ARHSES FOR MARKERS’ USE ONLY Section A 1. @) Ca+2H,0 + Ca(OH); + Hy 1 oo 2 r) | —test tube }—— (calcium metal) (mark for a correct set-up; 1 mark for the label of an appropriate gas collecting device) Gi) The calcium metal is covered by a layer of calcium oxide. Reaction between Ca and 1 ‘water starts only when the oxide layer dissolves. 1 or The reaction of calcium with water is exothermic. a ‘The reaction becomes faster at elevated temperatures. a) (Accept other reasonable answers.) (©) Any TWO of the following: 2 Potassium floats / moves about on the surface of water while calcium sinks. Potassium melts (to form a silvery ball) while calcium does not. Potassium bums (witha lilac flame) while calcium does not catch fire. ‘The reaction of potassium with water gives a hissing sound while that of calcium and water does not. ‘The reaction of calcium with water gives bubbles while that of potassium with water does not. (Accept other reasonable answers) o FOR MARKERS’ USE ONLY2 (@) or, or, (b) (b) ARHSSs FOR MARKERS’ USE ONLY ‘Treat the substances with concentrated H,SO,. ‘White ugar tums blac, while tbe salt ive a olounes gas / misty fumes Add acidified As lutions of ‘Aqueous solution of table salt gives a Suembine te, while the sugar solution does not. Heat the substances strongly. Only white sugar chars. ‘Warm the substances with NaOH / CaO / KOH. NH,C\G) reacts with NaOH(aq) to give an alkaline gas / a gas with a pungent odour, while Kis) does not. ;, Heat substances in a test tube. ‘NH,C\(s) sublimes upon heating while KC\s) does not. (Heat) the acids with copper metal. Only HNO;(aq) gives gas bubbles / brown fumes / a blue solution. ‘Aad the acids to Zn(s) / Fe(s) / Ma(s) HNO,(aq) gives a colourless gas which subsequently tums brown; H,SO,(aq) gives @ colourless gas only. “Treat the acids with BaCl,(aq) / Pb(NO3)x{aq) / SrCly(aq) / CaCh{aq). Only H,SO((aq) gives a white precipitate. (For each case, award 1 mark for the test and 1 mark for the observation(s).) Dissolve iodine in ethanol / alcohol. (1) his reduced by $0;? (aq) to colourless (aa). (2) Iedissolves in 1,1,1-trichloroethane. (1) is better than (2). In Q), the stain will be spread by 1,1,1-trichioroethane / the stain will remain on the coat when 1,1,1+trichloroethane vapourises. or, 1,1, |-trichloroethane is toxic / harmful. 2004-CE-CHEM 1-4 FABREN#$29 FOR MARKERS’ USE ONLY 1 oO 6)ARRESS2H FOR MARKERS’ USE ONLY 4, Chemical Knowledge (6 marks) Formation of acid rain : ‘Burning of coal (in power stations) gives sulpur dioxide. 1 or, Roasting of sulphur-containing ores gives sulphur dioxide. Q or, Burning of diese! (in diesel engines) gives sulphur dioxide. a) ‘Sulphur dioxide dissolves in rain water to give sulphurous acid. 1 Combination of Nz and O, at high temperatures, e.g, in car engines or power stations gives NO, / 1 NO/NO;. ‘NOs is finally formed which, when dissolves in rain water, gives FINO; / HINO. 1 or, Burning of chlorine-containing plastic wastes gives HC\(g) @ HCI(g) dissolves in rain water to give HC\(aq). @ Possible ways to reduce the formation of ac rain : —For sulphur dioxide : use lowsulphur coal /natural gas / wind power (etc) instead of high-sulphur coal 1 or, installation of scrubbers / flue gas desulphurisation system. @ ~For NO, : installation of catalytic converters in car exhaust systems, 1 or, installation of low nitrogen oxide burners / scrubbers in power stations. @ —For HCI: Installation of scrubbers in exhaust system of incinerators / treat plastic wastes by landfilling. (1) (Accept other possible ways for the removal of SO;, NO, and HCL) - © Effective communication (3 marks) General guidelines for marking effective communication : (The mark for effective communication should relate to the candidate's knowledge in chemistry. ‘A candidate who wrote a paragraph Which is totally unrelated to the question should deserve zero marks both in chemical knowledge and in effective communication. (The tabs below illustrates the relationship between the mark for chemical knowledge and the ‘maximum mark for effective communication, together with the points to be considered in ‘marking effective communication. ‘mark for chemical | maximum mark for effective | points to be considered in paragraph knowledge communication (iii) below 4or above Es (A), (B) and (C) Bor below 2 (B) and (C) (ii) ‘The three marks for effective communication are awarded as follows : (A) the ability to present ideas in a precise manner, including the proper use of ‘chemical terms (this mark should not be awarded to answers which contained a lot of incorrect/supertluous materials); 1 (B) the ability to present ideas ina systematic manner (.., the answer is easy to follow); 1 (©) the ability to present answer in paragraph form and to express ideas using fall sentences, GB) FOR MARKERS’ USE ONLY