I.

SETTING OF THE COMMUNITY

1|Page

LOCATION AND BOUNDARIES Barangay 601 is located at Zone 59, District VI of Sta. Mesa, Manila. In the north, Barangay 601 is bounded by San Juan and V. Mapa, Manila on the west. Bacood is situated in the southern part while Mandaluyong is on the eastern part.

TOTAL POPULATION According to the Barangay officials of Barangay 601, as of 2011, the estimated population is 5,000 to 6,000. However, according to Pamana Health Center, as of 2011, the total population of the Barangay is 8,509.

TOTAL LAND AREA Unfortunately, the Barangay officials failed to provide us the information with regard to the total land area of Barangay 601.

PHYSICAL FEATURES Barangay 601, Zone 59, District VI, Sta. Mesa, Manila is composed of a marketplace, learning institutions, establishments, residential structures, and roads. Similarly, narrow roads are found in every corner of the barangay which allow the residents a shorter means of trekking around the vicinity. The structures of the barangay are generally made of concrete materials making the community a substantial means of residency.

CLIMATE Upon conducting our survey at Barangay 601, the weather is generally fair and cool. The sun is covered by a vast of clouds making the environment appear gloomy and cloudy.
2|Page

MEDIUM OF COMMUNICATION People of this barangay use Filipino as their medium of communication. But some of them speak in Bisaya when talking to their kababayan just within their vicinity.

MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION The residents of Barangay 601 find it convenient to travel by means of riding tricycles and pedicabs on short distances and jeepneys on long distances. A. From Manila City Hall to Pamana Health Center From Manila City Hall, ride a jeepney going to Recto Avenue, Manila. Upon glimpsing Chowking Recto branch, descend from the jeepney. Take another jeepney this time going to San Juan.Descend from the jeepney upon reaching Damka Street corner to Old Sta. Mesa. Walk straight ahead and turn right on the first corner behind the Barangay Hall where Pamana Health Center is located. B. From Pamana Health Center to Barangay 601 Outside the Pamana Health Center, you will see a mini market and straight ahead. Before the dead end, turn right and on your left side you will see a pink house with many plants. When you walk through the alley you will see a Day Care Center on the left and a half court in front of it. Now, youre stepping in Brgy.601.

RESOURCES AVAILABLE IN THE COMMUNITY Barangay 601 is composed of a Barangay Hall which is a two storey building located at V. Mapa Extension, Sta. Mesa, two Day Care Centers where children below 5 years old are studying, a basketball court where the residents spend their leisure time, 4 community chapels where the residents practice their religion, a service patrol which responds to the communitys immediate needs, computer shops where students and
3|Page

employees do their work loads, life saving equipments such as life vests, rubber boats, and salbabidas which contribute to the residents safety in times of calamities, and fire fighting equipments specifically 2 fire extinguishers which provide safety precautions during fire.

HISTORY OF THE BARANGAY During the time of the Martial Law, the chairman was duly appointed. By then chairman was called Kapitan del Barrio. Early 80s barangay election was held, Mr. Pete Gayatinea was elected as the Punong Barangay or Barangay Chairman together with Konsehal or Barangay Kagawad was also elected. The next election was held again and the highest votes among the candidates will be proclaimed as the Punong Barangay and the rest will be the Kagawad according to the votes they earn, Mr. Magtanggol Emeterio was the highest. But early 90s Punong Barangay Magtanggol Emeterio migrated to United States and since Mr. Bernardo Biteo was the first Kagawad, he was then the successor. The next election was held in 1994 and Chairman Alfredo E. Calonsag Jr. was elected, then 1997, next is 2002 and Chairman Alfredo E. Calonsag Jr. served his 3 term as Barangay Chairman till 2007. Since he finished his 3 term his wife Elena E. Calonsag run for Barangay Chairman and Chairman Alfredo E. Calonsag Jr. run for Kagawad. Blessing his wife won as Barangay Chairman and Chairman Alfredo E. Calonsag Jr. won as first Kagawad. Then 2010 Barangay election held again Kagawad Alfredo E. Calonsag Jr. again was the winner as Barangay Chairman of Barangay 601, Zone 59 and Chairman Elena E. Calonsag as Barangay Kagawad.

4|Page

Dr. Luzonia A. Dela Cruz PHYSICIAN - IN - CHARGE

Dr. Lea Villas MEDICAL SUPERVISOR Ms. Amelita Banatao NURSE - IN - CHARGE

Dr. Ceasar A. Annatu Jr. DENTIST

Ms. Avon Rivera PHN I

Ms. Rhea Vanessa Fajardo

PHN II

Ms. Elvira Plator MIDWIFE

Ms. Yolanda Felipe UTILITY WORKER I

Ms. Oliva B. Juare NURSING AIDE

Ms. Angeline T. Caponpon

UTILITY WORKER II

Ms. Aileen B. Cabug BHW

Ms. Merliza Paulino BHW

Ms. Joy Flores BHW

Ms. Analiza Cipres BHW

Figure 1. Organizational Chart of Pamana Health Center as of 2011

5|Page

Alfredo E. Calonsag Jr. BARANGAY CHAIRMAN

Carmencita O. Ambrocio SECRETARY

Aileen Dizon TREASURER

Virgilio Policarpio

Elena Calonsag

Dario Marage

Elena Marcial

Alejandra Dizon

Mark Ambrocio

Yolanda Velasco

Forrest Richard delos Santos SK CHAIRMAN

Figure 2. Organizational Chart of Barangay 601, Zone 59, District VI As of 2011

6|Page

II. POPULATION

7|Page

TOTAL POPULATION OF THE BARANGAY According to the Barangay officials of Barangay 601, as of 2011, the estimated population is 5,000 to 6,000 individuals. However, according to Pamana Health Center, as of 2011, the total population of the Barangay is 8,509.

TOTAL POPULATION OF THE FAMILIES SURVEYED The total number of population of the families surveyed is 25 families, with 160 individuals.

SEX RATIO

Formula: SR = No. of males x 100 No. of females SR = 72 males x 100 88 females SR = 81.82

Number of Males: 72 Number of Females: 88 Sex Ratio: 81.82 or 8:10

Analysis: In every 9 males there are 10 females in the community. It indicates that in the future generation there will be an increase in population because of the greater number
8|Page

of families. There will be an increase of dependent children due to the number of mothers that are capable of giving birth.

Table 1. Percentage Distribution Showing Age and Sex Distribution of Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI As of August 12, 2011

Age <1 1-4 5-9 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 and above Total

Male f 2 7 4 8 10 11 7 8 1 2 3 3 3 2 1 72

% 1.27 4.26 3.18 5.10 5.73 5.73 4.26 5.73 0.64 1.27 2.55 1.91 2.55 0.64 0.64 45.45%

Female f 1 8 11 10 9 7 7 8 5 4 4 6 4 2 2 88

% 0.64 5.10 6.37 5.73 6.37 3.82 4.26 4.26 3.18 2.55 2.55 3.82 2.55 1.27 1.27 53.74%

Total 3 15 15 18 19 18 14 16 6 6 7 9 7 4 3 160

% 1.875 9.375 9.375 11.25 11.875 11.25 8.75 10 3.75 3.75 4.375 5.625 4.375 2.5 1.875 100%

9|Page

Figure 5. Bar Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Age and Sex Distribution of Brgy 601, Zone 59, District VI As of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: Based on the table and figure presented, out of 25 surveyed families composed of 160 individuals in Barangay 601, Zone 59, District VI, Sta. Mesa, Manila, 72 or 45.45% are males and 88 or 53.74% are females. The highest percentage of males belong to the age group 20 - 24 years old which comprise of 11 males or 5.73% and the lowest percentage belongs to the age groups 35 39 and 65 years old and above which constitute of 1 male or 0.64% in these age group. Meanwhile, the highest percentage of females belong to the age group 5 - 9 years old which include 11 females or 6.37%, and the lowest is in the age group of <1 years old which includes 1 female or 0.64%. The age group 15 - 19 years old has the highest percentage of population for both males and females which is composed of 10 males or 5.73% and 9 females of 6.37% out of the total number of population.
10 | P a g e

Analysis: Based on the data gathered, individuals 50 and above of age have offspring ages 30-39 who are said to have their own families with children ages 10-19. Few individuals under this age group are likewise having their own families with children ages 1 and below since they are under the reproductive age group. Thus, we can foresee that in a few years, the population of Brgy.601 will gradually increase due to the large number of females under the reproductive age. The data also shows that there is enough number of males in the community emphasizing an enough working force present in the barangay.

Table 2. Percentage Distribution Showing the Civil Status of Individuals 15 years old and above Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI, as of August 12, 2011

Civil Status Married Single Widowed Separated Total

F 57 44 3 2 106

% 53.77 41.51 2.83 1.89 100%

11 | P a g e

Civil Status
2% 3%

41%

Married 54% Single Widowed Separated

Figure 6. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Civil Status of Barangay 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: Table and figure 2 represents the frequency distribution of the civil status of the residents of Barangay 601 which include individual ages 15 years old and above. As seen on the table and on the figure, there are 44 or 41.51% individuals who are single, 57 or 53.77% individuals who are married, 2 or 1.89% individuals are separated and 3 or 2.83% individuals are widowed. The highest percentage for civil status comprises of married individuals and the lowest percentage comprise of separated individuals.

Analysis: The large number of married couples aged 34-60 indicates that these couples had contributed to the large number of population ages 1-24 which is considered as single. However, there exist a few number of individuals aged 60 and above because of the presence of widowed and unmarried individuals.

12 | P a g e

Therefore, increasing the knowledge of the members of the community on safe sex should be given priority to prevent the spread and transmission of sexually transmitted infections.

13 | P a g e

III. ECONOMIC INDICES

14 | P a g e

Dependency Ratio Formula: Dependency Ratio = No. of individuals 14 yrs old below and 65 years old above X 100 No. of individuals 15 64 yrs. Old Dependency Ratio = 54 X 100 109 Dependency Ratio = 49.54

Number of individuals 14 yrs old below and 65 years old above : 54 Number of individuals 15 64 yrs. Old: 109 Dependency ratio: 5 dependents: 10 independents

Analysis: In every 10 independent individuals, there are 5 dependent individuals, so we can say that individuals aged 20 and below are dependent since their basic needs are still provided by their parents while ages 60 and above are dependent to their children since they are no longer capable of working. Ages 21-59 are said to be independent given that they are able to provide their basic needs in line with creating their own families though some of them still reside in their parents houses.

15 | P a g e

Table 3. Percentage Distribution Showing the Occupation Status of Productive Individuals Brgy. 601 Zone 59 District VI as of August 12, 2011

Occupational Status Employed Unemployed Self-Employed Total

f 39 29 13 102

% 38.24 49.01 12.75 100%

Occupational Status

16% 48% 36%

Employed Unemployed Self-Employed

Figure 7. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Occupational Status of Individual of Barangay 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12 2011

Interpretation: The figures illustrate the occupational status of productive individuals age 15-64 years old. As illustrated, there are 39 or 38.24% employed individuals, 13 or 12.75% self-employed individuals, 0 or no retired individuals, and 50 or 49.02% unemployed
16 | P a g e

individuals. The highest percentage for occupational status belongs to the unemployed individuals and the lowest percentage belongs to the retired individuals.

Analysis: The employed individuals who are considered independents and are married are holding a large portion of the population because they have to support their own families. In other words, generally speaking, unemployed individuals who are mostly composed of housewives and old individuals depend on the employed individuals. Some of the self-employed are also females because they prefer to work near or within their houses so they can also take care of their children as well. They can attain good health and avail nutritious foods and medicines that will support their health.

Table 4. Percentage Distribution Showing the Types of Occupation of Earning Individuals Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Occupation White Collar Jobs Occupation f Office Worker 12 OFW (Seamen, Caregiver, 6 Domestic Helpers) Call Center Agent 2 Politician 1 Engineer 1 Optician 1 Electrician 1 % 50 25 8.33 4.17 4.17 4.17 4.17 Blue Collar Jobs Occupation f Vendor 9 Carpenter Driver Tailor Maid Garbage Collector Security Guard Factory Worker Land Lady Gasoline Boy 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 % 31.03 10.34 10.34 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 3.45 3.45
17 | P a g e

Total

24

100%

Plumber Waiter Total

1 1 29

3.45 3.45 100%

White Collar Jobs

Electrician Optician Engineer Politician Call Center Agent OFW (Seamen, Caregiver, Domestic Helpers) Office Worker 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

loo9Figure 8. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Types of Occupation Under White Collar Jobs of Earning Individuals Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

18 | P a g e

Blue Collar Jobs

Waiter Plumber Gasoline Boy Land Lady Factory Worker Security Guard Garbage Collector Maid Tailor Driver Carpenter 0 2 4 6 8 10 Vendor

Figure 9. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Types of Occupation Under Blue Collar Jobs of Earning Individuals Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011 Interpretation: The figures represent the types of occupations of earning individuals (ages 1564) which are divided into white collar jobs or the professionals and blue collar jobs or the skilled workers. On the first category or the white collar jobs, there are 12 or 50% office workers; 2 or 8.33% call center agents; 1 or 4.17% politician, 6 or 25% OFWs, 1 or 4.17% engineer, 1 or 4.17% optician, and 1 or 4.17% electrician. On the other hand, on the blue collar jobs, there are 9 or 31.03% vendors; 3 or 10.34% carpenters; 1 or 3.45% garbage collector; 2 or 6.9% tailors; 3 or 10.34% maids; 2 or 6.9% security guards; 3 or 10.34% drivers; 2 or 6.9% factory workers; 1 or 3.45% land lady; 1 or 3.45% gasoline boy; 1 or 3.45% plumber; and 1 or 3.45% waiter. The highest percentage of occupations under white collar jobs is the office workers which is half of the total number of white collar workers, whereas the lowest percentages are those under politics, engineering, eye industry, and electrical works. Meanwhile, the highest
19 | P a g e

percentage of occupations under blue collar jobs is the selling industry and the job with the lowest percentages are: land lady, gasoline boy, plumber, garbage collector and waiter.

Analysis: There are a large number of blue collar job workers, mostly married individuals, than white collar jobs because of the large number of young dependents requiring support thus, grabbing any job that suites their skills. White collar jobs got a low percentage because some jobs prefer a wide range of work experience which can only be attained by individuals aged 35-54 and these white collar job workers are mostly single since some companies prefer unmarried employees as not to impede their working hours.

Table 5. Percentage Distribution Showing the Average Income of Earning Individuals Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Income/Month 15,000 and above 13,000 - 14,999 11,000 - 12,999 9,000 - 10,999 7,000 - 8,999 5,000 - 6,999 3,000 - 4,999 1,000 - 2,999 Total

F 15 1 2 11 5 5 4 7 50

% 30 2 4 22 10 10 8 14 100%

20 | P a g e

Income

1,000 - 2,999 3,000 - 4,999 5,000 - 6,999 7,000 - 8,999 9,000 -10,999 11,000 -12,999 13,000 - 14,999 15,000 and above

10

12

14

16

Figure 10. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Average Income of Earning Individuals Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: The table and the figure show the average income per month of earning individuals age 15 - 64 years old. As shown by the figures, there are no individuals earning < P1,000 per month; 7 or 14% individuals earning P1,000 - 2,999 per month; 4 or 8% individuals earning P5,000-6,999 per month; 5 or 10% individuals earning P7,000-8,999 per month; 11 or 22% individuals earning P9,000-10,999 per month; 2 or 4% individuals earning P11,000-12,999 per month; 1 or 2% individual earning P13,00014,999 per month; and 15 or 30% individuals earning P15,000 and above per month. The highest percentage of average income per month is P15, 000 and above, whereas the lowest percentage of average income per month is < P1, 000.

21 | P a g e

Analysis: Most of the families in the community are within the poverty line since the National Economy and Development Authority (NEDA) has stated that a family of five members must earn P14, 900.00 per month to provide their basic needs. Based on the family survey conducted, only a few individuals under white collar jobs earn P15,000.00 and above per month, meanwhile, majority of the individuals in the community belong to the blue collar jobs who earn P10,000 and below per month. Therefore, if their salary is below P10, 000.00, it will not be enough to provide the basic needs of their families. Self-employed individuals, on the other hand, earn P1, 000.00 to P3, 000.00 per month because they earn such amount from their sari-sari stores and apartments.

22 | P a g e

IV. SOCIOCULTURAL INDICES

23 | P a g e

LITERACY RATE

Formula: Literacy Rate = No. of population 8 yrs. And above who can read and write X 100 Total no. of population 8 yrs. And above Literacy Rate = 137 x 100 137 Literacy Rate = 1

Number of individuals 8 yrs. Old and above: 137 Literacy Rate: 1

Analysis: Given a hundred percent of individuals who can read and write, these individuals has the ability to understand health education. It is possible that the population will not increase in number because most of the females already know the effects of unwanted pregnancy and pregnancy itself. There is also a large number of individuals who were sent to school thus, proving the number of literate individuals. These individuals who were sent to school can become independents in the future and have their own jobs. There is a large number of individuals pertaining to the Blue Collar Jobs, this indicates that some of the jobs are not implementing high standards when it comes to application. Having a hundred percent literacy rate would mean that residents of Brgy. 601 can find job suited for their skills. This also implies that the residents of the said barangay can comprehend with the programs implemented by the health center and with regards to this, they can watch out for their health due to the fact that they can understand the programs and health teachings provided by the health center and health personnel of the barangay
24 | P a g e

Table 6. Percentage Distribution Showing the Educational Attainment of Individuals Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Educational Attainment High school Graduate College Level Elementary Level College Graduate High school Level Elementary Graduate Total

F 33 29 24 23 21 5 135
Educatioanl Attainment

% 24.44 21.48 17.78 17.04 15.56 3.70 100%

Elementary Graduate High school Level College Graduate Elementary Level College Level High School Graduate

10

15

20

25

30

35

Figure 11. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Educational Attainment of Individuals Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: The table and the figure above represent the percentage distribution showing the educational attainment of individuals surveyed. As presented, there are no individuals
25 | P a g e

who failed to have formal education; 24 or 17.18% individuals who are elementary undergraduates; 5 or 3.70% individuals who are elementary graduates; 21 or 15.56% individuals who are high school undergraduates; 33 or 24.44% who are high school graduates; 29 or 21.48% who are college undergraduates; and 23 or 17.04% who are college graduates. The highest percentage of educational attainment of individuals are high school graduates which has 33 or 24.44% individuals, while the lowest percentage is the group where there is no formal education taken.

Analysis: Since most of the residents of Brgy. 601 are High School graduate, we can say that they can read and write in relation to the literacy rate discussed. Most of the residents of the said barangay are married therefore most of the couples got married after their High School years thus stating that most of them have insufficient knowledge with regards to pregnancy and the effects of pregnancy itself. Population is then affected giving a large number of individuals added to a particular age group. Given that they graduated from High School, most of them are classified into Blue Collar Jobs and we can say that they are paid based from their skills. With regards to their earnings, it can be just enough or excessive depending on their skills as mentioned earlier. Table 7. Percentage Distribution Showing the Religion of Families Surveyed, Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Religion Roman Catholic Born Again El Shaddai Total

F 45 3 1 49

% 91.84 6.12 2.04 100%

26 | P a g e

Religion
2% 6%

Roman Catholic Born Again 92% El Shaddai

Figure 12. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Religion of Families Surveyed, Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: Table and figure 7 shows the percentage distribution of the religion of families surveyed. As shown above, 3 or 6.12% families are Born Again Christians, 45 or 91.84% families are Roman Catholics; and the remaining 1 or 2.04% family is El Shaddai. The highest percentage of the families is Roman Catholics and the lowest percentage of the families is El Shaddai.

Analysis: Based on the data collected, majority of the people in the community are Roman Catholics. This therefore connotes that their religious practices, values, and beliefs are alike in some degree, resulting in unity and harmony within the community. Given these values of unity and harmony, full cooperation in different activities and development programs in the community can be assured in view that participation of each member of
27 | P a g e

the community is highly required to attain community development and progress. The apparent reason behind the large number of Roman Catholics in the barangay is the incidence of similar religion running in each family, that is, the religion of the parents, mostly Roman Catholic, is held the same with their offspring. Religion is one of the factors that influence a persons view on health as it guides a persons philosophy in life. Health beliefs such as illnesses being caused primarily as a punishment from God for immoral acts can become a hindrance for seeking professional health advice.mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm

Table 8. Percentage Distribution Showing the Place of Origin of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601 Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Place of Origin Visayas Luzon NCR Mindanao Total

f 25 18 4 2 49

% 51.02 36.73 8.16 4.08 100%

28 | P a g e

Place of Origin

8%

4%

37%

51%

Visayas Luzon NCR Mindanao

Figure 13. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Place of Origin of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601 Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: The table and figure 8 shows the percentage of individuals who came from different regions in the Philippines as categorized by Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao, and NCR. There are 18 or 36.73% surveyed individuals whose province is located in Luzon; 25 or 51.02% individuals whose province is located in Visayas; 2 or 4.08%individuals whose province is located in Mindanao; and 4 or (8.16%) in NCR. The highest percentage of individuals whose place of origin is in Visayas which has 25 or 51.02%, while the lowest percentage of individuals whose place of origin is in Visayas which has 2 or 4.08%.

Analysis: The cultures and traditions being practiced in different regions of the Philippines of the community members have a profound effect on the health of the
29 | P a g e

community. Take for example the inhabitants of Luzon and NCR, because of modernization, they become freely open to the idea that diseases are caused by bacteria and viruses; Mindanao, where people believe that mountains are sacred; and Visayas, where they believe that certain illnesses are caused by spiritual and moral imbalances. Most of the people in the community have originated in Visayas so, most of the illness in the family are treated in the way of beliefs that could be a risk for the aggregation of the disease.mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm There are many Roman Catholics in the community because most of the people in the community are found in Visayas, the place where Catholicism was started. Many working individuals are in blue collar jobs because mostly of the Bisaya people are hard-working and patient. Even though their income is low, they still work in order to send money and provide the needs of their family. Most of the married couples have originated in Visayas so this implies that in next generations, there will be a large number of Roman Catholics in the community.

Table 9. Percentage Distribution of Showing the Length of Residency of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Length of Residency 10 years and above 1 - 5 years 6 - 10 years Total

f 40 7 2 49

% 81.63 14.29 4.08 100%

30 | P a g e

Length of Residency

4% 14%

10 years and above 82% 1 - 5 years 6 - 10 years

Figure 14. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Length of Residency of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: The table and graph 9 shows the length of residency of the families surveyed at Brgy. 601, as categorized by < 6 months, 6 months to 1 year, 1 to 5 years, 6 to 10 years, and 10 years and above. There are no families or 0% who live in their houses at the category of < 6 months and 6 months to 1 year. In the category of 1 - 5 years, there are 7 or 14.29% families; there are 2 or 4.08% families in the category of 6 - 10 years; and 40 or 81.63% families at the category of 10 years and above. The highest percentage of the families who live in their current houses is the category 10 years and above and the lowest is the category < 6 months and 1 year.

31 | P a g e

Analysis: A lot of the people in this community resides there for more than 10 years and many factors influenced them to stay here in manila, many Bisaya prefer to stay here in manila because they believe that there is a greater opportunity for them to have a regular work and to earn a lot of money so they can help their families in Visayas, most of them are only high school graduate and below thats why the only job that can get is the Blue Collar Jobs. If their population continue to increase and most of them are in the line of blue collar jobs the community will be overcrowded because of the Bisayas who continue to move here in Manila to look for jobs and because they are in the blue collar jobs the money that they earned is not enough to supply all the needs of a single family especially in their health, because their money is just for their basic needs, so they are not able to give attention to their health status if they continue to disregard their health status it is easy for the microorganism to spread in their community and soon it can be a big problem of their community regarding health.

Table 10. Percentage Distribution Showing the Types of Housing of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Types of Housing Strong Mixed Light Total

f 16 7 2 25

% 64 28 2 100%

32 | P a g e

Types of Housing

8%

28% Strong 64% Mixed Light

Figure 15. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Types of Housing of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: The figures above show the percentage distribution showing the types of housing of families. A total of 16 or 64% number of families built their house with strong materials, the other 7 or 28% families used mixed materials and the remaining 2 or 8% used light materials in building their house.

Analysis: A myriad of the houses of the families in Barangay 601 are made up of strong materials. These concrete houses are known for their durability and cost-saving features as it entail no annual repair as compared to light and mixed-built houses. Furthermore, strong houses are known to minimize accidents during typhoons and calamities as these houses provide a well-built support furnishing the family refuge and protection. These types of houses, likewise, provide protection against diseases and illnesses brought about by changes in temperature.

33 | P a g e

This type of housing can be related to the length of residency of the families in their houses as most of them are residing in the barangay for 10 years and up. Hence, they had enough time to improve their houses as to provide security for each family member. Table 11. Percentage Distribution Showing House Ownership of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Ownership Owned Rented Rent-free Total

F 18 6 1 25

% 72 24 4 100%

House Ownership

4% 24%

Owned 72% Rented Rent-free

Figure 16. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing House Ownership of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

34 | P a g e

Interpretation: The figures illustrate the percentage distribution of house ownership of the families. The data show that 72% or 18 of the respondents claimed ownership over the houses; 24% or 6 of the respondents admitted that they are renting in their houses; and 4% or 1 respondent stated that their house is a rent - free.

Analysis: House ownership reflects the allocation of the family resources especially on food and on health services. Renting families may experience adversities on prioritizing their needs which may result on the negligence of their health status, while the families who have ownership over their houses may find it easier to prioritize their needs, thus, prioritizing health.

Table 12. Percentage Distribution Showing Ventilation of Houses of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Ventilation Indequate Adequate Total

F 16 9 25

% 64 36 100%

35 | P a g e

Ventilation

36% Inadequate Adequate

64%

Figure 17. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Ventilation of Houses of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: The table shows the percentage distribution of the ventilation of houses of the families surveyed in Barangay 601. The students used anthropometric measurement to obtain the necessary data to be able to know if the family has adequate or inadequate ventilation. The data gathered show that 9 or 36% of the houses have adequate ventilation and 16 or 64% of the houses have inadequate ventilation.

Analysis: As the students estimated, most of the families have inadequate ventilation comparison to the houses that have adequate ventilation. It indicates that health problems can also be arising in the community because of insufficient air supply to their houses. Based on the surveyed families, because of the not enough salary that they get from their jobs they dont prioritize the ventilation in their houses. Children have a large
36 | P a g e

number in the community this shows that they are much prone to the health problems because there immune system is not too strong.

Table 13. Percentage Distribution Showing Overcrowding of Houses of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Overcrowding Overcrowded Not overcrowded Total

F 20 5 25

% 80 20 100%

Overcrowding

20%

Overcrowded 80% Not Overcrowded

Figure 18. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Overcrowding of Houses of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation:
37 | P a g e

The figures illustrate the percentage distribution of overcrowding of houses of the families surveyed. The students used anthropometric measurement to obtain the necessary data to be able to know if the family is overcrowded or not. Based on the figures, there are 5 or 20% families who are not experiencing overcrowding in their houses and 20 or 80% who are experiencing overcrowding in their houses. Therefore, there are greater overcrowded families than crowded families.

Analysis: Overcrowding is nonetheless a problem no matter where it occurs. When people are packed too closely together to suit their comfort and needs, a community is considered to be overcrowded. In the surveyed Barangay, most of them are overcrowded. This can have devastating effects on the individuals as well as community as a whole. There are multiple problems that can arise. Most of the houses are a multi-purpose room which cause overcrowding and insufficient ventilation for them, causing or exacerbating respiratory illness. Diseases spread more quickly through communities that are in close physical proximity to each as germs multiply and travel quickly from one individual to another particularly the elderly, young children, and the disabled;. It is more difficult to isolate those who are contagious, resulting in widespread illnesses that can quickly cause serious problems for everyone in the area. Some of the individuals are originated in Visayas, and they have a practice that even though they had a families already they are staying in one house only. There are also many dependents than independents so we can say that they are living in the same houses which cause an overcrowding for them.

38 | P a g e

V. ENVIRONMENTAL INDICES

39 | P a g e

Table 14. Percentage Distribution Showing Water Supply of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Level Waterworks System Communal Faucet Shared Total

F 21 2 2 25

% 84 8 8 100%

Source of Water Supply

8%

8%

Waterworks System 84% Communal Faucet Shared

Figure 19. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Water Supply of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: The figures show the percentage distribution of water supply of families surveyed. As indicated, there are no families who get their water supply from a point
40 | P a g e

source; 2 or 8% families who get their water supply on a communal faucet; 21 or 84% families who get their water supply through waterworks system; and 2 or 8% families who share their water system. The highest percentage of families gets their water supply through waterworks system.

Analysis: Most people in Barangay 601 use Waterworks System in getting water supply. The water being got in this system comes from dams or water reservoirs; the water is being treated to ensure that the water will be safe to drink and to use when it reaches different households/customers that the water works company renders service. Because of the type of occupation of the individuals in the community have they can provide a hygienic and adequate water or known as Waterworks System, since they've lived for a long time they can afford to have their own water meter. In view of the fact that in their Barangay there is a lot of children that need to take care of their health by providing a uncontaminated and sufficient water.

Table 15. Percentage Distribution Showing Excreta Disposal of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Excreta Disposal Level 1 (Pit Latrines) Level II (Pour - Flush Toilets) Level III (Flush Toilets) Total

F 0 23 2 25

% 0 92 8 100%

41 | P a g e

Excreta Disposal

8%

Pour-Flush Toilets 92% Flush Toilets

Figure 20. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Excreta Disposal of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: The table and the graph show how the families dispose their excreta as categorized by pit latrines, pour - flush toilets, flush toilets, and wrap and throw. There are no families who use the methods of pit latrines and the wrap and throw; 23 or 92% of the families use pour-flush toilets; and 2 or (8%) of the families use flush toilets. The highest percentage of the family disposal of excreta is the pour - flush toilets and the lowest is pit latrines and wrap and throw method.

Analysis: If they are getting enough water, they have the ability to excrete their waste through pour flush toilet. Some of the families that are living long enough in the community are not changing their background on how to dispose their waste in Pour
42 | P a g e

flush Toilet because many of them has the formal education. They have the knowledge on the proper disposal of waste and will be the effect to their community. Because of the small number of White Collar Job, only few can have the ability to have Flush Toilets to dispose their waste. Which can implies that the people in the community can prevent the spreading or transmission of disease like diarrhea.

Table 16. Percentage Distribution Showing Refuse Waste Disposal of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Waste Disposal DPS (collected) Total

F 25 25

% 100 100%

Waste Disposal

100% DPS (collected)

43 | P a g e

Figure 21. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Refuse Waste Disposal of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: The figures above show the refuse waste disposal of the families surveyed. The data illustrate that all the families surveyed use the DPS method (collected) as a type of waste disposal because the wastes in Barangay 601 are collected by the official garbage truck.

Analysis: DPS or Department of Public Services collects the waste disposals of the families in the community every week. In this system, the DPS are going to the houses of the families to personally collect the garbage disposals of the family to put on their garbage truck. Based on the surveyed families, most of the children collect their garbage; it can affect those young individual ages 15-22 for health problem because of the infection that can get from it. It would be better if aside from DPS collection of waste disposals, the barangay or the community should initiate the people or the individuals in the barangay to practice waste segregation. It is the method of separating BIODEGRADABLE WASTES from NON- BIODEGRADABLE WASTE so that proper disposal could be performed. Improper disposal of wastes pose a threat to the health of not only the family but also the entire community.

44 | P a g e

VI. HEALTH INDICES

45 | P a g e

Table 17. Percentage Distribution Showing Food Storage Practice of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Food Storage Refrigerated Not refrigerated a. Covered b. Not covered Total

F 15 10 0 25

% 60 40 0 100%

Food Storage

40% Refrigerated 60% Not refrigerated: Covered

Figure 22. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Food Storage Practice of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011 Interpretation: There are 15 or 60%individuals of family surveyed, who uses refrigerator as their primary food storage. On the other hand, there are 10 or 40% individuals, who have no refrigerator rather they only covered their food in the table.
46 | P a g e

Analysis: Most of the families have their own refrigerator that they use to prevent food spoilage and by this situation, the community also prevent some diseases like diarrhea especially on their children. Also, most of the individuals have their own jobs with enough salaries in order to buy a refrigerator and for its electrical consumption. Some families in Brgy. 601 have their foods covered because in Filipino culture, they buy only enough food for the members of their family. All of the people in the Brgy. uses proper food storage thus, they have less chances of getting higher cases of foodborne diseases and this implies that the individuals has understood the health teachings provided by their health center about the causes and effects of food storage.

Table 20. Percentage Distribution Showing Infant Feeding Practice of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Type of Infant Feeding Breast Feeding Total

F 3 3

% 100 100%

47 | P a g e

Infant Feeding

100% Breast Feeding

Figure 23. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Infant Feeding Practice of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: The table 18 shows that 3 or 100% of mothers feed their infants through breast feeding. Analysis: Most of the mothers in the said Brgy. are aware of the benefits that their babies will get through breast feeding rather than bottle feeding. The mothers know that nutrients coming from their breast will make their babies healthier and helps the immune system of their babies to fight diseases; mothers milk can give benefits because mothers milk is very nutritious. It also enhances mother-infant relationship. (Rodolfo et al., 2007). Breast milk is still the source of vitamins and minerals for their babies. Health benefits have been proven to pass from mother to child through breast milk.

48 | P a g e

Table 19. Percentage Distribution Showing Immunization Status of Children 0-12 months among the Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Antigen BCG Hep B 1 Hep B 2 Hep B 3 DPT 1 DPT 2 DPT 3 OPV 1 OPV 2 OPV 3

Target 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

f 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

% 100 100 66.67 66.67 66.67 66.67 66.67 66.67 66.67 66.67

Immunization Status

BCG Hep B 1 Hep B 2 Hep B 3 DPT 1 DPT 2 DPT 3 OPV 1 OPV 2 OPV 3 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 f Target

Figure 24. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Immunization Status of Children 0-12 months among the Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

49 | P a g e

Interpretation: Table 19 shows the number of target infants to be immunized and the number of the children (0-11 months) immunized by the vaccines BCG, Hep B 1,2,3, DPT 1,2,3, OPV 1,2,3 and AMV. The target children to be immunized by BCG is 3 infants and 2 infants at Hep B 1,2,3, DPT 1,2,3, OPV 1,2,3 and 0 infants at AMV. There are 3 or 100% infants are immunized with BCG and 2 or 100% infants with DPT 1,2,3, OPV 1,2,3. Analysis: Immunization of the families with infants in Brgy. 601 are complete according to their ages. This implies that these infants are protected to certain diseases like DPT, Hepatitis, Polio and PTB. This also implies that the family is aware on their community resources. The community implementing the EPI or Expanded Program on Immunization that aims to lessen the death of infants by immunization.

Table 20. Percentage Distribution Showing Health-Seeking Behavior of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Heath Facility Health Center Hospital Private MD Total

f 88 40 29 160

% 56.05 25.48 18.47 100%

50 | P a g e

Health-Seeking Behavior

18%

26%

56%

Health Center Hospital Private MD

Figure 25. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Health-Seeking Behavior of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011 Interpretation: The data shows the percentage of health seeking behaviour. The Health Center compromise the highest percentage with 56.05% and Hospitals has 25.48% and Private MD is the least percentage with 18.47%.

Analysis: Most of the families seek health related advice at the Health Center. Because of being accessible and near to the Health Center in their community, most of the families in Brgy.601 are availing the health services like vaccines, checkups and others, and also because health is one of the priority most of the families there. The families go to the Health Center for free consultation most especially in the children. They go to the Health Center to provide first aid if one of the family members has sick or any type of injury.

51 | P a g e

Table 21. Percentage Distribution Showing the Source of Health Information of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Source Media Health Center Hospital Total

f 12 11 2 25

% 48 44 8 100%

Source of Health Information

8%

48% 44% Media Health Center Hospital

Figure 26. Pie Graph Presentation of Percentage Showing Source of Health Information of Families Surveyed Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI as of August 12, 2011

Interpretation: The table shows that 11 or 44%of the people in the community get their source of health information through Health Center and only 2 or 8% of the people were informed through the Hospital about health information, and the majority of the people in
52 | P a g e

Brgy.601 Zone 59 get their source of health information through the mass media and it is equivalent to 12 or 48%. Analysis: Because many people in this community are already liberated, they are able to understand the information that they need to know, one of that is the proper breast feeding and giving care to other members of the family. Majority of the people that we surveyed are in reproductive age and they need right information regarding their health status, if they continue to rely on mass media they cannot get the accurate information that they should know about their health and may not be suited to them because every individual mechanism has their own reaction to different medications. It can cause major problem to their community if they continue to rely on mass media because not all that they advertised is right and applicable to all, they should go to hospital or health center to get accurate information regarding their health status.

Table 22. Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity in Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI, For the Year January - July 2010 & January - July 2011

Diseases Acute Upper Respiratory Disease Bronchitis Bronchial Asthma Acute Tonsillar Pharyngitis Tonsillitis Hypertension Diarrhea Pulmonary Tuberculosis Intestinal Parasite Measles

January - July 2010 Number 720 698 615 514 305 291 170 49 43 25

January - July 2011 Number 2901 106 98 58 113 86 68 52 55 14

% () 30.29 - 84.81 - 84.07 - 88.72 - 62.95 - 70.45 -60 16.12 27.9 - 44

53 | P a g e

Formula: No. of cases in present year No. of cases in previous year % Difference = No. of cases in previous years X 100

Acute Upper Respiratory Disease Bronchitis Bronchial Asthma Acute Tonsillar Pharyngitis Tonsillitis Hypertension Diarrhea Pulmonary Tuberculosis Intestinal Parasite Measles 0%

2010
2010

2011

2010
2010

2011

2010
2010

2011

2010
2010

2011

2010
2010

2011

2011

2010
2010

2011

2010
2010

2011

2011

2010
2010

2011

2010
2010

2011

2010
2010

2011

10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Figure 27. Bar Graph Presentation of Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity in Brgy. 601, Zone 59, District VI, For the Year January-July 2010 & January-July 2011

Interpretation: The table 22 shows the number of people who had cases of various diseases between January July 2010 to January July 2011 and their percent differences. These diseases are AURI, Bronchitis, Bronchial Asthma, ATP, Tonsillitis, Hypertension, Diarrhea, IP, PTB and Measles. From January July 2010 to January July 2011, the cases of AURI came up from 720 to 2901 cases showing an increase of 30.29%; In Bronchitis, at the given time frame, the number cases came down from 698 to 106 showing a decrease of 84.81%; Bronchial Asthma at the same time frame, the number of cases has decrease from 615
54 | P a g e

to 98 showing a decrease of 84.07%; In cases of ATP, it came down from 514 to 58 showing a decrease of 88.72%; in Tonsillitis, the number of cases came down from 305 to 113 showing a decrease of 62.95%; in Hypertension, the number of cases came down from 291 to 86 resembling a decrease of 70.45%; in cases of diarrhea, there is a decrease from 170-68 or -60%; in IP, the number of cases has increased from 43 to 55 or 27.91%; in PTB, there is an increase of number of cases from 49 to 52 or 6.12% increase; and in measles, from 25 to 14 individuals, there is a decrease of 44%. The highest increase of cases from January- July 2010 to January July 2011 is the AURI and the lowest increase was the PTB; while the highest decrease was in the case of ATP and the lowest is the case of measles.

Analysis: Diseases on respiratory and gastrointestinal tract had increased its cases for a year like AURD, PTB, and Intestinal Parasites. This implies that the community has a risk for an increase of cases especially on PTB because the disease is highly contagious and cases will increase if the family has not enough knowledge on disease. The cases of AURI have increase by 30% after a year because people dont have adequate ventilation due to overcrowding. Many cases have fall down like hypertension, measles, asthma and others. This can imply that the community is aware of their available resources on their area. Some of these diseases like tonsillitis are sometimes ignored so maybe there is less reported cases in the health center. The greatest percentage of decrease in cases of the disease is the acute tonsillar pharyngitis because the health center has implemented and provided of effective health teaching to the people in the community.

VII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION

A community is a group of associated nations sharing common interest or a common heritage. Communities are very fragile groups, especially here in the

55 | P a g e

Philippines. Any change in any of its aspects can result to drastic and undesirable changes. Every unit in this community, in its simplest, is the family, and every family is responsible for their health. It is their initiative that determines and measures their capacity for health maintenance and how they make the most out of it. Every small change in the health practices in even one family member could endanger the whole family, and could as well endanger the whole community. The students four-day exposure in the health center, including a one-day exposure in families homes, gave the researchers ample time to diagnose and conduct surveys regarding the overall health of the assigned area. To conclude the data, most of the people in the community are female, mostly children who are 5-9 years old. There are also a lot of married people in the population. People who are in blue collar jobs are much more numerous than white collar ones. Most are High school graduates. There is a 100% literacy rate. Many families are Roman Catholics. The people in the community mostly originated from Visayas. Most families have stayed more than 10 years, mostly in their strong of houses, but with inadequate ventilation. People are overcrowded in their areas. People also mostly have a water works system for their drinking water, have their trash collected and utilize pour-flushing to eliminate their wastes. Majority of the people have refrigerators in their homes. Most mothers provide powdered forms of milk for their babies. It also shows that more people seek their health behaviour from health centers but they gather health information from the mass media. Problems have also been manifested in the community. Problems included are the overcrowding and inadequate ventilation in the houses. These problems can be solved if the system will work together to give the community the enough knowledge that includes the facts about family planning so every families will know how to handle it. Building this information in their minds will help every families to conquer the enlarge population of the community. VIII. PROBLEM IDENTIFIED A. Overcrowded (Health Threat)

56 | P a g e

Having a huge number of population in the Brgy. 601 can lead to an increase Morbidity rate. Overcrowding is also one of the causes of inadequate ventilation. threat for the community. This could potentially pose a huge health

B. Ventilation (Health Threat) Due overcrowding, inadequate amount of air is situated inside their house which can lead to easy airborne transmission of diseases.

PRIORITAZION OF THE PROBLEMS 1. 80% of the families surveyed are Overcrowded

CRITERIA

COMPUTATION

SCORE

JUSTIFICATION

This is a health Nature of the problem (2) Health threat 2/3 x 1 0.66 threat due to the fact that overcrowding will lead to other related disease. The problem is partially modifiable Modifiability of the problem (1) Partially modifiable 1/2 x 2 1 because there are alternative ways on how to maximize the space inside the house which can be learned by the
57 | P a g e

residents through a group discussion.

The problem is highly preventive due to the fact that it Preventive potential (3) Highly preventive 3/3 x 1 1 can be prevented with the aid of the Barangay health workers and with the cooperation of the residents. Salience (1) Problem but not needing immediate action TOTAL SCORE: 3.16 x1 0.5 The families surveyed do not view this as priority but still this problem must be resolved imeediately.

58 | P a g e

2. 64% of the Families Surveyed are Poor Ventilated

Criteria

Computation

Score

Justification

Nature of the Problem (2) health threat Modifiability of Problem (1) partially modifiable Preventive Potential (2) moderate 2/3 x 1 0.66

This is health related since there is a risk for spread of some diseases.

64% of the families x2 1 surveyed are poor ventilated.

There is an 2/3 x 1 0.66 insufficiency of family resources.

Salience (1) problem but not needing an immediate action

Because of insufficiency of 0/2 x 1 0 family resources, the family sees it as a problem but it is not prioritized.

Total:

2.32

59 | P a g e

IX. SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION

As we go on our Community Diagnosis we discovered that the main problem in the community is Overcrowding. We suggest some recommendation to reduce this problem. 1. Educate the family on how to isolate their family members whenever each one of them has sickness.

2. Encourage the family to plant some medicinal plant shrubs to their houses.

3. Educate the family about health hygiene techniques in order to lessen the spread of diseases.

4. (For more number of unemployed individuals,) encourage them to participate on environmental projects from the Barangay.

5. Since most of the houses in Barangay 601 lack adequate ventilation, the residents should be taught on the importance of thorough cleaning of their houses which can lessen poor indoor air.

6. Have only two to three persons per room, children under 1 year old is an exemption.

7. If children are apt to play inside the house, give them specific place to dwell with instead of letting them roam around the house.

8. Suggest the family to limit their appliances (especially those that are big) to maximize the space of the house.

60 | P a g e

9. Educate the family about saving space inside the house by disposing unnecessary things in the house (e.g. old newspapers, unused tools and furniture)

10. Plant some plants in their front yard because of overcrowding the exchange of gases decrease. By the help of plants it can increase oxygenation.

61 | P a g e

62 | P a g e