Questão 2

a ¿ ∫ sen 3 xcos 2 xdx

1
senacosb=
2
[ sen ( a+b ) + sen( a−b) ]

1 1
sen 3 xcos 2 x=
2
[ sen ( 3 x+ 2 x ) +sen (3 x−2 x) ]= [ sen 5 x + senx ]
2

∫ sen 3 xcos 2 xdx= 12 [∫ sen 5 x dx +∫ senx dx ] = 12 [ −cos 5 x

5 ]
−cosx +C

∫ sen 3 xcos 2 xdx=− [ cos 5 x

5 ]
+ cosx +C

b ¿ ∫ senxsen 3 xdx

1
senacosb=
2
[ cos ( a−b ) −cos(a+b)]

1 1
senxsen3 x=
2
[ cos ( x−3 x )−cos (x +3 x ) ] = [ cos 2 x−cos 4 x ]
2

∫ senxsen3 xdx= 12 [∫ cos 2 x dx−∫ cos 4 x dx ]= 12 [ sen 2 x sen 4 x

2
−
4
+C
]
c ¿∫ cos 7 xcos3 xdx

1
cosacosb=
2
[ cos ( a+b )−cos (a−b)]

1 1
cos 7 xcos 3 x=
2
[ cos ( 7 x +3 x )−cos (7 x−3 x) ] = [ cos 10 x−cos 4 x ]
2

∫ cos 7 xcos 3 xdx= 12 [∫ cos 10 x dx−∫ cos 4 x dx ] = 12 [ sen 10 x sen 4 x

10
−
4 ]
+C

d ¿∫ cos xdx
3

∫ cos 3 xdx =∫ cosx (1−c os2 x ¿ )dx=∫ sen2 xcosxdx ¿

Trocando de variável:

u=senx ; du=cosxdx
3
u
∫ sen xcosxdx=∫ u du=
2 2
3

Voltando para x:
 3
∫ sen2 xcosxdx= sen3 x +C
Questão 4
π
a ¿ ∫ cosmxsen nx dx
−π

Identidade trigonométrica:

1
senacosb=cosbsena=
2
[ sen ( a+b )+ sen (a−b)]

1
cosmxsen nx=
2
[ sen ( mx+ nx )+ sen( mx−nx) ]

1
cosmxsen nx=
2
[ sen ( m+n ) x+ sen (m−n)x ]
π π π
1 1
∫ cosmxsen nx dx= ∫
2 −π
sen ( m+n ) xdx+ ∫ sen ( m−n ) xdx
2 −π
−π

Resolvendo separadamente as integrais:

π

∫ sen ( m+ n ) xdx
−π

u=( m+ n ) x ; du=( m+ n ) dx
π x=π
1 1
∫ sen ( m+ n ) xdx = ∫ senudu= (m+n) −cosu| x =π
−π (m+ n) x=− π x=−π
π

∫ sen ( m+ n ) xdx = (m+1 n) −cosu| x=−π

x=π = −1 cos ( m+n ) x| x =π
(m+n) x=−π
−π

π
−1
∫ sen ( m+ n ) xdx = (m+ n)
( cos ( m+n ) π− [ cos−( m+ n ) π ] )
−π

π
( ( m+n ) ¿ π ) 2
∫ sen ( m+ n ) xdx =−2 cos (m+n)
=
m+n
¿
−π

∫ sen ( m−n ) xdx

−π

u=( m−n ) x ; du=( m−n ) dx

π x=π
1 1
∫ sen ( m−n ) xdx= (m−n) ∫ senudu= (m−n) −cosu| x=π
−π x=−π x=−π
π
1 −1
∫ sen ( m−n ) xdx= (m−n) −cosu| x=π = cos ( m−n ) x| x=π
−π x=−π (m−n) x=−π
π
−1
∫ sen ( m−n ) xdx= (m−n) ( cos ( m−n ) π −[ cos−( m−n ) π ])
−π

π
(( m−n ) ¿ π) 2
∫ sen ( m−n ) xdx=−2 cos (m−n)
=
m−n
¿
−π

π π π

∫ cosmxsen nx dx= 12 ∫ sen ( m+n ) xdx+ 12 ∫ sen ( m−n ) xdx

−π −π −π

∫ cosmxsen nx dx= 12 m+2 n + 12 m−n

2
=
1
+
1
=
2m
m+n m−n m2−n2
−π

π
b ¿ ∫ senmx sen nx dx
−π

Identidade trigonométrica:

1
senasenb=
2
[ cos ( a−b ) −cos(a+b)]

1
senmx sen nx=
2
[ cos ( m−n ) x−cos (m+n)x ]
π π π

∫ senmx sen nx dx= 12 ∫ cos ( m−n ) xdx− 12 ∫ cos(m+n)dx

−π −π −π

Resolvendo separadamente as integrais:

π

∫ cos ( m−n ) xdx

−π

u=( m−n ) x ; du=( m−n ) dx

π x=π
1 1 1
∫ cos ( m−n ) xdx = m−n ∫ cosudu= m−n senu| x=π = sen ( m−n ) x| x=π
−π x=−π x=−π m−n x=−π
π
1
∫ cos ( m−n ) xdx = m−n ( sen ( m−n ) π −sen ( ( m−n )−π ) )
−π

π
1
∫ cos ( m−n ) xdx = m−n ( sen ( m−n ) π + sen ( ( m−n ) π ) )
−π

π
2 sen ((m−n) π )
∫ cos ( m−n ) xdx = m−n
=0
−π
π

∫ cos (m+ n)dx

−π

u=( m+ n ) x ; du=( m+ n ) dx
π x= π
1
∫ cos ( m+n ) xdx= m+n ∫ cosudu= m+1 n senu|x=−π
x=π = 1 sen ( m+ n ) x| x=π
m+ n x=−π
−π x=−π

π
1
∫ cos ( m+n ) xdx= m+n ( sen ( m+n ) π−sen ( ( m+n ) −π ) )
−π

π
1
∫ cos ( m+n ) xdx= m+n ( sen ( m+n ) π +sen ( ( m+ n ) π ) )
−π

π
2 sen ((m+n) π )
∫ cos ( m−n ) xdx = m+n
=0
−π

π π π

∫ senmx sen nx dx= 12 ∫ cos ( m−n ) xdx− 12 ∫ cos(m+n)dx

−π −π −π

∫ senmx sen nx dx= 12 .0+ 12 .0=0

−π

Questão 5

Uma partícula desloca-se sobre o eixo com função de posição x=x ( t ) , t ≥ 0 . Determine x (t ) , sabendo que:

2
d x −t ( )
a¿ 2
=e ; v 0 =0 e x ( 0 )=1
dt

As condições de contorno são:

dx
t=0 ; v= =0 ; e x=0
dt

d ( dxdt ) =e
dt
−t
;→d ( dxdt )=e −t
dt

∫ d ( dx
dt )
=∫ e dt
−t

dx −t −t
=−e +C 1 ; → v=−e +C 1
dt

Aplicando as condições de contorno:t=0 ; v=0 ; → 0=¿−e 0 +C 1 ; 0=−1+C 1e C 1=1

A função velocidade será:

 −t −t
v=−e +C 1=−e + 1

x=∫ vdt=∫ (−e +1 ) dt=−∫ e dt+∫ dt =¿ e +t +C 2 ¿

−t −t −t

Aplicando as condições de contorno:

t=0 ; x=1 ; x=e−t +t +C 2 ; 0=e 0+ 0+C 2=1+C 2e C 2=−1

−t
x=e + t−1
2
d x
b¿ 2
=sen 3t ; v ( 0 )=0 e x ( 0 )=0
dt

As condições de contorno são:

d ( dxdt ) =sen 3 t ;→ d dx =sen 3 tdt

dt ( dt )
∫ d ( dx
dt )
=∫ sen 3tdt

dx −cos 3 t −cos 3 t
= + C 1; → v= +C 1
dt 3 3

dx
t=0 ; v= =0 ; e x=0
dt

−cos 0 1 1
0= +C 1 ;C 1=0+ =
3 3 3

−cos 3 t 1
v= +
3 3

x=∫ vdt =∫ ( −cos3 3 t + 13 ) dt= −13 ∫ cos 3 tdt + 13 ∫ dt=¿ −sen9 3 t + 3t +C 2 ¿

Aplicando as condições de contorno:

−sen 3 t t sen 0 −1 1
t=0 ; x=0 ; x= + +C 2 ; 0= +0+C 2= +C 2 e C 2=
9 3 9 9 9

−sen 3t t 1
x= + +
9 3 9

Questão 6. Desenhe o conjunto A dado e calcule a área:

π
a ¿ A é o conjunto do plano limitado pelas retas x=0 ; x= e pelos gráficos de y=senx e y=cosx .
2

Pontos de interseção:
 π
y=cosx e y=senx ; cosx=senx ;tanx=1 e x= .
4

π/4 π/2
A= ∫ ( cosx−senx ) dx+ ∫ ( senx−cosx ) dx
0 π/4

A=senx| π / 4 π /4 π/2 π /2
0+ cosx|0−cosx| π / 4− senx| π /4

A=( sen ( π /4 ) −sen 0 ) + ( cos ( π /4 )−cos 0 ) −( cos ( π / 2 )−cos ( π /4 ) )−( sen ( π /2 )−sen ( π / 4 ))

A=
√2 + √ 2 −1+ √ 2 −1+ √ 2 =2 √ 2−2
2 2 2 2

π
b ¿ A é o conjunto do plano limitado pelasretas x=0 ; x= e pelos gráficos de y=cosx e y=1−cosx .
2

Pontos de interseção:

1
y=cosx e y=1−cosx ; cosx=1−cosx ; 2 cosx=1 ; cosx= e x=π /3.
2

π/3
A=∫ ¿ ¿
0
A=−x| π /3 senx π /3
0+2 |
π /2 π /2
0+ x| π /4−2 senx| π /3

A=− ( π3 −0)+2 (sen ( π /3) −sen 0)+( π2 − π4 )−2 (sen ( π /2) −sen ( π / 4) )
+2 √ + −2+ √ 2=
−π 3 π −π
A= −2+ √ 3+ √ 2
3 2 4 12
3
c ¿ A é o conjunto do plano limitado pelos gráficos de y =x −x e y=senπx ,com−1≤ x ≤ 1.

Os pontos de interseção são determinados como abaixo:

x 3
x −x senπx
-1 0 0
0 0 0
1 0 0

0 1
A=∫ ( x −x−senπx ) dx +∫ ¿ ¿
3

−1 0

0 1 1
|
4
x 0 0 2 1
A=
| | |
2 4
x x
4 −1− −1+ cosπx|−1−cosπx|0− 0+ 0 x
2 4 2

)( )( )(
1 −1 −1 1

( )( )( )
4 2 4 2 4 4 2 4
0 (−1 ) 0 (−1 ) 1 0 1 0
A= −
4 4
− −
2 2
⏞
+ cos ⏞
0−cos ⏞
⁡( −π ) − cosπ ⏞
−cos ⁡0 − − + −
4 4 2 2

−1 1 1 1 1 9
A= + +2+2− + =4+1− =
4 2 4 2 2 2

1
d ¿ A é o conjunto de todos os pontos tais que x >0 e 2
≤ y ≤ 5−4 x 2 .
x
 1
y= 2
; y=5−4 x 2
x

Pontos de interseção:

1 2 4 2
2
=5−4 x ;→ 4 x −5 x +1=0
x

Troca de variável :

5 ±√9 1
x 2=z ; 4 z 2−5 z+ 1=0 ; z= ; z1 =1e z2 =
8 4

Voltando para x:

x=± √ 1=± 1e x=±

√ 1
4
=±
1
2

Os pontos de interseção são:

−1 1
x=−1 ; y=1 ; x=1 ; y=1 ;x = ; y=4 ; x= ; y=4
2 2
1 1 1
A= ∫ 5−4 x 2−
−1/ 2
( 1
x 2 ) (1
) 1
dx + ∫ 5−4 x2 − 2 dx=2 ∫ 5−4 x2− 2 dx
1/ 2 x 1/ 2 x ( )
1
A=10 x| x3
1 1 1
|
1/2−8. 1/2+2. x 1 /2
3
|
 ( ) ( ( ) )+2( 11− 1/21 )
3
1 8 3 1
A=10 1− − 1−
2 3 2

7 7 2
A=5− −2=3− =
3 3 3

Questão 7

Uma partícula desloca-se sobre o eixo OX com velocidade v ( t )=sen 2t . Calcule o espaço percorrido entre
os instantes t=0 e t=π

O espaço percorrido é dado pela equação:

t=b
∆ S= ∫ v ( t ) dt ; e esta integralnão pode ser nula .
t=a

∆ S=A 1+|A 2|

| |
π/2 π
∆ S= ∫ sen 2dt + ∫ sen 2 dt
0 π /2

π /2
∆ S=
−1
2
cos 2t
0+
2
| |
1 cos 2 t|
π
π /2 |
∆ S=
−1
2
cos(2π
2
1
) (
−cos 0 + cos 2 π −cos
2
2π
2 )
−1 1
∆ S= (−1−1 ) + ( 1−(−1) )=1+1=2
2 2

Questão 8: Integrais tipo substituição

1
x
a ¿∫ dx
0 ( x+1 )5

Fazendo u=x +1 → du=dx e x=u−1

1 x=1 x=1

∫ ( x )5 dx= ∫ u−15
du= ∫ ( u−1 ) u du
−5

0 x+ 1 x=0 u x=0

Trocando os limites para a variável u: x=0 ; u=0+1=1 ; x=1 ; u=1+1=2

1 u=2 2

∫ ( x )5 dx= ∫ ( u−1 ) u−5 du=¿ ∫ ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿

0 x+ 1 u=1 1

2
|
1 −3
x u − 4 2=
−1 −3 −3 1 −4 −4
∫
0 ( x+ 1 )
5
dx=−
3 1+ u
4
1 3 |
( 2 −1 ) + ( 2 −1 )
4

∫(
0
x
x+ 1 )
5
dx=
−1 1
3 8 ( ) (
−1 +
1 1
4 16
−1 )
1

∫(
0
x
x+ 1 )
5
dx=
−1 1
3 8 ( ) (
−1 +
1 1
4 16
7 15 56−45 11
−1 = − =
24 64 192
=
192 )
0
du du
b ¿ ∫ x ( √ 1+ x )dx → u=1+ x ;
2 3 3 2
=3 x ; dx= 2 .
−1 dx 3x

Trocando os limites daintegral : x=0 ; u=1; x=−1; u=0

0 0 1

∫ x (√1+ x )dx=∫ x (√u) 3dux 2 = 13 ∫ u1/ 2 du= 13 . 23 u3 /2|10= 29 ( 1−0 )= 29

2 3 2

−1 −1 0

0
du
c ¿ ∫ x ( √ 1+ x ) dx →u=1+ x ;
2
=; dx=du e x =u−1
−1 dx

Trocando os limites da integral:

x=−1 ; u=0 ; x =0 ; u=1

0 1 1

∫ x ( √ 1+ x ) dx=∫ ( u−1 ) u
2 2 1 /2
du=∫ ( u −2 u+1 ) u
2 1/ 2
du
−1 0 0

0 1 1 1
∫ x ( √ 1+ x ) dx=¿∫ ( u5 /2−2 u3 /2 +u1 /2 ) du= 75 u7 /5|0− 6 u5 /3|0+ 2 u3 /2|10 ¿
2

−1 0
5 3
0

∫ x 2 ( √ 1+ x ) dx=¿ 57 ( 1−0 )− 65 ( 1−0 ) + 23 ( 1−0 )= 57 − 65 + 23 = 75−126

105
+70 19
=
105
¿
−1

2
du
d ¿∫ x2 ( x−2 )10 dx → u=x−2 ; =; dx=du e x=u+2
1 dx
Vamos resolver na variável u

u=x−2; x =1; u=−1; x =2; u=0

2 0 0 0

∫ x 2 ( x −2 )10 dx=∫ ( u+2 )2 u 10 du=∫ ( u2 + 4 u+ 4 ) u10 du=∫ ( u12+ 4 u11 +4 u 10) du

2

1 −1 −1 −1

0 0
|
2 0 13
∫ x ( x −2 ) dx=∫ ( u12+ 4 u 11+ 4 u10 ) du= u 11 0

| |
2 10 12
13 −1+ 4 u 4 u
1 −1 −1+ −1
12 11

0 0
|
2 13
u 11 0 =
1 1 4
∫ x ( x −2 ) dx=
| |
2 10 12 ( 0+ 1 )+ ( 0−1 ) + (0+1)
1 13 −1+ 4 u −1+ 4 u −1 13 3 11
12 11
2
1 1 4 33−143+156 46
∫ x 2 ( x −2 )10 dx= 13 − + =
3 11 429
=
429
1

1 2
x
e ¿∫ 2
dx → u=x +1 ;du=dx ; e x=u−1
0 ( x +1 )

Trocando os limites daintegral para a variável u :

x=0 ;u=1; x=1 ; u=2

1 2 2 2 2 2
( u−1 )
∫ ( x )2 dx=∫ ( )2 du=∫ ( u−1 )2 u−2 du=¿ ∫ ( u2−2u+1 ) u−2 du ¿
0 x+ 1 1 u 1 1

1 2 2 2

∫ ( x )2 dx=∫ ( u2 −2u+1 ) u−2 du=∫ ( 1−2u−1+u−2 ) du

0 x+ 1 1 1

1 2 2 2 2 2

( )
2
∫ ( x )2 dx=∫ ( 1−2u−1+u−2 ) du=∫ 1− 2u +u−2 du=∫ du−2∫ du
u
+∫ u−2 du
0 x+ 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 2 2 2 2

∫ ( x )2 dx=∫ du−2∫ du +∫ u−2 du=u| 2 lnu| 2 −1 2

1−u |1
0 x+ 1 1 1 u 1 1−2
1
x2 2 lnu| 2 2 =( 2−1 ) −2 ( ln 2−ln 1 )−( 2−1−1−1 )
∫ ( )2 dx=u|1−2 1−u−1|1
0 x+ 1

1
x2
( )
∫ ( )2 dx=1−2 ln2− 12 −1 =1−2 ln 2+ 12 = 3−22 ln2
0 x+ 1

π /6 π /6 π /6
f ¿ ∫ sen xdx= ∫ senx . sen xdx= ∫ senx . sen x . sen xdx
5 4 2 2

0 0 0
 {
2 2
Identidades trigonométricas : sen x +cos x=1
cos 2 x−sen2 x=cos 2 x
2 2
sen x =1−cos x
π /6 π /6

∫ sen 5
xdx= ∫ senx ( 1−cos x ) ( 1−cos x ) dx
2 2

0 0

π
π /6 6

∫ sen5 xdx=∫ senx (1−2 cos 2 x+ cos 4 x ) dx

0 0

π /6 π /6 π /6 π/6

∫ sen 5
xdx= ∫ senxdx−2 ∫ cos xsenxdx + ∫ cos 4 xsenxdx
2

0 0 0 0

Resolvendo separadamente as integrais:

π /6

∫ senxdx=cosx| π0/6 =cos ( π6 )−cos 0= √23 −1

0

π /6

∫ cos 2 xsenxdx → u=cosx=; du=¿−senxdx ¿

0

| | ( () )
π /6 x=π /6 3
u3 ( cosx ) π /6 −1 π
∫ cos 2
xsenxdx=¿− ∫ u du=− x=π /6 =−
2
= cos 3 −cos 3 0 ¿
0 x=0 3 x=0 3 0 3 6

(( ) ) ( )
π /6 3
√ 3 −1 = −1 3 √ 3 −1 = 8−3 √ 3 ¿
∫ cos xsenxdx=−¿ 13
2
2 3 8 24
0

π /6

∫ cos 4 xsenxdx →u=cosx =;du=¿−senxdx ¿

0

| | ( () )
π /6 x=π / 6 5 5
u x=π / 6 ( cosx ) π /6 −1 5 π
∫ cos xsenxdx=¿−
4
∫ 4
u du=−
5 x =0
=−
5 0
=
5
cos
6
5
−cos 0 ¿
0 x=0

(( ) ) ( )
π /6 5
1 √3 −1 = −1 9 √ 3 −1 = 32−9 √ 3 ¿
∫ cos xsenxdx=−¿
4
3 2 3 32 96
0

π /6 π /6 π /6 π/6

∫ sen5 xdx= ∫ senxdx−2 ∫ cos2 xsenxdx + ∫ cos 4 xsenxdx

0 0 0 0

( 8−324√3 )+ 32−996 √3
π /6

∫ sen5 xdx= √23 −1−2

0
 ( 8−312√ 3 )+ 32−996 √ 3
π /6

∫ sen5 xdx= √23 −1−

0

π /6

∫ sen5 xdx= 48 √ 3−96−64 +24

96
√ 3+32−9 √3 = 63 √ 3−128
96
0

1
x
g ¿∫ dx
0 1+ x 4
2
u=x ; du=2 xdx
1 x=1

∫ 1+xx 4 dx = 12 ∫ 1+u
du
2
1
= arctanu| x=1
2 x =0
0 x=0

Voltando para a variável x:

1

∫ 1+xx 4 dx = 12 arctan x2|x=1 = ( arctan 1−arctan 0 ) = ( −0) =

1 1 π π
0 x=0 2 2 4 8
π /3
senx
h¿ ∫ 2
dx
0 cos x

Fazendo u=cosx ; du=−senxdx

π /3 x=π / 3 x= π /3
senx du
∫ 2
dx=− ∫ 2
=− ∫ −2
u du=u | x=π /3
−1

0 cos x x=0 u x=0 x=0

Voltando para x

|x=π ( cos )
π /3
senx 1 1 1
∫ cos dx=cosx | x=π /3 = / 3=
−1
− =2−1=1
cosx
(3)cos 0
2
0 x x=0 x=0 π

Questão 9

a ¿ ∫ sen3 x cos 3 xdx=∫ sen2 x cos 3 xsenxdx =∫ ( 1−cos 2 x ) cos 3 xsenxdx

∫ sen3 x cos 3 xdx =∫ ( 1−cos 2 x ) cos3 xsenxdx=∫ cos3 xsenxdx−¿ ∫ cos 5 xsenxdx −¿ ¿ ¿
Fazendo u=cosx ; du=−senxdx
4
u6 −cos 4 x cos6 x
∫ sen3 x cos 3 xdx =−∫ u3 du+∫ u5 du= −u4 +
6
=
4
+
6
+C

b ¿ ∫ tan x sec xdx

3 2

2
Fazendo u=tanx ; du=sec xdx
 4 4
∫ tan3 x sec 2 xdx=∫ u3 du= u4 = tan4 x + C
c ¿∫ sen 2 x √ 1+cos x dx
2

√ 1+cos2 x= √ 1+
1+cos 2 x 1
2
= √ 3+ cos 2 x
√2
1
∫ sen 2 x √ 1+ cos2 x dx= √ 2 ∫ sen 2 x √3+ cos 2 x dx
du
Fazendo u=3+ cos 2 x ; du=−2 sen 2 x dx ; dx=
−2 sen 2 x

2 x √ u du −1
∫ sen 2 x √ 1+ cos2 x dx= √12 ∫ sen
−2 sen 2 x
=
2 √2
∫ √u du=
−1 2 3 /2
. u
2√ 2 3

−1
∫ sen 2 x √ 1+ cos2 x dx= 3 √ 2 ( 3+cos 2 x )3/ 2 +C
d ¿∫ senx √ 3+cosx dx

Fazendo u=3+ cosx

du=−senxdx
3/ 2
∫ senx √3+ cosx dx=−∫ √ u du=− 23 u =
−2
3
( 3+ cosx )3/ 2+ C

Questão 10

1
a ¿∫ dx
( x+1 ) ( x−1 )

1 A B
∫ ( x+ 1 )( x−1 ) dx=¿ ∫ x +1 dx+∫ x−1 dx ¿
1 A B
= +
( x+1 ) ( x−1 ) x+1 x −1

1= A ( x−1 ) + B(x +1)

1= ( A+ B ) x− A+ B

{−AA +B=0
+ B=1
1
;B= e A=
2
−1
2

1 1 dx 1 dx
∫ ( x+ 1 )( x−1 ) dx=¿ 2 ∫ x +1 − 2 ∫ x−1 ¿
 1 1
∫ ( x+ 1 )( x−1 ) dx=¿ 2 ¿ ¿
x −3
b ¿∫ 2
dx
x +3 x +2
2 2
x + 3 x +2=0 ; x=1; x=2 → x +3 x +2=( x−1 ) ( x−2)

x−3 A B
∫ x 2+3 x +2 dx=∫ x−1 dx+∫ x−2 dx
x −3 A B
= +
x +3 x +2 x−1 x−2
2

x−3=A ( x−2 ) +B (x−1)

x−3=( A + B ) x −2 A−B

{−2A+A−B=3
B=1 ; A=−4 e B=5

x−3 A B dx dx
∫ x 2+3 x +2 dx=∫ x−1 dx+∫ x−2 dx=¿−4 ∫ x−1 + 5∫ x−2 ¿

( )
5
x−3 ( x−2 )
∫ x 2+3 x +2 dx=−4 ln ( x−1 )+ 5 ln ( x−2 ) +C=ln ( x−1 )4 +C

2 x+ 3
c ¿∫ dx
x (x−2)

2 x+3 A B
∫ x ( x−2) dx=∫ x dx +∫ x−2 dx
2 x+3= A ( x−2 ) + Bx

2 x+3=( A+ B ) x−2 A

{−2
A + B=2 ; A= −3 e B=2+ 3 = 7
A=3 2 2 2

2 x+3 −3 dx 7 dx 3 7
∫ x ( x−2) dx= ∫ + ∫ =¿− lnx+ ln ( x −2 )+ C=ln [ ( x )−3/ 2 ( x−2 )7 / 2 ]+C ¿
2 x 2 x−2 2 2

x
d ¿∫ 2
dx
x −4

x x A B
∫ x 2−4 dx =∫ ( x +2 ) (x−2) dx=∫ ( x +2) dx +∫ x−2 dx
 x A B
= +
x −4 (x+ 2) x−2
2

x= A ( x−2 ) + B( x +2)

x=( A+ B ) x−2 A +2 B

{−2AA++B=1
2 B=0
; A=B=
1
2

x 1 dx 1 dx 1 1
∫ x 2−4 dx = 2 ∫ ( x+ 2 ) + 2 ∫ x−2 = 2 ln ⁡(x +2)+ 2 ln ( x−2 ) +C
x 1 1
∫ x 2−4 dx = 2 ln [ ( x +2 ) ( x−2 ) ] +C= 2 ln [ x 2−4 ] +C
Questão 11

Seja α ≠ 0 uma constante . Verifique que :

1
∫ x 2−α 2
dx=
1
2a
ln | x−α
x +α |
+K

1 A B
∫ x 2−α 2 dx=∫ x−α dx +∫ x +α dx
1 A B
= +
x −α x−α x+ α
2 2

1= A ( x +α ) +B ( x−α )

1= ( A+ B ) x + Aα −Bα

{AαA+−Bα=1 {Aα −Bα=1

B=0 ↔ Aα + Bα =0 →2 Aα =1 e A= 1 ; B=− A= −1
2α 2α

1 1 dx 1 dx 1
∫ x 2−α 2 dx= 2 α ∫ x−α − 2α ∫ x+ α = 2 α ¿

ln (
x+ α )
1 1 x−α
∫ x 2−α 2
dx=
2α
+K

Questão 12

2 dx dx
a ¿∫ 2
dx=2∫ 2 =¿ 2∫ ¿
x +2 x+ 1 x +2 x+1 ( x +1 )2 +1

Fazendo:u=x+1 ; du=dx ; a=1 ;a2 =1

 2 du 1 u
∫ x 2+ 2 x +1 dx=2 ∫ u2+ a2 =2. a arctan a +C=2 arctan ( x+ 1 )+ C

dx dx dx
b ¿∫ =∫ =∫
( )
2
x + x +1 1 1 1
2
3
x 2 + x+ − +1 x+ +
4 4 2 4

1 3 √3
Fazendo u=x + ; du=dx ; a= =
2 4 2 √
∫ x 2+dxx +1 =∫ u2dx 1 u 2
= arctan +C= arctan
( 12 ) +C
2 x+

+a a
2
a √3 √3

( 12 ) +C= 2 √3 arctan 2 √ 3 x +√ 3 +C
2 x+
∫ x 2+dxx +1 = √23 arctan √3 3 ( 3 )

c ¿∫
xdx
4
=
1
∫ 2
16+ x 2 u +a a
du
2
=
1
arctan
u
a
+ C=
1
4
arctan
x2
4
+C ( )
2; 2
Fazendo u=x du=2 xdx ; a =16 ; a=4

xdx
d ¿∫
√ 1−x 4
Fazendo u=x 2 ; du=2 xdx ; a2=1 ; a=1

xdx 1 du 1 u 1 x2 arcsen ( x 2 )
∫ = ∫ = arcsen + C= arcsen +C= +C
√ 1−x 4 2 √ a2−u2 2 a 2 1 2

2 x +3 xdx dx
e ¿∫ dx=2∫ +3∫
√ 1−4 x 2
√ 1−4 x 2
√1−4 x 2

−√1−4 x
2
xdx −2 du −1 −1 /2 −2 1/ 2
2∫ = ∫ = ∫ u du= u +C 1= +C1
√ 1−4 x 2 8 √u 4 4 2

2
Fazendo u=1−4 x ; du=−8 xdx

dx du u
3∫ =3∫ =3 arcsen +C 2=3 arcsen 2 x +C 2
√1−4 x 2
√ a −u
2 2 a
 2
Fazendo u=2 x ; du=2 dx ; a =1 ; a=1

2 x +3 −√1−4 x 2
∫ dx= + C 1+ 3 arcsen 2 x +C 2
√ 1−4 x2 2

2 x +3 −√1−4 x 2
∫ dx= + 3 arcsen2 x +C
√ 1−4 x2 2

dx
f ¿∫
x √ 1−( lnx )
2

dx 2
Fazendo u=lnx ; du= ; a =1; a=1
x

dx du u
∫ =∫ =arcsen +C=arcsenlnx+ C
x √1− (lnx ) √ a −u a
2 2 2

Questão 13

∫ udv=uv−∫ v du
a ¿ ∫ x 3 cos x2 dx=∫ x 2 cos x2 xdx

u=x ; du=2 xdx ;dv =cos x xdx ; v=∫ cos x xdx . Resolvendo a parte v=∫ cos x xdx :
2 2 2 2

1 1 1
v=∫ cos x 2 xdx=
2∫
cosu du= senu= sen x 2
2 2
2
u=x ; du=2 xdx

1 1
∫ x 3 cos x 2 dx=x 2 2 sen x 2− 2 ∫ sen x 2 xdx . Resolvendo∫ sen x 2 xdx :
1 −1 −1
∫ sen x 2 xdx= 2 ∫ senudu= 2
cosu=
2
cos x
2

2
u=x ; du=2 xdx

1 1 1 1
∫ x 3 cos x 2 dx=x 2 2 sen x 2− 2 ∫ sen x 2 xdx=x 2 2 sen x2 + 4 cos x 2 +C

b ¿ ∫ x senxdx
2
 2
u=x ; du=2 xdx

dv =senxdx ; v =∫ senxdx =−cosx

∫ x 2 senxdx =−x 2 cosx −2∫−xcos xdx=−x 2 cosx + 2∫ xcos xdx . A integral ∫ xcos xdx é novamente
resolvida por partes.

∫ xcos xdx :
u=x ;du=dx

dv =cosxdx ; v=∫ cosxdx=senx

∫ xcos xdx=xsenx−∫ senxdx=xsenx + cosx

∫ x 2 senxdx =−x 2 cosx +2 ∫ xcos x=¿−x 2 cosx + 2 xsenx +2 cosx +C
c ¿∫ e−2 x senxdx

−2 x −2 x
u=e ; du=−2 e dx

dv =senxdx ; v =∫ senxdx =−cosx

∫ e−2 x senxdx=−e−2 x cosx−2∫−e−2 x cosx dx =−e−2 x cosx +2∫ e−2 x cosx dx

∫ e−2 x cosx dx . Esta integralé resolvidanovamente por partes
−2 x −2 x
u=e ; du=−2 e dx

dv =cosxdx ;v=∫ cosxdx=senx

∫ e−2 x cosx dx=e−2 x . senx−∫−2 e−2 x senxdx=e−2 x . senx+ 2∫ e−2 x senxdx

∫ e−2 x senxdx=−e−2 x cosx +2 ∫ e−2 x cosx dx=−e−2 x cosx +2 e−2 x . senx + 4∫ e−2 x senxdx
−2 x −2 x
e cosx 2 e . senx
∫ e−2 x senxdx= 3
−
3
+C

d ¿∫ x ( lnx )2 dx

u=x ; du=dx

dv =( lnx )2 dx; v=∫ ( lnx ) dx . Esta integral é resolvida também por partes:
2

∫ ( lnx )2 dx
 2 2 lnx
Fazendo u= (lnx ) → du= dx ; dv=dx ;v =x
x

2 lnx
∫ ( lnx )2 dx= (lnx )2 x−∫ x x
dx

∫ ( lnx )2 dx= (lnx )2 x−2∫ lnxdx

Aplicando novamente a integral por partes para ∫ lnxdx

dx
u=lnx → du= ; dv=dx → v=x
x

dx
∫ lnxdx=xlnx−∫ x x
= xlnx−x

∫ ( lnx )2 dx= (lnx )2 x−2 xlnx+2 x

Voltando para a integral original:

∫ x ( lnx )2 dx
u=x ;du=dx

dv =( lnx ) dx; v=∫ ( lnx ) dx=( lnx ) x−2 xlnx+ 2 x

2 2 2

∫ x ( lnx )2 dx=x ( (lnx )2 x−2 xlnx+2 x )−∫ [ ( lnx )2 x−2 xlnx+2 x ] dx

∫ x ( lnx )2 dx=x ( (lnx )2 x−2 xlnx+2 x )−∫ x ( lnx )2 dx +2∫ xlnx+2∫ xdx+C
2
x
2∫ x ( lnx ) dx=x ( (lnx ) x−2 xlnx+2 x ) +2 ( xlnx−x ) +2
2 2
+C
2

2∫ x ( lnx ) dx=x ( (lnx ) x−2 xlnx+2 x ) +2 ( xlnx−x ) + x +C

2 2 2

2
∫ x ( lnx )2 dx= x2 ( ( lnx )2 x−2 xlnx+2 x ) +( xlnx−x )+ x2 +C
Questão 14

Verifique que para todo natural n≥ 2:

π /2 π/2

∫ sen xdx= n−1

n
n 0
∫ n−2
sen xdx
0

π /2 π /2

∫ sen n
xdx= ∫ sen
n−1
x senxdx
0 0
Esta integral se resolve por partes:

∫ udv=uv−∫ vdu
u=sen n−1 x=( senx )n−1 ; du=(n−1). senn −2 cosxdx

dv =senxdx ;v =−cosx

∫ senn x dx=−sen n−1 xcosx−∫ −cosx (n−1). senn−2 cosxdx

∫ senn xdx=−senn−1 xcosx+( n−1)∫ senn−2 cos2 xdx
∫ senn xdx=−senn−1 xcosx+( n−1)∫ senn−2 (1−sen 2 x) xdx
∫ senn xdx=−senn−1 xcosx+( n−1 )∫ senn−2 xdx −( n−1)∫ senn xdx
∫ senn xdx +( n−1 )∫ senn xdx=−senn−1 xcosx+ ( n−1 )∫ sen n−2 xdx
n ∫ sen n xdx =−sen n−1 xcosx+ ( n−1 )∫ sen n−2 xdx

−sen n−1 xcosx n−1

∫ sen xdx=
n
n
+
n
∫ n−2
sen xdx

−senn−1 xcosx π /2
|
π /2 π/2

∫ sen x dx=
n
n 0+
n−1 ∫ sen xdx
n−2

0
n 0

( )
0 0
π /2 π/2

∫ sen x dx= −1
n
⏞ ⏞
senn−1 ( π /2 ) cos ( π / 2 )−sen n−1
( 0 ) cos ( 0 ) +
n−1
∫ sen n−2 xdx
0 n n 0

π /2 π /2 π/2
n−1
∫ senn x dx=0+ n 0
∫ sen n−2 xdx= n−1
n 0
∫ sen n−2 xdx
0

Questão 15

m=2 ; x ( 0 )=1 e v ( 0 )=0

1 ⃗
F ( forçaresultante )= 2
i.
x

1 1
F=ma=2 a → 2
=2 a e a= 2
x 2x

Solução pela cinemática:

 dx dv v dx
v= ; a= → = → vdv =adx
dt dt a dv
v x

∫ vdv=∫ adx
v0 x0

| |
2 x
v v 1 dx −1 1 x
= ∫ = .
2 v 0 2 x x2 2 x x0 0

0 2

v2 ⏞

( )
v 0 −1 1 1
− = −
2 2 2 x 1
⏞
x0

2
v 1 1
= −
2 2 2x

v=
√ x−1
x

Solução 2: Teorema da energia cinética:

2
m v2 m v0
GF R= −
2 2
x 2 2
dx 2 v 2 v 0
∫ x2 2 − 2
=
x0

|
2 2
1 1 x v v0
¿− . = −
2 x x0 2 2

0 2

v2 ⏞

( )
v −1 1 1
− 0 = −
2 2 2 x 1
⏞
x0

v=
√ x−1
x

Questão 16
 x=b
GF = ∫ F ( x ) cosβdx
x=a

F ( x )=3 ; cos ( β ) =cosx

x=π /4
a ¿ GF = ∫ 3 cosxdx=3 senx| π / 4
x=0 0

π
4(
GF =3 sen −sen 0 =3 √
2
2
)
x=π
b ¿ GF = ∫ 3 cosxdx =3 senx|π
x=0 0

GF =3 ( senπ −sen 0 )=0

Questão 17

Sobre uma partícula que se desloca sobre o eixo atua uma força ⃗ F , sempre dirigida para o ponto P(veja
figura), e cuja intensidade é igual ao inverso do quadrado da distância da partícula a P

Calcule o trabalho realizado por quando a partícula se desloca de x=−2 a x=−1.

1
F=
x2

x x
cosβ = =
√ x + 2 √ x 2+ 4
2 2

x=b
GF = ∫ F ( x ) cosβdx
x=a
 x=−1 x=−1
1 x dx
GF = ∫ x √ x +4
dx= ∫
x=−2 x √ x +4
2 2 2
x=−2

Esta integral se resolve por substituição trigonométrica:

x=2 tanz ; dx=4 sec zdz ; √ x +4=√ 4 (1+ tan z )=√ 4 sec z =2 secz
2 2 2 2

x=−1 x=−1 2 x=−1

dx 4 sec zdz 1 seczdz
GF = ∫ = ∫ = ∫
x√ x +4 4 tanz 2 secz 2 x=−2 tanz
2
x=−2 x=−2

x=−1 x=−1 x=−1

1 coszdz 1 dz 1 1
GF = ∫ = ∫ = ∫ seczdz= ln ( secz+tanz )| x=−1
2 x=−2 coszsenz 2 x=−2 senz 2 x=−2 2 x=−2

Voltando para x:

4 x
senz= ; tanz=
√x 2
+4 4

)|
x
1 1
GF = ln ( secz+tanz )| ¿−1 = ln
2
x=−2
2
1
senz
+tanz x=−1
x=−2 (
1
GF = ln
2 ( √ x 2 +4 + x
4 )|
x=−1
4 x=−2

GF =
1
2((
ln
√−12 +4 − 1
4 4 ) (
−ln
√−22+ 4 − 2
4 4 ))
GF =
1
2( ( √ ) ( √ ))
ln
5−1
4
−ln
8−2
4

1
GF = ln
2 ( √√ 5−1
8−2 )

Questão 18 : Integrais de substituição trigonométrica

a ¿ ∫ √ 1−4 x 2dx

coszdz
2 x=senz ; dx=
2

√ 1−4 x 2=√ 1−sen 2 z= √cos 2 z =cosz

coszdz 1
∫ √1−4 x 2 dx=∫ cosz 2
= ∫ cos2 zdz
2

2 1 cos 2 z
Identidade trigonométrica :cos z= +
2 2

1 1 1 1
∫ √1−4 x 2 dx= 2 ∫ cos2 zdz= 4 ∫ ( 1+cos 2 z ) dz= 4 ∫ dz+ 4 ∫ cos 2 z dz
1 1 z 1
∫ √1−4 x 2 dx= 4 ∫ dz+ 4 ∫ cos 2 z dz= 4 + 8 sen 2 z+ C
Voltando para x:

2 x=senz ; → z=arcsen 2 x

sen 2 z=2 senzcosz=2.2 x . √ 1−4 x

2

1 1 z 1 arcsen 2 x x . √ 1−4 x2
∫ √1−4 x 2 dx= 4
∫ 4∫
dz+ cos 2 z dz= +
4 8
sen 2 z+ C=
4
+
4
+C

1
b ¿∫ dx
√ 4+ x 2
 2
x=2 tanz ; dx=2 sec zdz

√ 4 + x 2=√ 4 (1+tan2 z)=2 secz

2 2
1+ tan z=sec z

1 2 sec 2 zdz
∫ dx=∫ 2 secz =∫ seczdz=ln ( secz+tanz )+C
√ 4 + x2
Voltando para x:

cosz=
2
; secz=
1
=
√ 4+ x 2 ; tanz= x
√ 4+ x 2 cosz 2 2

∫ 1
√ 4 + x2
dx=ln ( √ 4 + x2 + x
2 2 ) +C

dx
c ¿∫
√ 4−x 2

x=2 senz ; dx=2coszdz

4 √ 4−x =√ 4 ( 1−sen z ) =√ 4 cos z=2 cosz

2 2 2

2 coszdz
∫ 2 cosz
=∫ dz=z +C

Voltando para x:

∫ dx
√ 4−x 2
=z=arcsen ( x2 )+C
x2
d ¿∫ dx
√ 1−x 2
x=senz ; dx=coszdz

√ 1−x 2=√ 1−sen2 z=√ cos2 z=cosz

cosz=
√1−x 2 =√ 1−x 2
1
2 2
∫ x 2 dx=∫ sen z
coszdz=∫ sen zdz
2

√ 1−x cosz

Identidade trigonométrica:

{
2 2
sen z+ cos z=1
2 2
cos z−sen z =cos 2 z

2 1 cos 2 z
sen z = −
2 2

1 1 z sen 2 z
∫ sen2 zdz= 2 ∫ dz− 2 ∫ cos 2 z= 2 − 4
+C

sen 2 z=2 senzcosz=2 x . √ 1−x

2

Voltando para x:

arcsenx x . √1−x
2 2
x
∫ dx= − +C
√ 1−x 2 2 2

e ¿∫ √ 9−4 x dx
2
 2x 3 senz 3
senz= ; x= ; dx= cozdz
3 2 2

√ ( )
2
3 senz
√ 9−4 x 2= 9−4
2
=√ 9(1−sen z)=3 cosz
2

∫ √9−4 x2 dx= 32 ∫ cosz . coszdz= 32 ∫ cos2 zdz= 32 ∫ ( 12 + cos22 z ) dz

∫ cos 2 zdz = 32 ∫ ( 12 + cos22 z ) dz= 32 ∫ dz + 34 ∫ cos 2 zdz= 32z + 38 sen 2 z +C

Voltando para x:

2 x √ 9−4 x 4 x √ 9−4 x
2 2
2x 2x
senz= → z=arcsen ; sen 2 z =2 senz . cosz=2. . =
3 3 3 3 9

∫ √9−4 x2 dx=¿ 32z + 38 sen 2 z +C= 32 arcsen 23x + 38 . 4 x √ 9−4

2
x
+C ¿
9

∫ √9−4 x2 dx=¿ 32z + 38 sen 2 z +C= 32 arcsen 23x + x √ 9−4

2
x
+C ¿
6

1
f∫ dx
x
2
√ 1+ x 2

2
x=tanz ; dx=sec zdz
√ 1+ x2 =√1+ tan2 z =√ sec2 z =secz
2 2
∫ 2 1 2 dx=∫ tansec2 z secz
dz
=∫
seczdz
=∫
1 cos z
. dz =∫
cosz 1
. dz
x √ 1+ x cosz sen z senz senz
2 2
tan z

1 cosz 1
∫ dx=∫ . dz=∫ cotanz . cosseczdz=−cossecz+C
x
2
√ 1+ x 2 senz senz

Voltando para x:

senz=
x
→ cossecz=
√1+ x 2
√1+ x 2 x

1 −√1+ x 2
∫ dx= +C
x 2 √ 1+ x 2 x

g ¿∫ √− x +2 x+ 2dx=∫ √3−( x −2 x+1 ) dx =∫ √3−( x−1 ) dx

2 2 2

x−1= √3 senz ; dx=√ 3 coszdz ; √ 3−( x−1 ) =√ 3(1−sen z )=√ 3cosz

2 2

∫ √−x 2 +2 x +2 dx=∫ √ 3− ( x−1 )2 dx=∫ √3 cosz √ 3 coszdz=3∫ cos 2 zdz

3 3 3
∫ √−x 2 +2 x +2 dx= 2 ∫ ( 1+cos 2 z ) dz= 2 ∫ dz + 2 ∫ cos 2 zdz
3z 3 3z 3
∫ √−x 2 +2 x +2 dx= + sen 2 z +C= + .2 senzcosz+C
2 4 2 4

3z 3
∫ √−x 2 +2 x +2 dx= + senzcosz+C
2 2

Voltando para x:
 √
2
x−1 √ 3 (x−1) √ 3 ( x−1) 3−( x−1 )
x−1= √3 senz; senz= = ; z=arcsen ;cosz=
√3 3 3 3

( √ 3( x−1)
)+ 3 √
2
3 arcsen 3−( x−1 )
( x−1 )
3 3
∫ √−x 2 +2 x +2 dx= 2 2 √3
+C

∫ √−x 2 +2 x +2 dx=
3 arcsen ( √ 3(x−1)

2
3 )+ √ 3(x−1) 1−
√
2
( x−1 )2
3
+C

h ¿ ∫ x 2 √ 1−x 2 dx

x=senz; dx=coszdz √ 1−x 2=√ 1−sen2 z=cosz

∫ x 2 √1−x2 dx=∫ sen2 z . cosz coszdz=∫ sen 2 z cos2 zdz=∫ ( 1−cos2 z ) cos 2 zdz
∫ x 2 √1−x2 dx=∫ cos 2 zdz −∫ cos 4 zdz
Resolvendo separadamente as integrais:

1 1 1 z 1
∫ cos 2 zdz = 2 ∫ ( 1+ cos 2 z ) dz= 2 ∫ dz + 2 ∫ cos 2 zdz= 2 + 2 .2 senzcosz
z
∫ cos 2 zdz = 2 + senzcosz

∫ cos 4 zdz=∫ cos2 z . cos2 z dz =∫ ( 1+cos

2 )( 2 ) dz
2 z 1+ cos 2 z

1 1 1 1
∫ cos 4 zdz= 4 ∫ ( 1+2 cos 2 z+ cos2 2 z ) dz= 4 ∫ dz+ 2 ∫ cos 2 zdz + 4 ∫ cos2 2 zdx
Identidade trigonométrica:
 2 1+cos 2 z 2 1+cos 4 z
cos z= ; →cos 2 z=
2 2

z sen 2 z 1 z sen 2 z 1 1
∫ cos 4 zdz= 4 + 4
+ ∫ cos 2 zdx = +
4
2
4 4
+ ∫ dz + ∫ cos 4 zdz
8 8

z sen 2 z z 1 3 z sen 2 z sen 4 z

∫ cos 4 zdz= 4 + 4
+ + sen 4 z = +
8 32 8 4
+
32

3 z senzcosz 2 sen 2 zcos 2 z 3 z senzcosz sen 2 zcos2 z

∫ cos 4 zdz= 8
+
2
+
32
= +
8 2
+
16
2 2
senzcoszcos 2 z 3 z senzcosz senzcosz (cos z−sen z)
∫ cos zdz= 38z + senzcosz
4
2
+
8
= +
8 2
+
8

Voltando para a integral:

∫ x 2 √1−x2 dx=∫ cos 2 zdz −∫ cos 4 zdz

( )
2 2
z 3 z senzcosz senzcosz(cos z−sen z )
∫ x 2
√ 1−x2
dx=
2
+ senzcosz−
8
+
2
+
8
+C

2 2
senzcosz( cos z −sen z )
∫ x √1−x dx= 8z + senzcosz
2 2
2
−
8
+C

senzcosz (8−cos2 z+ sen2 z)

∫ x 2 √1−x2 dx= 8z + 8
+C

2 2
z+ senzcosz (8−cos z+ sen z )
∫ x 2 √1−x2 dx= 8
+C

Voltando para x:

x=senz; z =arcsenxdx=coszdz ; √1−x = √ 1−sen z=cosz

2 2

arcsenx + ( x √1−x ) (8−1+ x + x )

2 2 2

∫x 2
√1−x dx=
2
8
+C

arcsenx + ( x √ 1−x2 ) (7+2 x2 )

∫x 2
√1−x2 dx= 8
+C

Questão 19

Calcule a área do conjunto de todos os (x;y) tais que:

x2 y 2
+ ≤ 1 ;(a> 0 e b> 0)
a2 b 2
A área pedida é quatro vezes a área hachurada:

√
y=b 1−
x2 b 2 2
a a
2
= √ a −x

dA= ydx ( área elementar do retângulo)

a a a
b 2 2 4b
A=4 ∫ ydx =¿ 4 ∫
a
√ a −x dx=¿ ∫ √ a2−x 2 dx ¿ ¿
a 0
0 0

Substituição trigonométrica:

x=asenz ; dx =acoszdz ; √ a2−x 2=acosz

a a a
4b 4b
A= ∫ √ a −x dx= ∫ acoszacoszdz=¿ 4 ab∫ cos zdz ¿
2 2 2
a 0 a 0 0

1 1 1 z 1
2
∫ ( 1+cos 2 z ) dz= ∫ dz+ ∫ cos 2 zdz= + .2 senzcosz
2 2 2 2

[∫ ]
a a a
1+cos 2 z
A=4 ab∫ dz=2ab dz+∫ cos 2 z
0 2 0 0

A=2 ab z| x =a ab
x=0+ 2
sen 2 z x=a
2 x=0 |
 x=a
0
x
|
|
A=2 ab arcsen
a
⏞x x=a
2 √ a2 −x2 x=0
a
x=0+ 2 ab
2

π
A=2 ab ( arcsen 1−arcsen 0 )=2 ab . =πab
2

Questão 20

x 2+1 x 2 +1 x 2 +1
a ¿∫ dx=∫ dx=∫ dx
√2 x−x 2 √−x 2+2 x +1−1 √−x 2+ 2 x +1−1
x 2 +1 x 2 +1 x 2 +1
∫ dx=∫ 2 dx=∫ dx
√ 2 x−x 2 √−x + 2 x +1−1 √ 1− ( x−1 ) 2

2 2
∫ x +1 2 dx=∫ x 2 dx+∫ dx 2
√ 2 x−x √ 1−( x−1 ) √ 1−( x−1 )
Substituição trigonométrica:

x−1=1. senz=senz; → x=1+ senz; dx=coszdz ; cosz=√1−( x−1 ) =√ 2 x −x2

2

√ 1−( x−1 ) = √1−sen

2 2
z=cosz

x 2 +1 (1+senz )2 cosz
∫ dx=∫ coszdz+∫ dz
√ 2 x−x 2 cosz cosz

( )
2
∫ x +1 2 dx=∫ ( 1+2 senz+ sen2 z ) dz +∫ dz =∫ 1+2 senz + 12 − cos22 z dz +∫ dz
√ 2 x−x
x 2 +1 3 1
∫ dx= ∫ dz +2∫ senzdz− ∫ cos 2 zdz +∫ dz
√ 2 x−x 2
2 2
 2
x +1 3 sen 2 z 5z sen 2 z
∫ dx= z−2 cosz− + z +C= −2 cosz− +C
√ 2 x−x 2
2 4 2 4

Voltando para x:

senz=x−1 ; z=arcsen ( x−1 ) ; cosz= √2 x−x ; sen 2 z =2 senzcosz=2( x−1) √ 2 x−x

2 2

2
∫ x +1 2 dx= 32 z−2 cosz− sen42 z + z +C= 52z −2 cosz− sen42 z +C
√ 2 x−x
( x−1) √ 2 x−x
2
x 2 +1 5 arcsen( x−1)
∫ dx=¿ −2 √ 2 x−x 2− +C ¿
√ 2 x−x 2 2 2

5 arcsen( x−1) √ 2 x−x (x +3)

2 2
x +1
∫ dx=¿ − +C ¿
√ 2 x−x 2 2 2

1
b ¿∫ 2
dx
x +2 x+ 5

1 1 du 1 u
∫ x 2+ 2 x +1+4 dx=∫ ( x +1 )2+ 4 dx=∫ u2 +a2 = a arctan a +C
2
u=x+1 ; du=dx ; a =4 ; a=2

1 1 du 1 u
∫ x 2+ 2 x +1+4 dx=∫ ( x +1 )2+ 4 dx=∫ u2 +a2 = a arctan a +C

1 1 x +1
∫ x 2+ 2 x +1+4 dx= 2 arctan 2
+C

c ¿∫ x ( arctanx ) dx
2

Esta integral se resolve por partes:

∫ vdu=uv−∫ vdu
∫ x ( arctanx )2 dx=∫ arctanx . x . arctanx dx
dx
u=arctanx ; du= ; dv=xarctanxdx ;v =∫ xarctanxdx
1+ x 2

A ∫ xarctanxdx também se resolve por partes:

2
dx x
u=arctanx ; du= dv=xdx ; v=∫ xdx =
1+ x 2
2
 2 2 2 2
∫ xarctanxdx =arctanx x2 −∫ 2(1+
x dx
2
x )
x 1
=arctanx − ∫
x dx
2 2 (1+ x 2)

Dividindo os polinômios:

x2 1
2
=1− 2
x +1 x +1

∫ xarctanxdx =arctanx x2 1
− ∫
x 2 dx
2 2 (1+ x 2 )
=arctanx
x2 1
−
2 2 (∫( 1−
1
x +1
2
dx ) )
2 2
∫ xarctanxdx =arctanx x2 − 12 ∫ dx+ 12 ∫ xdx
2
+1
x x 1
=arctanx − + arctanx
2 2 2

1
∫ xarctanxdx = 2 [ arctanx ( x2 +1 ) −x ]
Voltando para a integral original:

∫ x ( arctanx )2 dx=∫ arctanx . x . arctanx dx

dx
u=arctanx ; du= 2
; dv=xarctanxdx ;v =∫ xarctanxdx
1+ x

1
v=∫ xarctanxdx=
2
[ arctanx ( x + 1 )−x ]
2

[ arctanx ( x +1 )−x ] dx
2

∫ x ( arctanx ) dx= 12 arctanx [ arctanx ( x 2 +1 ) −x ]− 12 ∫

2

1+ x 2

[ [ arctanx ( x +1 ) −x ] dx
]
2
1
∫ x ( arctanx ) dx=
2
2
[ arctan ( x +1 )−xarctanx ]−∫
2 2
2
1+ x

[ arctanx ( x + 1 ) dx
]
2
1 xdx
∫ x ( arctanx )2 dx= 2
arctan 2 ( x 2 +1 )−xarctanx −∫
1+ x
2
+∫
1+ x
2

∫ x ( arctanx )2 dx= 12 [ arctan 2 ( x 2 +1 )−xarctanx −∫ arctanxdx +∫

xdx
1+ x 2 ]
A integral ∫ arctanxdx também se resolve por partes :

dx
u=arctanx ; du= ; dv=dx ; e v=x
1+ x 2
 xdx
∫ arctanxdx=xarctanx−∫ 1+ x 2

∫ x ( arctanx )2 dx= 12 [ arctan ( x +1 )−2 xarctanx +2∫

2 2 xdx
1+ x
2 ]
xdx
Reoslvendo aintegral ∫ 2
:
1+ x

2 du
u=1+ x ;du=2 xdx ; xdx=
2

ln ( 1+ x )
2
xdx 1 du 1
∫ 1+ x 2 = 2 ∫ u = 2 lnu= 2

∫ x ( arctanx )2 dx= 12 [ arctan ( x +1 )−xarctanx +2

2 2 ln ( 1+ x2 )
2
+C]
arctan ( x +1 ) ln ( 1+ x )
2 2 2

∫ x ( arctanx ) dx=
2

2
−xarctanx +
2
+C

d ¿∫ xarcsenxdx

Esta integral se resolve por partes:

∫ vdu=uv−∫ vdu
2
dx x
u=arcsenx ; du= ; dv=xdx ;v=∫ xdx =
√ 1−x 2
2

x2 1 x 2 dx
∫ xarcsenxdx= 2
arcsenx− ∫
2 √1−x 2

x 2 dx
A integral ∫ se resolve por substituição trigonométrica:
√ 1−x 2
x=senz; z =arcsenx ; dx=coszdz ; √ 1−x =√ 1−sen z =cosz .
2 2
 2 2
x dx sen zcoszdz 1 1 1
∫ 2 ∫
= =∫ sen zdz = ∫ ( 1−cos 2 z ) dz= ∫ dz− ∫ cos 2 zdz
2

√ 1−x cosz 2 2 2

x2 dx z sen 2 z z senzcosz 1 (
∫ = arcsenx−x √ 1−x )
2
= − = −
√ 1−x 2 4 2
2
2 2

Voltando para a integral:

∫ xarcsenxdx= x2
2
arcsenx−
2 2[
1 1(
arcsenx−x √ 1−x ) + C
2
]
x √1−x
2 2
∫ xarcsenxdx= x2 arcsenx− arcsenx
4
+
4
+C

Questão 21

3 x−2 xdx dx xdx dx

a ¿∫ dx=3∫ 2 −2∫ 2 =3∫ 2 −2∫
2
x + x +1 x + x +1 x + x+ 1 x + x +1 2 1 1
x + x+ − +1
4 4

3 x−2 xdx dx xdx dx

∫ x 2+ x +1 =3 ∫ x 2 + x +1 −2∫ =3 ∫ −2∫
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 3 1 3 1 3
x+ + x+ + x+ +
2 4 2 4 2 4

Resolvendo as integrais separadamente:

dx
∫
( )
2
1 3
x+ +
2 4

1 3 √3
Fazendo u=x + ; du=dx ; a= =
2 4 2 √
∫ dx dx 1 u 2
=∫ 2 2 = arctan = arctan
( 12 )
2 x+

a √3 √3
( )
2
1 3 u +a a
x+ +
2 4

( 12 ) +C= 2 √3 arctan 2 √ 3 x +√ 3
2 x+
∫ dx 2
= arctan ( 3 )
( ) 3 √3 √3 3
2
1
x+ +
2 4

xdx
∫ x 2+ x +1
 1
Fazendo z=x + ; dx=dz
2

∫ x 2+xdx =∫
( z− ) dz
1
2
=∫
zdz 1
− ∫
dz
x +1 3 3 2 3
z 2+ z2 + z 2+
4 4 4

Resolvendo ∫
zdz
2
z+
3
2 3
: u=z + ;du=2 zdz ; →∫
4
zdz
2
z +
3
1 du 1
2 u 2
1
2
2 3
= ∫ = lnu= ln z +
4 ( )
4 4

(( ) )
2
∫ zdz
2 3
1 1
= ln x+ +
2 2
3
4
z+
4

:u=z ; du=dz ; a= √ ; →∫
dz 3 dz du 1 u
Resolvendo : ∫ =∫ 2 2 = arctan
3 2 3 u +a a a
z 2+ z2 +
4 4

∫ dz
=
1
arctan
z 2√3
= arctan
2 z √ 3 2 √3
= arctan
( 12 ) √ 3
2 x+

z 2+
3 √3 √3 3 3 3 3
4 2 2

dz 2√3 ( 2 x+1 ) √ 3
∫ 2 3
=
3
arctan
3
z+
4

xdx
∫ x 2+ x +1 2
=
1
ln x +
2 (( ) )
1 2 3 1 2 √3
+ − .
4 2 3
arctan
( 2 x +1 ) √ 3
3

xdx
∫ x 2+ x +1 2
=
1
ln x +
2 (( ) )
1 2 3 √3
+ − arctan
4 3
( 2 x +1 ) √3
3

Voltando para a integral:

∫ x32+x−2
x +1
dx=3
[ ((
1
2 2 4 3) )
ln x + + − √ arctan
1 2 3 3 ( 2 x +1 ) √3
3 ] [
−2 √ arctan √
2 3
3
2 3 x+ √ 3
3 (+C )]
[ (( ) ) ]
( 2 x +1 ) √3 4 √ 3
(
2 √ 3 x+ √ 3
)
2
∫ x32+x−2
x +1
dx=
3
2
1
2
3
ln x + + −√ 3 arctan
4 3
−
3
arctan
3
+C

2 x−1
b ¿∫ 2
dx
9+4 x
 2 x−1 xdx dx
∫ 9+ 4 x 4 dx=2∫ 9+ 4 x 2 −∫ 9+ 4 x 2

Resolvendo as integrais separadamente:

xdx du
∫ 9+ 4 x 2 ; u=9+4 x 2 ; du=8 xdx ; xdx= 8 ;
2
ln ⁡(9+ 4 x )
∫ 9+xdx 1 du 1
= ∫ = ln ( u ) =
4x 8 u 8
2
8

dx du
∫ 9+ 4 x 2 ;u=2 x ; du=2 dx ; dx= 2 ; a=3 ;

dx 1 du 1 1 u 1 1 2x 1 2x
∫ 9+ 4 x 2 = 2 ∫ a2 +u2 = 2 . a arctan a = 2 . 3 arctan = arctan
3 6 3

2 x−1 xdx dx
∫ 9+ 4 x 4 dx=2∫ 9+ 4 x 2 −∫ 9+ 4 x 2

2 x−1 ln ⁡(9+ 4 x 2) 1 2x
∫ 9+ 4 x 4 dx=2 8
− arctan
6 3
+C

2 x−1 ln ⁡(9+ 4 x 2) 1 2x
∫ 9+ 4 x 4 dx=
4
− arctan
6 3
+C

Questão 22

Calcular a área de todos os (x;y) tais que x > √ 1+ y 2 e 2 x + y ≤ 2

Pontos de interseção:

x=√ 1+ y → y=x −1 ; 2 x + y =2; → 2 x + x −1=2; x +2 x−3=0

2 2 2 2

x=1 ; y=1; x=−3 ; y=9

 1 1 1 1 1
1 1
A=∫ ( 2−2 x−x ) dx=¿∫ 2 dx−2∫ xdx −∫ x dx=2 x|
|
2 2
1 3 ¿
0− x |0− x 0
2
0 0 0 0
3

1 1 2
A=2 ( 1−0 )−( 12−02 ) − ( 13−03 ) =2−1− =
3 3 3

Questão 23

x 2+ 3 x +1
a ¿∫ 2
dx
x −2 x−3

Integral por fração racional:

2
x −2 x−3=0; x=−1 e x=3

x 2−2 x−3= ( x +1 ) (x−3)

2 2
∫ xx2−2
+3 x+1
x−3
dx=∫
x +3 x+ 1
( x +1 ) ( x−3)
dx=∫
A
( x+1)
dx +∫
B
( x−3)
dx

2
x + 3 x +1 A B
= +
( x+1 ) ( x −3) (x +1) ( x −3)

Identidade de polinômios

2
x + 3 x +1= A ( x−3 ) +B (x+1)

x 2+ 3 x +1= ( A +B ) x−3 A+ B
{−3A A+B=3
+B=1
1
; A= e B=
2
5
2

2
∫ xx2−2
+3 x+1
x−3
1
dx= ∫
2 (x
dx
+1)
5
+ ∫
2 (
dx
x−3)

2
∫ xx2−2
+3 x+1
x−3
1
2
5
dx= ln ( x +1 ) + ln ( x−3 )+C=ln [ ( x+1 ) . ( x −3 ) ] +C
2
1 /2 5 /2

x 3 + x+ 1
b ¿∫ 2
dx
x −4 x +3
3 3
∫ xx2−4
+ x +1
x+3
dx=∫
x + x+1
( x−1 ) (x−3)
dx=∫
A
(x−1)
dx+∫
B
( x−3)
dx

x 3 + x+1 A B
= +
( x−1 ) ( x−3) ( x−1) ( x−3)

x 3+ x+1=A ( x−3 ) + B(x−1)

x 3+ x+1=( A + B ) x −3 A−B

{−3A+A−B=1
B=1 ; A=−1 e B=2

3
∫ xx2−4
+ x +1
x+3
dx=−∫
dx
(x−1)
+ 2∫
dx
( x−3)
=−ln ( x −1 )+ 2 ln ( x−3 )+ C

( )
( x−3 )2
3
∫ xx2−4
+ x +1
x+3
dx=−ln ( x−1 )+ 2 ln ( x−3 )+ C=ln
x−1
+C

Solução lista

Questão 24

a ¿ 1 ≤ x ≤3 e 0 ≤ y ≤ x
 |
3 3
x 3 π ( 3 3 ) 28 π
V =π ∫ x dx =π
2
= 3 −1 =
1 3 1 3 3

b ¿ 0 ≤ y ≤ x e x 2+ y 2 ≤2

Pontos de interseção:

y=x e y =2−x → 2 x =2 e x 1=−1 e x 2=1 ; y 1=−1 e y 2=1

2 2 2

|
1
x3 1 π ( 3 3 ) π
V =π ∫ x dx =π
2
= 1 −0 =
0 3 0 3 3

Questão 25

a)1 ≤ x ≤e e 0 ≤ y ≤ lnx

x=1 ; y=0 e x=e ; y =1

O Cilindro elementar agora é um anel circular:

y
raio interno=x =e

raio externo=x=e

[ ]
1
[ ] [ ]
1
1 2 0 1 2
V =π ∫ ( e − ( e ) ) dy=π e y| 1 e |1 =π e − (e −e ) =π e − e +1 ¿
2 y 2 2 2y 2 2

0 0− 0 2 2
2

V =π [ e2
2
+1 ¿ ]
b ¿ 0 ≤ x ≤ 2; y ≥ √ x−1 ; e 0≤ y ≤ x
2

O volume agora é composto por duas regiões:

Região 1 : Anel circular

raio interno=1

1 ≤ x ≤2 ; y ≥ √ x−1 → x= y 2 +¿1
2 2
raio externo=1+ x =1+ y +1=2+ y

[ ]
1 1 1 1 1
V 1=π ∫ [ ( 2+ y ) −1 ] dy =π ∫ ( 3+ 4 y + y ) dy=π 3 y| 4 y|
2 2 2 2 4 3
0+ 0+ y |0
5
0 0
3
 4
[
V 1=π 3+ +1 =
3
16 π
3 ]
Região 2:

Anel circular

raio interno :

y=x ; x=√ y
2

raio externo=2

[ ]
4 1 4
V 2=π ∫ [ ( 2 ) −( √ y ) ] dy=π ∫ ( 4− y ) dy =π 4 y| 4
|
2 2
y2
1 0 1− 1
2

[
V 2=π 4 ( 4−1 )− ( 162 − 12 )]=π [12− 152 ]= 92π
16 π 9 π 32 π +27 π 59 π
V =V 1+V 2 = + = =
3 2 6 6