STATIC PRESSURE CALCULATION SHEET

Disclaimer!! USE THIS AT YOUR OWN RISK! HIRE A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER to design, specify, test, and certify performance o collection system if you have a commercial or an industrial application, allergies, other medical problems, people work you, a large shop, work with hazardous materials, or are subject to regulatory oversight. Don Beale, Bill Pentz, American and all other references and links cannot be held liable for this calculation's applicability to your specific situation.

Warning this is only an approximation! This information provides small shop woodworkers with a better sense of what they need to collect the wood dust in their shops. calculations are approximations based upon values from industrial fittings, pipes and dust hoods which may be significantly diffe what you may use. Moreover, these calculations also require you to add in other known large losses such as those that occur wi of separators (trashcan or cyclone) and filters.

Introduction: We built and shared this calculator because most small shop woodworkers don't realize how much their duct size impacts dust collection. Most wrongly think of their dust collector as a huge shop vacuum and that causes all kinds of problems. shop vacuum that can lift a column of water 35" or more, the blowers used in dust collection generate only a tiny fraction of that Air at dust collector blower pressures will barely compress air at all, so almost any small pipe, bend , wye fitting, small port, restri other obstruction will act just like a partially opened water valve and kill our airflow. This leaves us with two choices. We can add horsepower and larger blower until we overcome all that resistance or design a system with minimal resistance to permit us to us smallest, most cost efficient blower.

Tool Modifications: To meet government air quality mandates that went into effect in the late eighties, the major suppliers of du collection equipment had to take a fresh look at dust collection. Until then dust collection meant keeping shop floors clear of the chips that would otherwise be swept up with a broom. These firms found that to also ensure collecting the fine airborne dust they collect the dust right at the source, meaning each tool as the dust was made. If they let the fine airborne dust escape into the air hours for a good exhaust fan or air cleaner to bring the dust levels down to low enough to meet government standards. They fou the air streams from our tool blades, bits, cutters, belts, motor fans, etc. from spraying this fine dust all over, they had to redo alm stationary tool. Almost all required a new hood, larger ports, internal ducting, and sometimes new pannels. Small shop owners m similar changes to our tools if we want good fine dust collection.

Dust Collection Air Flow Requirements: The major dust collection suppliers also did the testing to determine what was neede fine dust collection. We need enough airspeed to move the dust and enough air volume to carry the dust. Air engineers long ago that it takes an air speed of roughly 3700 feet per minute (FPM) to move the chips and heavier sawdust up vertical ducting. The airborne dust only required moving about 50 FPM, so no additional air speed was needed for good fine dust collection. Most sus air volume would be small as well, so existing systems would work just fine. The testing showed a totally different story. If a tool w from the ground up with good fine dust collection engineered in to protect and control the fine dust until it can be collected, a goo vacuum that only moves 50 cubic feet per minute (CFM) provides good fine dust collection. Unfortunately, in our real world most shop owners buy older and hobbyist tools that have little to no fine dust collection built in. Our larger tools are identical to smalle commercial tools that air engineers found almost all need modified and then supplied with about 800 CFM air volume to provide dust collection. At first this does not make sense because it takes almost double the volume of air to collect fine dust that takes a fraction as mu airspeed to move. We already know this is true if we think about using our shop vacuums. They only pick up right next to the inle because sucked air comes from all directions at once causing airspeed to decrease at roughly pi times the cube of the distance inlet. A monster 800 CFM dust collector blower that moves 4000 FPM right next to the inlet, moves less than the 50 FPM we nee overcome the room air currents and collect the fine dust just nine inches away! To keep commercial shops from being closed du indoor air quality air engineers had to roughly double the total airflow plus redo most machine hoods, ports and internal ducting. shop owners must do the same if we want good fine dust collection. Moreover, many woodworking unions and doctors now say t standards are too low because workers keep getting ill, most hobbyists should build their dust collection systems to provide 1000
Click here to see the Exhaust Requirements for Woodworking Document Click here to see the Exhaust Hoods samples

Basic System Design: There are two real ways to design your dc system in order to get optimum results.

1) Commercial: Size your ducting/dc for the total requirements of the entire shop with NO BLAST GATES all. Air engineers des commercial dust collection systems with all ducting runs are open at once to collect the dust from all machines running at the sa All ductwork drops are sized to provide the minimum cfm requirements for each machine. The main becomes a collection of eve sized pipes sized to meet the CFM of all downstream ductwork. The Air Laws show us that to double the airflow we need eight t power. Just a two person shop running a couple of runs at the same time requires a 10 hp motor turning a huge 18" diameter blo impeller. Motors this big normally only work with three-phase power, require commercial instead of residential incoming power, a much heavier wiring than found in most residences.

2) Small Shop: Most small shop owners cannot build dust collection systems similar to commercial systems because we lack th service, wiring, and don't want to pay the cost to buy or run a huge motor. As a result, our systems are designed to use the sma more efficient blowers that can only collect from one machine at a time. All other ducting runs are closed off with blast gates. us use a blower just big enough to meet the airflow needed for fine dust collection at their largest machine and highest resistanc run. We should size our ducting and dust collector for our max cfm requirements at our largest machine and size the ductwork fo longest possible run. This will allow only one machine at a time but there will be no build up and all dust and lets you move mach around without needing to buy a bigger blower and motor.

Main Duct: If you want the most possible CFM you need the biggest duct you can get that keeps the air velocity ample to keep t moving instead of clogging your ducting. Most hobbyist vendors sell 4" dust collection duct and flex hose as their standard. This to collect chips, but strangles the airflow needed for good fine dust collection. A typical 2 hp hobbyist dust collector with a 12" dia impeller moves a maximum of about 1200 CFM, but a 4" duct airflow drops that airflow to only about 450 CFM. It takes a 5 hp m turning a 16.5" diameter impeller to force a 4" duct to carry 800 CFM. Most prefer a less expensive solution. In addition to mainta airflow, our blowers must keep the duct airspeed high enough so we don't get plugging or piles of wood dust. Dust piles in ducts hazard and ruin both blowers and filters when they break loose and go slamming around. Air engineers found designing for a du of 4000 FPM keeps the ducting clear. Because FPM=CFM/duct size, a little math shows we need 6" diameter ducting to move 8 4000 FPM. Most hobbyists need all 6" hoods, 6" main ducting lines, and 6" down drops.

Down Drops: Commercial dust collection systems size each down drop to carry just the air needed for good collection for each tool. They also use many different sized ducting runs for the mains to keep the airspeed ample to avoid plugging and piles. This being so complex that most ducting engineers use commercial programs to compute all the ducting sizes, parts, etc. Sadly, a nu firms now offer similar services to hobbyists using these same commercial programs. The results are a nightmare because any t use a down drop smaller than our main in a one ducting run open at a time hobbyist system, the small down drop strangles our n airflow. A 4" down drop connected to a 6" main looks pretty and appears to work well, but drops the main airspeed to under 2500 immediately building up dangerous dust piles that can grow huge. These piles pose a serious fire hazard and when the airflow g restored, these piles break loose and slam into things potentially ruining motor bearings, impellers, and your filters.

Blast Gates: Normally we put a blast gate as close as we can to the main for each machine to leave the least possible pipe to b piles when their runs are not open. Putting the blast gate down low lets lots of debris build up in the pipe. When the gate gets op material can slam around potentially ruining blowers and especially filters.

Return Duct: If there will be return duct moving the cleaned air back inside your shop from an outside cyclone, it only needs to p 2000 FPM speed. To determine that return duct size simply select the size to run at 2000 FPM or less with your max CFM mach it in each branch calc. The same applies when sizing the return for a cyclone or muffler.

Tool Ports: It takes one 6" port to support the 800 CFM required for most larger hobbyist machines. For machines with two pick hobbyists should generally use a wye that splits their 6" ducting into two runs. The smaller should use 3.5" diameter ducting and larger should use 5" ducting connected to a 5" port. This combination maintains the same area as the 6" main to prevent airflow restrictions, plugging, dust piles, and poor dust collection. Generally, we have to modify our hobbyist tools to add the 3.5", 5", an Dust collectors do not have enough pressure to provide good fine dust collection for tools that cannot be modified to have at lea diameter ports. Tools with smaller ports require use of a shop vacuum that generates at least 60" of pressure to force the air col needed plus often a movable hood and downdraft table.

Resistance Calculation: Small shop owners only use one ducting run open at a time, so we size our systems based upon what power our largest need. Knowing that most will move their machines around over time, it is best to figure what it takes to power o machine overhead and our longest ducting run. The longer the hose and the more bends and fittings we use in our ducting runs machine collection, the higher the pressure drop and bigger blower it will take. Hobbyists need to calculate the the resistance of with the most hoods and ducting overhead, then add to that the resistance of all the pipe and fittings in their largest ducting run, add the other overhead resistance including cyclone, muffler, and filters. That total resistance corrected for air flow loss gives the pressure drop in our system. We use that total worst case resistance with a standard engineering fan table to size our blower mo impeller diameter. This simple resistance calculator helps you work through what you need for your own shop. Assumptions, comments, and notes:
These loss factors are based on the following assumptions:

1 The system is made of 3.5", 4", 5", 6", 7" or 8" metal dust collection ducting and nothing smaller than 3.5" duct will be use anywhere because we know that would kill the airflow from our blower needed for fine dust collection. 2 Loss factors are based on metal with a roughness factor .0005 feet 3 Pipe loss factor based on 4000 FPM. 4 One VP acceleration factor is included in the hood entry. 5 Hood entry loss is for a flanged pipe entry. OTHERS VARY - SEE FAQ 6 90 loss factor is for smooth stamped steel, R/D = 2.0 7 Wye loss factor is for a 30-degtree branch entry, on a 15-degree taper (where it is reduced). 8 Flex pipe losses vary - SEE FAQ 9 8", 10", and 12" loss factors are for furnace pipe, to be used on RETURN ONLY. 10 Transition losses are not included. 11 Any wye connection that does not result in the outlets being of equal or larger area than the incoming main will kill airflow an should not be used with this static pressure calculator. 12 THIS SHEET WILL TELL YOU WHAT THE LOSSES ARE; IT WILL NOT TELL YOU WHAT IS REASONABLE!!! For exampl input 10000 CFM, the 4" velocity goes to 114592 FPM, which is 1302 MPH. And the hood entry alone in a 4" branch goes to water, which is 44 PSI. 13 This sheet assumes that the total area of the duct below the blast gate roughly equals the area of the main. Use of a smaller less area can increase the overall resistance ten fold or more Instructions: READ THE EXAMPLE PROBLEM! THIS IS REQUIRED!!! From a CFM Requirements table Input the CFM required for our largest tool (normally 800 or 1000). Input the target air velocity in FPM for your ducting (4000 for sawdust and 2000 FPM for clean air) This immediately calculates the most efficient optimum duct diameter. Run the calculation for only your longest, most complex branch from the hood to the collector. Input 1 for the number of hoods under the correct duct diameter column. Enter the total number of bends counting 0.5 for each 45 degree and 1.0 for each full 90. Enter the number of wye connections where the airflow splits equally, e.g. 6" to 6" and 6". Input in the total number of feet of straight duct measured on a centerline through the fittings. Return can be added in to each run and it will be included in the total drop. See the sample problem.

CFM Required:
Ducting: Duct Diameter Inches Duct Radius Duct Area Sq. Inches Duct Area Sq. Feet Calculated CFM Delivered CFM Calulated. Velocity, FPM Delivered. Velocity, FPM Hoods:

800

Target Air Velocity Optimum Duct Diameter 5

2.5 19.635 0.1364

4000 6.06 7
3.5 38.485 0.2673

3.5
1.75 9.621 0.0668

4
2 12.566 0.0873

6
3 28.274 0.1963

8
4 50.265 0.3491

267 267 11974 4000

349 349 9167 4000

545 545 5867 4000

785 785 4074 4000

1069 800 2993 2993

1396 800 2292 2292

# of 90's: # of Wyes: Ft. of Straight Pipe: Ft. of Flex pipe: Other: Trashcan Separator S.P. Cyclone S.P. Filters S.P. Muffler S.P. Other S.P. Enter 4.5" if used

1.5 1 23 1.5

3.5 0.5 0.15 2.32

Enter 4.5" for Wood Mag. & Similar, 3.5" with neutral vane, 3.0" with air ramp, and 2.25" for Pent

Std. Bag =2.5", <5 Micron Bags=1", 225 sq ft filer=0.5", 300 sq ft filter=0.3", 450 sq ft filter=0.25" filter=0.2" Muffler=0.15"

TOTAL SP LOSS:
SUBTOTAL LOSSES: 3.5" diameter Hood: 0.00 90's: 0.00 Wye: 0.00 Pipe: 0.00 Flex: 0.00 Subtotal losses: 0.00

8.16
4" diameter 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

inches WC 5" diameter 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Note: if SP over 12" you need to use bigger diameter pi 6" diameter 0.00 0.32 0.18 0.99 0.19 1.69 7" Diameter 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8" diameter 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Example

Note that when the spreadsheet is first loaded, it has the values filled in for this example. The following steps show how we got these numbe

For starters, it is useful to have a sketched layout of your shop, with the tools in place, and the centerlines of all the ducts run. Ideally we wa the shortest runs, with the least number of bends and with the right sized ducting. Practically, because equipment will change and move aro need to create a system that is flexible and will permit changes. The best compromise is centering the dust collector as much as possible th either a center main or a pair of mains on opposite walls. In this example, we have a 20 x 20 shop. Power concerns forced us to put the cyc centered on the east wall and run an 18' long duct down the center of the shop.

By placing our cyclone right at the end of this duct run we only need a single 45 degree elbow and 1.5' of 6" flex hose to connect the cyclone main. The flex hose helps control noise by not allowing our ducting to serve as a sounding board, plus it makes our connection easier.

In this example shop neither the planer run nor the radial arm saw run is ample to size our system. The ducting run to our planer longest possible for this shop and our radial arm saw has the most overhead. The planer overhead is small because it uses a sim 6" port. The radial arm saw needs both a sweep up hood plus flex hose blade guard pickup hood. Figuring out the maximum f shop requires finding your largest resistance tool (normally the one with the most hoods and the most small hoses), ca the resistance for the longest run, then adding the resistance for the tool with the highest ducting resistance plus the o of your separator, cyclone, and filters.

Radial Arm Saw Ducting Size: The CFM Requirements Table shows our RAS only needs 500 CFM. If we input that 500 CFM f required airflow, then our calculator wrongly tells us we should use a 5" down drop to this machine. If we were building a comme ducting solution where all ducts are left open with a blower big enough to power all at once, that would be the correct sizing for th drop. In a hobbyist system where we only power a single run at a time, we instead must use the same sized pipe as our mains. T enter 500 CFM in our calculator for the required CFM. It immediately computes a need for 5" ducting and shows the airspeed in main drops to only 2546 FPM. We need close to 4000 FPM to keep uphill runs from plugging and to avoid building up dust piles mains hobbyist need 6" down drops to each machine.

For our RAS and many other tools such as our table saw, band saw, etc., we end up splitting the down drop into two collection p picked the RAS for this example because it has one of the highest ducting overheads of any hobbyist tool. For the RAS we have hood that sits behind the blade and a smaller flex hose that attaches to the blade guard. To keep from killing airflow by restrictin of ducting, the area of these two ducts must be very close to the same area as our 6" diameter down drop duct, roughly 28 1/4 s inches. The following table shows ducting areas, so you can pick a combination of offshoots that come close to the same area a main. We ideally would split our 6" main into a 5" and a 3.5" because adding the areas of the 5" and 3.5" runs almost ex equals the area of the 6" duct. Practically, going with 5" and 4" makes more sense because 3.5" flex hose is so difficult For this duct to work with our machines we also often have to change out the origingal too small machine chip collection ports. F RAS this requires making a 3.5" port on the blade guard and a 5" back connection on the rear pickup hood.

CFM Starting Duct Size Duct Area with 6" pipe Inches Square Inches at 800 CFM 1 0.79 22.2 2 3.14 88.9 2.5 4.91 138.9 3 7.07 200.0 3.5 9.62 272.2 4 12.57 355.6 5 19.63 555.6 6 28.27 800.0 7 38.48 800.0 8 50.27 800.0

Even with the right sizing, dual port machines may still need further adjustment to keep a larger duct from stealing all t from a smaller! Any size variation, constriction in the tool, and even resistance of the different hoses will significantly alter how goes to each collection point. Proper balancing can require use of a wye with a baffle to direct the airflow and dual gauges to en airflow to both legs.

From the above RAS ducting picture taken from the ducting hoods section of these web pages, you see a 6" main going into a w splits off the 5" for the rear sweep up hood and a 3.5" for the blade guard. The RAS hood turns up on the wall with a 90 degree, the wall, and enters the wye. The 3.5" flex hose is 5' long and enters the other leg of the wye. We then go from that 6" wye with 5 straight pipe to the main.

Highest Resistance Tool: Based upon the above discussion we now need to enter in 3.5" column 1 hood and 5' of flex. In the 5 enter 1 hood, 1 each 90 elbow, and 3' of pipe. In the 6" size column add 1 more 90 degree elbow (2 each 45s)'s and add 5' of st pipe. This gives us 4.62" of total resistance, so the average resistance is half that or about 2.32" w.c. When we split a down drop average instead of add the resistance values.

Longest Ducting Run: Our scaled drawing shows the longest run starts at the cyclone with 1.5' of flex hose, 18' of straight duct degree elbow, 5' of straight pipe, another 45 degree elbow, blast gate, and 5' of straight pipe going down to a final wye before sp the upper and lower collection hose. Since we already calculated the overhead after the wye, we will just calculate up to and incl wye. This leaves us entering in the 6" column no hoods, 1.5 for 90 degree elbows, 23' of straight pipe duct, 1 wye, and 1.5' of fle a total ducting resistance of 1.69" w.c.

Overhead: Now to this we enter 3.5" for an average cyclone with neutral vane, 0.5" for under 225 square feet of filter, and 0.15" muffler that sits between the blower and filters. To this we must add our 2.32" oof overhead for our largest tool to give a total duc resistance for the longest run of 8.16" w.c. total.

Hobbyist Solution: Standard engineering fmaterial movement fan tables let us use our 800 CFM and 8.16" pressure requireme the minimum sized blower we need. The below table shows our 8" of resistance requires about 2.18 hp with a 13" diameter imp about 890 CFM. This is why I say almost all average small shops will burn up 2 hp motors unless the airflow is restricted our needed 800 CFM. Because impellers are made in even inch increments for larger than 12" in diameter there are almost no sources for 13" impellers. Bumping up to a 14" impeller with an open short run on a minimal resistance tool only pulls about 5" re generating a need for over 4.4 hp which will quickly burn up even a 3 hp motor. Most hobbyist cyclone vendors offer 7" mains an powered by 2 and 3 hp motors. These motors burn up quickly unless they kill our airflow to well under 800 CFM. Most do so by u down drops. Although a nice advertising ploy that shows very high CFM maximum numbers, a far smarter solution that moves m provides better separation is to use a real 5 hp motor with a custom made 15" impeller, exactly as recommended for my cyclone

Commercial Solution: If we were building a commercial system we would add up the CFM requirements for every machine and would tell us how many CFM our blower would need to produce. We would likewise total the resistance of every ducting run and ducting to tell us how much resistance our blower would have to overcome. For this simple two machine shop, the total comes o 1300 CFM at 18" of resistance. This requirement goes right off our hobbyist fan table scale and puts us into a commercial table. the Cincinnati Fan, Inc. table we need 5.9 hp that requires a 7.5 hp motor turning a 16.5" diameter impeller to provide concurren collection on these two tools at once.

April 13, 2012 D. Beale/B.Pentz Version 9.3 -- 1/03/06

st, and certify performance of any dust dical problems, people working for Don Beale, Bill Pentz, American Air Filter, pecific situation.

ct the wood dust in their shops. These which may be significantly different than es such as those that occur with the use

alize how much their duct size and layout t causes all kinds of problems. Unlike a rate only a tiny fraction of that suction. d , wye fitting, small port, restriction, or with two choices. We can add mal resistance to permit us to use the

hties, the major suppliers of dust eeping shop floors clear of the dust and cting the fine airborne dust they had to rborne dust escape into the air, it took overnment standards. They found to keep st all over, they had to redo almost every pannels. Small shop owners must make

g to determine what was needed for good he dust. Air engineers long ago learned wdust up vertical ducting. The fine d fine dust collection. Most suspected the totally different story. If a tool was built t until it can be collected, a good shop tunately, in our real world most small ger tools are identical to smaller 800 CFM air volume to provide good fine

dust that takes a fraction as much nly pick up right next to the inlet. This is times the cube of the distance from the s less than the 50 FPM we need to ial shops from being closed due to poor ds, ports and internal ducting. Small g unions and doctors now say the current ection systems to provide 1000 CFM.

T GATES all. Air engineers design all machines running at the same time. in becomes a collection of ever bigger uble the airflow we need eight times the turning a huge 18" diameter blower f residential incoming power, and require

al systems because we lack the power ms are designed to use the smaller, much are closed off with blast gates. This lets machine and highest resistance ducting achine and size the ductwork for the ll dust and lets you move machines

the air velocity ample to keep the dust ex hose as their standard. This works well yist dust collector with a 12" diameter out 450 CFM. It takes a 5 hp motor e solution. In addition to maintaining that wood dust. Dust piles in ducts pose a fire neers found designing for a duct speed 6" diameter ducting to move 800 CFM at

ed for good collection for each specific avoid plugging and piles. This ends up ng sizes, parts, etc. Sadly, a number of are a nightmare because any time we mall down drop strangles our needed he main airspeed to under 2500 FPM hazard and when the airflow gets s, and your filters.

ave the least possible pipe to build up he pipe. When the gate gets opened this

tside cyclone, it only needs to provide less with your max CFM machine. Leave

es. For machines with two pickups, use 3.5" diameter ducting and port. The s the 6" main to prevent airflow yist tools to add the 3.5", 5", and 6" ports. nnot be modified to have at least 3.5" of pressure to force the air collection

our systems based upon what it takes to o figure what it takes to power our largest ngs we use in our ducting runs and calculate the the resistance of our tool ngs in their largest ducting run, and then rected for air flow loss gives the worst fan table to size our blower motor and ur own shop.

maller than 3.5" duct will be used collection.

).

e incoming main will kill airflow and they

T IS REASONABLE!!! For example if you entry alone in a 4" branch goes to 1220"

area of the main. Use of a smaller duct with

or 1000). ean air)

or.

gs. problem.

10
5 78.540 0.5454

12
6 113.097 0.7854

2182 800 1467 1467

3142 800 1019 1019

" with air ramp, and 2.25" for Pentz cyclone ft filter=0.3", 450 sq ft filter=0.25", 600 sq ft

ou need to use bigger diameter pipe! 10" diameter 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12" diameter 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

ps show how we got these numbers.

of all the ducts run. Ideally we want to create uipment will change and move around, we t collector as much as possible then running concerns forced us to put the cyclone

6" flex hose to connect the cyclone to the akes our connection easier.

m. The ducting run to our planer is the d is small because it uses a simple single Figuring out the maximum for any nd the most small hoses), calculating ducting resistance plus the overhead

FM. If we input that 500 CFM for our e. If we were building a commercial would be the correct sizing for this down ame sized pipe as our mains. To see why ing and shows the airspeed in the 6" to avoid building up dust piles. With 6"

down drop into two collection pipes. We byist tool. For the RAS we have a pick up from killing airflow by restricting the area own drop duct, roughly 28 1/4 square come close to the same area as the he 5" and 3.5" runs almost exactly e 3.5" flex hose is so difficult to find. machine chip collection ports. For our kup hood.

arger duct from stealing all the flow oses will significantly alter how much air airflow and dual gauges to ensure ample

ou see a 6" main going into a wye that p on the wall with a 90 degree, goes 3' up then go from that 6" wye with 5' of

n 1 hood and 5' of flex. In the 5" column (2 each 45s)'s and add 5' of straight w.c. When we split a down drop we

of flex hose, 18' of straight duct pipe, a 45 g down to a final wye before splitting into will just calculate up to and including that pipe duct, 1 wye, and 1.5' of flex hose for

square feet of filter, and 0.15" for the ur largest tool to give a total ducting

and 8.16" pressure requirement to pick .18 hp with a 13" diameter impeller to get nless the airflow is restricted to below n diameter there are almost no affordable ance tool only pulls about 5" resistance lone vendors offer 7" mains and cyclones nder 800 CFM. Most do so by using small smarter solution that moves more air and recommended for my cyclone design.

rements for every machine and that total tance of every ducting run and machine achine shop, the total comes out to about uts us into a commercial table. Checking r impeller to provide concurrent fine dust