ABSTRACT:

The Basic need of human beings are food, cloth and shelter.i.e (Home). The meaning of HOME is not simply constructing four walls &slab over it But it will provides comfort, healthy climate, Aesthetic beauty& living standards. All these requirements are fulfilled by a new concept i.e. GREEN BUILDING. Now there may be confusion in our mind that WHAT IS GREEN BUILDING ? It means1.Increasing efficiency with which building &their site use, water & materials etc.

2.Reducing Building impact on human health& environment through better site planning, design, operation, and maintenance till its life cycle.NOW a days pollution is tremendously increasing & it has ill effect on human being as well as environment. Day by day Harmony between human being &environment get reduces. By using green concept in our building planning ECOLOGICAL BALANCE between human & environment will be achieved.

CHAPTER NO.1. INTRODUCTION:

What is green building? Green Building is an outcome of a design which focuses on increasing the efficiency of resource use- energy, water, & materials-while reducing building impacts on human health & the environment during the buildings lifecycle, through better sitting, design, construction, operation, maintenance, & removal. Practitioners of Green Building often seek to achieve not only ecological but aesthetic harmony between a structure &its surrounding natural &built environment, although the appearance &style of sustainable buildings is not necessarily distinguishable from their less sustainable counterparts. There are many factors to consider while studying the impacts of buildings Land use and ecosystems where buildings are built Materials and practices used to construct buildings Material, chemical, energy and water resources used to maintain and operate buildings Demolition and waste of a building at the end of its life

Green Building involves minimizing these negative environmental and human health impacts and enhancing positive results throughout the buildings entire life cycle. In addition to environmental benefits, through integrated design, they can be constructed at the same or lower cost than conventional buildings.

CHAPTER NO.2. BENEFITS OF GREEN BUILDING

While looking towards benefit we classify them on various head like environmental benefit, economic benefit & health & community benefit. 1. 2. Environmental Benefits: Enhance & protect ecosystems & biodiversity. Improve air & water quality. Reduce solid waste & pollution. Conserve natural resources. Create a healthier living environment. Increase energy efficiency. Use of non toxic materials. Economic Benefits: Reduce operating costs Enhance asset value & profits. Improve employee productivity & satisfaction. Optimize life cycle economic performance. Better performance & durability. Health & community Benefit: Improve air, thermal & acoustic environments. Enhance occupant comfort & health. Minimize strain on local infrastructure. Contribute to overall quality of life. Reduce respiratory diseases by 9-20%. Increase occupant performance by 6-26%. Improvement of quality of life. 2

3.

CHAPTER NO.3. FEATURES OF GREEN BUILDING

Features of Green Building in terms of its Element is outlined as Below: 1. Site selection & Landscaping: The purpose of sustainable site planning is to integrate design & construction strategies by modifying both, the site & building to achieve greater human comfort & operational efficiency. it ensures Minimum Site disruption. Maximum usage of microclimate features. Appropriate landscape 2. Sustainable site planning:

Plan for basic amenities within walking distance of housing . this would reduce the use of private transportation . Confirm that the selected site does not fall within the disaster control Zone as specified by local authority . Ensure that basic amenities such as bank, child care , post office , park , library , primary school , clinic & community hall are near to or within the site premises. 3. Landscaping: Recycled plastic has been developed into a wide range of landscaping products. Protect and retain existing landscaping and natural features. Select plants that have low water and pesticide needs, and generate minimum plant

trimmings. Use compost and mulches. This will save water and time. 4. Energy Efficiency: As in the modern era energy demands are going up day by day. As a consequence of it there is greater damage to our ecology our nature our surroundings. As we cant stop the industries & other practices as it will stop growth & development of world. So there should be an approach in every field of civilization to control or minimize the effect on nature by any means.

The techniques mentioned below can help up to a large extinct to conserve energy. Allows us to use renewable energy to fulfill our daily needs of energy. it is also economical as well as everybody can afford it having very little effect on surrounding. A.) Building integrated PV: Building integrated PV System is powered by solar energy using solar cells that convert

solar energy (sunlight) directly to electricity. The electricity is stored in batteries and used for the purpose of lighting whenever

required. These systems are useful in non-electrified rural areas and as reliable emergency lighting

system for important domestic, commercial and industrial applications. The SPV systems have found important application in the dairy industry for lighting milk

collection/ chilling centers mostly located in rural areas. The system consist of Solar PV Module (Solar Cells), charge controller, battery and lighting system (lamps & fans). The solar module is installed in the open on roof/terrace - exposed to sunlight and the

charge controller and battery are kept inside a protected place in the house. The solar module requires periodic dusting for effective performance. The above systems are designed to give a daily working time of 3-4 hours with a fully

charged battery. The system provides for buffer storage for 1-2 non-sunny /cloudy days.

Although the initial costs of a BIPV system are high. There could be long term savings

through reduction in electricity consumption. 4

B.) GREEN POWER - Solar & Wind Energies Optimum use of available solar energy and other forms of ambient energy in building

designs and construction achieves Energy-Efficiency in Green buildings. Whatever combination of solar, wind, and utility power is available, the entire power

system would be greatly enhanced by a reliable zero maintenance, ultra-long life, lower lifecycle cost, power storage and management system. India, dealing with its energy crunch, being a tropical country, the idea that solar energy

and wind energy can be turned into electricity is appealing. Photovoltaic panels, small wind turbines, and fuel cells can be installed in existing

structures or incorporated into new construction. Implementation of energy-efficient systems and effective utilization of renewable energy

to reduce the pressure on grid power.

Windmills

Solarpanels

5.

Water Efficiency:

The Following table shows exact analysis of Loss of water During daily Life.

If we can save every drop of water then problem of shortage or wastage of water will not arises. Thus Water conservation is one of the major issues. Water conservation can be done in following ways: Rain water harvesting system. Recycling of waste water system. Using waterless Urinals.

Rainwater harvesting system: Rainwater harvesting is the process of collecting, filtering& storing water from roof tops, paved & unpaved areas for multiple uses. System of saving water-Rain Water Harvesting

In Green buildings, the superstructure is constructed over a cellar which is used to

capture the excess rainwater.

The basement is below the ground level and stores the water where it is treated and
cycled for use.

This method has a low maintenance cost and is user friendly. It is highly viable in both flood prone and draught prone areas to store the water from
rainy season for the summer. 6. Green Roofs: Green roofs are roofs that have been covered with dense plant life.

A Green Roof consists of a drainage layer and a waterproof membrane typically covered in a thin layer of 2-4 inches of soil compacted with low growing plants. 6

 Local weather conditions, temperature, and structural factors should determine the appropriate types of plants that are used. Common plant species include sedum, alpines, delosperma, succulents, and a wide variety of grasses and mosses.

The benefits of green roof include aesthetic beauty, environment, and economy. Green roofs:

significantly reduce the heat island effect Capture pollution particles, break them down and reabsorb them as fertilizer and respirate

oxygen back into the air.

Allow for the absorption of stormwater (up to 90% of an areas rainfall), and reduce

pollution runoff

Reduce surface temperature of the membrane up to 40% on hot afternoons Reduce noise pollution Are easy to install

7.

Materials Efficiency:

The use of green building materials & products represents one important strategy in the design of a building. Select sustainable construction materials and products by evaluating several characteristics such as Reused and recycled content, zero or low off gassing of harmful air emissions, zero or low toxicity, Sustainably harvested materials, High recyclability, durability, longevity, and local production.

Benefits of green building materials: Reduced maintenance/replacement costs over the life of the building. Energy conservation. Improved occupant health & productivity. Lower costs associated with changing space configurations. Greater design flexibility.

Some of the materials are: Aluminum Lime stone Rammed earth Fly ash Cast-in-situ fly ash walls Sintered Light Weight Aggregate Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Clay Fly Ash Bricks Bamboo Fly ash concrete Green paint

8. Orientation: Location of building with respect to cardinal direction is an important parameter of

design.

The warmer the climate, the more east and west facing glass will tend to cause

overheating problems. In general, south-east orientations present less of a problem than south-west. In the ideal situation, the house should be oriented east-west and so have its longest But as a practical matter, if the houses short side has good southern exposure it will

wall facing south.

usually accommodate sufficient glazing for an effective passive solar system, provide that the heat can be transferred to the northern zones of the house In order for passive solar systems to work effectively, care must be taking to ensure

that the building is oriented to take advantage of year-round energy savings. The ideal orientation for solar glazing is within 5 degrees of true south. This

orientation will provide maximum performance. Glazing oriented to within 15 degrees of true south will perform almost as well, and orientations up to 30 degrees off- although less effective will still provide a substantial level of solar contribution. 9. Indoor air quality: Indoor air is one of the Key parts of building from health point of view. POLLUTANTS RELATED TO BUILDING MATERIALS AND FURNISHINGS as 1. Ventilation, 2. Source removal or substitution, 3. Source modification, 4. Source avoidance, 5. Air purification, 6. Restrictions on the use of potentially hazardous chemicals in the home. 9 Insulating materials such as fiberglass can release particulate matter to indoor air. Radioactive gas radon-222 is emitted from construction materials such as bricks,

concrete, rock aggregates, plaster and mortar mixes. Domestic water, natural gas, underlying soils and groundwater also can release

substantial amounts of radon to the indoor atmosphere. Radon gas decays by a series of steps, involving emissions of alpha particles to yield

lead-210. Ultimately, the control of indoor air pollutants must be achieved through measures such

 CHAPTER NO.4. CASE STUDY:

Building name: palash- the green commune Building type: residential. Ownership: vilas javdekar& associates Address: 187/5 +6/1+6/2+7 Kalate nagar, near dutt mandir, wakad thergaon road, wakad. Location: Pune Year of completion: January 2008 Palash 2.0 operates on the principles of the 4R's:

Reduce - Reduce conventional energy usage, reduce wastage Reuse - Use alternative recyclable building materials, dual plumbing, bio gas generation

Recycle - Recycle water for landscaping purposes, use recycled garbage for energy generation.

Renew - Use renewable sources of energy such as solar and wind energy.

10

Internal specification: 1. Structure & architecture:

Organic architecture promotes harmony between human habitation & nature through

design. R.C.C. frame structure with Anti-termite Treatment. Use of industrial waste like Fly Ash reducing thermal cracks. RCC Construction designed as per Earthquake Resistant Norms.

11

2. Kitchen:

Vitrified Wall Tiling up to 7 feet above Kitchen Platform. Piped LPG Metered System. Plumbing and Electrical Provisions for Water Purifier System. Power Points for Kitchen Appliances. Washing Machine Provision in Utility Area.

3. Eco friendly features:

Structure in accordance with Solar passive design principles. Minimum common walls for maximum natural light and ventilation. Heat Reflective Exterior paint for better thermal insulation. Intelligent plumbing for effective water conservation. Water-Saving' dual flush cisterns for toilets. LowE glass for less heat transmission. Fully automatic Garbage chute with Dry-wet Garbage separator. Building terrace with heat reflective treatment. Intelligent electrical design reducing electrical load.

12

4. Walls & ceilings:

8" external & internal Fly-Ash Brick walls. Edges between walls and ceilings are reinforced with expandable material to minimize

the cracks by seasonal temperature variations. 20mm thick double coated external plaster for increased protection against weathering

and fungal formations. All Ceilings finished with super white POP.

5. Painting:

Eco-friendly paint (low VOC) in entire apartment ensuring minimal environmental

damage. External Acrylic Paint for long life suitable for Indian sub-tropical conditions. All Internal Walls & Ceilings in premium quality OBD

13

CHAPTER NO.5. CONCLUSION:

Energy consumption represent about 25% of a buildings total operating cost, making its conservation not only an environmental concern, but also an economic one; integrating energy efficient components from a building design is the best way to achieve optimal savings in both regards. The aim of green building design is to minimize the demand on non renewable resources, maximize the utilization efficiency of these resources & maximize the reuse, recycling & utilization of renewable resources. Its the need of the day for every new construction to be a green building and to modify the present buildings with its features.

14

CHAPTER NO.6. REFERENCES:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

The Indian Concrete Journal (May 2009) Construction & Business Records(Volume 7) www.greenbuildingdesign.org www.envis. Org. www. Green tech.com

15