James Ang's Really Useful PSLE Science Word-list

Written by James A ng on July 30 2005 at 10:55A M

A list of really useful science words for PSLE students.

James Ang's Really Useful PSLE Science Word-list

No.

Words

Meaning

Related Words

Absorber

A material that takes in water or other things such as energy and radiation. A chemical with a sour taste which turns blue litmus paper red. Animals and plants survive in nature due to their special characteristics and natural protective mechanisms. A chemical with a bitter taste which turns red litmus paper blue. A material usually made from the mixtures of two or more metals. A unicellular micro-organism that can carry out its own life functions. An amphibian is an animal that can live in both land and water. An example is the frog. The male part of a flower which produces pollen grains. Substance that kills germs that may be found in cuts and wounds. A blood vessel that carries blood rich in oxygen away from the heart to the other parts of the body. The air that surrounds planet Earth. The smallest particle in an element. Each atom has a nucleus in the middle and one or more electrons orbiting around it. Vein; capillaries Stigma

Acid

Adaptation

Alkali

Alloy

Amoeba

Amphibian

Anther

Antiseptic

10

Artery

11 12

Atmosphere Atom

13

Axis

The axis of the Earth is an imaginary line through the Earth from North to South pole which causes day and night when the Earth rotates around its axis Tiny organisms which are made up of one cell, many which cause diseases. A type of connection between two bones that allows rotational movement. An example is the neck joint. Biodegradable materials can be broken down naturally by decomposers such as bacteria or fungi. The study of living things to produce benefits to ensure the survival of the human species. An organ in the abdomen which stores urine before it is released outside of the body. Blood is the red liquid that is pumped around our body by the heart. It transports oxygen, food, water to all parts of our body. The temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas. A method of reproduction in which a new cell is formed by growing out from a part of the parent cell. Micro-organisms such as yeast reproduced by budding. Protection mechanisms due to the colour, marking or animal shape that help living things to blend with its surroundings. Capillaries are narrow blood vessels that connect arteries to veins in order for substances to be transported to and away from the body cells. Carbohydrates are foods that give us energy. The process by which carbon in the atmosphere is converted from one form to another and back again in a continuous manner. A colourless and odourless gas which makes up 0.03% of air. It can trap heat and cause greenhouse effect. It is taken in by green plants during photosynthesis and given out by living things during respiration and given off during decomposition. An animal that only feeds on other animals Greenhouse effect Capillary (singular) Life science Bacterium (Singular)

14

Bacteria

15

Ball and socket joint

16

Biodegradable

17

Biotechnology

18

Bladder

19

Blood

20 21

Boiling point Budding

22

Camouflage

23

Capillaries

24 25

Carbohydrates Carbon cycle

Starch

26

Carbon dioxide

27

Carnivore

27 28

Carnivore Catalyst

An animal that only feeds on other animals A catalyst speeds up the rate of a reaction without itself being changed in the process. The smallest unit of life. All living things are made up of cells.

29

Cell

30

Cell division

The process whereby one cell splits to produce two new, identical cells. The thin and soft layer that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell which controls the materials moving into and out of the cell. It is semi-permeable in that it allows some substances to pass through but not others. The liquid found in a plant cell which keeps the cell firm. A thick layer around the plant cell that is made up of cellulose and helps maintain the shape of the plant cell. The point at which the mass of an object appears to act on. A hard and strong material which is made from sand or clay. Properties or qualities used to describe or distinguish a thing or group of things. A change which had taken place which cannot be changed back to it original form without employing the use of chemical means. Example is the burning of paper. A form of energy that is stored in chemical forms waiting to be used. Examples are candles, food and batteries. The green pigment found in plants that enables photosynthesis to take place. Tiny discs found in plant cells containing chlorophyll. Thread like structures that have genes and control what a living thing looks like and how it functions. The path though which electricity flows from the battery through wires and devices before returning Chloroplasts Irreversible change

31

Cell membrane

32

Cell sap

33

Cell wall

34

Centre of gravity

35

Ceramic

36

Characteristics

37

Chemical change

38

Chemical energy

39

Chlorophyll

40 41

Chloroplasts Chromosome

42

Circuit

back to the power source. 43 Circuit breaker A device that automatically breaks the flow of electricity in a circuit when there is a surge of electric current caused by faulty appliances or short circuit. It is made up of the heart, blood vessels and blood to carry food, water, oxygen and waste materials within the body. A system of organising and arranging things that are related and/or share similar characteristics or nature. Helps to make the information more useful and easy to understand and remember. A closed circuit allows electricity to flow through. Dichotomous k ey

44

Circulatory system

45

Classification

46

Closed circuit

47

Combustion

The burning through the action of heat on certain materials. It is made up of all the populations of living things that lives together in a habitat. The process in which a gas changes to a liquid upon cooling. Evaporation

48

Community

49

Condensation

50

Conduction

A method of heat or electricity transfer which usually takes place in a solid object. A material that allows heat or electricity to pass through it easily. Most metals such as copper and silver are good conductors. Protection and preservation of the environment and natural resources. A small bend found in the clinical thermometer to prevent the mercury from flowing back to the bulb. An animal that eats plants or other animals to derive energy. A decrease in size or volume due to heat loss. An experiment that is set up to be use for comparison to identify the effect or observation made due to a change of a condition or variable in the experiment. A method of heat transfer that usually occurs in Expansion Insulator

51

Conductor

52

Conservation

53

Constriction

54

Consumer

55 56

Contraction Control experiment

57

Convection

57

Convection

A method of heat transfer that usually occurs in gases or liquids. The valid and necessary conditions. Criterion (singular)

58

Criteria

59

Current

A flow of electricity in a circuit. Current is measured in Amperes. Jelly-like substance containing chemicals where chemical reactions of the cell take place. An organism that breaks down dead or decaying materials into simple forms. Carbon dioxide is produced in the process. Examples are bacteria and fungi. A statement of the meaning of a word, word group or a process. The indiscriminate cutting down or burning of trees for mankind related development. A measure of the mass of an object per unit volume. Materials with a high density are heavy for their size while materials with a low density are light for their size. The molecules of DNA contain the information for cells to reproduce correctly.

60

Cytoplasm

61

Decomposer

62

Definition

63

Deforestation

64

Density

65

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)

66

Diaphragm

A dome-shaped sheet of muscle that supports and separates the chest from the abdomen. A classification used to identify living things by dividing the group into two smaller groups each time. The process by which food is broken down into simpler forms for adsorption into the blood stream to be transported to the other parts of the body. The scattering of fruits and seeds for reproduction of plants to take place in a favourable environment. The variety of living and non-living things that have different characteristics. A device that converts kinetic energy to generate electricity to power appliances and households. The living environment of a community of organisms. Generator Enzyme

67

Dichotomous key

68

Digestion

69

Dispersal

70

Diversity

71

Dynamo

72

Ecosystem

73 74 75

Efficiency Effort Elastic energy

The ratio of the Output energy over the Input energy. The amount of force to be exerted on the body. A form of potential energy stored due to the compression or stretching of an elastic material. A form of energy caused by the flow of electrons through an electrical conductor. The flow of electrical energy through an electrical conductor. A magnet that is made by passing an electric current though a solenoid (a wire coil) around a piece of soft iron core. A negatively charged particle found inside an atom and which orbit around the nucleus. An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by any chemical method. An unborn offspring of an animal that is formed inside the animal or an egg. Energy is the capacity to do work. The living and non-living things that affect the organism in its habitat. Enzymes are organic catalysts which speed up the rate of reactions. Examples are digestive enzymes such as amylase and protease. The process in which a liquid changes to a gas or vapour. The rate of evaporation depends on humidity, wind, temperature and the size of exposed surface area. To give or breathe out air. An increase in size or volume due to heat gain A scientific method use to test out an idea or demonstrate the effect of an action. The state of being no longer in existence. Fats found in animals are reserves for when food is contraction Condensation Atom Solenoid; permanent magnet

76

Electrical energy

77

Electricity

78

Electromagnet

79

Electron

80

Element

81

Embryo

82 83

Energy Environment

84

Enzyme

85

Evaporation

86 87 88

Exhale Expansion Experiment

89 90

Extinct Fats

90

Fats

Fats found in animals are reserves for when food is scarce. Fats are solids while oil is liquid. A process where sugar or carbohydrates are changed into alcohol and carbon dioxide due to the action of yeast which is a fungus. Fermentation is used in the making of bread and the production of beer and wine. The process in which the male cell meets the female cell and fuses together. The filament is a male part of the flower which holds up the anther. A technique of separating a soluble substance from a insoluble substance by means of a filter paper. The clear part of substance that has passed through the filter paper. The ability of a material to be bent easily without breaking or damaging it. An example of a flexible material is rubber. A food chain shows the food relationship and the transfer of energy among organisms. A food pyramid shows food relationship, size of populations and relative amount of food each consumer needs for survival. A food web is made up of a series of food chains that are interconnected. A push or a pull. It can affect the motion and also change the shape of an object. The temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid. The number of complete cycles per unit time. A rubbing force which slows down moving objects. Anything that produces heat and light energy when burnt. The point at which a lever is supported. Also known as a pivot, hinge or knife edge. Reproduction

91

Fermentation

92

Fertilisation

93

Filament

94

Filter

95

Filtrate

96

Flexibility

97

Food chain

98

Food pyramid

99

Food web

100

Force

101 102 103 104

Freezing point Frequency Friction Fuel

105

Fulcrum

106

Full moon

The moon with the whole disk illuminated by the

106 107

Full moon Fungi

The moon with the whole disk illuminated by the Sun. A group of non-green living things that reproduce by spores and cannot make its own food. They live on other living things and organic materials such as sawdust for their nutrition. Examples are mushrooms, yeast and mould. A wheel which has toothed edges and can be used to transfer motion. A part of a chromosome which controls the characteristics in an organism. Techniques used in the alteration (by adding or removal) of an organism's genetic make-up. The selection of desirable gene for mass reproduction. The initial growth of a seed or spore in a conducive environment. An increase in the Earth's atmospheric temperature due to ecological changes. A form of simple sugar that is carried in the blood stream and used during respiration to produce energy to do work and keep the body warm. Energy stored in a body as a result of its position due to height. Magnitude of gravitational potential energy depends on the mass, gravitational acceleration and height. Force of attraction that pulls all objects towards the Earth. Atmospheric gases such as carbon dioxide trap heat and cause an overall global warming effect. The place or home of an organism. The ability of a material to withstand scratches. An example is of a hard material is diamond which is the hardest naturally occurring material. A form of energy that causes a change to the temperature of an object and its surroundings. Heat has no mass and does not occupy space. An animal that only feeds on plants. Global warming Greenhouse effect Fungus (singular); sk in infections

108

Gear

109

Gene

110

Genetic engineering

111

Genetic selection

112

Germination

113

Global warming

114

Glucose

115

Gravitation potential energy

116

Gravity

117

Greenhouse effect

118 119

Habitat Hardness

120

Heat

121

Herbivore

121 122

Herbivore Hinge joint

An animal that only feeds on plants. A type of connection between two bones that allows forward and backward movement. An example is the elbow joint. The scientific name for mankind. The "wetness" or the amount of water vapour contained in the air. A form of electrical energy produced when water at great heights is used to move the generator turbines. A colourless and odourless gas which is the lightest gas in the world. It is explosive when in contact with a naked flame. An idea that is derived from observation but which has not been scientifically proven to be correct and valid. A surface that has been raised on one end. An indicator is a substance which changes colour depending on whether the solution to be tested is acidic or alkaline. To provide an explanation about or to derive a conclusion based on certain observations. To take or breathe in air. Characteristics which are passed down from the genes of the parents. An insect is an animal that has three parts to its body and also has six legs. An example is housefly. But a spider is not a insect because it has 8 legs. A material that prevents heat or electricity to pass through. Most non-metals such as air and plastics are insulators. A relationship in which organisms depend on one another for survival. Animal without backbone. A solution used to test for the presence of starch. Turns from brown to blue in presence of starch. DNA

123 124

Homo sapiens Humidity

125

Hydroelectric energy

126

Hydrogen

127

Hypothesis

128 129

Inclined plane Indicator

130

Infer

131 132

Inhale Inheritance

133

Insect

134

Insulator

135

Interdependent

136 137

Invertebrate Iodine solution

138

Irreversible change

A change which had taken place which cannot be changed back to it original form without employing the use of chemical means. Example is the burning of paper. A form of energy due to the motion of a body.

Chemical change

139

Kinetic energy

Movement energy

140

Laboratory

The place where scientists conduct experiments to further the discovery of science. Chemicals and apparatus are found in a laboratory. The part of the digestive system that absorbs water and mineral salts. This section is after the small intestine and before the rectum. The young of an insect that has been hatched from an egg and which has a 4-stage life cycle. The larva does not resemble the adult. A simple machine which is made up of a strong rigid bar supported on a fulcrum. Natural stages of growth that an organism must pass through from the time it is born or hatched until it dies. The study of living things to produce benefits to ensure the survival of the human species. A form of energy we can detect with our eyes to allow us to see. White light can be split into a spectrum of colours. Light has no mass and does not occupy space. A solution used to test for the presence of carbon dioxide gas. Limewater turns milky (or chalky) when carbon dioxide is passed through it. The work that is to be done or carried out. Being able to be seen by the naked eye. An object that can exert a magnetic push or pull on other magnetic objects that are made of iron, steel, nickel or cobalt. An invisible force that acts on magnetic materials such as iron, steel, nickel and cobalt. The size and amount of a certain quantity. Biotechnology Larvae (plural); pupa

141

Large intestine

142

Larva

143

Lever

144

Life cycle

145

Life science

146

Light

147

Limewater

148 149 150

Load Luminous Magnet

151

Magnetism

152

Magnitude

153

Mammal

An animal that has hair. The female gives birth to its young and produces milk to feed them. Examples are human beings, apes, whale and dolphin. The amount of matter in the object. Mass is measured in grams and kilograms. Any matter such as glass, wood, ceramic and plastics from which things are made from. Natural material; synthetic material

154

Mass

155

Material

156 157 158 159

Matter Maximum Melting point Membrane

Any object that has weight and occupies space. The biggest or highest amount of a quantity. The temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid. A thin and soft layer which allows some substances to pass through it but not others. A liquid metal commonly used in a clinical thermometer. Also a name for a planet in the Solar system. A tiny living thing that cannot normally be seen by the naked human eye but can be observed under a microscope. Examples are bacteria and germs. An instrument used to observe micro-organisms by magnifying them. Chemicals that occur naturally and a small amount is required for overall good health. The smallest or lowest amount of a quantity. The product of the mass and velocity of a moving object. A natural satellite that revolves around Earth or any other planets. The moon does not give off its own light but reflects the light it gets from the Sun. An act, process or instance of moving. A device that converts chemical or electrical energy to kinetic energy. The shedding of skin by insects such as cockroach when they outgrow the skin. Movement Engine Microscope

160

Mercury

161

Micro-organism

162

Microscope

163

Mineral salts

164 165

Minimum Momentum

166

Moon

167 168

Motion Motor

169

Moult

when they outgrow the skin. 170 171 Movement energy Multicellular A form of energy due to the motion of a body. Organisms that are made of more than one cell are called multicellular organisms. A thick, stretchy tissue that is attached to the bones to control the body parts movements. It is made up of all the muscles in the body to enable movement of various body parts to take place. Materials that occur naturally such as rubber, wood, cotton. A body tissue that transmit messages from one part of the body to another. A particle found inside the nucleus of an atom and which does not carry any charge. A colourless, odourless and inert (unreactive) gas which makes up 78% of air. The process by which nitrogen in the atmosphere is converted from one form to another and back again in a continuous manner. Not replaceable. Take a long time to be replaced naturally. An example is crude oil. Kinetic energy

172

Muscle

173

Muscular system

174

Natural material

175

Nerve

176

Neutron

177

Nitrogen

178

Nitrogen cycle

179

Non renewable

180

Nuclear fusion

The fusing or combining of two atoms to form a larger one. The splitting of an unstable atom into two or more smaller particles. During the process enormous amount of energy is given off. A small structure which contains chromosomes and controls the chemical reactions of the cell. Substances that enable plant and animal growth. The process of taking in food to get energy and for growth and repair. The young of an insect that has been hatched from an egg and which resembles the adult. An example is the cockroach.

181

Nuclear fission

182

Nucleus

183 184

Nutrients Nutrition

185

Nymph

186

Oesophagus (gullet)

The part of the digestive system that passes food from the mouth to the stomach. An animal that feeds on both plants and animals. Does not allow any light to pass through it. One is unable to see through an opaque object. An example is cardboard. An open circuit does not allow electricity to pass through. The circular path through which an object moves around another object in space. A group of tissues organised to perform a particular function. Examples are kidney, heart and the stomach A group of organs organised to perform a particular function. Examples are digestive system, circulatory system. All living things are organisms. The female part of a plant or an animal which contains the ovules (plant) and the eggs (animal). The female part of a plant which contains the egg cell or seed. A colourless and odourless gas which is required by all living things in order to stay alive. It makes up 20% of air and supports combustion (burning). A layer of ozone found in the Earth's atmosphere which protects the living things from harmful ultraviolet radiation of the Sun. An organism that depends or lives on other living organisms for food and nutrition. A line which forms a right angle with the original line. The outer tube in a plant that transports food from the leaves to other parts of the plant. The process by which green plants make food from water and carbon dioxide in the presence of light. Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis. Xylem Respiration satellite transparent; translucent

187 188

Omnivore Opaque

189

Open circuit

190

Orbit

191

Organ

192

Organ system

193 194

Organisms Ovary

195

Ovule

196

Oxygen

197

Ozone layer

198

Parasite

199 200

Perpendicular Phloem

201

Photosynthesis

202

Physical change

A change which had taken place which can be easily changed back to its original form by the use of physical means. Example is the change in states of water. A large object that revolves around the Sun. The nine planets in the Solar System are; Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. A man-made material which is cheap, durable and waterproof and is derived from the refining of petroleum. It does not break down easily and can cause pollution. Recycling and reuse of plastics help to reduce environmental pollution. The male cells of a flower that is used to pollinate the flower. The movement of pollens from the anther of a flower to reach the stigma so that reproduction can take place. Actions and activities that causes the environment to become dirty and unsuitable for living. A group of living things of the same kind living together and reproducing themselves in a particular habitat. A form of energy that is stored for the purpose of being used later. An animal that hunts for other animals for food. Most carnivores are predators. To forecast or make a guess based on what is known or observed. Pressure is the force pressing on a given area. An animal that is eaten by other animals. All herbivores are prey. Red, blue and green colours are primary colours. A prism is a shaped piece of glass which can split white light into the colour of a spectrum or a rainbow. Green plants that can make their own food by photosynthesis.

Reversible change

203

Planet

204

Plastic

205

Pollen grains

206

Pollination

207

Pollution

208

Population

209

Potential energy

Stored energy

210

Predator

Prey

211

Predict

212 213

Pressure Prey

214 215

Primary colours Prism

216

Producer

217

Protein

Protein helps build the body's tissue for growth and repair. A positively charged particle found inside the nucleus of an atom. The stage in mankind where the reproductive organs are being developed. A simple machine which is made up of a rope wound around a supported wheel. The rate of heart beats which can be felt in the arteries.

218

Proton

219

Puberty

220

Pulley

221

Pulse

222

Pupa

The stage of growth between the larva and the adult of an insect of a 4-stage life cycle. A method of heat transfer that does not required a medium for it to take place. A rainbow is a natural phenomenon and is formed when sunlight passes through drops of rain. A measure of quantity in relation to time. When chemicals react they combine together in different ways or splits apart to form simpler substances. To be used again through a cycle of changes or treatment. An example is plastics which can be recycled. The process by which light and sound waves get bounced off when they strike a surface. A material that causes light energy or other form of radiation to bounce off a smooth surface. Can be replaced naturally. An example of renewable resource is trees. The process by which living things produce more of their own kind to ensure the survival of the species. Reptiles are cold blooded animals which have dry and scaly skins. An example is crocodile. The part remaining after another part has been filtered away by filtration method.

Pupae (plural)

223

Radiation

224

Rainbow

225 226

Rate Reaction

227

Recycle

228

Reflection

229

Reflector

230

Renewable

231

Reproduction

232

Reptile

233

Residue

filtered away by filtration method. 234 Respiration The process by which living things take in oxygen to break down food to produce energy to do work and keep the body warm. Carbon dioxide is given off during respiration. It is made up of nose, mouth, windpipe, lungs and diaphragm working together to exchange gases with the surroundings. The part of the eye which captures the image a person sees. A change which had taken place which can be easily changed back to its original form by the use of physical means. Example is the change in states of water. One revolution is a complete round of movement about an object. The part of the skeleton that protects the lungs and heart. The process of turning or spinning on its own axis in a circular motion. An object that revolves around another object in space. A scavenger does not hunt for its own prey but feeds on dead animals left behind by other predators. Science is the study or natural things around us. The way scientists go about finding out things. The part of a seed that protects the baby plant and provides it with food during germination stage. A young plant made of few roots and leaves. A thin and soft layer which allows some substances to pass through it but not others. orbit Physical change

235

Respiratory system

236

Retina

237

Reversible change

238

Revolution

239

Ribcage

240

Rotation

241

Satellite

242

Scavenger

243 244 245

Science Scientific method Seed leaf

246 247

Seedling Semi permeable membrane

248

Shadow

The darkened parts formed when light is blocked by an opaque object. Shadow has no mass and does not occupy space.

249

Skeletal system

It is made up of all the bones in the body to support the body to give it a structure and to protect the delicate body organs. The supporting framework of the body of most animals. The part of the digestive system where most of the digestion of food takes place. This section is after the stomach and before the large intestine. The removal of top soil by wind or water and which will lead to environmental problems. A form of light and heat energy that comes from the Sun. The Solar System comprises the Sun. the planets that revolves around it and the moons. A mixture of a liquid with a dissolved solid or gas. A form of energy produced as a result of vibration and which can be audible (heard) by living things. A group of living things of the same kind that can reproduce to continue their existence. How fast an object moves. That is the rate of change of distance moved. A male reproductive cell that that is produced by the testis of the male animal. Produced by fungi, ferns, moss and bacteria for reproduction. An object in space which gives off its own light and heat. The Sun is the most important star in the Solar system. Starch is food that gives us energy. Examples are bread, pasta and potatoes which contain starch. Water vapour form from boiling of water at 100 degrees Celsius. The female part of a flower which receives the pollen grains. Tiny openings on the surface of a leaf which allow exchange of gases and water vapour. Stomata are Stoma (singular) Carbohydrates Vertebrate; invertebrate

250

Skeleton

251

Small intestine

252

Soil erosion

253

Solar energy

254

Solar system

255 256

Solution Sound

257

Species

258

Speed

259

Sperm

260

Spore

261

Star

262

Starch

263

Steam

264

Stigma

265

Stomata

exchange of gases and water vapour. Stomata are found mostly on the underside of the leaf. 266 Stored energy A form of energy that is stored for the purpose of being used later. A shape or form which allows air and water to slip through easily. The amount of force which can be applied to a material without breaking it. Example of a strong material is iron or steel. The style is a female part of a flower which connects the stigma and the ovary. A olden day instrument used to tell the time of the day by measuring the length of a shadow caused by the sun's rays. A switch is used to start or stop an electric current flowing in a circuit. Materials that are man-made and which does not occur naturally, such as plastics, PVC, styrofoam, nylon. A group of related parts working together to perform a function. Usually include inputs, process and outputs. The use of radio waves to send and receive signals for communication purposes. The degree of hotness or coldness of a body. The reproductive organ of the male animal which produces sperm. The way a material feels when it is touched. Example the surface of glass is smooth. An instrument used to measure the temperature of a body. A duration for which an event occurs. Time is measured in seconds, minutes and hours within a day. A group of cells organised to perform a particular function. Examples are skin tissue and muscular tissue.

(singular)

Potential energy

267

Streamline

268

Strength

269

Style

270

Sundial

271

Switch

272

Synthetic material

273

System

274

Telecommunications

275 276

Temperature Testis

Testes (plural)

277

Texture

278

Thermometer

279

Time

280

Tissue

281

Translucent

Allows some light to pass through. One can see through a translucent object but not very clearly. An example is frosted glass. Allows most light to pass through it. One can see through a transparent material very clearly. An example is clear window glass. A process where water is drawn up by roots of a plant when water vapour evaporates from the leaves. A tube that conveys food, oxygen and blood from the mother to the baby and removes waste products from the baby. Organisms that are made of one cell are called unicellular organisms. A factor that can be changed to determine the resultant effect on an experiment. Examples are the temperature or light conditions. A blood vessel that carries blood rich in carbon dioxide away from all parts of the body back to the heart. Animal with backbone. The movement to and fro about a fixed position. The amount of space taken up by an object. Water that is in gaseous state. A simple machine which is made from having a bigger wheel joined to a smaller axle. The passage in the respiratory system that transfer air from the nose to the lungs. The organ in females where the baby develops and grows. The amount of work done is calculated by the product of Force and distance moved in the direction of the force. When a force is exerted on the wall which does not move at all, there is no work done! The inner tube in a plant that transports water and mineral salts from the roots to the other parts of the plant.

282

Transparent

283

Transpiration

284

Umbilical cord

285

Unicellular

286

Variable

287

Vein

288 289 290 291 292

Vertebrate Vibration Volume Water vapour Wheel and axle

293

Windpipe

294

Womb

295

Work done

296

Xylem

plant. 297 Yeast A unicellular micro-organism that is commonly used in the fermentation process and in the making of bread. Fermentation

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