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TINGKATAN :_________________________________________
JUMLAH
1
Section A
Bahagian A
[ 60 mark ]
[ 60 markah ]
1. Diagram 1(a) shows a micrometer screw gauge. It is shows the zero error of micrometer
screw gauge which has an accuracy of 0.01 mm. Diagram 1 (b) shows the use of the same
micrometer screw gauge to measure the diameter of a ball bearing.
Rajah 1(a) menunjukkan suatu tolok skru mikrometer. Tolok skru berkenaan telah wujud
ralat sifar dan ianya mempunyai kepekaan 0.01 mm. Manakala Diagram 1(b) menunjukkan
tolok skru yang sama digunakan untuk mengukur diameter suatu bebola logam.
2
(d) Calculate the relative error for the diameter of the ball bearing
Berapakah ralat relatif bagi diameter bebola logam itu ?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 mark ]
(e) (i) Is the micrometer screw gauge an accurate measuring instrument ?
Adakah tolok skru micrometer menunjukkan ketepatan ketika pengukuran dilakukan ?
________________________________________________________________________
2. A student is asked to measure the diameter of a metal ball and the thickness of a piece of
metal. He is supplied with a pair of vernier calipers and a micrometer screw gauge. The
student uses the vernier calipers to measure the diameter of the metal ball. Diagram 2.1
shows the position of the vernier calipers when the jaws are closed. Diagram 2.2 shows the
position of the vernier scale when he puts the metal ball between the external jaws of the
vernier calipers
Seorang pelajar diminta mengukur diameter bebola logam dan ketebalan sekeping logam. Dia
dibekalkan dengan suatu angkup vernier dan tolok skru micrometer. Pelajar itu menggunakan
angkup vernier untuk mengukur diameter bagi bebola logam. Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan
kedudukan angkup vernier bilamana rahang dirapatkan. Rajah 2.2 menunjukkan kedudukan
skala vernier bilamana dia meletakkan bebola logam diantara rahang luar angkup vernier.
(a) What is the value of zero error of the vernier calipers in diagram 2.1 ?
Apakah nilai ralat sifar bagi angkup vernier pada rajah 2.1 ?
__________________________________________________________________________
[ 1 mark]
(b) What is the reading of the vernier ensitiv in Diagram 2.2 ?
Apakah bacaan angkup vernier dalam rajah 2.2
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[ 1 mark]
(c) What is the diameter of the metal ball ?
Apakah nilai diameter bagi bebola logam itu ?
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[1 mark ]
3
The student then uses a micrometer screw gauge to measure the thickness of the metal. He took
three readings at different places and the readings are shown in the table below.
Pelajar itu kemudian menggunakan tolok skru micrometer untuk mengukur ketebalan suatu kepingan
logam. Dia mengambil tiga bacaan yang berlainan tempat dan catatan bacaan sebagaimana
ditunjukkan dalam jadual di bawah.
Table 2 / Jadual 2
Thickness of metal (mm) / Ketebalan kepingan logam (mm)
First measurement Second measurement Third measurement
Ukuran pertama Ukuran kedua Ukuran ketiga
5.22 5.23 5.23
3. A spring with a load of mass m is oscillation vertically as shown in the diagram 3. The period
of oscillation T is taken and the readings are recorded as shown in the table 3.
Suatu spring dengan pemberat berjisim m berayun secara menegak sebagaimana ditunjukkan
dalam rajah 3. Tempoh ayunan T diambil dan bacaan adalah dicatatkan seperti jadual 3.
Diagram 3 / Rajah 3
Table 3 / Jadual 3
4
(b) Plot a graph of T2 against m on the graph given below
Lakarkan graf T2 melawan m di atas graf di bawah.
[3 mark ]
5
4. Diagram 4.1 shows a car moving from P to R. The thrust of the car’s engine is constant
throughout PQR. [Ignore the frictional force]
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan sebuah kereta bergerak daripada P ke R. Tujahan enjin kereta adalah
tetap di sepanjang PQR. ( Abaikan daya geseran )
P Q
Diagram 4.1
Diagram 4.2 shows a graph of velocity against time for the motion of the car.
Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan graf halaju melawan masa bagi pergerakan kereta tersebut.
v / m s -1
Diagram 4.2
t/s
(a) What is meant by velocity?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan halaju?
. ....................……………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
6
(b) Using diagram 4.2,
Menggunakan Rajah 4.2 ,
(i) state the physical quantity represented by the area under the graph.
nyatakan kuantiti fizik yang diwakili oleh luas di bawah graf.
..……..…………………………………………………………........…………………………...
[1 mark]
( ii ) describe the motion of the car from P to Q.
huraikan gerakan kereta itu dari P ke Q.
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
( iii ) What is the distance from P to Q ?
Berapakah jarak dari P ke Q ?
[1 mark]
[2 marks]
(c) Explain why the car decelerates while moving up the slope even though it is acted upon
by a constant thrust. Give a reason for your answer.
Terangkan mengapa kereta mengalami nyahpecutan semasa menaiki cerun walaupun
tujahan enjin kerata yang bertindak adalah tetap. Beri sebab bagi jawapan anda..
……...………………………………………………….…………………………………………….
………………………………...………….………………………………………………………….
…………………………………....……………………………………………………………….
[2 marks]
5. Diagram 6.1 ( a ) shows a trolley being pulled by a constant force of F N.Then another trolley of
the same mass is placed on top and is pulled with the same force as shown in Diagram 6.1( b ).
Rajah 6.1( a ) menunjukkan sebuah troli ditarik dengan satu daya tetap F N. Kemudian
sebuah troli lain yang sama jisim diletakkan di atas troli tadi dan ditarik dengan daya yang
sama seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 6.1 ( b ).
7
(a)
(b)
Diagram 6.1
velocity / cm s-1
1 Trolley
2 Trolley
time/s
0
Diagram 6.2
Diagram 6.2 shows the motion graphs for the trolleys starting from time, t = 0.
Rajah 6.2 menunjukkan graf pergerakan bagi troli-troli yang bermula dari masa, t = 0.
..………………………………………………….…………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(b) Using the graphs from Diagram 6..2, compare the acceleration of 1 trolley and 2 trolley .
Dengan menggunakan graf pada Rajah 6.2, bandingkan pecutan 1 troli dan 2 troli .
...……………………………………………………………….……………………………………….
[1 mark]
8
(c) Using your answer for (b), state the relationship between mass and acceleration.
Dengan menggunakan jawapan anda di ( b ), nyatakan hubungan di antara jisim dengan
pecutan.
.………………………………………………………………………….…………………………..
[1 mark]
(d) Name the variable that is fixed in the relationship stated in (c).
Namakan pemboleh ubah yang dimalarkan di dalam hubungan yang dinyatakan di ( c ).
……………………………………………………………………………………………………...
[1 mark]
( e ) On the same graph of Diagram 6.2, sketch the graph for the motion of 1 trolley and 2
trolley if they are being pulled by a larger force.
Dengan menggunakan graf yang sama pada Rajah 6.2, lakarkan graf untuk pergerakan 1
troli dan 2 troli jika ditarik dengan menggunakan daya yang lebih besar.
[2 marks]
(f) Explain one application for the relationship stated in (c) in the field of motor sport.
Terangkan satu aplikasi hubungan yang dinyatakan di ( c ) di dalam bidang sukan
permotoran.
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………...
….……………………………………………………………………………………………………
…..…………………………………………………………………………………………………...
[2 marks]
6.
Diagram 7
…. .…………………………………………………………………………………………………...
...............................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
9
( b ) State two differences between rocket engine and jet engine.
Nyatakan dua perbezaan di antara enjin roket dan enjin jet.
........………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
( c ) A rocket moves with upward force of 10 000 N. The mass of the rocket is 800 kg.
( gravitational acceleration ,g = 10 N kg-1)
Sebuah roket bergerak dengan daya tujah ke atas 10 000 N. Jisim roket tersebut adalah
800 kg. ( pecutan graviti, g = 10 N kg -1 )
[2 mark]
( ii ) Calculate the acceleration of the rocket.
Hitungkan pecutan roket itu.
[2 marks]
7. ( a ) Diagram 8.1 shows a car and a lorry which has different mass approaching a zebra
crossing with same velocity 15 m s -1 .
Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan sebuah kereta dan sebuah lori yang mempunyai jisim yang
berbeza menghampiri lintasan zebra dengan halaju yang sama iaitu 15 m s -1 .
Diagram 8.1
When the drivers in the vehicles saw Siti walking across the zebra crossing, they applied
The brake at the same time. The same force was being exerted on the car as well as the
lorry until the vehicles came to a complete stop.
Bila pemandu kedua-dua kenderaan itu melihat Siti melintasi lintasan zebra, mereka
mengenakan brek dengan serentak. Daya yang sama dikenakan ke atas kedua-dua
kenderaan sehingga berhenti dengan sempurna.
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(i) What is meant by inertia ?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan inersia ?
………………………………………...…………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
( ii ) Between the car and the lorry in the Diagram 8.1, which first came to a complete
stop ?
Antara kereta dan lori di dalam Rajah 8.1,yang manakah berhenti dengan
Sempurna terlebih dahulu ?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
( iii ) Give a reason for your answer in ( a )( ii ).
Beri sebab bagi jawapan anda di ( a )( ii ).
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
( iv ) State the relationship between the mass and inertia.
Nyatakan hubungan antara jisim dan inersia.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
( v ) If the lorry travelled a distance of 375 m before it came to a stop, calculate the
deceleration when the brake was applied until it stop.
Jika lori telah bergerak sejauh 375 m sebelum ianya berhenti, hitungkan
Nyahpecutan bila brek dikenakan sehingga ia berhenti.
[2 marks]
( b ) Diagram 8.2 shows a boy jumping from a stationary boat onto the jetty. The boat moves
away from the jetty as he jumps.
Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan seorang budak lelaki melompat dari bot yang pegun ke jeti. Bot
Itu bergerak menjauhi jeti semasa budak lelaki itu melompat.
Diagram 8.2
11
(i) What is meant by momentum ?
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan momentum ?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
( ii ) State the physics principle that is involved in the movement of the boat as the boy
jumps onto the jetty.
Nyatakan prinsip fizik yang berkaitan dengan gerakan bot itu semasa budak lelaki
itu melompat ke jeti.
…………………………………...…………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]
( iii ) Explain why the boat moves away from the jetty when the boy jumps.
Terangkan mengapa bot itu bergerak menjauhi jeti semasa budak lelaki itu
melompat.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
( iv ) The mass of the boy is 48 kg and he jumps at a velocity of 2 m s -1. The mass of
The boat is 125 kg. Calculate the velocity of the boat as the boy jumps.
Jisim budak lelaki itu ialah 48 kg dan dia melompat dengan halaju 2 m s -1. Jisim
bot itu ialah 125 kg. Hitungkan halaju bot itu apabila budak lelaki itu melompat.
[2 marks]
………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
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SECTION B
Answer any one question from this section
Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.
8. A student carries out an experiment to find out the relationship between mass, m, and the
oscillation period, T, of an inertia balance. A pieceof jigsaw blade is clamped at one end
and a plasticine ball with mass 10.0 g is fixed at the oyher end. The distance from the
plasticine ball to the clamp is 20.0 cm. The arrangement of the apparatus for the
experiment is shown in Diagram below.
Seorang pelajar menjalankan eksperimen untuk mengkaji hubungan antara jisim , m, dan
tempoh ayunan T, bagi sebuah neraca inersia. Sebilah mata gergaji diapit di satu hujung
manakala hujung yang satu lagi dilekatkan dengan seketul plastisin berjisim 10.0 g.Jarak
dari plastisin ke pengapit adalah 20.0 cm. Susunan radas adalah seperti dalam rajah di
bawah
The jigsaw blade is displaced horizontally to one side and then released so that it
oscillates.The time for 10 oscillations, t1, is taken using a stop watch. The jigsaw blade is
oscillated again to obtain the time for 10 oscillations,t2, for the second time. The actual
readings of t1and t2 are sh own in Diagram 7(ii).
Bilah gergaji ditarik ke satu arah secara mendatar kemudian dilepaskan supaya ia
berayun. Masa bagi 10 ayunan t1 diambil menggunakan jam randik. Bilah gergaji terus
berayun dan masa bagi 10 ayunan seterusnya, t2 diambil. Bacaan sebenar bagi t1 and t2
ditunjukkan dalam rajah 7(ii)
The experiment is repeated by using plasticine balls with masses 20.0 g, 30.0 g, 40.0 g
and 50.0 g. The readings of stop watch are shown in Figure 7(iii), 7(iv), 7(v), and 7(vi).
The period of oscillation,T, of the jigsaw blade is given by the following equation:
tmean
T= where t mean = t1 + t2
10
2
Eksperimen diulang dengan menggunakan plastisin berjisim 20.0g, 30.0g, 40.0g and 50.0g.
Bacaan jam randik diyunjukkan dalam rajah 7(ii), 7(iii), 7(iv), 7(v) and 7(vi). Tempoh ayunan
T, bagi bilah gergaji diberikan sebagai
13
First reading Diagram 7(ii) Second reading
Mass of load = 10.0 g
15
(b) Based on diagram 7(ii), 7(iii), 7(iv), 7(v), 7(vi) determine t1 , t2 , tmean,
T and T2 when m is equal to 10.0g, 20.0g, 30.0g, 40.0g and
50.0g.Tabulate your result for t1 , t2 , tmean, T and T2 for each value
of m in the space below.
Berdasarkan rajah 7(ii), 7(iii), 7(iv), 7(v) and 7(vi) tentukan nilai t1,
t2, tmean, T dan T2 bagi nilai m sama dengan 10.0g, 20.0g, 30.0g
40.0g dan 50.0g . Catat keputusan t1, t2, tmean, T dan T2 bagi setiap
nilai m dalam ruang di bawah.
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SECTION C
Soalan 9.
Base on Figure 12(a) and 12(b), a lorry driver finds it difficult to get the lorry moving when it is fully
loaded compared to an empty lorry. He also finds it is difficult to stop for a fully loaded lorry
compared to an empty one. Bsed on the above situation,
Berdasarkan rajah 12(a) dan rajah 12(b), pemandu lori mendapati amat sukar untuk menggerakkan
lori ketika muatan penuh berbanding lori kosong. Dia juga mendapati amat susah untuk
memberhentikan lori yang penuh muatan berbanding lori kosong. Berdasarkan situasi ini,
Figure 13
17
(c) Figure 13 shows a car moving at constant velocity.
Rajah13 menunjukkan sebuah kereta sedang bergerak dengan halaju malar.
(c) The car in figure 13 is moving with a constant velocity. State the forces
acting on the car. What is the relationship between the forces?
Kereta dalam Rajah 13 sedang bergerak dengan halaju malar.
Nyatakan daya-daya yang bertindak ke atas kereta itu.
Apakah hubungkait di antaradaya-daya tersebut. [4 marks]
10. As shown in figure 14a and figure 14b , a force F acts upon a block of mass 5.5 kg on a
frictionless surface at an angle θ to the horizontal.
Seperti ditunjukkan dalam rajah14(a) dan rajah 14(b), suatu daya F bertindak ke atas
sebuah bongkah berjisim 5.5 kg di atas permukaan yang licin.dengan sudut θ daripada
permukaan mendatar.
F θ
Diagram 14
(a) (i) What is meant by force? [1 mark]
Apakah maksud daya?
18
(iii) What is the horizontal accelerationof the block in figure 14b
if the angle θ is equal to 18˚ and the magnitude of F is equal to 8 N?
[3 marks]
Berapakah pecutan arah mengufuk bagi bongkah
rajah 14(b) jika sudut θ adalah 18˚ dan magnitude daya F adalah 8 N?
(b) (i) What is the minimum value of F to lift up the block if the
angle is kept at 18˚ ? [3 marks]
Apakah nilai minimum bagi F untuk (lift up) bongkah jika
sudut masih kekal 18˚ ?
(c) A car of mass 1 000 kg is moving with a velocity of 15 ms on a straight road. When
the car is braked and stop in 5 seconds, calculate ;
Sebuah kereta berjisim 1000 kg sedang bergerak dengan halaju 15 ms di atas jalan
lurus. Bila brek ditekan, kereta berhenti dalam masa 5 saat. Hitungkan
19
Jawapan Kertas peperiksaan Fizik 4 Tahun 2008.
1. a (i) Ratchet
(ii) To avoid tightening the screw too much
b. + 0.02 mm
c. (i) 4.26 mm
(ii) 4.26 – ( 0.02 ) = 4.24 mm
d. Absolute error = 0.5 ( 0.01 mm) = 0.005 mm
Relative error = 0.005/ 4.24 X 100% = 0.12 % atau 0.1 %
e. (i) Micrometer screw gauge is an accurate measuring instrument.
(ii) Because its relative erroe is small i.e. 0.1 %
iii) 50 m (1)
iv) 5 - 10 (1)
3
- 1.67 ms -2 @ Deceleration is 1.67 ms -2 (1)
Total = 8 marks
20
5. (a) Rate of change of velocity (1)
(c) The acceleration of an object decreases when its mass increases (1)
2 trolley (2)
2 trolley
t/s
(f)
*Racing car (1)
*Acceleration increases when its mass decreases ( same engine capacity ) (1)
Total = 8 marks
6. (a) (i)
Upthrust (1)
Weight (1)
21
(ii) * Upthrust is bigger than weight (1)
* because the rocket accelerates upwards (1)
2 000 N (1)
Total = 10 marks
7 (a) (i) The tendency of an object at rest to remain at rest, or if moving, to continue its uniform
motion in a straight line. (1)
(iii) The car has a smaller mass @ The car has a smaller inertia (1)
(iv) The inertia of an object increases when its mass increases (1)
(v) 0 2 - 15 2
2(375) (1)
- 30 ms -2 @ Deceleration is 30 ms -2 (1)
(iii) Momentum of the boy (towards) is the same as momentum of the boat (backwards) (1)
v = 0.77 ms -1 (1)
Total = 12 marks
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8.
(a)
(i) Mass of plasticine, m (1)
(ii) Period of oscillation, T (1)
(ii) Length of hacksaw blade (1)
(b)
m/g t1/s t2/s t mean/s T/s T2/s2
10.0 4.0 4.2 4.1 0.41 0.17
20.0 5.4 5.2 5.3 0.53 0.28
30.0 6.8 7.0 6.9 0.69 0.48
40.0 8.0 8.2 8.1 0.81 0.66
50.0 8.8 9.0 8.9 0.89 0.79
(c)
- title of graph, name and unit of y axis and name and unit of x-axis (1)
- suitable scale for y-axis and x-axis (1)
- points are correctly transferred ( 1 mark/point x 5 point) (5)
- best balanced graph (1)
-smooth curve (1)
9.
(a) Inertia (2)
(b)
Inertia of an object depends on mass. (2)
When mass increases, inertia increases or vice versa (2)
(c)
(i) Unchanged/fixed rate of change of displacement (2)
(ii)
Air bag (1) : protect the driver by increasing time of impact/decreasing impulsive force (1)
Safety belt (1): hold the driver and increasing time of impact (1)
Longer/softer crumple zone(1) : increases time of impact (1)
Side impact bar (1) : increases time of impact (1)
*Others suitable answers are also accepted
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10 (a)
(i) Force is physics quantity that can change the states of motion and shape of an object (1)
(ii) F=ma, a = F/m = 8/5.5 = 1.45 ms-2 (2)
(iii) 8 x cos 18O = 5.5 x a (1) , a = 1.38 ms-2 (2)
(b)
(i) Minimum force to lift up the block = 8 x sin 18O = 2.47 N (3)
(ii) No. The vertical component, FsinΘ is always balanced by the weight of the block.(3)
(c)
(ii) F = ma
F = 1000 x (- 3) (Correct substitution) (1)
F = - 3000 N (Correct unit) (2)
(iii) v2 = u2 + 2as
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