Management Information System

Instructor Name: Zeshan Iqbal

Assignment No. 02
Due Date:
Your assignment must be uploaded/submitted before or on 20 Sep 2011.

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Please view the Assignment Submission Process document provided to you by the COMSATS Institute of Information Technology for uploading assignments. o o o Assignment should be in .doc format. Save your assignment with your ID (e.g. bx020200786.doc). Assignment submission by hand is highly discouraged.

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Note:
Your answer must follow the below given specifications. You will be assigned zero marks if you do not follow these instructions. Font style: Times New Roman Font color: Black Font size: 12 Bold for heading only. Font in Italic is not allowed at all. No formatting or bullets are allowed to use.

Assignment Topic:
The topic of the assignment is Components of Information Systems.

Objective:
This assignment has been designed so that you can analyze the components of Information System.

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology 1

Management Information System

Instructor Name: Zeshan Iqbal

Reading Material:
The goal of a business information system is to produce the right information product for the right user (e.g. confirmation messages for an e-commerce shopper, sales reports for a manager and audio/video files for a marketing presentation). Information product quality is determined by, among other things, its timeliness, currency, availability, accuracy, clarity, scope, security and privacy. The components of an information system are illustrated below.
+-------------------+ | | control | +-----------+ | +-- | | <-+ Input (data) -------> | process | ------> output (information) | | +-----------+ | | +------------+ +--------> | data store | +------------+ feedback

Inputs include the following:

Data; People; Hardware; Software; Networks.

Feedback typically consists of reports and automated notifications. Control is achieved by adjusting the system according to the feedback. The data store is typically a database, but may simply be a file on a server. Processing includes the following:

Validating; Sanitizing; Aggregating; Cross-referencing; Calculating; Organizing; Formatting.

Note the distinction between the input, data, and the output, information. Though often used interchangeably, we make a distinction here to emphasize the value added by processing of the COMSATS Institute of Information Technology 1

Management Information System

Instructor Name: Zeshan Iqbal

raw data into an information product. But this is all relative: information output by one system might be input, as raw data, into a second system.

Applications
We can categorize information systems in various ways, further reflecting our efforts to understand and use them.

Functional; o Operational - transaction processing, payroll, etc.; o Management - sales summary report, employee performance report, etc.; Strategic - help achieve competitive advantage; Cross-functional - one system can serve multiple roles and fall into more than one category.

Trends in IT

From automation for efficiency and control toward augmentation to support decision making and competitive strategies; Declining cost of end-user computing (mainframes versus personal computers); Decentralization of IT resources, management, and control; Expansion of networking from local-area networks to wide-area networks to the Internet.

Information System Advances

Note the correspondence to the IT trends above.

From transaction processing systems (TPS), accounting, and other basic electronic data processing; process control systems; To management information systems (MIS), providing predefined reports; To decision support systems (DSS), as an improvement over MIS, permitting ad hoc, interactive, and on-demand queries such as ``what-if'' analysis; To executive information systems (EIS), presenting information tailored to the needs of specific managers and executives.

The expansion of networking, in particular the Internet, gave rise to another kind of information system, collaboration systems, which eliminate geographic and temporal barriers to team communication, sharing of data, and productivity. In fact, Internet technologies have found use in all aspects of business: functions, commerce, internal and external collaboration, and strategy. This defines E-business. The buying, selling, marketing, and servicing of products, services, and information electronically is called E-commerce.

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology 1

Management Information System

Instructor Name: Zeshan Iqbal

Assignment:
Read the following text Online-Shopping Mall functions and identify the information systems and their components using the terminology as discussed in the given material. Mr. Ahmad has an Online Shopping Mall service with Mobile RFID technology. The concept of Mobile RFID service is a combination of RFID technology with handset and mobile network. There are 2 kinds of Mobile RFID services. One is Tag based service and the other is Reader based service. What we describe as O-Shopping Mall Service with Mobile RFID can provide an exact targeting location based service. Shopping Malls can give customers sales promotion and various value added services through scanning RFID tags. He designs Mobile RFID for O-Shopping Mall and describes mobile handset platform with RFID tag and service platform for this service model. The record of every customer is kept in data base that entered in shopping mall. At the end of the day, the mobile store manager prints a report from the circulation database listing the entire mobile and the people whom sailed out. This report will be used to type up fine notices to be mailed to those people for new promotions. Point out the followings. 1. Inputs 2. Outputs 3. Feedback and control 4. The data stores 5. Processing

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology 1