Secondary 2 Mathematics Lesson 29: Worksheet

Name: ___________________________________ Date: ______________________

Lesson 29: Statistics: Dot Diagrams and Stem-and-leaf Diagram, Mean, Median and Mode Practise and Discuss Answer all the questions before your teacher go through them in class.

TOTAL 40

Practice 1 The masses (in grams) of some apples in a box are presented in the following dot diagram. a) How many apples are there in the box. (1 mark) b) Find the number of apples whose masses are more than 120g. (1 mark) c) Briefly describe the distribution of the masses of apples. (2 marks) Solution: a) b) c) 18 apples 14 apples The mass of the apples varies from 90g to 120g. The mass of apples cluster around 140g to 160g.
Dot diagram for the masses of apples

90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190

Mass (g)

Practice 2 The stem-and-leaf plot shows the speeds of some vehicles as they pass through a traffic junction. a) Find the number of observations recorded. (1 mark) b) What is the difference between the maximum and minimum speeds. (1 mark) c) What is the percentage of vehicles with speed exceeding 70 km/h? (2 marks) Solution: a) b) 20 observations were recorded Maximum speed recorded 99 km/h Minimum speed recorded 44 km/h 99 44 = 55 km/h Difference Number of vehicles with speed exceeding 70 km/h 9 9 100 = 45% Percentage 20
Stem 4 5 6 7 8 9 Leaf 4 8 3 4 7 2 2 5 7 7 0 1 2 6 6 9 2 2 8 9

c)

Key: 4 4 means 44 km/h

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Secondary 2 Mathematics Lesson 29: Worksheet Practice 3 The data set is as given: {7, 8, 13, 2, 11, 8, 6, 8, 11, 13, 1} a) Find the mean b) Find the median c) Find the mode Solution: a) Sum of the data 7 + 8 + 13 + + 1 = 88 Number of data 11 Mean 88 11 = 8 b) {1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 8, 8, 11, 11, 13, 13} 11 + 1 = 6th Since there is odd number of data 2 The 6th number on the arranged data is 8. Since 8 appears the most number of times, 8 is the mode of the data. Arrange the data in ascending order

(2 marks) (2 marks) (1 mark)

c)

Practice 4 The data set is as given: {13, 20, 15, 28, 30, 18, 15, 31, 43, 17} a) Find the mean b) Find the median c) Find the mode Solution: a) Sum of the data 13 + 20 + 15 + + 17 = 230 Number of data 10 Mean 230 10 = 23 b)

(2 marks) (2 marks) (1 mark)

{13, 15, 15, 17, 18, 20, 28, 30, 31, 43} 10 + 1 Since there is even number of data = 5 .5 2 We take the average of the 5th (18) and 6th (20) number. 18 + 20 The average of the 5th and 6th number on the arranged data is = 19 2 Since 15 appears the most number of times, 15 is the mode of the data.

Arrange the data in ascending order

c)

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Secondary 2 Mathematics Lesson 29: Worksheet Practice 5 The mean of four numbers a, b, c and 10 is 20 and the mean of four numbers a, b, d and 15 is 18. Find the difference of c and d. (3 marks) Solution: Sum of a, b, c and 10 is (20 x 4) = 80 Hence a + b + c = 80 10 = 70 Sum of a, b, d and 15 is (18 x 4) = 72 Hence a + b + d = (72 15) = 57 (a + b + c) (a + b + d) = 70 57 = 13

Practice 6 a) The median of the data set {7, 23, 5, 25, 29, x, 17, 28} is 24. Find the value of x. (2 marks) b) The mean of a set of nine numbers is 4 and the mean of another set of five numbers is y. If the mean of the combined set of fourteen number is 10, find the value of y. (3 marks) Solution: a) Arrange the numbers (excluding x) in ascending order. {5, 7, 17, 23, 25, 28, 29} Since there are 8 numbers (even) in total, the median value is the average of the 4th and 5th number. Since the median value is 24, 23 must be the 4th number. Thus x is the 5th number and x = 25.

b)

Sum of the nine numbers Sum of the five numbers Sum of fourteen numbers Mean = (36 + 5y) 14 10 = (36 + 5y) 14 140 = 36 + 5y 104 = 5y y = 20.8

9 x 4 = 36 5 x y = 5y 36 + 5y

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Secondary 2 Mathematics Lesson 29: Worksheet Practice 7 The height of two groups of students are presented in a stem-and-leaf diagram as shown below.

Leaves for A 5 2 2 9 8 8 1 7 6 2 7 5 5 5 8 1 1

Stem 12 13 14 15 16 17

Leaves for B 1 4 0 8 3 3 6 7 7 0 0 0 5 9 2 9 0
This is a back-to-back stem diagram. Do take note that the leaves for A are arranged in ascending order from right to left. The leaves for B are arranged in order from left to right.

Key: 12 1 means 121 cm

a) b) Find the modal and median height of the students in (i) Group A (ii) Group B (4 marks) Find the ratio of the number of students whose height is more than 150 cm in Group A to Group B. (2 marks)

Solution: a) Group A Mode 165 cm There is an odd number of data, Median is the 9th number. Median = 156 cm Group B Mode 150 cm There is an odd number of data, Median is the 9th number. Median = 147 cm b) Number of students Group A whose height less than 150 cm Number of students Group B whose height less than 150 cm Ratio 10 : 5 2:1 10 5

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Secondary 2 Mathematics Lesson 29: Worksheet Practice 8 The age of the workers in 2 companies are presented in two different dot diagrams below. a) Find the mean and median age of the workers in (i) Company A (ii) Company B (4 marks) b) 20% of the oldest workers in the 2 companies will get a extra bonus of $500. Find the minimum age of the workers that will receive the $500 in (i) Company A (ii) Company B (2 marks) c) Analyse and compare the two dot diagrams. What conclusion can you draw. (3 marks) Solution: a) Company A: Sum of data: 22 x 6 + 24 x 2 + 40 + 42 = 262 Number of data: 10 Mean: 262 10 = 26.2 There is an even number of data, We will take the average of the 5th and 6th number. Median = 22 Company B: Sum of data: 22 x 3 + 24 + + 34 = 262 Number of data: 10 Mean: 262 10 = 26.2 There is an even number of data, We will take the average of the 5th and 6th number. Median = 26
22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42

Dot diagram for age of workers in company A

Mass (g) Dot diagram for age of workers in company B

Mass (g)

b) 20% of 10 is 2. Company A 40 years old. Company B 30 years old. c) From the dot diagram, we can see that most of the workers in Company A are either 22 or 24 years old. There are 2 workers whose age 40 and 42 years old deviates considerably from the other workers. The workers in Company B are fairly distributed between 22 to 30 years old. Even though the mean age of the 2 companies are the same, the median age is significantly different. (We will discuss the comparison among the 3 measures of central tendency in the next topic)

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