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SURVEYING
Types and Uses of Surveying
GE1 Earth Trek: Lecture 3 Prof. Matthew L. Dimal

Uses of Surveys
The earliest surveys known were for the purpose of establishing boundaries of land

Sample Property/Boundary Lines

Sample Political Boundaries

Fixing of national and state boundaries

Uses of Surveys
Charting of coastlines and navigable streams and lakes

Precise location of definite reference points throughout the country

Uses of Surveys
Collection of valuable facts concerning the earths magnetism and establishment of gravity networks

Establishment and observation of greater network of gravity stations throughout the country

Uses of Surveys
The establishment and operation of tidal and water level stations.

The extension of topographic mapping of the land surfaces of the earth.

Uses of Surveys
The extension of hydrographic and oceanographic charting and mapping into the approximately of the world which is essentially unmapped.

Types of Surveying
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Control Surveys
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Establishing of horizontal and/or vertical positions of arbitrary points

Reference Point

Types of Surveying

Land Surveys
Measuring the length and direction of land lines and to establish the position of these lines on the ground

Types of Surveying

Topographic Surveys
Mapping of the configuration of the terrain and the corresponding location of natural and humanmade objects

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Types of Surveying

Forestry Surveys
Used for forest management, protection, production and conservation

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Types of Surveying

Hydrographic Surveys
Surveying of bodies of water for the purposes of navigation, water supply, or subaqueous construction

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Types of Surveying

Mine Surveys
Utilizing the principles of control, land, geologic and topographic surveying to control, locate and map underground and surface works related to mining operations

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Types of Surveying

Construction Surveys
Laying-out, locating and supervising of public and private engineering works

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Types of Surveying

Route Surveys
Involving the determination of alignment, grades, earthwork quantities and location of natural and artificial objects to be used in the planning, design and construction of infrastructure, pipelines, transmission lines and other linear projects

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Types of Surveying

As-Built Surveys
Documenting the precise final locations and layouts of engineering works, and recording of any design change that may have been incorporated in the construction

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Types of Surveying

Industrial Surveys
Making extremely accurate measurements for manufacturing processes where small tolerances are required