Project On Types Of Marketing

Acknowledgement
We would like to acknowledge Ms Devyanjali for giving this project to us, as it helps us to understand what is Marketing and what are the types of marketing it is the great opportunity for us to put effort on this project. And I would also like to thank watumall Sadhubella College for giving such lively projects Which boost the confidence of students

CLASS:- TYBCBI
SUBMITED TO:- Ms Devyanjali SUBMITED By:-

roll no 04 24 28

Names Ashwini Chavhan Khushbu Shrivastav Nisha Vishwakarma

INTRODUCTION:
In today business there are multi-dimensional problem and opportunities. The subject matter of marketing is drawing more and more attention from Companies, Institution and Nation. Business has recognised the main difference between selling and marketing and they are no convinced to give more attention and importance to marketing. Even non-profit making Organisation use marketing technique to establish relation with the people. Pricing, Advertising and Marketing Research are being used to in over consumer resistance. Marketing is the world oldest profession. Right from the time of barter to money economy till today modern complex marketing system exchanges have been taking place. So we can say that marketing is the study of exchange process. Marketing is the process used to determine what products or services may be of interest to customers, and the strategy to use in sales, communications and business development. It generates the strategy that underlies sales techniques, business communication, and business developments. It is an integrated process through which companies build strong customer relationships and create value for their customers and for themselves. Marketing is used to identify the customer, satisfy the customer, and keep the customer. With the customer as the focus of its activities, marketing management is one of the major components of business management. The adoption of marketing strategies requires businesses to shift their focus from production to the perceived needs and wants of their customers as the means of staying profitable.

MEANING OF MARKETING:
Marketing is an important social economic activity. It is an essential activity for the satisfaction of wants and for raising social welfare. Marketing links producers and consumers together for mutual benefits. It facilitates transfer of ownership of goods and services from producers to consumers. Production will be meaningless if goods produced are not supplied to consumers through proper marketing mechanism. Modern marketing is global in Character. Customer is the most important person in the whole marketing process. He is the cause and the purpose of all marketing activities. According to Professor Drucker the first function of Marketing is to create a Customer. Marketing is a need satisfying process. It facilitates physical distributions and creates form utility, Place unity, Time utility, and Possession utility.

DEFINITONS OF MARKETING:
(1) According to William Stanton, Marketing is a total system of business activities designed to plan, price, promote and distribute want satisfying products to target markets in order to achieve organisational objectives.

(2)

According to Philip Kotler, marketing is a human activity directed at satisfying needs and wants through exchange process.

TYPES OF MARKETING
1] Organised Marketing 2] Regulated Market 3] Urban Market 4] Rural Market 5] Industrial Market 6] Consumer Goods Market 7] Service Market

1] Organised Market:
An Organised Market Function as per the certain welldefined Procedures, rules and regulation .it has its own constitution and managing body for supervision, regulation and control. The member of the organised market are supposed to conduct transaction as per the well-defined rules .organised market provide safety and security to all transaction since the government excise supervision and control on these markets .the basic purpose is to check unauthorised ,speculative and undesirable activities in these market. The stock exchange, the regulated market, produce exchange and bullion market, are example of organised market.

2] Regulated Market:
The regulated markets are established as per the provisions of the Marketing of Agricultural Produce Acts of the State Government. The Commodities, with which the market will deal, are also declared. Regulated markets for the sale and purchase of agriculture commodities like oilseeds, food grains, cotton, and jute. These market s exist in rural and semi urban area at district and taluka places. These markets eliminate unhealthy market practices, reduce marketing charges and ensure fair price .they are started either for any specific commodity or for a group of commodities.

History of Regulated Markets

India is an agrarian economy. Approximately 70% of people are dependent on agriculture for their basic income. Indian agriculture is dependent on rain and Indian economy is dependent on agriculture. That is main reason why marketing of agriculture products is dependent on demand and supply conditions. Earlier the farmers were worried about the sales of their produce and due to low quality they could not fetch a good price. The produce had many defects and the royal commission in 1928 studied this. There werent enough marketing activities carried on by the farmers. So the royal commission suggested commencing with the regulated markets and accordingly various market committees were incorporated.

The three basic functions of this committee were .

1) To meet the demand of the Increase in population and industrial advancement 2) To increase the quality of agriculture produce 3) To fetch an appropriate price for the farmers the sale of produce in the market yard is carried on by open auction method. During any deal or transaction an employee from the association is present to note all the details of the deal like transaction cost, quantity, details of buyers and details of sellers, etc. The committee also undertakes grading. In case any default in payment by the buyer the market committee helps in settling the dispute.

Basic objectives of Regulated Market

To ensure reasonable gain to the farmers by creating environment in markets for fair play of supply and demand forces, To regulate market practices and attain transparency in transactions Aimed at providing proper method of sale, correct weighing, prompt payment and various marketing related services . Democratic set up to control and manage markets For controlling the activities of the marketing, there is a Market Committee. The Committee consists of representatives of the farmers, commission agents and the Government nominees.

Functions of Market Committee

The complete management of the market rests with the Market Committee. The Committee issues licenses to the Commission Agents, weigh men, and other functionaries. The rate of Commission to be charged is fixed by the Committee. Weighment is done properly by the weigh men appointed by the Committee. There is an arbitration Sub-Committee to look into the grievances of the farmers. Advent of regulated markets has helped in mitigating the market handicaps of producers/ sellers at the wholesale assembling level. With the establishment of regulated markets, many fraudulent practices of the brokers are observed in the unregulated markets are overcome and the farmers get reasonable price for their produce. Not only this, amenities like rest house, place for parking of vehicles, cold-storages, etc. are also created in the market yards for the benefit of the farmers. In this respect, Government Policy is to have rapid expansion of the regulated markets in the country.

Agriculture-Markets in India as on 31.03.2010

Types of Markets Wholesale Markets in India (majority are regulated markets) Rural Primary Markets (about 15% are regulated markets) Total Principal Regulated Markets Regulated Sub-yards Total Market

No. of Markets 6261

20870 20870 2459 5006 7465

(Only 286 regulated markets in 1950) Regulated markets have achieved only limited success and Rural Periodic Markets in general, and the tribal markets in particular, remained out of its developmental ambit.

3] Urban Market: The term urban can be defined as the metropolitan area that has a population of more than 50,000 people residing in it .urban markets refer to the marketing of commodities in the markets, where sufficient infrastructural is available. These market provided positive opportunities in the form of new technologies ,idea intensive industries and consumption amenities.

The urban market has the following characteristics:

(a) Concentrated Market. (b)Higher standard of living. (c) Modern outlook. (d)Infrastructural Facilities. (e) Saving habits (f) Urban Finance. (g)Location of Consumers clustered. (h)Higher literacy Rate. (i) Better lifestyle

[4] Rural market: Rural marketing refers to marketing activities in rural areas, which cover major portion of total geographical area and population of the country .the Indian rural market with its vast size and demand base offers ample opportunities to the marketers .India lives in villages. More than 50% of national income is generated in rural area. this suggests that rural markets dominates Indian marketing scene and need special attention for the expansion of marketing activities are also providing better life and welfare to the rural people . The following is the profile of rural marketing: (a) Large number of buyers. (b) Local features. (c) Larger Scattered Market. (d) Demand relates to harvest season. (e) Rural consumer get income from agriculture. (f) Rapidly changing structure. (g) Fast changing demand Pattern. (h) Change in the outlook of rural consumer.

The Features of Indian Rural Markets

1) Large and Scattered Market: - The rural market of India is large and scattered in the sense that it consists of over 63 crore consumers from 5, 70,000 villages spread throughout the country.

2) Major Income from Agriculture: - Nearly 60 % of the rural income is from agriculture. Hence rural prosperity is tied with agricultural prosperity. Roughly speaking, a location is defined as rural, if 75 per cent of the population is engaged in agriculture related activity. In India, close to 70 per cent of the population is agrarian and contributes to about one-third of Indias GNP.

3) Low Standard of Living: - The consumers in the village area do have a low standard of living because of low literacy, low per capita income, social backwardness, low savings, etc.

4) Traditional Outlook: - The rural consumer values old customs and tradition. They do not prefer changes.

5) Diverse Socio-Economic Backwardness: - Rural consumers have diverse socio-economic backwardness. This is

different in different parts of the country.

Factors contributing to the growth of rural market:

1.New Employment Opportunities: The income from new employment and rural development efforts launched in the rural areas has increased the purchasing power among the rural people. Self employment policy with the assistance from the bank has become a great success in the rural areas.

2.Green Revolution: A technological break through has taken place in Indian agriculture. Rural India derived considerable benefit from green revolution. Today, rural India generates 185 million tones of food grains per year and substantial output of various other agricultural products.

3.Expectation Revolution among Rural Masses: More than the green revolution, the revolution of rising expectation of the rural people influenced the marketing environment of rural India. It brought about a powerful change in the

environmental dynamics. It enlarged the desires as well as the awareness of the rural people.

4.Favorable Government Policies: As a part of the process of planned economic development, the government has been making concerted efforts towards rural development. The massive investment in the rural India has generated new employment, new income and new purchasing power. In the recent years as a part of new farm policy, high support prices are offered for farm products. Various measures like tax exemption in backward areas, subsidy, concessions, incentives, assistances, literacy drive in rural areas has brought rapid growth of rural markets.

5.Literacy Growth: The literacy rate is on the increase in the rural areas. This brings about a social and cultural change in the buying behaviour of the rural consumer. They are exposed

to mass media which create new demand for goods and services.

6.Growth in Income: The rise in the income resulting from the new farming strategy is adding meaning and substance to the growing aspirations of the rural people. Remittances from Indians working abroad have also made a sizeable

contribution to the growing rural income and purchasing power.

7.Attraction for Higher Standard of Living:

The rural

consumers have been motivated to change their consumptions habits enjoy a higher standard of living by the growing awareness about better living and easy availability of information about the goods.

8.Marketing Efforts: Firms like Bajaj, HLL, etc., have started penetrating the rural market realizing the rising expectations and the demand revolution in the rural India.

General Pricing in Rural Markets

a)Low Cost/Cheap Products: The price can be kept low by low unit packing like paisa packs of shampoo sachets etc. This is a very common strategy which is being widely adopted by many marketers.

b)Refills/Reusable Packaging: The refill packs benefits the consumers in terms of price. Such measures can have significant impact too, since the price can be reduced to the advantage of rural consumers. In addition the packaging material used should be reusable in rural areas. Most fertilizers companies pack fertilizers in LDPE or HDPE sacks which can be washed & reused, which are in demand by the farmers.

c)Application of Value Engineering: The application of value engineering evolves cheaper products by substituting costly raw material with a cheaper one. We now find costly materials being replaced by cheaper reinforced plastic. This technique does not sacrifice the technical efficiency of a product but lowers the product price.

Rural Product Categories

The NCAER has categorized the consumer goods into three categories. Category IProducts are of immediate use to the family. E.g.- bicycles, fans etc. Category II- Products are a combination of entertainment products and products that ease household work strain. E.g. mixer grinder, cassette player etc. Category III- Here products are a combination of means to supplement income, easy household working, and source of entertainment. E.g. - washing machine, motorcycle, etc.

[5] Industrial Marketing:

Meaning:
Industrial Goods marketing means marketing of Industrial Goods Which are required for the conduct of manufacturing activities Industrial goods are not for direct consumption like consumer goods. Industrial goods include raw wood and material, machinery machine parts, fabricated material, machine tools, spare parts, operating supplies, accessory equipment, essential supplies, accessory equipment, essential supplies and even other business services such as banking , insurance , a repair service and consultancy services which are used in the manufacturing activities .

Definition:
According to American Management Association, industrial goods are product, destined to be sold primarily for use introducing other goods or rendering services as contrasted with goods defined to be sold primarily to the ultimate consumer.

The main features of industrial goods marketing are:

1] Marketing is one to-one in nature .it is relatively easy for the seller to identify a prospective customer and To build a face-to face relationship. 2] Highly Professional and Trained people in buying processes are involved .in many cases two or three decision makers have to be considered in purchasing industrial products.

3]

High value considered purchase.

4] Purchase decision is typically made by group of people not one person. 5] Often the buying/selling process is complex and includes many stages. 6] Selling activities involved long processes of prospecting, qualifying, wooing, making representations, preparing tenders, developing strategy and contract negotiations.

Industrial Markets goods:Industrial markets involve the sale of goods between businesses. These are goods that are not aimed directly at consumers. Industrial markets include Selling finished goods Examples include office furniture, computer systems Selling raw materials or components Examples include steel, coal, gas, timber Selling services to businesses Examples include waste disposal, security, accounting & legal services Industrial markets often require a slightly different marketing strategy and mix. In particular, a business may have to focus on a relatively small number of potential buyers (e.g. the IT Director responsible for ordering computer equipment in a multinational group).

Marketing Practices Used in Industrial Goods:

The following are some of the marketing practices used in Industrial Goods Marketing: (a) As a general rule, manufacturers prefer to sell industrial goods directly to the buyers as only some industrial products are responsive for Channel based sales approach. (b) Direct selling of industrial goods has certain problems, for example, more finance will be required for direct selling. The selling expenses will have to be shared by the manufacturer himself. If suitable for marketing through distributors, manufacturers prefer to sell through exclusive distributors. (c) In order to market industrial goods, the marketing personnel should be technically qualified and trained in salesmanship. As industrial goods are costly, the purchasers will take favourable decision only when he is fully satisfied with the quality, price, utility and other things. (d) Prompt and satisfactory after sales service acts as a positive selling point for promoting sales. (e) Advertising is of limited use to sell industrial goods. Personal selling and sales promotion measures are more important. Demonstrations of product is very effective to sell industrial goods. For marketing industrial products, shorter Channel is used so as to have minimum of physical handling. (f) Industrial goods marketing is becoming complicated due to the market competition and new products in the market. It is turning out to be challenging job.

Consumer Goods Marketing:

Meaning:
Consumer marketing means a market for consumer goods .consumer goods are purchased for direct and final use by the purchased and not used by further processing .consumer goods marketing relates the consumer product of daily use such as toilet soap ,detergents ,toothpaste ,oil ,grocery items ,cosmetic ,Ready-made Garments and consumer durable such as radio, TV, refrigerators, mixers, fans, computers and sewing machines. The demand for consumer goods is direct, regular and also elastic .These goods have a wide market and the market competition is also severs.

Definition:
According to the committee on definitions of American Management Association, Consumer goods are products destined for use by ultimate consumers or household and in such form that they can be used without further processing.

Types of Consumer Goods

Buying habits such as convenience goods, shopping goods, and specialty goods and Durability such durable goods, semidurable goods, and non-durable goods.

Convenience Goods:
Goods which are easily available to consumer, without any extra effort are convenience goods. Mostly, convenience goods come in the category of nondurable goods such as like fast

foods, confectionaries, and cigarettes, with low value. The goods are mostly sold by wholesalers to make them available to the consumers in good volume. Further, convenience goods can be sub-categorized into:

Staple Convenience Consumer Goods:

Goods which come under the basic demands of human beings are called staple convenience goods. For eg: milk, bread, sugar etc.

Impulse Convenience Consumer Goods:

Goods which are brought without any prior planning or which are brought impulsively are called impulse convenience goods. For eg: potato wafers, candies, ice creams, cold drinks etc.

Shopping Consumer Goods:

In shopping consumer goods, consumer do lot of selection and comparison based on various parameters such as cost, brand, style, comfort etc, before buying an item. They are costlier than convenience goods and are durable nature. Consumer goods companies usually try to set up their shops and show rooms in active shopping area to attract customer attention and their main focus is to do lots of advertising and marketing to become popular. Goods like

Clothing Items Televisions Radio Foot Wears Home Furnishing

All these come under the category of shopping goods.

Specialty Consumer Goods:

Goods which are very unique, unusual, and luxurious in nature are called specialty goods. Specialty goods are mostly purchased by upper-class of society as they are expensive in nature. The goods don't come under the category of necessity rather they are purchased on the basis personal preference or desire. Brand name and unique and special features of an item are major attributes which attract customer attraction in buying them.

Examples of Specialty Products are: Antiques jewellery wedding dresses cars

Non Sought Consumer Goods:

Goods or Services like insurance which are available in the market but customer is not really interested in buying them are called non-sought goods.

Durable Consumer Goods:

Goods which have long life span and usage period are called durable goods.

Examples: Furniture Kitchenware Consumer Electronics

Semi-Durable Consumer Goods:

Goods which have limited life span or usage period are called semi-durable goods.

Examples: Clothes Foot Wears Artificial Jewellery Home Furnishing

Non Durable Consumer Goods:

Goods have a very short life span and are perishable in nature are called non-durable goods.

Examples: Milk Bread

Features of Consumers Goods Marketing :

(a) Consumer goods have large number of buyers and sellers spread over the whole country. Every individual has to purchase consumer items for meeting his regular needs. (b) The market for consumer goods is widespread. every village, taluka and district places, cities and towns are a market for consumer goods. (c) Consumer goods may be durable or perishable, lowpriced or high-priced and necessity or luxury. Fish or bread is a perishable consumer item and it must be used

quickly. Durable consumer items like TV set, automobile, mixer, etc. can be used over many years. (d) The demand for consumer goods is always continuous. It is a primary demand and not a derived demand. The purchase for personal consumption is made in small quantities due to regular supply and limited purchasing capacity of consumers. (e) Buyers of consumer goods have limited information about the consumer items. Naturally, they are dependent on the retailers for such information. (f) The market for consumer goods is highly competitive. This competition is among the manufactures and also among the retailers like departmental stores and supermarkets. (g) Salesmanship as well as sales promotion techniques are used extensively in the marketing consumer items. Consumers prefer to purchase as per the information and guidance offered by the salesman. As the products are identical, modifications in the product are frequent. Sales promotion techniques at consumer level and also at the dealer level are required. (h) Marketing of consumer goods is risky as the demand is elastic frequent changes take place in the taste and fashions of consumers. The needs and expectations also change.

Consumer Goods Marketing in India:

(a) There is growing popularity of consumer goods marketing in India, as these goods are being marketed on large-scale in the urban and rural markets in India. The socio-economic factors are favourable for the growth of consumer goods marketing in recent years. (b) There is a considerable expansion in regards to the size of consumer goods market. The market of certain consumer items such as cosmetics and toiletries has increased considerably in recent times .even the sale of consumer durables like bicycles, electric, fans, domestic refrigerators, TV sets etc has increased. (c) Foreign companies or multinational are also entering on large-scale in Indian consumer market. Even Indian manufacturing companies are trying to introduce new consumer items though collaboration and joint venture. Liberalisation of imports and reduction of duties will facilitates this process. (d) The present marketing environment is favourable for rapid growth of consumer goods marketing. The middle- class in the country. emerges as the consumption community in the country. The demand for consumer items is fast-growing even in the rural markets. The lifestyles of all social groups are changing. People have desire and capacity to purchase new and normal products even when the prices are high.

CONSUMER GOODS MARKETING INDUSTRIAL GOODS MARKETING:

V/S

Consumer Goods Marketing (1) Meaning: Marketing of Consumer Goods means marketing of goods required by consumers regularly for meeting the daily needs.

Industrial Goods Marketing

Marketing of industrial goods means marketing of goods required by producers and service organisations for manufacturing activities.

(2) Demand: The demand for consumer goods is a direct demand for the satisfaction of wants. Such demand is also for immediate consumption.

The demand for industrial goods is a derived demand for the products manufacture d out of industrial goods. Such demand is not for direct consumption.

(3) Frequency of Purchase: The frequency of purchases The frequency of purchases is is high for consumer goods less as industrial goods are as many consumer items durable and can be used for a are used in the daily life. longer period. (4) Buyers: The buyers of consumer Buyers of industrial goods goods are usually have specialised knowledge of consumers and they do not the product. The seller is possess specialised

knowledge of the product.

supposed to supply all technical details, demonstrations, utility and advantages of the product to the purchaser.

(5) Location of Buyers: The buyers of consumer On the other hand the buyers goods are spread in the of industrial goods are located whole contry. in certain areas such as industrial townships. (6) Cost: Consumer goods have a low unit value and are nontechnical and at least complex. They are purchased in a casual manner. (7) Effectiveness of Advertising: Advertising and emotional appeals are useful in promoting the sale of consumer goods. Salesmanship is useful in a limited way. Radio, TV, newspapers, etc, are used extensively as advertising media.

Industrial goods are costly, complex and technical in nature. They are purchases out of proper planning and firm decisions on the part of the purchaser.

In sale of industrial goods, advertising is useful only for giving information to potential buyers. Personal selling certainly plays an important role. Trade journals and brochures are used as advertising media.

(7) Services Marketing:

The industrial Revolution brought changes not in the production but also in the service marketing. The service industries journal defines service as any primary of complementary activities that does not directly produce the physical product, that there is the non-goods part of transaction between buyer and the seller.

There are five characteristics to a service which will be discussed below.

Characteristics of a Service

1. Lack of ownership.
You cannot own and store a service like you can a product. Services are used or hired for a period of time. For example when buying a ticket to the USA the service lasts maybe 9 hours each way , but consumers want and expect excellent service for that time. Because you can measure the duration of the service consumers become more demanding of it.

2. Intangibility
You cannot hold or touch a service unlike a product. In saying that although services are intangible the experience consumers obtain from the service has an impact on how they will perceive it. What do consumers perceive from customer service? the location, and the inner presentation of where they are purchasing the service?.

3. Inseparability
Services cannot be separated from the service providers. A product when produced can be taken away from the producer. However a service is produced at or near the point of purchase. Take visiting a restaurant, you order your meal, the waiting and delivery of the meal, the service provided by the waiter/ress is all apart of the service production process and is inseparable, the staff in a restaurant are as apart of the process as well as the quality of food provided.

4. Perishibility
Services last a specific time and cannot be stored like a product for later use. If travelling by train, coach or air the service will only last the duration of the journey. The service is developed and used almost simultaneously..

5. Heterogeneity
It is very difficult to make each service experience identical. If travelling by plane the service quality may differ from the first time you travelled by that airline to the second, because the airhostess is more or less experienced.A concert performed by a group on two nights may differ in slight ways because it is very difficult to standardise every dance move.

SERVICE MARKETING MIX CONSIST THE FOLLOWING VARIABLES

The product marketing mix consists of the 4 Ps which are Product, Pricing, Promotions and Placement. These are discussed in my article on product marketing mix the 4 Ps. The extended service marketing mix places 3 further Ps which include People, Process and Physical evidence. All of these factors are necessary for optimum service delivery. Let us discuss the same in further detail.

Product The product in service marketing mix is intangible

in nature. Like physical products such as a soap or a detergent, service products cannot be measured. Tourism industry or the education industry can be an excellent example. At the same time service products are heterogenous, perishable and cannot be owned. The service product thus has to be designed with care. Generally service blue printing is done to define the service product. For example a restaurant blue print will be prepared before establishing a restaurant business. This service blue print defines exactly how the product (in this case the restaurant) is going to be.

Place - Place in case of services determine where is the

service product going to be located. The best place to open up a

petrol pump is on the highway or in the city. A place where there is minimum traffic is a wrong location to start a petrol pump. Similarly a software company will be better placed in a business hub with a lot of companies nearby rather than being placed in a town or rural area.

Promotion Promotions have become a critical factor in the

service marketing mix. Services are easy to be duplicated and hence it is generally the brand which sets a service apart from its counterpart. You will find a lot of banks and telecom companies promoting themselves rigorously. Why is that? It is because competition in this service sector is generally high and promotions is necessary to survive. Thus banks, IT companies, and dotcoms place themselves above the rest by advertising or promotions.

Pricing Pricing in case of services is rather more difficult

than in case of products. If you were a restaurant owner, you can price people only for the food you are serving. But then who will pay for the nice ambience you have built up for your customers? Who will pay for the band you have for music? Thus these elements have to be taken into consideration while costing. Generally service pricing involves taking into consideration labour, material cost and overhead costs. By adding a profit mark up you get your final service pricing. You can also read about pricing strategies. Here on we start towards the extended service marketing mix.

People People is one of the elements of service marketing

mix. People define a service. If you have an IT company, your software engineers define you. If you have a restaurant, your chef and service staff defines you. If you are into banking,

employees in your branch and their behavior towards customers defines you. In case of service marketing, people can make or break an organization. Thus many companies nowadays are involved into specially getting their staff trained in interpersonal skills and customer service with a focus towards customer satisfaction.

Process Service process is the way in which a service is

delivered to the end customer. Lets take the example of two very good companies Mcdonalds and Fedex. Both the companies thrive on their quick service and the reason they can do that is their confidence on their processes. On top of it, the demand of these services is such that they have to deliver optimally without a loss in quality. Thus the process of a service company in delivering its product is of utmost importance. It is also a critical component in the service blueprint, wherein before establishing the service, the company defines exactly what should be the process of the service product reaching the end customer.

Physical Evidence The last element in the service

marketing mix is a very important element. As said before, services are intangible in nature. However, to create a better customer experience tangible elements are also delivered with the service. Take an example of a restaurant which has only chairs and tables and good food, or a restaurant which has ambient lighting, nice music along with good seating arrangement and this also serves good food. Several times, physical evidence is used as a differentiator in service marketing. Imagine a private hospital and a government hospital. A private hospital will have plush offices and well dressed staff. Same cannot be said for a government hospital. Thus physical evidence acts as a differentiator.

VOTE OF THANKS
We are really thankful to you for giving us the opportunity to explore our talent. We have got a great wealth of knowledge about Marketing during this project. And special knowledge about the Types of market. We give you a special note of thanks and expect many such knowledgeworth and many such informative projects

Thank you

Bibliography
Website:Google search engine www.wikipedia.com www.investopedia.com www.amazon.com