Name Spring 2008 Assessment

Instructions Please answer these multiple choice to the best of your ability. These
are assessment questions designed to monitor our progress in key areas
throughout the course.

Please do your best. Although the grades will NOT count toward your
final grade, failure to complete the assessment will result in an
ABSENCE grade.

Thank you!
Multiple Attempts This Test allows multiple attempts.
Force Completion This Test can be saved and resumed later.

Question Completion Status:

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Question
10 points Save
1
Prescription drug expenditures represent _______ of the total US health
care spending.
1. 10%
2. 30%
3. 60%
4. less than 5%
5. 85%
Question
10 points Save
2
All of the following contribute to the US having the HIGHEST per capita
health care spending - compared to other industrialized countries,
EXCEPT:
1. The U.S. market is less willing to ration or limit health care
than other countries
2. The U.S has the greatest ability to pay for health care.
3. The U.S. has one of the most complex health care financing
systems in the world
4. Salaries for U.S. health care professionals are among the
highest in the world
5. The U.S. has a higher physician-to-population ratio then
many other countries
Question
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3
 Assume a study has found that the correlation coefficient (r) between
body weight and myocardial infarctions is +0.82 Based only on this one
fact, which of the following can you conclude?
1. as body weight increases, the risk of myocardial infarction
increases
2. as body weight increases, the risk of myocardial infarction
decreases
3. high body weight causes myocardial infarctions
4. myocardial infarctions lead to an increase in body weight
5. more than one of the above is correct
Question
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4
In New York State, Medicaid is funded by the:
1. Federal Government
2. State Government
3. Local (County) Government
4. All of the above
Question
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5
Cost-utility analyses measure outcomes in terms of:
1. Patient satisfaction units
2. Utilities
3. Natural units (eg: # of lives saved, or # of cures)
4. Monetary units (Dollars)
5. Quality-adjusted life-years
Question
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6
A perfectly competitive market is one in which:
1. There are many sellers and each seller has the ability to set
the price of their product.
2. There are many sellers and they compete with one another
in such a way that some sellers are always being forced out
of the market
3. There are so many buyers and so many sellers that each
has a negligible impact on the price of the product.
4. There is only one seller, but there are many buyers
Question
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7
The total cost for which one of the following diseases would you expect
to have the highest proportion of indirect costs?
1. Type 2 Diabetes
2. Prostate Cancer
3. Alzheimer’s
4. Injuries
5. Osteoporosis
Question 10 points Save
8
All of the following are true about adverse drug reactions EXCEPT:
1. Represents the fifth leading cause of death in the US
2. cause 70,000 - 100,000 preventable deaths annually
3. cause 2 million hospitalizations per year
4. cost from $1.6 to $4.2 billion annually to resolve
5. all of the above are true
Question
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9
If you conclude a significant difference between two drugs treatments
does not exist, when in reality there truly is a difference, you have made
which type of error?
1. Type II error
2. Power calculation error
3. Type I error
4. This is not an error
5. Sample size error
Question
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10
Patients unable to afford a prescription may obtain medication through
which of the following channels?
1. Pharmaceutical industry “patient in need” programs
2. Samples from a physician’s office
3. Enrollment in a state or federal assistance program
4. Pharmacy discount cards
5. More than one of the above
Question 11 10 points Save
Medicare Part ________ is the hospital care component of the
Medicare program
1. Part A
2. Part B
3. Part C
4. Part D
Question
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12
The ECHO Model describes pharmaceutical services as a balance of:
1. economics and clinical outcomes
2. good clinical science, economic, humanistic, and
ownership considerations
3. good clinical science, economic, and humanistic outcomes
4. economics, coverage, and humanistic outcomes
Question
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13
 Gross domestic product is defined as:
1. The market value of all tangible goods produced within a
country in a given period of time
2. The market value of all final goods and services produced
within a country in a given period of time.
3. The quantity of all final goods and services demanded
within a country in a given period of time
4. The quantity of all final goods and services supplied within
a country in a given period of time
Question
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14
Which age group represents the largest proportion of the U.S.
uninsured population?
1. all age groups are insured at equal rates
2. ages 18 - 35
3. ages 0 to 17
4. ages 65 and over
5. ages 35 to 65
Question
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15
ACP Insurance company wants to switch from a flat copayment
schedule of $5 for generics and $10 for brand drugs to a to a fixed
coinsurance rate (10%) on both generics and brand drugs. What can
they expect to happen if they switch to the coinsurance structure?
1. Patients will be more aware of their use of brand name
prescription drugs
2. The company will lose more money on generics that cost
more than $50.
3. Patients will be more likely to make their prescription
decisions based on factors other than the cost of the
drug.
4. Patients will tend to purchase more expensive brand name
drugs
5. Nothing. Patients purchasing behaviors won't change
Question
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16
Cost-of-illness analyses are used for all of the following, EXCEPT:
1. To lobby government for more funding
2. To obtain baseline data for product pricing
3. To determine the potential market impact of a new drug
4. To determine the health utility of a specific treatment
5. To establish priorities for research funding
Question
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17
 Which of the following descriptions of a drug formulary are true:
1. formularies may sometimes adopt a more expensive
therapy based on criteria other than cost
2. formulary decisions are final with no process for exceptions
3. formulary decisions are made only on the basis of cost
4. pharmacists do not play a role on P&T committees
5. most formularies can be described as “negative
formularies”
Question
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18
In 2005, ____________ pharmacies had the largest market share of
US prescriptions.
1. Chain
2. Supermarket / food store
3. Hospital
4. Mail-order
5. Independent
Question
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19
New York State is currently extending prescription insurance coverage
to which of the following:
1. uninsured adults, through the S.C.H.I.P. program
2. adults, through the Child Health Plus Program
3. elderly, through the EPIC Program
4. children, through the Medicare Program
5. elderly, by adding drug coverage to the Medicaid program
Question
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20
When a patient asks a physician for a drug they saw advertised, how
often does the patient get at least some kind of prescription
medication? (either the advertised drug or some other drug)
1. always
2. less than 25% of the time
3. from 30% to 50% of the time
4. between 60% to 80% of the time
Question
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21
Which of the following is NOT a reason for the increasing health care
spending in the U.S:
1. limiting the jury awards on medical malpractice lawsuits
2. preparing the U.S. for bioterrorist attacks
3. the increases in prescription drug spending
4. the increasing proportion of the elderly in the U.S.
5. variations in expensive medical procedures that don’t
seem to make sense
 Question
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22
Pharmacoeconomics has been defined as:
1. techniques used to study any health care economic
intervention
2. techniques which measure only clinical outcomes of drugs
or pharmaceutical services
3. techniques used exclusively to determine new drug prices
4. techniques which describe costs of drug therapy or
services to health care systems and society
5. techniques which measure patient function, well-being,
satisfaction, and quality of life
Question
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23
Senior Citizens with 3 or more chronic conditions are more likely to do
all of the following, EXCEPT:
1. comply with their drug therapy regimen(s)
2. visit more than one physician / prescriber
3. take drugs in more than one therapeutic category
4. use more than 1 pharmacy
5. take 5 or more different prescription drugs
Question
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24
Costs as a result of medical treatment include all of the following,
EXCEPT:
1. Costs of treating adverse events
2. Costs of avoiding/preventing disease or sequelae (which
become savings)
3. Costs of “new information” gathered from diagnostic tests
4. Costs of extending a patient's life.
5. All of the above should be considered costs resulting from
medical treatment