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1. General description
The PCF8566 is a peripheral device which interfaces to almost any Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) with low multiplex rates. It generates the drive signals for any static or multiplexed LCD containing up to four backplanes and up to 24 segments and can easily be cascaded for larger LCD applications. The PCF8566 is compatible with most microprocessors or microcontrollers and communicates via a two-line bidirectional I2C-bus. Communication overheads are minimized by a display RAM with auto-incremented addressing, by hardware subaddressing and by display memory switching (static and duplex drive modes).
2. Features
I Single-chip LCD controller/driver I 24 segment drives: N Up to twelve 7-segment numeric characters including decimal pointer N Up to six 14-segment alphanumeric characters N Any graphics of up to 96 elements I Versatile blinking modes I No external components required (even in multiple device applications) I Selectable backplane drive conguration: static or 2, 3, 4 backplane multiplexing I Selectable display bias conguration: static, 12 or 13 I Internal LCD bias generation with voltage-follower buffers I 24 4-bit RAM for display data storage I Auto-incremented display data loading across device subaddress boundaries I Display memory bank switching in static and duplex drive modes I LCD and logic supplies may be separated I 2.5 V to 6 V power supply range I Low power consumption I Power-saving mode for extremely low power consumption in battery-operated and telephone applications I I2C-bus interface I TTL and CMOS compatible I Compatible with any 4, 8 or 16-bit microprocessor or microcontroller I May be cascaded for large LCD applications (up to 1536 segments possible) I Cascadable with 40-segment LCD driver PCF8576C I Optimized pinning for plane wiring in both and multiple PCF8566 applications I Space-saving 40-lead plastic very small outline package (VSO40; SOT158-1) I Manufactured in silicon gate CMOS process
NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
3. Ordering information
Table 1. Ordering information Package Name PCF8566P PCF8566T PCF8566TS[1] PCF8566U[2]
[1] [2]
Type number
Description plastic dual in-line package; 40 leads (600 mil) plastic very small outline package; 40 leads plastic very small outline package; 40 leads wire bond die; 40 bonding pads; 2.5 2.91 0.381 mm
4. Marking
Table 2. PCF8566P PCF8566T PCF8566TS PCF8566U Marking codes Marking code PCF8566P PCF8566T PCF8566TS PC8566-1 Type number
PCF8566_7
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
5. Block diagram
BP0 BP2 BP1 BP3 13 VDD 5 R 14 15 16 S0 to S23 17 to 40 DISPLAY SEGMENT OUTPUTS
BACKPLANE OUTPUTS
DISPLAY LATCH
R VLCD 12
SHIFT REGISTER
CLK SYNC
4 3 TIMING BLINKER
PCF8566
INPUT BANK SELECTOR DISPLAY CONTROLLER DISPLAY RAM 24 4 BITS OUTPUT BANK SELECTOR
OSC
OSCILLATOR
DATA POINTER
SUBADDRESS COUNTER 7 A0 8 A1 9 A2
mgg383
PCF8566_7
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
6. Pinning information
6.1 Pinning
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
40 S23 39 S22 38 S21 37 S20 36 S19 35 S18 34 S17 33 S16 32 S15 31 S14 30 S13 29 S12 28 S11 27 S10 26 S9 25 S8 24 S7 23 S6 22 S5 21 S4
001aai338
PCF8566
PCF8566_7
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
S8
S7
S6
25
24
23
22
S5
21
20
19
18
17
BP3 14 13 12
S2
S4
S3
S1
S0
PCF8566U
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 VDD
mbh783
PCF8566_7
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Pin description continued Pin 13 14 15 16 17 to 40 LCD segment outputs Description LCD backplane outputs
The substrate (rear side of the die) is wired to VDD but should not be electrically connected.
7. Functional description
The PCF8566 is a versatile peripheral device designed to interface any microprocessor or microcontroller to a wide variety of LCDs. It can directly drive any static or multiplexed LCD containing up to 4 backplanes and up to 24 segments. The display congurations possible with the PCF8566 depend on the number of active backplane outputs required. Display conguration selection is shown in Table 4. All of the display congurations given in Table 4 can be implemented in the typical system shown in Figure 4. The host microprocessor or microcontroller maintains the 2-line I2C-bus communication channel with the PCF8566. Biasing voltages for the multiplexed LCD waveforms are generated internally, removing the need for an external bias generator. The internal oscillator is selected by connecting pin OSC to VSS. The only other connections required to complete the system are the power supplies (pins VDD, VSS and VLCD) and the LCD panel selected for the application.
Table 4. Display congurations 7-segment numeric Digits 4 3 2 1 96 72 48 24 12 9 6 3 Indicator symbols 12 9 6 3 14-segment numeric Characters 6 4 3 1 Indicator symbols 12 16 6 10 96 (4 24) 72 (3 24) 48 (2 24) 24 Dot matrix
Backplanes Elements
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
VDD R
trise 2 Cbus
SDA SCL OSC 5 1 2 6 7 A0
VDD 12
VLCD 17 to 40
24 segment drives
mgg385
VSS
All backplane outputs are set to VDD All segment outputs are set to VDD Drive mode 1:4 multiplex with 13 bias is selected Blinking is switched off Input and output bank selectors are reset (as dened in Table 8) The I2C-bus interface is initialized The data pointer and the subaddress counter are cleared
Do not transfer data on the I2C-bus after a power-on for at least 1 ms to allow the reset action to complete.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 5.
Preferred LCD drive modes: summary of characteristics Backplanes Bias levels 2 3 4 4 4 LCD bias conguration static
1 2 1 3 1 3 1 3
1 2 2 3 4
A practical value for VLCD is determined by equating Voff(RMS) with a dened LCD threshold voltage (Vth), typically when the LCD exhibits approximately 10 % contrast. In the static drive mode a suitable choice is VLCD > 3Vth. Multiplex drive modes of 1:3 and 1:4 with 12 bias are possible but the discrimination and hence the contrast ratios are smaller.
V on ( RMS ) =
V LCD
(1)
where VLCD is the resultant voltage at the LCD segment and where the values for n are n = 1 for static mode n = 2 for 1:2 multiplex n = 3 for 1:3 multiplex n = 4 for 1:4 multiplex The RMS off-state voltage (Voff(RMS)) for the LCD is calculated with the equation:
V off ( RMS ) =
V LCD
a ( 2a + n ) -------------------------------2 n (1 + a)
(2)
Discrimination is the ratio of Von(RMS) to Voff(RMS) and is determined from the equation: V on ( RMS ) ----------------------- = V off ( RMS ) (a + 1) + (n 1) ------------------------------------------2 (a 1) + (n 1)
2
(3)
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
21 3
1:3 multiplex (12 bias): V LCD = 6 V off ( RMS ) = 2.449V off ( RMS )
) 1:4 multiplex (12 bias): V LCD = ( 4 3 - = 2.309V off ( RMS ) ---------------------
These compare with V LCD = 3V off ( RMS ) when 13 bias is used. It should be noted that VLCD is sometimes referred as the LCD operating voltage.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Tfr VLCD BP0 VSS VLCD Sn VSS VLCD state 1 (on) state 2 (off) LCD segments
Sn+1
VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD
state 1
0V
VLCD VLCD
state 2
0V
Fig 5.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Sn+1
VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD VLCD / 2 state 1 0V VLCD / 2 VLCD VLCD VLCD / 2 state 2 0V VLCD / 2 VLCD (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment.
mgl746
Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t). Von(RMS) = 0.791VLCD. Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) VBP1(t). Voff(RMS) = 0.354VLCD
Fig 6.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Tfr VLCD BP0 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD BP1 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD Sn 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 state 1 0V VLCD / 3 2VLCD / 3 VLCD VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 state 2 0V VLCD / 3 2VLCD / 3 VLCD (b) Resultant waveforms at LCD segment.
mgl747
LCD segments
state 1 state 2
Sn+1
Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t). Von(RMS) = 0.745VLCD Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) VBP1(t) Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD.
Fig 7.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Tfr VLCD BP0 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD BP2 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD Sn 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 state 1 0V VLCD / 3 2VLCD / 3 VLCD VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 state 2 0V VLCD / 3 2VLCD / 3 VLCD state 1 state 2 LCD segments
BP1
Sn+1
Sn+2
mgl748
Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t). Von(RMS) = 0.638VLCD. Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) VBP1(t). Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD.
Fig 8.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Tfr VLCD BP0 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD BP1 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD BP2 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD state 1 state 2 LCD segments
BP3
Sn
Sn+1
Sn+2
2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3 VSS (a) Waveforms at driver. VLCD 2VLCD / 3 VLCD / 3
Sn+3
state 1
state 2
mgl749
Vstate1(t) = VSn(t) VBP0(t). Von(RMS) = 0.577VLCD. Vstate2(t) = VSn(t) VBP1(t). Voff(RMS) = 0.333VLCD.
Fig 9.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
7.5 Oscillator
The internal logic and the LCD drive signals of the PCF8566 are timed by the frequency fclk, which equals either the built-in oscillator frequency fosc or the external clock frequency fclk(ext). The clock frequency (fclk) determines the LCD frame frequency (ffr) and the maximum rate for data reception from the I2C-bus. To allow I2C-bus transmissions at their maximum data rate of 100 kHz, fclk should be chosen to be above 125 kHz.
7.6 Timing
The timing of the PCF8566 sequences the internal data ow of the device. This includes the transfer of display data from the display RAM to the display segment outputs. In cascaded applications, the synchronization signal (SYNC) maintains the correct timing relationship between the PCF8566s in the system. The timing also generates the LCD frame frequency which is derived as an integer division of the clock frequency (see Table 6). The frame frequency is set by the mode set commands when an internal clock is used or by the frequency applied to the pin CLK when an external clock is used.
Table 6. LCD frame frequencies [1] Frame frequency Nominal frame frequency (Hz) 69 [2] 65 [3]
The possible values for fclk see Table 20. For fclk = 200 kHz. For fclk = 31 kHz.
The ratio between the clock frequency and the LCD frame frequency depends on the mode in which the device is operating. In the power-saving mode the reduction ratio is six times smaller; this allows the clock frequency to be reduced by a factor of six. The reduced clock frequency results in a signicant reduction in power dissipation.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
The lower clock frequency has the disadvantage of increasing the response time when large amounts of display data are transmitted on the I2C-bus. When a device is unable to process a display data byte before the next one arrives, it holds the SCL line LOW until the rst display data byte is stored. This slows down the transmission rate of the I2C-bus but no data loss occurs.
In 1:4 multiplex drive mode: BP0 to BP3 must be connected directly to the LCD.
If less than four backplane outputs are required the unused outputs can be left as an open-circuit.
In 1:3 multiplex drive mode: BP3 carries the same signal as BP1, therefore these two
adjacent outputs can be tied together to give enhanced drive capabilities.
In 1:2 multiplex drive mode: BP0 and BP2, BP1 and BP3 respectively carry the same
signals and can also be paired to increase the drive capabilities.
In static drive mode: the same signal is carried by all four backplane outputs and they
can be connected in parallel for very high drive requirements.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
display RAM addresses (columns)/segment outputs (S) 0 0 display RAM bits 1 (rows)/ backplane outputs 2 (BP) 3
mgg389
19
20
21
22
23
Fig 10. Display RAM bit map showing the direct relationship between display RAM addresses and segment outputs and between bits in a RAM word and backplane outputs
When display data is transmitted to the PCF8566 the display bytes received are stored in the display RAM based on the selected LCD drive mode. An example of a 7-segment numeric display illustrating the storage order for all drive modes is shown in Figure 11. The RAM storage organization applies equally to other LCD types. The following applies to Figure 11:
Static drive mode: the eight transmitted data bits are placed in row 0 to eight
successive display RAM addresses.
1:2 multiplex drive mode: the eight transmitted data bits are placed in row 0 and 1 to
four successive display RAM addresses.
1:3 multiplex drive mode: the eight transmitted data bits are placed in row 0, 1 and 2 of
three successive addresses, with bit 2 of the third address left unchanged. This last bit can, if necessary, be controlled by an additional transfer to this address but avoid overriding adjacent data because always full bytes are transmitted.
1:4 multiplex drive mode: the eight transmitted data bits are placed in row 0, 1, 2 and
3 to two successive display RAM addresses.
In static drive mode by eight. In 1:2 multiplex drive mode by four. In 1:3 multiplex drive mode by three. In 1:4 multiplex drive mode by two.
If an I2C-bus data access terminates early, the state of the data pointer is unknown. Consequently, the data pointer must be rewritten prior to further RAM accesses.
PCF8566_7 NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved.
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Product data sheet Rev. 07 25 February 2009
NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved. PCF8566_7
NXP Semiconductors
drive mode
LCD segments
LCD backplanes
a b
n c x x x
n 1 b x x x
n 2 a x x x
n 3 f x x x
n 4 g x x x
n 5 e x x x
n 6 d x x x
n 7 MSB DP x x x c b a f LSB g e d DP
g c
Sn+7
BP0
a b g
n bit/ BP 0 1 2 3 a b x x
n 1 f g x x
n 2 e c x x
n 3 d DP x x MSB a b f LSB g e c d DP
multiplex
e d
BP1
c
DP BP0
a f g b
n Sn bit/ BP
c
n 1 a d g x
n 2 f e x x MSB b DP c a d g f LSB
1:3
Sn+2
multiplex
e d
BP1 DP
BP2
0 1 2 3
b DP c x
Sn 1:4
f
a b g
n 1 f e g d
multiplex Sn+1
e d
BP1 DP
BP3
0 1 2 3
a c b DP
MSB a c b DP f
LSB e g d
PCF8566
mgl751
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Fig 11. Relationship between LCD layout, drive mode, display RAM lling order and display data transmitted over the I2C-bus
NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
In 1:4 multiplex mode: all RAM addresses of bit 0 are selected, followed sequentially
by the contents of bit 1, bit 2 and then bit 3.
In 1:3 multiplex mode: bits 0, 1 and 2 are selected sequentially. In 1:2 multiplex mode: bits 0 and 1 are selected. In the static mode: bit 0 is selected.
The PCF8566 includes a RAM bank switching feature in the static and 1:2 multiplex drive modes. In the static drive mode, the bank select command may request the contents of bit 2 to be selected for display instead of the contents of bit 0. In 1:2 multiplex drive mode, the contents of bits 2 and 3 may be selected instead of bits 0 and 1. This enables preparation of display information in an alternative bank and the ability to switch to it once it has been assembled.
7.16 Blinker
The display blinking capabilities of the PCF8566 are very versatile. The whole display can be blinked at frequencies selected by the blink command. The blinking frequencies are integer fractions of the clock frequency; the ratios between the clock and blinking frequencies depend on the mode in which the device is operating (see Table 7).
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Blink frequencies Normal operating mode ratio Power saving mode ratio Blink frequency blinking off 2 Hz
Table 7.
1 Hz
0.5 Hz
An additional feature is for an arbitrary selection of LCD segments to be blinked. This applies to the static and 1:2 multiplex drive modes and can be implemented without any communication overheads. Using the output bank selector, the displayed RAM banks are exchanged with alternate RAM banks at the blinking frequency. This mode can also be specied by the blink select command. In the 1:3 and 1:4 multiplex modes, where no alternate RAM bank is available, groups of LCD segments can be blinked by selectively changing the display RAM data at xed time intervals. If the entire display needs to be blinked at a frequency other than the nominal blinking frequency, this can be done using the mode set command to set and reset the display enable bit E at the required rate (see Table 9).
8. Basic architecture
8.1 Characteristics of the I2C-bus
The I2C-bus provides bidirectional, two-line communication between different IC or modules. The two lines are a Serial Data line (SDA) and a Serial Clock Line (SCL). When connected to the output stages of a device, both lines must be connected to a positive supply via a pull-up resistor. Data transfer is initiated only when the bus is not busy.
SDA
mba607
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
8.1.1.1
START and STOP conditions Both data and clock lines remain HIGH when the bus is not busy. A HIGH-to-LOW change of the data line, while the clock is HIGH, is dened as the START condition (S). A LOW-to-HIGH change of the data line, while the clock is HIGH, is dened as the STOP condition (P). The START and STOP conditions are illustrated in Figure 13.
SDA
SDA
SCL
mbc622
SLAVE RECEIVER
MASTER TRANSMITTER
mga807
8.1.3 Acknowledge
The number of data bytes transferred between the START and STOP conditions from transmitter to receiver is unlimited. Each byte of eight bits is followed by an acknowledge bit. The acknowledge bit is a HIGH level signal put on the bus by the transmitter during which time the master generates an extra acknowledge related clock pulse. (See Figure 15). Acknowledgement on the I2C-bus is illustrated in
A master receiver must generate an acknowledge after the reception of each byte that
has been clocked out of the slave transmitter.
The device that acknowledges must pull-down the SDA line during the acknowledge
clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable LOW during the HIGH period of the acknowledge related clock pulse (set-up and hold times must be taken into consideration).
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
data output by transmitter not acknowledge data output by receiver acknowledge SCL from master S START condition clock pulse for acknowledgement
mbc602
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Two displays controlled by PCF8566 can be recognized on the same I2C-bus which allows:
Up to 16 PCF8566s on the same I2C-bus for very large LCD applications (see
Section 13)
COMMAND
DISPLAY DATA
m 1 byte(s)
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
LSB
msa833
Fig 18. General format of byte command Table 8. Command Mode set Denition of PCF8566 commands Opcode Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 C 1 0 LP E B M1 M0 Section 8.3.1 denes LCD drive mode, LCD bias conguration, display status and power dissipation mode Section 8.3.2 data pointer to dene one of 24 display RAM addresses Section 8.3.3 dene one of eight hardware subaddresses Section 8.3.4 bit I: denes input bank selection (storage of arriving display data); bit O: denes output bank selection (retrieval of LCD display data) Section 8.3.5 denes the blink frequency and blink mode Reference Description
C C C
0 1 1
0 1 1
P4 0 1
P3 0 1
P2 A2 0
P1 A1 I
P0 A0 O
Blink
BF1
BF0
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
LCD bias conguration command bit description Bit B 0 1 Display status command bit description[1] Bit E 0 1
bias bias
Table 11.
The possibility to disable the display allows implementation of blinking under external control.
Table 12.
Bank select command[1] Mode Static 1:2 MUX RAM bits 0 and 1 RAM bits 2 and 3 RAM bits 0 and 1 RAM bits 2 and 3 O I 0 1 0 1 Bit Value
The bank select command has no effect in 1:3 or 1:4 multiplex drive modes.
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
9. Internal circuitry
VLCD
VSS SDA, SCL, SYNC, CLK, OSC, A0 to A2, SA0 VDD BP0 to BP3, S0 to S23
001aai456
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 18. Limiting values In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134). Symbol VDD VLCD VI Parameter supply voltage LCD supply voltage input voltage on each of the pins SCL, SDA, A0 to A2, OSC, CLK, SYNC and SA0 on each of the pins S0 to S23 and BP0 to BP3
[1] [1]
Conditions
Unit V V V
output voltage input current output current supply current ground supply current LCD supply current total power dissipation output power storage temperature electrostatic discharge voltage latch-up current
Values with respect to VDD.
0.5 20 25 50 50 50
7.0 +20 +25 +50 +50 +50 400 100 +150 2000 200 100
V mA mA mA mA mA mW mW C V V mA
per package
[2]
65 -
HBM MM
According to the NXP store and transport conditions (document SNW-SQ-623) the devices have to be stored at a temperature of +5 C to +45 C and a humidity of 25 % to 75 %. Pass level; Human Body Model (HBM) according to JESD22-A114. Pass level; Machine Model (MM), according to JESD22-A115. Pass level; latch-up testing, according to JESD78.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Parameter
Conditions
Typ 30 15
Unit V V A A
Logic Vi VIL VIH IOL input voltage LOW-level input voltage HIGH-level input voltage LOW-level output current on pins CLK and SYNC; VOL = 1.0 V; VDD = 5.0 V on pins SA0, CLK, OSC, A0 to A2; VI = VDD or VSS VOH = 4.0 V; VDD = 5.0 V on pins OSC and A0 to A2; VI = 1.0 V; VDD = 5.0 V on pin SYNC
[2] [3]
V V V mA
IL
leakage current
+1
IOH(CLK) Ipd
15
50
+1 150
mA A
pull-up resistance power-on reset voltage input capacitance pins SDA and SCL input voltage LOW-level input voltage HIGH-level input voltage leakage current LOW-level output current input capacitance spike pulse width
25 1.3 0 -
60 2 7 6 0.3VDD 6 +1 7 100
k V pF V V V A mA pF ns
1 3 -
on bus
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PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 19. Static characteristics continued VSS = 0 V; VDD = 2.5 V to 6.0 V; VLCD = VDD 2.5 V to VDD 6.0 V; Tamb = 40 C to +85 C; unless otherwise specied. Symbol LCD outputs VBP VS Zo voltage on pin BP voltage on pin S output impedance BP0 to BP3; Cbpl = 35 nF S0 to S23; Csgm = 5 nF on pin BP0 to BP3; VLCD = VDD 5 V on pin S0 to S23; VLCD = VDD 5 V
[1] [2] [3] [4]
[4]
Parameter
Conditions
Min -
Typ 20 20 1 3
Max 5 7
Unit mV mV k k
[4]
Outputs open; inputs at VSS or VDD; external clock with 50 % duty factor; I2C-bus inactive. Resets all logic when VDD < VPOR. Periodically sampled, not 100 % tested. Outputs measured one at a time.
40 IDD (A) 30 40 C
24 IDD (A)
40 C
16 +85 C 20 +85 C
8 10
0 0 2 4 6 VDD (V) 8
0 0 2 4 6 VDD (V) 8
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PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
6 RBP (k)
12
RS (k)
8
40 C
+25 C +85 C
0 0 2 4 6 VDD (V) 8
0 0 2 4 6
VDD (V)
VDD = 5 V.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Parameter
Conditions
Min 125 21 1 1 1
Typ 200 31 -
HIGH-level clock time LOW-level clock time SYNC propagation delay SYNC LOW time driver propagation delay with test loads; VLCD = VDD 5 V
bus free time between a STOP and START condition hold time (repeated) START condition low period of the SCL clock high period of the SCL clock set-up time for a repeated START condition data hold time data set-up time rise time of both SDA and SCL signals fall time of both SDA and SCL signals set-up time for STOP condition
1.0 300 -
s s s s s ns ns s ns s
All timing values referred to VIH and VIL levels with an input voltage swing of VSS to VDD. At fclk < 125 kHz, I2C-bus maximum transmission speed is derated.
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NXP Semiconductors
PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
fclk
tclk(H) tclk(L) 0.7VDD CLK 0.3VDD
0.7VDD SYNC 0.3VDD tPD(SYNC_N) tSYNC_NL 0.5 V BP0 to BP3 S0 to S23 (VDD = 5 V) 0.5 V tPD(drv)
mgg391
SDA
tBUF
tLOW
tf
SCL
tHD;STA
tr
tHD;DAT
tHIGH
tSU;DAT
SDA
tSU;STA tSU;STO
mga728
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PCF8566
Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Cascaded PCF8566s are synchronized. They can share the backplane signals from one of the devices in the cascade. Such an arrangement is cost-effective in large LCD applications since the backplane outputs of only one device need to be through-plated to the backplane electrodes of the display. The other PCF8566s of the cascade contribute additional segment outputs but their backplane outputs are left open-circuit (see Figure 26).
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
VLCD 12 17 to 40
24 segment drives
PCF8566
13 to 16 8 A0 A1 9 A2 10 11 BP0 to BP3 (open-circuit)
4 OSC 6 7
SA0 VSS
VLCD VDD R
trise 2 Cbus
5 SDA SCL SYNC CLK OSC 1 2 3 4 6 7 A0
VDD
VLCD 12 17 to 40
24 segment drives
PCF8566
13 to 16 8 A1 9 A2 10 11
4 backplanes
BP0 to BP3
mgg384
SA0 VSS
VSS
The SYNC line is provided to maintain the correct synchronization between all cascaded PCF8566s. This synchronization is guaranteed after the power-on reset. The only time that SYNC is likely to be needed is if synchronization is accidentally lost (e.g. by noise in adverse electrical environments or by dening a multiplex mode when PCF8566s with differing SA0 levels are cascaded). SYNC is organized as an input/output pin; the output selection being realized as an open-drain driver with an internal pull-up resistor. A PCF8566 asserts the SYNC line at the onset of its last active backplane signal and monitors the SYNC line at all other times. If synchronization in the cascade is lost, it is restored by the rst PCF8566 to assert SYNC. The timing relationship between the backplane waveforms and the SYNC signal for the various drive modes of the PCF8566 are shown in Figure 27.
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Tfr =
1 ffr
BP0
SYNC
SYNC
SYNC
SYNC
Fig 27. Synchronization of the cascade for the various PCF8566 drive modes
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
SDA SCL SYNC CLK VDD VSS VLCD SDA SCL SYNC CLK VDD OSC A0 A1 A2 SA0 VSS VLCD BP0 BP2 BP1 BP3 S0 S1 S2 S3 S0 BACKPLANES
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28
S23 S22 S21 S20 S19 S18 S17 S16 S15 S14 S13 S12 S11 S10 S9 S8 S7 S6 S5 S4 S23 SEGMENTS S24 open-circuit BP0 BP2 BP1 BP3 S24 S25 S26 S27
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28
S47 S46 S45 S44 S43 S42 S41 S40 S39 S38 S37 S36 S35 S34 S33 S32 S31 S30 S29 S28 S47
mgg386
PCF8566
27 26 25 24 23 22 21
PCF8566
27 26 25 24 23 22 21
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
seating plane
ME
A2
A1 c Z e b1 b 40 21 MH w M (e 1)
pin 1 index E
20
5 scale
10 mm
DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions) UNIT mm inches A max. 4.7 0.19 A1 min. 0.51 0.02 A2 max. 4 0.16 b 1.70 1.14 0.067 0.045 b1 0.53 0.38 0.021 0.015 c 0.36 0.23 0.014 0.009 D
(1)
(1)
e 2.54 0.1
e1 15.24 0.6
w 0.254 0.01
Note 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.25 mm (0.01 inch) maximum per side are not included. OUTLINE VERSION SOT129-1 REFERENCES IEC 051G08 JEDEC MO-015 JEITA SC-511-40 EUROPEAN PROJECTION
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
SOT158-1
A X
c y HE v M A
Z 40 21
5 scale
10 mm
DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions) UNIT mm inches Notes 1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.4 mm (0.016 inch) maximum per side are not included. 2. Plastic interlead protrusions of 0.25 mm (0.01 inch) maximum per side are not included. OUTLINE VERSION SOT158-1 REFERENCES IEC JEDEC JEITA EUROPEAN PROJECTION A max. 2.7 0.11 A1 0.3 0.1 A2 2.45 2.25 A3 0.25 0.01 bp 0.42 0.30 c 0.22 0.14 D (1) 15.6 15.2 E (2) 7.6 7.5 0.30 0.29 e 0.762 0.03 HE 12.3 11.8 0.48 0.46 L 2.25 0.089 Lp 1.7 1.5 0.067 0.059 Q 1.15 1.05 v 0.2 w 0.1 y 0.1 Z (1) 0.6 0.3
7 o 0
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
D e A
26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
34 35
36
37
38
39
40
DIMENSIONS (mm are the original dimensions) UNIT mm max nom min A 0.406 0.381 0.356 D 2.5 E 2.91 e 0.548 0.200 0.018 P1(1) 0.12 P2(2) 0.106 P3(1) 0.12 P4(2) 0.106
Notes 1. Pad size 2. Passivation opening OUTLINE VERSION PCF8566U REFERENCES IEC JEDEC JEITA EUROPEAN PROJECTION ISSUE DATE 08-06-19 08-09-03
PC8566-1 0 0 y
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
C1
15
e
14 13 12
11 10 9 8
C2
7 6
P4
P3
P2
1 2 3 4 5
P1 X detail X
0.5 scale
1 mm
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Table 22. Bonding pad description All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each pad with respect to the center (x/y = 0) of the chip (see Figure 31). Symbol SDA SCL SYNC CLK VDD OSC A0 A1 A2 SA0 VSS VLCD BP0 BP2 BP1 BP3 S0 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13 S14 S15 S16 S17 S18 S19 S20 Pad 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 X (m) 200 400 604 856 1062 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1074 874 674 474 274 274 474 674 874 1074 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1080 1056 830 Y (m) 1235 1235 1235 1235 1235 1235 825 625 425 225 25 347 547 747 947 1235 1235 1235 1235 1235 1235 1235 1235 1235 1235 765 565 365 165 35 235 435 635 835 1035 1235 1235 LCD segment output I2C-bus slave address bit 0 input logic ground LCD supply voltage LCD backplane output Description I2C-bus data input / output I2C-bus clock input / output cascade synchronization input / output external clock input / output supply voltage oscillator select I2C-bus subaddress input
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Table 22. Bonding pad description continued All x/y coordinates represent the position of the center of each pad with respect to the center (x/y = 0) of the chip (see Figure 31). Symbol S21 S22 S23 Pad 38 39 40 X (m) 630 430 230 Y (m) 1235 1235 1235 Description
REF
C1
REF
REF
C2
001aai300
Fig 32. Alignment marks Table 23. Symbol C1 C2 F Alignment marks X (m) 1100 325 790 Y (m) 1090 625 700
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
H D
E
001aai237
marking code
001aaj619
Tray dimensions Description pocket pitch; x direction pocket pitch; y direction pocket width; x direction pocket width; y direction Value 4.43 mm 4.43 mm 3.04 mm 3.04 mm
NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved.
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Tray dimensions continued Description tray width; x direction tray width; y direction cut corner to pocket 1,1 center cut corner to pocket 1,1 center number of pockets; x direction number of pockets; y direction Value 50.8 mm 50.8 mm 5.47 mm 5.47 mm 10 10
Through-hole components Leaded or leadless SMDs, which are glued to the surface of the printed circuit board
Not all SMDs can be wave soldered. Packages with solder balls, and some leadless packages which have solder lands underneath the body, cannot be wave soldered. Also, leaded SMDs with leads having a pitch smaller than ~0.6 mm cannot be wave soldered, due to an increased probability of bridging. The reow soldering process involves applying solder paste to a board, followed by component placement and exposure to a temperature prole. Leaded packages, packages with solder balls, and leadless packages are all reow solderable. Key characteristics in both wave and reow soldering are:
PCF8566_7
Board specications, including the board nish, solder masks and vias Package footprints, including solder thieves and orientation The moisture sensitivity level of the packages Package placement Inspection and repair
NXP B.V. 2009. All rights reserved.
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Process issues, such as application of adhesive and ux, clinching of leads, board
transport, the solder wave parameters, and the time during which components are exposed to the wave
Solder bath specications, including temperature and impurities 18.4 Reow soldering
Key characteristics in reow soldering are:
Lead-free versus SnPb soldering; note that a lead-free reow process usually leads to
higher minimum peak temperatures (see Figure 35) than a SnPb process, thus reducing the process window
Solder paste printing issues including smearing, release, and adjusting the process
window for a mix of large and small components on one board
Reow temperature prole; this prole includes preheat, reow (in which the board is
heated to the peak temperature) and cooling down. It is imperative that the peak temperature is high enough for the solder to make reliable solder joints (a solder paste characteristic). In addition, the peak temperature must be low enough that the packages and/or boards are not damaged. The peak temperature of the package depends on package thickness and volume and is classied in accordance with Table 25 and 26
Table 25. SnPb eutectic process (from J-STD-020C) Package reow temperature (C) Volume (mm3) < 350 < 2.5 2.5 Table 26. 235 220 Lead-free process (from J-STD-020C) Package reow temperature (C) Volume (mm3) < 350 < 1.6 1.6 to 2.5 > 2.5 260 260 250 350 to 2000 260 250 245 > 2000 260 245 245 350 220 220
Moisture sensitivity precautions, as indicated on the packing, must be respected at all times. Studies have shown that small packages reach higher temperatures during reow soldering, see Figure 35.
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
temperature
peak temperature
time
001aac844
For further information on temperature proles, refer to Application Note AN10365 Surface mount reow soldering description.
19. Abbreviations
Table 27. Acronym CMOS DC HBM I2C IC LCD MM MSL POR RC RAM RMS SMD TTL Abbreviations Description Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Direct Current Human Body Model Inter-Integrated Circuit Integrated Circuit Liquid Crystal Display Machine Model Moisture Sensitivity Level Power-On Reset Resistance and Capacitance Random Access Memory Root Mean Square Surface Mount Device Transistor-Transistor Logic
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
The format of this data sheet has been redesigned to comply with the new identity guidelines of NXP Semiconductors. Legal texts have been adapted to the new company name where appropriate. Added U and TS type Added tray information Changed values in limiting values table from relative to absolute values Changed letter symbols to NXP approved symbols Rewritten chapter 7.3 Product specication Product specication Product specication Product specication PCF8566_5 PCF8566_4 PCF8566_3 PCF8566_2
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
Denition This document contains data from the objective specication for product development. This document contains data from the preliminary specication. This document contains the product specication.
Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating or completing a design. The term short data sheet is explained in section Denitions. The product status of device(s) described in this document may have changed since this document was published and may differ in case of multiple devices. The latest product status information is available on the Internet at URL http://www.nxp.com.
21.2 Denitions
Draft The document is a draft version only. The content is still under internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in modications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Short data sheet A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data sheet, which is available on request via the local NXP Semiconductors sales ofce. In case of any inconsistency or conict with the short data sheet, the full data sheet shall prevail.
transportation conditions. If there are data sheet limits not guaranteed, these will be separately indicated in the data sheet. There are no post-packing tests performed on individual die or wafers. NXP Semiconductors has no control of third party procedures in the sawing, handling, packing or assembly of the die. Accordingly, NXP Semiconductors assumes no liability for device functionality or performance of the die or systems after third party sawing, handling, packing or assembly of the die. It is the responsibility of the customer to test and qualify their application in which the die is used. All die sales are conditioned upon and subject to the customer entering into a written die sale agreement with NXP Semiconductors through its legal department. Applications Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specied use without further testing or modication. Limiting values Stress above one or more limiting values (as dened in the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) may cause permanent damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of this document is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Terms and conditions of sale NXP Semiconductors products are sold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial sale, as published at http://www.nxp.com/prole/terms, including those pertaining to warranty, intellectual property rights infringement and limitation of liability, unless explicitly otherwise agreed to in writing by NXP Semiconductors. In case of any inconsistency or conict between information in this document and such terms and conditions, the latter will prevail. No offer to sell or license Nothing in this document may be interpreted or construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant, conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or other industrial or intellectual property rights.
21.3 Disclaimers
General Information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Right to make changes NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make changes to information published in this document, including without limitation specications and product descriptions, at any time and without notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior to the publication hereof. Suitability for use NXP Semiconductors products are not designed, authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in medical, military, aircraft, space or life support equipment, nor in applications where failure or malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customers own risk. Bare die All die are tested on compliance with their related technical specications as stated in this data sheet up to the point of wafer sawing and are handled in accordance with the NXP Semiconductors storage and
21.4 Trademarks
Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks are the property of their respective owners. I2C-bus logo is a trademark of NXP B.V.
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Universal LCD driver for low multiplex rates
23. Contents
1 2 3 4 5 6 6.1 6.2 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.4.1 7.4.2 7.4.3 7.4.4 7.5 7.5.1 7.5.2 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 8 8.1 8.1.1 8.1.1.1 8.1.2 8.1.3 8.1.4 8.1.5 8.2 8.3 8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3 8.3.4 8.3.5 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Ordering information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Block diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Pinning information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pinning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Pin description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Functional description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Power-on reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 LCD bias generator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 LCD voltage selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 LCD drive mode waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Static drive mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 1:2 Multiplex drive mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1:3 Multiplex drive mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1:4 multiplex drive mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Oscillator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Internal clock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 External clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Display register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Shift register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Segment outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Backplane outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Display RAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Data pointer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Sub-address counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Output bank selector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Input bank selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Blinker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Basic architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Characteristics of the I2C-bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Bit transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 START and STOP conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 System conguration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Acknowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 PCF8566 I2C-bus controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Input lter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 I2C-bus protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Command decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Mode set command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Load data pointer command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Device select command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Bank select command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Blink command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 8.4 9 10 11 11.1 11.2 12 13 13.1 14 15 16 17 18 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 19 20 21 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 22 23 Display controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internal circuitry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Limiting values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Static characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Typical supply current characteristics. . . . . . . Typical LCD output characteristics . . . . . . . . . Dynamic characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Application information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cascaded operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Package outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bare die outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Handling information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Packing information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soldering of SMD packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction to soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wave and reow soldering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wave soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reow soldering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data sheet status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Denitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disclaimers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contact information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 26 27 28 29 30 31 33 33 37 39 41 41 43 43 43 44 44 45 46 47 47 47 47 47 47 48
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s) described herein, have been included in section Legal information.
For more information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com For sales office addresses, please send an email to: salesaddresses@nxp.com Date of release: 25 February 2009 Document identifier: PCF8566_7