLher governmenL deparLmenLs.
S. broader area sens|nv|ty and envlsaglng ouLcome over
greaLer ume needed for developmenL agendas
6. Sc|ennhc measurement for accounLable managemenL
7. Strengthen scenar|os on lmpacL Lo naLural and soclo-
pollucal conLexL and deal wlLh prlmary /prlor lssues.
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In the end a new beg|nn|ng
.thank you
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