EMPLOYABILITY AND ENHANCEMENT PROGRAMME (EEP)

LIVING IN THE MULTI-CULTURAL SOCIETY (EEP 2032)

Authors Prof. Dr. Abdul Rahman Abdul Aziz Prof. Madya Dr Rohana Yusof Prof. Madya Dr Rohani Abdul Ghani En Mohd Ainuddin Iskandar Lee En Muhammad Fuad Othman Dr. R. Sivaperegasam P. Rajanthiran Dr. Ismail Yusoff

Introduction
To date, Malaysia comprised of three main ethnic communities, namely Malays and Bumiputeras or sons of the soil, Chinese and Indians. The Malays were regarded by the British colonial rule as the the sons of the soil. Malaya achieved its independence on 31 August 1957 and on 16 September 1963 Sarawak and Sabah joined in and the country became known as Malaysia. The formation of Malaysia makes the ethnic composition multi-varied which include among others, the Iban, Kadazan, Dayak, Melanau, Bidayuh and others. Since independence, Malaysia embarked on building ties with her neighbours, hence the formation of ASEAN. Prior to the emergence of the concept of Globalization, Malaysia had already been involved at the world stage, through United Nation, Commonwealth and many other organizations. In fact, Malaysia is known as a country which embraces multi-cultural elements, and had proven to be a peaceful country despite its diversity.

Objectives
The main objective of this module is to enhance unity among the ethnic communities, through the followings:

a) Understand the nature of the ethnic composition of Malaysian society. b) Understand the relationship of each ethnic community to the progress thus far achieved by the country. c) Able to describe the relationship of Malaysia with the neighbouring countries. d) Able to strengthen social cohesion amongst the Malaysian multi-ethnic society. e) Able to know the social etiquette of the Malays and the Indigenous people of Malaysia f) Able to know the social etiquette of the Chinese people of Malaysia. g) Able to know the social etiquette of the Indian people of Malaysia.

The Module
Students have to read and digest the following speeches delivered by the Prime Minister of Malaysia on multi-ethnicity, multi-cultural, multi-religious etc. The core values in multi-ethnic community are tolerance, understanding and acceptance. Having digested the articles, students will have to discuss in their EEP sessions based on the questions posed by the facilitator.

The selected speeches from:

a) Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra (1955-1970) on A Place In the Sun For Everyone. b) Tun Abdul Razak Hussein (1970 1976) on The Richness of Multi-racial Cultural Heritage. c) Tun Hussein Onn (1976 1981) on Malaysia A True Friends of All Its Neighbors. d) Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad (1981- 2003) on Ethnic Relations and Nation Building & A United Malaysian Nation By The Year 2020. e) Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (2003-2009) on The Challenges of Multiethnic and Multicultural Societies. f) Dato Seri Najib Tun Razak (2009 20..) on Values of 1Malaysia

Workshops with the facilitators

Workshops will be held with all the facilitators to discuss the proposed questions for each of the above articles. Students must be able to grasp certain concepts during discussion.

ACTIVITY ONE A PLACE IN THE SUN FOR EVERYONE

Objective 1. Apply the existing knowledge to explain in general the nature of Malaysian society. 2. Communicate their ethnic identity in term of ethnicity and race. 3. Respond and adapt to the existing situations and be capable to adjust ones thought and feeling to the need for national unity. Learning Outcome 1. Students know in general the nature of Malaysian society 2. Students know the meaning of the term ethnicity and race 3. Students know how to adjust ones thought and feeling to the need for national unity Duration 1. Each member in the group will have to explain the general view of Malaysian society (2 minutes X 10 = 20 minutes). 2. Each member in the group will have to communicate their social background in term of ethnicity (race, religion, culture) and why he is in Malaysia today (3 minutes X 10 = 30 minutes). 3. Each person will have to find a partner, they will be asked to find a suitable place in the room, to discuss in private about their feeling towards other ethnic (10 minutes). 4. The facilitator will gather all students and he will explain the general concepts of multi-ethnic, multi-cultural, multi-religious (20-30 minutes). 5. Question and answer for 20-30 minutes on the feeling of the members of the group towards each other (A and B, A will have to explain to the group about B, vice-versa). Materials 1. A piece of paper and pencil. 2. A white board or flip-chart. How to conduct 1. Students will have to sit in U-curve position facing the facilitator. 2. Possibly one next to the other according to ethnic. The focus of the discussion

1. Concepts of multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multi-religious were not chosen by us, but were destined to us as individual.

Rationale 1. Race and ethnic of a person were destined and cannot be chosen. 2. In reality, there is no single nation in this world which is mono-ethnic. 3. But, our given situation is an asset, because we could get to know one another. Skills 1. Ability to communicate in simple English about his/ her self. 2. Ability to relate his/ her conditions to the contexts of Malaysian historical past. Values 1. 2. 3. 4. Understanding Acceptance Tolerance Historical faith

Philosophy 1. By knowing the condition of oneself in the context of Malaysia will enhance the feeling of solidarity.

ACTIVITY TWO THE RICHNESS OF MULTI-CULTURAL HERITAGE Objective 1. Communicate the general nature of Malaysian cultural heritage derived from the multi-racial nature of Malaysian society. 2. Apply own understanding of the ethnic cultural heritage. 3. Respond and adapt to the existing situations and be capable to accept and appreciate the differences. Learning Outcome 1. Students would be able to communicate and understand the general nature of Malaysian cultural heritage 2. Students would be able to respond and adapt, as well as accept and appreciate the differences

Duration 1. Each member in the group will have to explain the general view of Malaysian society (2 minutes X 10 = 20 minutes). 2. Each member in the group will have to communicate their social background in term of ethnicity (race, religion, culture) and why he is in Malaysia today (3 minutes X 10 = 30 minutes). 3. Each person will have to find a partner, they will be asked to find a suitable place in the room, to discuss in private about their feeling towards other ethnic (10 minutes). 4. The facilitator will gather all students and he will explain the general concepts of multi-ethnic, multi-cultural, multi-religious (20-30 minutes). 5. Question and answer for 20-30 minutes on the feeling of the members of the group towards each other (A and B, A will have to explain to the group about B, vice-versa). Materials 1. A piece of paper and pencil. 2. A white board or flip-chart. How to conduct 1. Students will have to sit in U-curve position facing the facilitator. 2. Possibly one next to the other according to ethnic.

The focus of the discussion 1. Concepts of multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multi-religious were not chosen by us, but were destined to us as individual.

Rationale 1. Race and ethnic of a person were destined and cannot be chosen. 2. In reality, there is no single nation in this world which is mono-ethnic. 3. But, our given situation is an asset, because we could get to know one another. Skills 1. Ability to communicate in simple English about his/ her self. 2. Ability to relate his/ her conditions to the contexts of Malaysian historical past. Values 1. 2. 3. 4. Understanding Acceptance Tolerance Historical faith

Philosophy 1. By knowing the condition of oneself in the context of Malaysia will enhance the feeling of solidarity.

ACTIVITY THREE MALAYSIA A TRUE FRIENDS OF ALL ITS NEIGHBOURS

Objective 1. Observe the role of Malaysia in relation to its neighbours (Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore, Manila, Brunei and other countries). 2. Observe the role of Malaysia in relation to organizations such as ASEAN, NAM, OIC, SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION etc. 3. Apply knowledge of laymen in international relations why we need those organizations & why the organizations need Malaysia? 4. Respond and adapt to the existing situations and understand the role of Malaysia in an international arena. Learning Outcome 1. Students would be able to observe the role of Malaysia in relation to its neighbours 2. Students would be able to understand the role of Malaysia in an international arena

Duration 1. Each member in the group will have to explain the general view of Malaysias foreign relations (2 minutes X 10 = 20 minutes). 2. Each member in the group will have to communicate their understanding as to why Malaysia played an important role at the international arenas (3 minutes X 10 = 30 minutes). 3. Three persons in a group to discuss the benefits derived from good foreign relations (10 minutes). 4. The facilitator will gather all students and he will explain the general concepts of Malaysia as friends of all its neighbours & Prosper Thy Neighbours. During the deliberations, questions will be asked to individuals as to what the benefits would be (60 minutes). Materials 1. 2. 3. 4. A piece of paper and pencil. A white board or flip-chart. Books published by Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Newspaper reports on issues in the neighbouring countries

How to conduct

1. Students will have to sit in U-curve position facing the facilitator. 2. Possibly one next to the other according to ethnic. The focus of the discussion 1.Concepts of multi-racial in the contexts of Malaysias neighbours. 2. Neighbours as a source of Malaysias stability. Rationale 1. The neighbouring countries were our true friends and interactions with them could enhance our economic prosperity. Skills 1. Ability to communicate in simple English about his/ her own thought on the role of Malaysia on the international stage. Values 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Understanding Acceptance Tolerance Appreciate Obedience Global Players

Philosophy 1. By knowing the different cultural traditions existed in the neighbouring country one could appreciate the differences. 2. The differences could be regarded as an opportunity to deepen our understanding on the beauty of various traditions. 3. Malaysia is truly Asia.

ACTIVITY FOUR FROM SOCIAL COHESION TO A UNITED MALAYSIAN NATION BY 2020 Objective 1. Apply the existing knowledge to explain the evolution of ethnic relations since independence on 31 August 1957. 2. Observe the importance of unity among the ethnic communities for the well being of all Malaysians. 3. Respond and adapt to the existing situations and emulate with deep feeling the inner meaning of unity in diversity and apply it in their everyday life Learning Outcome 1. Students would be able to apply the existing knowledge to explain the evolution of ethnic relations since independence 2. Students would be able to observe the importance of unity among the various multi-ethnic communities 3. Students are able to respond and adapt, to the meaning of unity in diversity Duration 1. Each member in the group will have to explain the general view of Malaysias aim of forming a single identity known as Bangsa Malaysia (2 minutes X 10 = 20 minutes). 2. Each member in the group will have to communicate their understanding as to why Malaysia needs to be portrayed as a single identity despite the differences (3 minutes X 10 = 30 minutes). 3. Three persons in a group to discuss the benefits derived from good relations between the ethnic communities (10 minutes). 4. The facilitator will gather all students and he will explain the general concepts of Unity in Diversity, Bangsa Malaysia, Development According to Our Own Mould. During deliberations, the facilitator will pose questions to the students, students will have to participate actively (60 minutes). Materials 1. A piece of paper and pencil. 2. A white board or flip-chart. 3. Books and speeches written by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad on The Way Forward and etc. 4. Newspaper reports on issues related to the debate on the future of Malaysian as a whole. How to conduct

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1. Students will have to sit in U-curve position facing the facilitator. 2. Possibly one next to the other according to ethnic. The focus of the discussion 1. Concepts of Bangsa Malaysia. 2. Unity in Diversity as practiced by all Malaysias Prime Minister. Rationale 1. Our neighbour irrespective of ethnic origins is our immediate relatives. 2. Each ethnic community has contributed to our well being. Skills 1. Ability to communicate in English about his/ her own thought on the role of Malaysian in forging ahead for the stability of the nation. Values 1. Understanding 2. Acceptance 3. Tolerance 4. Appreciate 5. Obedience 6. Global Players 7. Readiness 8. Culture of Excellence 9. Rational 10. Progressive Philosophy 1. Readiness to accept diversity as a source of strength for the nation.

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ACTIVITY FIVE
SOCIAL ETIQUETTE OF THE MALAYS AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLE

Objective 1. Apply the existing knowledge to explain the social etiquette of the Malays and indigenous people 2. Able to respect the various cultures, beliefs, taboos, and folklores of the Malays and the indigenous people 3. Respond and adapt to the existing situations and emulate with deep feeling the inner meaning of unity in diversity. Learning Outcome 1. Students would be able to apply the existing knowledge to explain the social etiquette of the Malays and indigenous people 2. Students would be able to respect the way of life of the Malays and the indigenous people 3. Students would be able to respond and adapt, as well as emulate the meaning of unity in diversity and apply it in their everyday life

Duration 1. Each member in the group will have to explain the general view of the current events that could threaten stability in the country (5 minutes X 10 = 50minutes). 2. Each member in the group will have to communicate their understanding as to why ethnic tensions happened in the country despite all the efforts of national unity campaign (5 minutes X 10 = 50 minutes). 3. Three persons in a group to discuss the shortcomings of the development programs that have caused bitter feeling in certain quarters of the community (20 minutes). Materials 1. A piece of paper and pencil. 2. A white board or flip-chart. 3. Books and speeches written by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad on The Way Forward and etc. 4. Newspaper reports on issues related to the debate on the events that have threatened the stability enjoyed by Malaysian. How to conduct 1. Students will have to sit in U-curve position facing the facilitator. 12

2. Possibly one next to the other according to ethnic. The focus of the discussion 1. Unity in Diversity as practiced by all Malaysias Prime Minister. Rationale 1. Our neighbour irrespective of ethnic origins is our immediate relatives. 2. Each ethnic community has contributed to our well being. Skills 1. Ability to communicate in English about his/ her own thought on the role of each Malaysian in forging ahead the stability of the nation. Values 1. Understanding 2. Acceptance 3. Tolerance 4. Appreciate 5. Obedience 6. Global Players 7. Readiness 8. Culture of Excellence 9. Rational 10. Progressive 11. Leadership 12. Humility 13. Loyalty 14. Education Philosophy 1. Readiness to accept diversity as a source of strength for the nation.

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ACTIVITY SIX
SOCIAL ETIQUETTE OF THE CHINESE PEOPLE OF MALAYSIA

Objective 1. Apply the existing knowledge to explain the social etiquette of the Chinese people. 2. Able to respect the various cultures, beliefs, taboos, and folklores of the Chinese people. 3. Respond and adapt to the existing situations and emulate with deep feeling the inner meaning of unity in diversity. Learning Outcome 1. Students would be able to apply the existing knowledge to explain the social etiquette of the Chinese people 2. Students would be able to respect the way of life of the Chinese people 3. Students would be able to respond and adapt, as well as emulate the meaning of unity in diversity and apply it in their everyday life Duration 1. Each member in the group will have to explain the general view of the current events that could further strengthen our stability (5 minutes X 10 = 50 minutes). 2. Each member in the group will have to communicate their understanding as to why we need the concept of social etiquette (5 minutes X 10 = 50 minutes). 3. Three persons in a group to discuss the strategies to emulate the spirit of social etiquette (20 minutes). Materials 1. A piece of paper and pencil. 2. A white board or flip-chart. 3. Books and speeches written by Dato Seri Najib on 1Malaysia and New Economic Model etc. 4. Newspaper reports on issues related to the debate on New Economic Model How to conduct 1. Students will have to sit in U-curve position facing the facilitator. 2. Possibly one next to the other according to ethnic.

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The focus of the discussion 1. Unity in Diversity as practiced by all Malaysias Prime Minister. Rationale 1. Our neighbour irrespective of ethnic origins is our immediate relatives. 2. Each ethnic community has contributed to our well being. Skills 1. Ability to communicate in English about his/ her own thought on the role of each Malaysian in forging ahead the stability of the nation. Values 1. Understanding 2. Acceptance 3. Tolerance 4. Appreciate 5. Obedience 6. Global Players 7. Readiness 8. Culture of Excellence 9. Rational 10. Progressive 11. Leadership 12. Humility 13. Loyalty 14. Education Values of 1 Malaysia 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Culture of Excellence Perseverance Humility Acceptance Loyalty Meritocracy Education Integrity

Philosophy 1. Readiness to accept diversity as a source of strength for the nation.

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ACTIVITY SEVEN
SOCIAL ETIQUETTE OF THE INDIAN PEOPLE OF MALAYSIA

Objective 1. Apply the existing knowledge to explain the social etiquette of the Indian people. 2. Able to respect the various cultures, beliefs, taboos, and folklores of the Indian people. 3. Respond and adapt to the existing situations and emulate with deep feeling the inner meaning of unity in diversity and apply it in their everyday life. Learning Outcome 1. Students would be able to apply the existing knowledge to explain the social etiquette of the Indian people 2. Students would be able to respect the way of life of the Indian people 3. Students would be able to respond and adapt, as well as emulate the meaning of unity in diversity in their everyday life Duration 1. Each member in the group will have to explain the general view of the current events that could further strengthen our stability (5 minutes X 10 = 50 minutes). 2. Each member in the group will have to communicate their understanding as to why we need the concept of social etiquette (5 minutes X 10 = 50 minutes). 3. Three persons in a group to discuss the strategies to emulate the spirit of social etiquette (20 minutes). Materials 1. A piece of paper and pencil. 2. A white board or flip-chart. 1. Books and speeches written by Dato Seri Najib on 1Malaysia and New Economic Model etc. 2. Newspaper reports on issues related to the debate on culture, etc. How to conduct 1. Students will have to sit in U-curve position facing the facilitator. 2. Possibly one next to the other according to ethnic. The focus of the discussion 1. New Prime Minister New Concept of National Unity. 2. Unity in Diversity as practiced by all Malaysias Prime Minister. 16

Rationale 1. Our neighbour irrespective of ethnic origins is our immediate relatives. 2. Each ethnic community has contributed to our well being. Skills 1. Ability to communicate in English about his/ her own thought on the role of each Malaysian in forging ahead the stability of the nation. Values 1. Understanding 2. Acceptance 3. Tolerance 4. Appreciate 5. Obedience 6. Global Players 7. Readiness 8. Culture of Excellence 9. Rational 10. Progressive 11. Leadership 12. Humility 13. Loyalty 14. Education Values of 1 Malaysia 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Culture of Excellence Perseverance Humility Acceptance Loyalty Meritocracy Education Integrity

Philosophy 1. Readiness to accept diversity as a source of strength for the nation.

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