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How to Make Great Biscuits
Later, when I lived in the South, I discovered what Southerners know: biscuits
are more than a breakfast food. Hot, steaming biscuits work well with lunch and
dinner as well. They accompany soups and traditional meat and vegetable
meals equally well.
But there are keys to making those great biscuits that your mom, or aunt, or
grandmother used to make. We would like to share those with you.
Key #1: Use the right flour. Use either a soft, low protein flour meant for
biscuits—White Lily—or an all-purpose flour. Do not use bread flour. (See the
next section for more about flour and other ingredients.) .
Key #2: Keep your ingredients cold. Temperature is critical to buttery, flakey
scones. Start with very cold butter—it should chip when you cut it into chunks—
or cold shortening and your liquids should be ice cold. Work with the dough
quickly to keep it cool.
Why do your ingredients need to be cold? The objective is to keep the butter a
solid and not let it melt into a liquid. If your dough is kept cold, it will have little
bits of dispersed butter. In the heat of the oven, that butter melts into the dough
but leaves pockets and layers in the biscuits.
Key #3: Don’t work your dough too much. Kneading converts the protein to
gluten. Mix only until the ingredients come together into a combined mass.
Key #4: Use a folding technique. For flakey, layered biscuits, use a folding
technique. Roll the dough out to about 3/8-inch thick. Fold the dough in half and
in half again and again. Roll the dough out to about 3/4-inch thick before cutting
the biscuits.
Key #7: Don’t over-bake your biscuits. Over-baking for even a minute or two will
dry your biscuits out. As soon as the edges begin to turn brown, remove them
from the oven. Immediately, place the biscuits on a wire rack—the hot pan will
continue to dry the biscuits.
More Tips
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1. How packed your flour is in your measure will affect the amount of liquid
needed. If you spoon light flour into the measure, it should be about right
for the liquid noted in the ingredients.
2. A moister dough will rise easier. Don’t use any more flour than what you
need to handle the dough. It’s okay to dust your hands and the counter
with flour before rolling or patting the dough.
3. Make the biscuits of uniform size and shape so that they will bake
uniformly.
4. For tall biscuits, don’t roll or pat your dough thinner than 1/2-inch. Your
biscuits should rise to twice their height before baking.
5. Place your biscuits close together on the pan, touching each other. That
way they will tend to rise rather than spread.
6. Make certain that your oven is hot and bake your biscuits at 425 degrees
or above. The hot oven gives the dough a burst of steam that helps make
the biscuits light and airy.
7. Biscuits are best eaten immediately but they can be frozen for up to three
months. Reheat them at 300 degrees for 10 to 15 minutes.
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What Ingredients Should I Use?
The three primary ingredients for biscuits are flour, leavening, and fat. To this
you’ll want to add some salt, probably a bit of sugar, and some liquid.
Understanding these ingredients will help you make great biscuits.
Flour
White Lily ® brand self-rising flour is the classic flour for Southern baked biscuits.
It’s a soft white flour with the salt and baking powder already added. In our area,
White Lily is not available and we make fine biscuits with all-purpose flour. Of
course, you’ll have to add salt and baking powder if the recipe doesn’t call for it.
(And don’t add salt and baking powder if you are using self-rising flour.) If you
want a little softer flour, mix one-fourth cake or pastry flour into your all-purpose
flour.
“Soft” refers to the protein amount in the flour with “soft” being a lower protein
content than bread or most all-purpose flours. The protein forms gluten--what
gives bread its chewiness—when hydrated and mechanically worked. The less
gluten there is, the more tender and crumbly the product.
We think that the protein content in all-purpose works just fine. We don’t
overwork the dough to develop the gluten and a little gluten seems to give the
biscuits a bit of structure as they rise.
Bleached flour will make a whiter biscuit. We prefer to use unbleached flour in
most of our baking, including biscuits.
Leavening
Fat
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Butter has a lower melting point than does shortening, low enough that it will melt
at body temperature. Maybe it’s our imagination but with butter, biscuits tend to
be more melt-in-your-mouth.
Try our butter-based biscuit recipes and see if you don’t fall in love with these
buttery biscuits.
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Sweet and Savory Biscuits
One of the attractions of biscuits is how quickly they can be made. Biscuits are
most often rolled out and cut into rounds or squares. They can also be made as
drop biscuits. Drop biscuits, biscuits made with a soft batter and spooned onto
the baking sheet, save the steps of rolling and cutting. Drop biscuits are “fast
food” from scratch.
In this guide you’ll find recipes for both drop and cut biscuits. By adding or
reducing the liquid, you can always convert one to another. So Easiest
Buttermilk Biscuits, a drop biscuit recipe, can be converted to cut biscuits by
adding a little more flour.
Use these recipes as templates for your own creations. Use your favorite fresh or
dried fruits, spices, and flavors. Drizzle the biscuits with a little glaze flavored with
extract, cream cheese, or syrup. You’ll transform everyday biscuits into
something fit for guests at the next brunch.
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Easiest Buttermilk Biscuits
Ingredients
Directions
1. Measure the flour by scooping some into a bowl and then spooning the
flour into the measuring cup. (If you measure packed flour, you will have
too much.)
2. Add the baking powder, baking soda, sugar, and salt and stir these
ingredients into the flour. Slice the cold butter into the flour mixture. Use a
pastry knife or two kitchen knives to cut the butter into the flour mixture.
Work the butter into the flour mixture until you have a coarse, grainy
mixture.
3. Make a well in the middle of the flour and pour the buttermilk into the flour
mixture. Stir until just moistened. The dough should be of a consistency
like drop cookie dough or just a bit stiffer. If it is not moist enough, add
another tablespoon of buttermilk.
4. Spoon the dough into twelve rounded mounds on the baking sheet leaving
room for expansion.
5. Bake for 12 to 14 minutes or until the biscuits just begin to brown. Remove
the biscuits from the baking sheet and place them on a wire rack to cool.
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Cranberry Nut Biscuits
Ingredients
Directions
1. Measure the flour by scooping some into a bowl and then spooning the
flour into the measuring cup. (If you measure packed flour, you will have
too much.)
2. Add the baking powder, baking soda, sugar, and salt and stir these
ingredients into the flour. Slice the cold butter into the flour mixture. Use a
pastry knife or two kitchen knives to cut the butter into the flour mixture.
Work the butter into the flour mixture until you have a coarse, grainy
mixture. (See picture.) Stir in the cranberries, walnuts, zest, and spices.
3. Make a well in the middle of the flour and pour the buttermilk into the flour
mixture. Stir until just moistened. The dough should be of a consistency
like drop cookie dough or just a bit stiffer. If it is not moist enough, add
another tablespoon of buttermilk.
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4. Spoon the dough into twelve rounded mounds on the baking sheet leaving
room for expansion.
5. Bake for 12 to 14 minutes or until the biscuits just begin to brown. Remove
the biscuits from the baking sheet and place them on a wire rack to cool.
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Cheddar Cheese Biscuits
It’s hard to get enough cheese in a bread to make it really cheesy without a little
help. We accented the cheese with a touch of white pepper, garlic, and mustard.
The combination didn’t overwhelm the cheese and yet was piquant enough to not
be bland.
Ingredients
Directions
1. Measure the flour by scooping some into a bowl and then spooning the
flour into the measuring cup. (If you measure packed flour, you will have
too much.)
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2. Add the baking powder, baking soda, sugar, salt, pepper, garlic, and
mustard and stir these ingredients into the flour. Slice the cold butter into
the flour mixture. Use a pastry knife or two kitchen knives to cut the butter
into the flour mixture. Work the butter into the flour mixture until you have
a coarse, grainy mixture. (See picture.) Add the cheese and bell pepper.
3. Make a well in the middle of the flour and pour the buttermilk into the flour
mixture. Stir until just moistened. The dough should be of a consistency
like drop cookie dough or just a bit stiffer. If it is not moist enough, add
another tablespoon of buttermilk.
4. Spoon the dough into twelve rounded mounds on the baking sheet leaving
room for expansion.
5. Bake for 12 to 14 minutes or until the biscuits just begin to brown. Remove
the biscuits from the baking sheet and place them on a wire rack to cool.
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Southern Pecan Biscuits
Ingredients:
1. In a large bowl, combine the flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda,
and salt.
2. Using a pastry blender or 2 knives, cut in the butter until the mixture forms
coarse pieces.
3. Add buttermilk, nuts, and optional cinnamon and stir the mixture with a
fork until most of the dry ingredients have been moistened. Turn the
ingredients onto the counter and knead and fold until the dough is formed.
Do not knead longer than necessary.
4. Roll or pat the dough to about 3/4-inch thickness and cut with a biscuit
cutter. Place the biscuits on a greased baking sheet with the edges
touching.
5. Bake for about 14 minutes or until the tops are just golden brown and
biscuits sound hollow when gently tapped. Serve warm.
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Country White Biscuits
Ingredients
Directions
1. In a large bowl, combine the flour, sugar, baking powder, and salt.
2. Using a pastry blender or 2 knives, cut in the sour cream until the mixture
forms coarse pieces.
3. Add the sour cream and stir the mixture with a fork until most of the dry
ingredients have been moistened. Turn the ingredients onto the counter
and knead and fold until the dough is formed. Do not knead longer than
necessary.
4. Roll or pat the dough to about 3/4-inch thickness and cut with a biscuit
cutter. Place the biscuits on a greased baking sheet with the edges
touching.
5. Bake for about 14 minutes or until the tops are just golden brown and
biscuits sound hollow when gently tapped. Serve warm.
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Country Wheat Biscuits
Ingredients
Directions
1. In a large bowl, combine the flours, sugar, baking powder, and salt.
2. Using a pastry blender or 2 knives, cut in the butter until the mixture forms
coarse pieces.
3. Add the buttermilk and stir the mixture with a fork until most of the dry
ingredients have been moistened. Turn the ingredients onto the counter
and knead and fold until the dough is formed. Do not knead longer than
necessary.
4. Roll or pat the dough to about 3/4-inch thickness and cut with a biscuit
cutter. Place the biscuits on a greased baking sheet with the edges
touching.
5. Bake for about 14 minutes or until the tops are just golden brown and
biscuits sound hollow when gently tapped. Serve warm.
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Cranberry Orange Scone Recipe
You can use any quality dried cranberries in this recipe. We recommend that you
try our super, cold-processed cranberries. Instead of being processed with a hot
corn syrup bath, these are cold-processed and not partially juiced so that more of
the pectin and juice remains with the berry for a brighter flavor and color. Learn
more about these cold-processed cranberries here.
Ingredients
Directions:
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1. In a large bowl, stir together the flour, baking powder, baking soda, salt
and cinnamon. Use a pastry knife to cut the butter into the dry ingredients
until the mixture is coarse and uniform. Stir in the cranberries and zest.
Baker’s note: Use very cold butter. The secret to flaky scones is to keep
the butter a solid. If the dough gets warm enough to melt the butter before
baking, you will have a very different consistency. The little pieces of
butter create steamy pockets in the scones in the hot oven.
2. In a small bowl, mix the egg yolk, brown sugar, vanilla, and yogurt
together. Form a well in the dry ingredients and pour in the liquid mixture.
Stir to combine then remove to a floured counter and knead until almost
uniform.
Baker’s note: Do not over-knead. Too much kneading will develop the
gluten in the flour and make the scone tough.
3. Pat the dough into a 3/4-inch thick circle. Cut into wedges or circles. Place
the scones on a lightly-greased baking sheet.
Baker’s note: Use a cookie cutter or a glass with the edges dipped in
flour to cut shapes. Do not pat the edges down but leave the cuts as sharp
as possible to allow the scones to rise in layers.
Work the cut dough pieces as little as possible. The more you handle the
dough, the more the gluten will be developed and the more likely the
butter will melt. Either will cause tougher scones.
4. Bake for 10 to 14 minutes or until the tops are lightly browned. Remove to
a rack to cool. Serve warm.
To make the glaze, stir in the orange juice to get a drizzling consistency.
Add the zest and vanilla.
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All about Shortcakes
Today strawberry shortcakes are made from every recipe from biscuits to white
cake and even angel food cakes but the original recipes always called for
biscuits. Usually these biscuits are made richer with dairy products and sugar.
This is an original biscuit-like shortcake. It is rich and tender and flaky and very,
very good.
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calls for cooked egg yolks.
Ingredients
1 3/4 cups all-purpose flour
1/4 cup cocoa
1/3 cup sugar
1 tablespoon baking powder
1/4 teaspoon salt
1/3 cup cold butter cut into chunks
1 large egg
3/4 cup cream
Chocolate syrup
Caramel syrup
Directions
1. Combine the flour, cocoa, sugar, baking powder, and salt in a medium
bowl.
2. Cut the butter into the dry ingredients with a pastry blender.
3. Whisk the egg into the cream. Make a well in the center of the dry
ingredients and pour the cream mixture into the well. Mix with a fork until
the ingredients just stick together. Drop dough on a greased cookie sheet
and then pat with the back of a spoon to make about 3/4-inch thick. To
make cut-out biscuits, pat the dough into a sheet on a floured countertop
and cut into three-inch shapes with either a knife or a cookie cutter.
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4. Brush the tops with the melted butter. Sprinkle the tops with sugar. Bake
for about fifteen minutes or until done. Remove to a wire rack. Serve while
still fresh and warm.
Note: For the best results, always serve shortcake fresh. The dough can sit in the
refrigerator for up to two hours while waiting to bake.
Combine the whipped cream, two tablespoons sugar, and the vanilla in a chilled
bowl. Whip on medium speed until soft peaks form. Sweeten with the additional
sugar if desired.
To serve:
Split the warm biscuits open. Fill with berries and whipped cream. Top with
additional whipped cream and berries. Drizzle with chocolate and caramel syrup.
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Blueberry Cream Cheese Shortcake Recipe
Ingredients
2 cups all-purpose flour
1/4 cup sugar
1 tablespoon baking powder
1/4 teaspoon salt
1/3 cup cold butter cut into chunks
1 large egg
3/4 cup cream
Directions
1. Combine the flour, sugar, baking powder, and salt in a medium bowl.
2. Cut the butter into the dry ingredients with a pastry blender.
3. Whisk the egg into the cream. Make a well in the center of the dry
ingredients and pour the cream mixture into the well. Mix with a fork until
the ingredients just stick together. Drop into biscuits on a greased cookie
sheet and then pat with the back of a spoon make to about 3/4-inch thick.
To make cut-out biscuits, pat the dough into a sheet on a floured
countertop and cut into three inch shapes with either a knife or a cookie
cutter.
4. Brush the tops with the melted butter or cream. Sprinkle the tops with
sugar. Bake for about fifteen minutes or until golden brown. Remove to a
wire rack. Serve while still fresh and warm.
Note: For the best results, always serve shortcake fresh. The dough can sit in the
refrigerator for up to two hours while waiting to bake.
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Wash the blueberries. In a small bowl, smash the berries, add the sugar, and stir.
Cover the bowl and heat it in the microwave until the berries are hot and starting
to bubble.
Pour the whipped cream into a chilled bowl. Whip on medium speed until soft
peaks form. Add the cream cheese, powdered sugar, and lemon zest and beat
until combined and fluffy.
To serve:
Split the warm biscuits open. Fill with whipped filling. Top with additional whipped
filling and berries.
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Classic Strawberry Shortcake
Add the egg and milk mixture. Stir until the dry ingredients are moistened but not
smooth. Turn the dough onto a lightly-floured counter and roll or pat the dough
to a 1/2-inch thickness. Cut into 3-inch circles or squares and place on an
ungreased baking sheet.
Bake for 15 to 18 minutes or until the tops begin to turn brown. Cool on a wire
rack.
• Like biscuits, working the dough too much will leave the product tough, not
melt-in-your-mouth tender.
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• We prefer to just sprinkle a little sugar on our strawberries after they are sliced.
The juice will dissolve the sugar to form a light syrup.
• For each cup of whipping cream, add 1 teaspoon of good quality vanilla after
the cream is whipped.
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Egg-Rich Shortcake
Ingredients
whipping cream
turbinado sugar
Directions
1. In a large bowl, combine the flours, sugar, baking powder, and salt.
2. Using a pastry blender or 2 knives, cut in the butter and egg yolks until the
mixture forms coarse pieces.
3. Add the whipping cream and stir the mixture with a fork until most of the
dry ingredients have been moistened. Turn the ingredients onto the
counter and knead and fold until the dough is formed. Do not knead
longer than necessary.
4. Roll or pat the dough to about 3/4-inch thickness and cut with a biscuit
cutter. Place the biscuits on a greased baking sheet with the edges
touching. Brush the tops of the biscuits with whipping cream and then
sprinkle them with turbinado sugar
5. Bake for about 16 minutes or until the tops are just golden brown and
biscuits sound hollow when gently tapped. Serve warm.
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Other Shortcake Favorites
Shortcakes are a wonderful way to use any soft fruit. Of course strawberries are
the most popular. Any kind of berries are wonderful. So are bananas, mangos,
and peaches. If you are really feeling adventuresome, add cocoa to the recipe
for chocolate shortcakes. You can also add nuts or dried fruit.
Instead of vanilla whipped cream, make chocolate whipped cream or add cream
cheese.
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