Le quotidien independant du Forum Social Mondial Polycentrique de Bamako, 19-23 janvier 2006
The independent newspaper of the Polycentric World Social Forum Bamako, Jan 19-23, 2006
A space for
Small-Scale Solutions
many voices to a Thorny Problem
To the editors;
While not wishing to respond directly to inaccurate accusa-
tions levelled in a January 21 article by Zarina Geloo that
misattributed to us the use of camels during the opening cer-
emony, Oxfam International is concerned by the statements com-
plaining we were “taking advantage” and “abusing” the space
created by the World Social Forum.
As an organisation that has worked for decades around the
globe ensuring that there are free and open spaces for ALL
voices to be heard, both within civil society and in government,
we take exception to such complaints. Is our voice not worthy
of being heard?
Should we, working in collaboration with partners in more than
100 countries, not be allowed to join the chorus demanding an
end to global poverty and suffering, an end to violence against
women and an end to damaging trade subsidies that keep the
developing world from competing in international markets?
Meetings such as this year’s World Social Forum in Bamako
provide an important and sanctified venue for the exchange of
ideas, where all people passionate about all causes have the
opportunity to share their thoughts, hone their strategies and
renew their efforts to show that another world is possible.
It would be awful – and would run completely counter to the
Forum’s stated goals and principles – if some of its participants
sought to limit and silence the voices of those who wished to join. Amadou Lah (right) believes that
Over the remaining days, Oxfam International and its six af- solutions to migration begin at home
filiates present in Bamako, along with our partners from across
the continent, welcome the opportunity to add our voices to the
prompted by Spain’s announcement
chorus. Working together, we can find lasting solutions to end-
that it planned to legalise the status
ing poverty and suffering.
of about 600,000 migrants who were
in its territories illegally.
Aux rédacteurs en chef; Seif Eddine listens while Azzouna Yelloul,
also from El Taller, discusses migration
There was also widespread criti-
cism of the European Union’s attempt
Bien que ne souhaitant pas réagir directement aux accusa- to get surrounding countries to police
tions erronées portées contre Oxfam dans un article du 21 janvier the flow of migrants into its member
par Zarina Geloo quant à l’utilisation de chameaux pendant la states, certain delegates pointing out
cérémonie officielle d’ouverture, nous sommes préoccupés par By Jacklynne Hobbs Mali, to receive the migrant),” said that this allowed the EU to avoid the
les commentaires selon lesquels Oxfam “profite” et “tire Malabre. blame for abuse of migrants.
avantage” de l’espace créé par le Forum Social Mondial.
Etant une organisation qui soutient globalement depuis des ‘Think global, act local’ is a well- “And in France, there will be Europe’s position on migration
décennies les espaces de liberté afin que TOUTES les voix known slogan in environmental someone to bring his luggage and go was especially ironic in light of
soient entendues au sein de la société civile et des circles. But is it also useful for tack- to the bank to get his money…(also) events in the 19th and 20th centuries,
gouvernements, nous nous objectons à de telles critiques. ling the problems that stem from il- to send his papers, because when noted Seif Eddine, who belongs to a
Serait-ce que la voix d’Oxfam n’est pas digne d’être entendue? legal immigration – particularly the they are expelled they are without Tunisian NGO, El Taller Interna-
Ne sommes-nous pas invités, nous qui collaborons avec
des partenaires dans plus de 100 pays, à faire partie de ceux hardships experienced by migrants papers in Mali or in Senegal, too.” tional.
qui exigent une fin à la pauvreté et aux souffrances des peuples, who face expulsion, and those sent The strength of this approach has “Between 1821 and 1924, we saw
une fin à la violence contre les femmes et une fin aux back to their home countries? already been demonstrated, added the migration of 55 million Europe-
subventions commerciales qui maintiennent les pays en voie Jean Eric Malabre thinks so. Malabre, by a French non-govern- ans across the world, 34 million to
de développement dans la pauvreté ?
Picture a situation where your son mental organisation, the Education the United States alone. So, immi-
Des réunions telles que celle du Forum Social Mondial à
Bamako offrent un espace important et stratégique pour tells you of a school friend who is in Without Borders Network, which gration was – initially – a European
échanger, où tous les peuples engagés ont l’occasion de partager hiding because his parents are about assists young migrants and their phenomenon,” he told a session on
leurs idées, de réviser leurs stratégies et d’accroître leurs efforts to be expelled, said Malabre, a families to legalise their status. migration in the Maghreb.
dans le but de démontrer qu’un autre monde est possible. French immigration lawyer who is But, judging by the debate on im- But, migration does not only be-
Il serait très dommage si certains participants au Forum
also a member of the Paris-based migration that took place Saturday devil relations between Africa and
cherchaient à limiter et faire taire les voix de ceux qui souhaitent
s’y joindre. Immigrant Information and Support at the Centre International de Con- Europe. West Africans who estab-
Pendant les jours qui viennent, Oxfam International, ses six Group. Writing to the boy’s teach- ference de Bamako, success stories lished themselves in the Ivory Coast,
affiliés participant au FSM à Bamako ainsi que ces partenaires ers, even the Ministry of the Interior, such as this are still relatively hard with its relative economic strength –
à travers le continent africain, sont prêts à joindre leurs voix à might start a chain of events that to come by. For the most part, mi- only to be expelled later – have also
celles de tous ceux présents.
could improve matters. gration from Africa to Europe – and had negative experiences in seeking
En travaillant ensemble, nous pourrons ainsi obtenir des so-
lutions durables à la pauvreté, à la souffrance et à l’injustice. “Little things, but very practical from Latin America to the United their fortunes abroad.
things, can be done on an individual States – was seen as presenting prob- For Amadou Lah of the Malian
basis… People can get together and lems for which there were no easy Association of Migrants Repatriated
Oxfam International make networks work between South solutions. from Ivory Coast, there is only one
Oxfam GB and North for things like this,” The events of September 2005, solution to the problems of migra-
Malabre told TerraViva yesterday. when 14 people were killed as Afri- tion: prevent it from happening in the
Oxfam America
In a case where, say, a Malian im- can migrants tried to enter the Span- first place, by fighting for improved
Oxfam Quebec
migrant was expelled, “A French ish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in conditions at home.
Novib (Oxfam the Netherlands) NGO… can get in touch through e- Morocco, were clearly on the minds “We must look at our own
Intermon Oxfam (Oxfam Spain) mail with a Malian NGO, and there of many delegates who attended the strengths, realise what we can do
Oxfam Solidarite (Oxfam Solidarité) (Belgique) will be someone at the airport (in discussions. This influx was here,” he told TerraViva.
2
Prouver qu’une autre
école est possible
The Self-Serving
Paternalism of
Les enfants s’exerçant à la peinture dans un atelier
Those Who Give
Par Almahady Cissé initiateur de cet atelier. huit ans, témoigne qu’elle a appris
By Zarina Geloo
Les activités menées par les à l’atelier “des notions d’hygiène
Un atelier d’éducation des enfants enfants, âgés de 6 à 13 ans, sont la corporelle” et reçu des cours de
Donor countries and agencies do not always mean well when
est organisé, depuis vendredi, au peinture, le dessin, la teinture… Ils peinture. they give aid to poor countries, often under the misconception that
stade omnisports Modibo Kéita en se livrent également à de nombreux Lassine Konaté, 11 ans, jubile development assistance means “giving to beggars.”
vue d’initier 160 enfants à une autre jeux d’éveil. parce que sa participation à l’atelier That was the general consensus among participants at a WSF
école, celle de la vie. “Au lieu de faire des conférences lui a permis d’apprendre des notions panel discussing the issue of paternalism in the context of develop-
ment cooperation at Bamako yesterday.
“L’objectif de cet atelier est de et des discours, nous voulons montrer ancestrales de transmission de mes- No easy or ready answers emerged from the discussion but
susciter chez les enfants le goût de à travers cet atelier qu’une autre école sages par le son, au travers d’une Raffaella Bolini of the Association of Recreation and Culture in Italy
l’apprentissage des métiers manuels est possible”, précise Moussa trompette. (ARCI) gave an example of how donors did not always mean well.
et leur inculquer des notions de Bagayoko, un des encadreurs. “Un autre monde n’est pas pos- She said the European Union (EU) recently gave North African
civisme”, témoigne Cheick Oumar Le regard vif, vêtue d’une jupe sible sans une formation citoyenne countries money to militarise their borders, which are the gateways
to Europe. Ostensibly, this was to help the countries secure their
Coulibaly, de l’Institut malien pour multicolore et d’un léger haut le des enfants”, a conclu Coulibaly. borders.
l’éducation populaire (IEP), corps, la petite Niagalé Coulibaly, “On the face it, this might be seen as cooperation funds, but the
real reason Europe was funding border security was to stop Afri-
cans from entering their countries (in Europe).”
3
Poverty and Development:
Sparse Media Coverage
may Make them Worse
By Mario Lubetkin
4
“Poverty is not the responsibility
of governments alone”
By Joyce Mulama lem of corruption because before
the agreements are reached between
Donor conditions attached to aid the governments receiving funds
have often raised concern among and the donors, the donors have al-
civil society organisations, including ready stated where they want this
justice activists. Developing coun- money channeled to. They (donors)
tries governments, which are usually have already decided how long the
the recipients of aid, also seem to be money will run and how much time
in agreement, as Matilde Ribeiro, the will be needed to achieve results.
Brazilian minister for the promotion The problem is that governments
of equality between races, says. do not have enough supplementary
money to allocate to every sector;
TV – What are your feelings that is why vital sectors like educa-
about the conditions attached to tion and health do not get adequate
foreign aid? allocations. However, public in-
MR – There is no international volvement is very important to as-
cooperation without interests. Even certain whether truly the funds have
if the agreement is based on demo- been used for the purposes they
cratic principles, there are conser- were given. Again, democratic
vative strategies underneath these spaces for negotiations like these
funds. Civil society has a role to are critical.
analyse these interests in relation to
justice. These interests have effects TV – Do you think the fight
on the policies of governments. against poverty in Third World
That is why it is important to talk countries is being won, espe-
about these issues in such forums. cially through aid?
MR – Foreign aid is an impor-
TV – It is often feared that cor- tant element but not the only one.
ruption is the main reason why There have to be government
governments under-allocate aid funds to fight poverty. Private
to important public sectors, in- companies have also have to be
cluding health and education. Do involved. Poverty is the not the
Public involvement is important ... Matilde Ribeiro talks about international aid
you share this view? responsibility of the government
MR – I do not think it is a prob- alone, but of everybody.
5
“We Don’t Want to Produce Only for the Rich”
Alternatives to Neoliberalism in Southern Africa
(ANSA) is an initiative of trade unions from the Southern Jos Martens,
African Development Community. Coordinating commit-
of Alternatives to
tee member Jos Martens told TerraViva that alternatives
can be practical as well as ideological. Neoliberalism
in Southern Africa
(ANSA)
By Michée Boko economics – for agriculture, trade
and manufacturing.
TV -Why is ANSA in Bamako? A book on this is about to be Jos Martens, Membre du
JM - All the trade unions of the published in three different lan-
comité de coordination de
Southern African region have guages. From there, we are going
come together and formulated a to take it further. l’Alternative pour le néo-
very intensive programme on the libéralisme en Afrique
kind of alternatives and policies TV - Do you think “another
we want. All the trade unions, so- world is possible”? australe (ANSA)
cial movements, church organisa- JM - It is not only possible, it’s
tions… have come together for already in the making, because we
that alternative. We started in are working on it as unions. What
South Africa but, of course, we we are trying to do with ANSA is
want as many allies as possible. to... push us all in the same direc-
That’s one of the major reasons tion. We also have some alliances
why we are at the social forum in with unions in Europe. We are try-
Mali. ing to spread it further.
“A peasant without land is an organism without life” JM – Nous voulons dire, par
exemple, que les politiques ne
qu’il devrait y avoir développement basé
d’abord sur les besoins de nos popula-
doivent pas être définies par le Fonds tions. Cela veut qu’il ne faut pas
By Abdoulaye Barry regroup because “our enemies are producers and agricultural stake- monétaire international ou la Banque seulement produire pour les gens riches
not far from us, they are our govern- holders should mobilise to raise mondiale, mais par les peuples eux- dans le monde développé et pour l’élite
Accountability for Africa’s prob- ing people that monopolise our lands awareness of the impact of neoliberal mêmes. dans les autres pays. Nous disons
alors, voyons d’abord ce dont nous
lems should rest with the governing claiming that they belong to the policies: “It is necessary to examine
TV - Mais, vous ne pouvez pas avons besoin pour nous-mêmes en
African leaders, said various state”. ourselves and never be ashamed to termes de nourriture, de logement,
demander à toute la population de
organisations gathered at a session Ze said that good food production consume what we produce.” se réunir et décider ce qui est bon d’éducation, car nous produisons de la
at the Bibliothèque Nationale on required access to water and land. Most participants recognised that pour eux… nourriture ou d’autres biens seulement
Friday. According to him, all food crises ex- neoliberal policies harmed the pro- JM - Bien, en Afrique du Sud, pour les pays occidentaux à notre
nous savons très bien ce qui est propre détriment. Nous avons été
The organisations, mainly from perienced in Africa are due to the duction of Third World countries.
mauvais pour nous, et aussi ce qui contraints d’ouvrir nos frontières, et cela
countries like Burkina Faso, lack of access to water and land. At the end of the meeting, the par- tue nos propres industries locales.
est bon pour nous. Ce que nous
Cameroon, Mozambique, Gambia “A peasant without land is an or- ticipants agreed to form a commu- obtenons de la Banque mondiale du
and Madagascar where agriculture ganism without life,” said Lucien nication network in order to pres- FMI et de l’Europe n’est pas à TV - Que ferez-vous main-
constitutes the a pillar of the Damiba, a member of the Catholic sure people in charge of sub-re- l’avantage de la population. Nous tenant?
avons donc établi un certain nombre JM - Quand vous observez les
economy, came to discuss access to Organisation for Development and gional organisations – such as the
de règles, nous avons adopté une pays d’Afrique australe, la majorité
water and land in Africa. Solidarity of Burkina Faso. Accord- Economic Community of West Af- des gens travaille dans le secteur
ligne de conduite générale, et nous
Cyprien Essong Ze, a member of ing to him, it is necessary to have rican States (ECOWAS) - so that avons même élaboré une politique non officiel. Mais toutes les mesures
a farmers’ association in Cameroon, access to water and land to reach the policies which they developed alternative dans tous les secteurs prises par nos gouvernements visent
food sustainability. took into account the aspirations of macro-économiques, l’agriculture, le à encourager un petit groupe de
said that the first challenge to be
commerce et l’industrie. Un livre, en producteurs qui produisent princi-
tackled by African peasants was to He recommended that all NGOs, the people.
trois langues différentes, sera palement pour le marché extérieur.
6
La spiruline, une alternative
à la malnutrition en Afrique
Par Michée Boko La spiruline contient les
vitamines A, B, K, et des oligo-
Au moment où tout le monde éléments comme le calcium, le
cherche des alternatives de phosphore, le magnésium, le fer,
développement à Bamako, le zinc.
certaines ONG ont déjà trouvé La culture de la spiruline
une alternative à la malnutrition donne environ 14.000 kg de
à travers un produit qu’elles protéines par hectare contre
qualifient de révolutionnaire: la 2.500 kg pour le soja et 200 kg
spiruline. pour le riz.
“La Spiruline, une alternative “Elle est bonne pour toute per-
pour lutter contre la malnutrition sonne malade ou bien portante.
en milieu rural paysan”, lit-on lire Elle est particulièrement recom-
sur une banderole dressée dans mandée pour les personnes
l’une des cours intérieures du anémiées, affaiblies ou
mémorial Modibo Kéïta de convalescentes”, confie Jean-
Bamako où une ONG malienne François Jérôme, du groupe
(CAB Déméso) et des ONG français Communication &
françaises (Antenna Technologie développement.
France et Codegaz), associées à Elle est également indiquée
des communes maliennes, ont aux personnes vivant avec le
décidé de faire connaître ce VIH/SIDA, assure Diabaté.
produit qu’ils qualifient eux- La spiruline est déjà connue au
mêmes d’humanitaire. Bénin, au Tchad, où la plante a
“La spiruline améliore la santé été découverte, et au Mali où elle
et contribue à la lutte contre la est en expérimentation.
malnutrition”, a expliqué Mous- Le seul hic avec ce produit,
sa Diabaté, directeur exécutif de déplore Jérôme, est qu’il est
l’ONG malienne CAB Déméso. vendu à un prix prohibitif pour
Les promoteurs ont décidé de les Africains. Il est vendu à 500
venir faire connaître la spiruline FCFA (environ un dollar
au Forum social mondial de américain) le sachet de 25
Bamako parce qu’ils ont trouvé en grammes, ce qui, pour un paysan
ce produit une alternative parfaite africain, représente déjà plus que
à la malnutrition en Afrique. Moussa Diabaté expliquant les avantages de la spiruline l’ensemble des dépenses de
toute une journée.
7
You Have Your Stadium,
By Zarina Geloo