Attrib (Displays or changes file attributes.

Sets an attribute. Clears an attribute Setting Attribute Attrib +r sample.c Attrib +a sample.c Attrib +s sample.c Attrib +h sample.c Removing attribute Attrib -r sample.c Attrib -r sample.c Attrib -r sample.c Attrib -r sample.c

Attribute R A S H Note: /S

Meaning Read-only file attribute. Archive file attribute System file attribute Hidden file attribute

Processes files in all directories in the specified path.

Deltree (Deletes a directory and all the subdirectories and files in it.)
Ex: deltree vrs Ex: deltree . /y prompting to confirm you want to delete the subdirectory.

Diskcopy (Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.)

DISKCOPY [drive1: [drive2:]] [/1] [/V] [/M] /1 Copies only the first side of the disk. /V Verifies that the information is copied correctly. /M Force multi-pass copy using memory only. The two floppy disks must be the same type. You may specify the same drive for drive1 and drive2.

Doskey Stores command history

Ex: DOSKEY 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) UP,DOWN arrows recall commands Esc clears current command F7 displays command history Alt+F7 clears command history F9 selects a command by number

edit
MS-DOS Editor Version 2.0.026 Edit

Extract
Microsoft (R) Diamond Extraction Tool - Version (16) 1.00.0602 (07/14/97) EXTRACT LABEL.EX_ LABEL.EXE

fdisk.

Partition (Hard) Disks

Configures a hard disk for use with MS-DOS and Windows 95/98/2000.

Find

Searches for a text string in a file or files.

FIND [/V] [/C] [/N] [/I] "string" [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]] /V /C /N /I Displays all lines NOT containing the specified string. Displays only the count of lines containing the string. Displays line numbers with the displayed lines. Ignores the case of characters when searching for the string.

Ex: find printf c:\tc\prime.c

format
Formats a disk for use with MS-DOS.

label.(Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.)

LABEL [drive:][label] Label C:\>LABEL Volume in drive C is YRN Volume Serial Number is 3C28-1DE5 Volume label (11 characters, ENTER for none)? VRS

mem. (Displays the amount of used and free memory in your system.)
Mem

Mode
Mode 40

(Configures system devices.)

More

(Displays output one screen at a time.)

MORE [drive:][path]filename Ex: more c:\tc\prime.c

mscdex. CD-ROM Program

Allows MS-DOS to communicate with CD-ROM drives. (Note: A 'driver'program for the specific type of CDROM drive must be installed first -- usually listed in the machine's CONFIG.SYS file.) Usage: MSCDEX [/E/K/S/V] [/D: ... ] [/L:] [/M:]

scandisk
SCANDISK [drive:] [/a] [/n] [/p] drive: /a /n /p to specify the drive(s) you want to check. to check all your local, nonremovable hard disks. to start and close ScanDisk automatically. to prevent ScanDisk from correcting any errors it finds.

Examples: ======== To check drive D and start and close ScanDisk automatically, the following command might be used: c:\windows\scandisk.exe d: /n To check all nonremovable hard disks but prevent ScanDisk from correcting any errors it finds, this command could be used: c:\windows\scandisk.exe /a /p

Sort (Sorts input and writes results to the screen, a file, or another device.)
SORT [/R] [/+n] [[drive1:][path1]filename1] [> [drive2:][path2]filename2] /R /+n
C:\>sort 1 5 7 8 4 6 2 3 9 ^Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 C:\>

Reverses the sort order; that is, sorts Z to A, then 9 to 0. Sorts the file according to characters in column n.

Start (Windows Program)

Runs a Windows program or an MS-DOS program. START [options] program [arg...] START [options] document.ext Ex: start excel

Sys Copies MS-DOS system files and command interpreter to a disk you specify.
SYS [drive1:][path] drive2: [drive1:][path] Specifies the location of the system files. drive2: Specifies the drive the files are to be copied to.

Ex: Sys c: d:

xcopy Copies files and directory trees.

source Specifies the file(s) to copy. destination Specifies the location and/or name of new files. /P /S /E Prompts you before creating each destination file. Copies directories and subdirectories except empty ones. Copies directories and subdirectories, including empty

Ex: xcopy c:\tc d:\tc /p Ex: xcopy c:\tc d:\tc /s Ex: xcopy c:\tc d:\tc /e