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7 Polynomial Graphs
Unit 2 Quadratic and Polynomial Functions
f ( x ) = x2
g( x ) = x3
h( x ) = x
j ( x ) = x5
f ( x ) = x2
h( x ) = x 2
g( x ) = x2 2
j ( x ) = ( x 1)
f ( 3 ) = a ( 3 2) + 3 = 4 a +3 = 4 a =1
f ( x ) = ( x 2) + 3
3
End Behavior
Example: Use symbols for end behavior to describe the end behavior of the graph of each function. 1. f ( x ) = x 4 + 2x 2 + x 8 2. g ( x ) = 2x 3 + 3x 2 x + 5 3. h ( x ) = 2x 5 + x 3 + 1 even function opens downward odd function increases odd function decreases
Since the sign changes, there must be a real zero between 2 and 3.
f(1) = 2 > 0 and f(3)= 2 >0 This would imply that there is no zero between 1 and 3, but we can see that f has two zeros between those points.
Boundedness Theorem
Let f(x) be a polynomial function of degree n 1 with real coefficients and with a positive leading coefficient. If f(x) is divided synthetically by x c, and (a) if c > 0 and all numbers in the bottom row are nonnegative, then f(x) has no zeros greater than c; (b) if c < 0 and the numbers in the bottom row alternate in sign, then f(x) has no zero less than c.
Boundedness Theorem
Example: Show that the real zeros of f ( x ) = x 4 + 5 x 2 + 3x 7 satisfy the following conditions, a) No real zero is greater than 1
1 1 0 5 3 7 1 1 6 9 1 1 6 9 2
Since the bottom row numbers are all 0, f(x) has no zero greater than 1.
Boundedness Theorem
Example: Show that the real zeros of f ( x ) = x 4 + 5 x 2 + 3x 7 satisfy the following conditions, b) No real zero is less than 2
2 1 0 5 3 7 2 4 18 30 1 2 9 15 23
Since the signs of the bottom numbers alternate, f(x) has no zero less than 2.
f ( x ) = x 3 8 x 2 + 4 x + 10
Step 1: Enter the function into o
f ( x ) = x 3 8 x 2 + 4 x + 10
Step 2: Press y r and then
f ( x ) = x 3 8 x 2 + 4 x + 10
Step 3: Position the cursor at the far left above the x-axis and press Step 4: Move the cursor below the x-axis and press
f ( x ) = x 3 8 x 2 + 4 x + 10
Step 5: Our first zero is at 8.33594
f ( x ) = x 3 8 x 2 + 4 x + 10
Repeat steps 1-5 to find the next two zeros #2: 0.9401088
f ( x ) = x 3 8 x 2 + 4 x + 10
Repeat steps 1-5 to find the next two zeros #2: 0.9401088 #3: 1.2760488
Homework
College Algebra Page 352: 21-27 (3), 48-69 (3), 81 HW: 24, 48, 54, 60, 63, 66