CONTeNTS

Acknowledgements About the course Overall concept map Developing How Science Works at AS Practical activities and safety

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Activities and Assessment

Elements of Life
EL1.1 EL1.2 EL1.3 EL1.4 EL2.1 EL2.2 EL2.3 EL2.4 EL3 EL4.1 EL4.2 EL4.3 EL5 EL How do we know about atoms? 2 How much iron is in a sample of an iron compound? 3 Investigating visible emission spectra 6 Simulating radioactive decay 7 Why do atoms form ions? 8 Shapes of molecules 9 What type of properties do different structures have? 12 Check your knowledge and understanding (Part 1) 13 Making and analysing Epsom salts 15 Investigating the chemistry of Group 2 elements 17 Isotopic abundance and relative atomic mass 19 Patterns in the physical properties of elements 20 Check your knowledge and understanding (Part 2) 21 End of module test 22 ES5.1 ES5.2 ES6.1 ES6.2 ES6.3 ES7 ES Finding the concentration of an acid solution Manufacturing halogens and their compounds The nucleophilic substitution reaction mechanism How do halogenoalkanes differ in reactivity? Making a halogenoalkane Check your knowledge and understanding (Part 2) End of module test 71 73 74 77 79 82 84

The Atmosphere
A2.1 A2.2 A2.3 What substances can act as sunscreens? Investigating sunscreens What is the effect of the atmosphere on the Suns radiation? A3.1 The photodissociation of bromine A3.2 Investigating the reaction between bromine and hexane A3.3 How do concentration and temperature affect the rate of a chemical reaction? A3.4 The effect of a homogeneous catalyst on the rate of a reaction A3.5 Check your knowledge and understanding (Part 1) A4 The link between CFCs and ozone depletion A6.1 Which are the greenhouse gases? A6.2 Simulating the greenhouse effect A9.1 The effect of concentration changes on chemical equilibria A9.2 Structures and properties similarities and differences A9.3 Controlling carbon dioxide A10.1 Reviewing radiation A10.2 Check your knowledge and understanding (Part 2) A End of module test 86 87 88 89 90 92 94 95 97 98 99 100 102 103 107 109 111

Developing Fuels
DF2.1 Measuring the enthalpy change of combustion of different fuels DF2.2 Determining an enthalpy change of reaction DF2.3 Calculating an enthalpy change of reaction using Hesss law DF2.4 Check your knowledge and understanding (Part 1) DF3.1 Comparing winter and summer petrol blends DF3.2 Auto-ignition in a test tube DF4.1 Modelling and naming alkanes DF4.2 Drawing and displaying molecular structures using a computer DF4.3 Planning to crack alkanes DF4.4 Cracking alkanes DF4.5 A closer look at alcohols DF4.6 Organic dominoes DF5.1 Why do hydrocarbons mix? DF5.2 Check your knowledge and understanding (Part 2) DF6.1 Some reactions of nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide DF6.2 What are the origins and environmental implications of pollutants in car exhaust gases? DF7 What is the volume of one mole of hydrogen gas? DF10 Which fuel for the future? DF11 Check your knowledge and understanding (Part 3) DF End of module test 24 26 28 29 30 31 33 37 38 39 41 43 46 47 48 51 52 54 55 56

Polymer Revolution
PR1.1 PR1.2 PR2.1 PR2.2 PR2.3 PR4.1 PR4.2 PR4.3 PR4.4 PR4.5 PR4.6 PR5.1 PR5.2 PR6 PR Making a polymer Polymer party Testing for unsaturation using bromine Electrophilic addition reaction mechanism Check your knowledge and understanding (Part 1) Deflecting jets Viscosity in alcohols Oxidation of ethanol Reactions of alcohols Now you see it Making slime E/Z and cis/trans isomers Interpreting infrared spectra Check your knowledge and understanding (Part 2) End of module test 113 114 115 117 119 120 121 122 124 128 129 130 131 132 133

Elements from the Sea

ES2.1 ES2.2 ES4.1 ES4.2 ES4.3 ES4.4 ES4.5 Writing the formulae of ionic compounds Solutions of ions Which is the most cost-effective brand of bleach? What do the halogens look like? This liquid is dangerous Reactions of halogens and halides Check your knowledge and understanding (Part 1) 59 60 62 64 66 67 69

Data Sheets

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Teachers and Technicians Guide

AS Module Guides EL Elements of Life
Map of the module Concept map Advance warning Storyline: answers to assignments Activities: notes and answers to questions 150 151 151 152 152

PR

Polymer Revolution
Map of the module Concept map Advance warning Storyline: answers to assignments Activities: notes and answers to questions 180 181 182 182 183

Answers to end of module tests

The Elements of Life Developing Fuels Elements from the Sea The Atmosphere Polymer Revolution 188 190 192 194 196

DF Developing Fuels
Map of the module Concept map Advance warning Storyline: answers to assignments Activities: notes and answers to questions 156 157 157 158 160

Answers to AS Problems in Chemical Ideas

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 15 200 201 203 206 207 210 212 212 213 214 215 217 219

ES

Elements from the Sea

Map of the module Concept map Advance warning Storyline: answers to assignments Activities: notes and answers to questions 164 165 166 166 167

The Atmosphere
Map of the module Concept map Advance warning Storyline: answers to assignments Activities: notes and answers to questions 172 173 174 174 175