ANTI-ULCER DRUGS

Type Examples Mechanism of Action Indication S/E

1. Antacids a. Na- bicarbonate based Neutralize stomach acid relieveheartburn/ hyperacidity/ > metabolic alkaosis
( Alka-seltzer) gastritis , peptic ulcer
b. Ca- carbonate > hypercalcemia,
(Tums) rebound acid increase

c. Mg – hydroxide > diarrhea

(Milk of Magnesia)
d. Aluminum hydroxide > constipation,
(Amphojel) hypophosphatemia
d. Combination
(Maalox, Mylanta,Novaluzid) ALL can cause HYPOKALEMIA &
prevent reabsorption of
Tetracyclines

2. Histamine 2 (H2) a. cimetidine (Tagamet) block H2 receptors peptic ulcer, gastritis,GERD >Cimetidine - decrease
blockers b. famotidine (Pepcid) excretion of crea,
c. nizatidine (Axid) anti-androgenic
d. ranitidine (Zantac)

3. Proton Pump a. omeprazole (losec) inhibits acid production peptic ulcer, gastritis, GERD >nausea, diarrhea ,colic
Inhibitors b. lansoprazole (Prevacid) in parietal cells of stomach belching
c. esomeprazole (Nexium)
d. rabeprazole (Pariet)
e. pantoprazole (Pantoloc)

4. Miscellaneous
a. Sucralfate (Iselpin) forms polymers in acidic peptic ulcer disease (PUD) > drowsiness, constipation
environment &coats peptic stress- ulcer prophylaxis
ulcer from further acid attack

b. Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto- Bismol) coats esophagus & acts as PUD, GERD > nausea, diarrhea
barrier to gastric acids

Tetracycline & Metronidazole eradicate Helicobacter pylori

c. Misoprostrol (Cytotec) secrete gastric mucous barrier prevent NSAID-induced peptic ulcers > diarrhea,
stimulates uterus