S Y D N E Y B O Y S H I G H S C HO O L

M O O R E PA R K , S U R R Y H I L L S


2004

TRIAL HIGHER SCHOOL
CERTI FICATE EXAMINATION







Mathematics Extension 2



General Instructions Total Marks - 120 Marks
Reading time 5 minutes. Attempt Sections A - C
Working time 3 hours.
Write using black or blue pen.
All questions are NOT of equal
value.
Board approved calculators may
be used.

All necessary working should be
shown in every question if full marks
are to be awarded.

Examiner: E. Choy
Marks may NOT be awarded for messy
or badly arranged work.

Hand in your answer booklets in 3
sections.
Section A (Questions 1 - 3),
Section B (Questions 4 - 5) and
Section C (Questions 6 - 8).
Start each section in a NEW answer
booklet.



This is an assessment task only and does not necessarily reflect the content or
format of the Higher School Certificate.
Page 2 of 11
Total marks 120
Attempt Questions 1 8
All questions are of equal value


Answer each section in a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available.

SECTION A (Use a SEPARATE writing booklet)

Question 1 (15 marks)
Marks


(a) Evaluate

(i)
3
2
0 4
dx
x

1

(ii)
1
2
0
4 x dx

1

(iii)
2
1
2 x x dx

1



(b) Evaluate


(i)
2
2
1
1
x
x
e
dx
e

2

(ii)
2
0
1
4 5sin
dx
x

4



(c) (i) If
4
2
0
tan
n
n
x dx I

, 0 n , show that
1
1
2 1
n n
I I
n

+ =

3

(ii) Hence, evaluate
4
6
0
tan x dx

1



(d)

Evaluate ( )
2
1
ln
e
x x dx

2


Page 3 of 11

Question 2 (15 marks)
Marks


(a) (i) Sketch on the same axes the graphs

2

3 y x = + and 2 y x = .


(ii) Hence or otherwise:



() Solve for x, 2 3 x x < + .

2

() Sketch the curve
2
3
x
y
x
=
+
.
3






(b)

Let
3
( )
1
f x
x
=

.


On separate diagrams sketch the graphs of the following:



(i)
( )
y f x =


2

(ii)
2
( ) y f x =


3

(iii)
( ) f x
y e =
3


Page 4 of 11
SECTION A continued

Question 3 (15 marks)
Marks


(a)

If 1 3 z i = + and 2cis
6
w

=

(i)
Find z .

1
(ii) arg z .

1
(iii) Express z in the form cis r .

1
(iv)
Express
6 3
z w in the form cis r .
1




(b) (i) Express 5 12i in the form a ib + .

2
(ii) Hence describe the locus of the point which represents z on the
Argand diagram if
2

2
5 12 3 2 z i z i + = +





(c) The origin and the points representing the complex numbers z ,
1
z
and
1
z
z
+ are joined to form a quadrilateral.

Write down the conditions for z so that the quadrilateral will be


(i) a rhombus;

1
(ii) a square.
1




(d) (i) Find the equation and sketch the locus of z if
2

( ) Im z i z =


(ii) Find the least value of arg z in (i) above.
3



END OF SECTION A
Page 5 of 11
SECTION B (Use a SEPARATE writing booklet)

Question 4 (15 marks)
Marks


(a)

3 i is a zero of
3 2
( ) 4 2 P z z z z m = + , where m is a real
number.

Find m.
3





(b)

If , and are the roots of
3
0 x px q + + = , find a cubic
equation whose roots are
2
,
2
and
2
.
3





(c) Given a real polynomial ( ) Q x , show that if is a root of
( ) 0 Q x x = , then is also a root of ( ( )) 0 Q Q x x = .
3





(d) Use the following identity to answer the following questions.



5 3
cos5 16cos 20cos 5cos = +


(i)
Solve
5 3
16 20 5 0 x x x + =

3
(ii) Hence show that
3
3 7 9 5
cos cos cos cos
10 10 10 10 16

=

Page 6 of 11
SECTION B continued

Question 5 (15 marks)
Marks


(a) Let cos sin z i = + , show that



(i) 2cos
n n
z z n

+ =

1

(ii) 2 sin
n n
z z i n

=
1



(b) (i) Show that for any integer k that

( ) ( )
2
8 8
cos sin cos sin 2 cos 1
4 4 4 4 4
k k
k k k
z i z i z z


( | | ( | |
+ + = +
( | | (
\ ( \

2


(ii) Hence simplify the following products



()
7 7
cos sin cos sin
4 4 4 4
z i z i
( ( | | | |
+ +
| | ( (
\ \

1

()
3 3 5 5
cos sin cos sin
4 4 4 4
z i z i
( ( | | | |
+ +
| | ( (
\ \

1



(c)
Using the results of (b) above, factorise
4
1 z + into 2 real
quadratic factors.
2



(d) Using (a) and (c) above, prove the identity

2

2
cos 2 2cos 1 =




(e)

The complex numbers z x iy = + ,
1
z x iy = + and
2
2
z
z
= are
represented by the points P,
1
P and
2
P in the Argand diagram
respectively.



(i)
Show that O,
1
P and
2
P are collinear where O is the origin.

3

(ii)
Show that
1 2
2 OP OP = 2



END OF SECTION B
Page 7 of 11
SECTION C (Use a SEPARATE writing booklet)

Question 6 (15 marks)
Marks


(a) A particle of mass m is projected vertically upwards with a
velocity of u
1
ms

, with air resistance proportional to its

velocity.


(i) Show that after a time t seconds, the height above the ground is

4

( )
1 2
1
kt
g ku gt
x e
k k

+
= ,


where k is a constant and g is the acceleration due to gravity.


(ii) At the same time another particle of mass m is released from rest,
from a height h metres vertically above the first particle. You
may assume that at time t seconds, its distance from the ground is
given by:
4

( )
2 2
1
kt
g gt
x h e
k k

= +


Show that the two particles will meet at time T where



1
ln
u
T
k u kh
| |
=
|

\






(b) A vehicle of mass m moves in a straight line subject to a
resistance
2
P Qv + , where v is the speed and P and Q are
constants with 0 Q > .


(i) Form an equation of motion for the acceleration of the vehicle.

1
(ii) Hence show that if 0 P = , the distance required to slow down
from speed
3
2
U
to speed U is
3
ln
2
m
Q
| |
|
\
.

3
(iii) Also show that if 0 P > , the distance required to stop from speed
U is given by

3

( )
2
ln 1 D kU = +


where k and are constants


Page 8 of 11
SECTION C continued

Question 7 (15 marks)
Marks



































The diagram above shows a solid with a trapezoidal base EDTH
of length b metres.
The front end HTSR is a square with side length a metres.
The back is the pentagon ABCDE which consists of the rectangle
ACDE with length 2a metres and width a metres, surmounted by
the equilateral triangle ABC.


Consider a slice of the solid, parallel to the front and the back,
with face formed by both the trapezium KLMN and the rectangle
KNQP, which has thickness x and is at a distance x metres
from HT.



Question 7 continued on page 9

A
B
C
D
E
K
h
L
M
N
P
Q
R
S
T H
a
a
2a
x
x
W
F
Page 9 of 11

Question 7 continued
Marks


(i)
Show that the height, BW, of the equilateral triangle ABC is 3a
metres.

2
Top View

Base of Solid





















(ii) Given that the perpendicular height of the trapezium KLMN is h
metres ie VU = h, use the similar triangles BWF and VUF, in the
Top View, to find h in terms of a, b and x.

3
(iii) Given that the triangles BLM and BRS are similar, show that
( ) a b x
LM
b

=

3
(iv) Using the cross section of the base, find the length of PQ in
terms of a, b and x.

3
(v) Find the volume of the solid.
4




Question 8 starts on page 10

D E
H
T
P Q
b
x
a
2a
B
L V M
R F S
W
x
b
U
a
Page 10 of 11
SECTION C continued

Question 8 (15 marks)
Marks


(a) If 0 a > , 0 b > and a b t + = show that
3
1 1 4
a b t
+





(b) There are n ( 1 n > ) different boxes each of which can hold up to
2 n + books. Find the probability that:


(i) No box is empty when n different books are put into the boxes at
random.

1
(ii) Exactly one box is empty when n different books are put into the
boxes at random.

2
(iii) No box is empty when 1 n + different books are put into the
boxes at random.

2
(iv) No box is empty when 2 n + different books are put into the
boxes at random.
2




(c) PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral such that the sides PQ, QR, RS
and SP touch a circle at A, B, C and D respectively.


Prove that:


(i) AC is perpendicular to BD.

2
(ii) Let the midpoints of AB, BC, CD and DA be E, F, G and H
respectively.
Show that E, F, G and H lie on a circle.
3

End of paper
Page 11 of 11


STANDARD INTEGRALS

1
1
, 1; 0, if 0
1
1
ln , 0
1
, 0
1
cos sin , 0
n n
ax ax
x dx x n x n
n
dx x x
x
e dx e a
a
axdx ax a
a
+

(
(

(
(

(
(

(
(

= <
+
= >
=
=

2
1
2 2
1
2 2
1
sin cos , 0
1
sec tan ,
1
sec tan sec , 0
1 1
tan , 0
1
sin , 0,
axdx ax a
a
axdx ax
a
ax ax dx ax a
a
x
dx a
a x a a
x
dx a a x a
a
a x

(
(

(
(

(
(

(
(

(
(

=
=
=
=
+
= > < <

( )
( )
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
1
ln , 0
1
ln
NOTE: ln log , 0
e
dx x x a x a
x a
dx x x a
x a
x x x

(
(

(
(

= + > >

= + +
+
= >