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Dan Ton
Program Manager, Smart Grid R&D September 2011
10/4/2011
www.oe.energy.gov U.S. Department of Energy 1000 Independence Ave.,-SW Washington, DC 20585 National Academy of Engineering BMED
1 December 2008
Presentation Outline
Considerations for Integration of Renewable Energy Grid Integration Analysis
Distributed Bulk Power System
Lack of electricity markets for regulation and load following make relying on ones neighbor for ancillary services more difficult Generation dispatch may be limited; fewer generators on automatic governor control (AGC) can make regulation challenging
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Generation Technologies
Distributed
Distributed PV looks like negative load on local feeders, small wind, V2G interconnect at the distribution level
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DER DG
The figure above shows the voltage profile along the length of a distribution circuit. When a DER is added at the end of the circuit the voltage at the end increases to a value outside of the normal voltage range. DER = Distributed Energy Resource (i.e., PV, wind, fuel cell, etc.)
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Infrastructure
Operational
Generation Portfolio
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Issues: Infrastructure
Identifying infrastructure requirements
What to build? When? What technologies?
Building it on time
Obtaining permissions Building
Infrastructure
Operational
Generation Portfolio
Connecting generation
Issuing connection offers Building connections
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Operational
Generation Portfolio
December 2008 11
Infrastructure
Operational
Generation Portfolio
December 2008 12
SCE is installing 500MW of commercial rooftop PV systems over the next 5 years 250MW utility owned, 250MW IPP Interconnected at distribution circuit level
Specific Issues: Unsure of interconnection process for circuits with over 15% PV (Peak PV/Peak Load) Voltage regulation, circuit ratings, cloud variability
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[Example on Lanai is that no more PV is allowed on one of the 3 circuits without a full interconnection study] December 2008 15
5 km
NV Energy, PG&E, and SCE all have large (400MW+) central station PV in their interconnection queues Unsure of operational impacts Specific Issues:
PV variability (ramp rates) PV output vs. geographic diversity Solar forecasting (scheduling other generation)
Thank You
Dan T. Ton Program Manager, Smart Grid R&D Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability U.S. Department of Energy (202) 586-4618 Dan.ton@hq.doe.gov
For more information: OE: www.oe.energy.gov
December 2008
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