Chapter 26 Cropped

Chapter 26
PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

Overview
From its inception, portable automotive diagnostic equipment has been built on proprietary hardware. Two popular examples are the Vetronix MasterTech (Figure 26-9) and the OTC Genisys (Figure 26-1). and an interface box. The user supplied the core hardware a computer. PC-based diagnostic equipment has continued to grow in popularity. This platform is now used for scan tools, digital storage oscilloscopes (DSOs), and powertrain control module (PCM) reprogramming. Most original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have switched to a PC based scan tool. Advantages to the Developer Quick Development Cycle - By getting out of the hardware business, the developers can concentrate their efforts on software development, not hardware design. The result is a quicker development cycle. Lower Manufacturing Costs - With proprietary hardware, an investment had to be made in the design and manufacturing of the hardware which tied up a significant amount of a manufacturers capital. Popular Development Platform - It is easier to develop on the most popular computer platform in the world, using some of the most popular programming languages, than to develop for proprietary hardware. Superior Hardware - With larger screens and more powerful processors, manufacturers are able to include popular features that are not
Figure 26-1: OTC Genisys - Photo Courtesy of OTC
For the price paid, display screens were relatively small, processors were slow, and the storage capacity was small. This all changed when EASE Diagnostics introduced one of the first PC-based scan tools to the automotive service industry in the late 1990s. A scan tool from EASE included a CD-ROM, a cable,
Resource links, and other web enhanced features, are available at digitalliteracyproject.com/book.
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Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

Toughbook (Figure 26-3). The high cost of these models is their only disadvantage. With a ruggedized model costing three to four times more than a standard laptop, most technicians use standard laptops. Even if they broke a few, it would still be cheaper than buying a ruggedized model.
practical on proprietary platforms. For example, the level of detail displayed on a EASE Diagnostics scan tool (Figure 36-25) is virtually impossible to deliver on a smaller screen size. The added storage capacity of a computers hard drive also allows for longer recordings of data. Recording time is now measured in hours, rather than minutes on proprietary equipment. Advantages to the User Lower Cost - By allowing the enduser to supply a computer in lieu of expensive proprietary hardware, the total cost of the equipment is lower. Easy Hardware Replacement - If there is a catastrophic failure of the hardware, moving the software and cabling over to a new computer is simple, fast, and easy. Superior Platform - With large screen sizes, full keyboards, and large storage capabilities, PC-based diagnostic equipment offers a superior platform over the typical proprietary platform.
Figure 26-2: Dell Latitude E6400 XFR - Image Courtesy of Dell
Ruggedized Laptops A desktop computer can be used to connect to a vehicle using a relatively long cable or a wireless connection, but laptop computers are the most popular solution. Some technicians prefer to use a ruggedized laptop such as the Dell Latitude XFR (Figure 26-2) or the Panasonic
Figure 26-3: Panasonic Toughbook CF-19
2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim
Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment
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Dell XFR Series www.dell.com/xfr Panasonic Toughbook Series www.panasonic.com/business/Toughbook/fully-rugged-computers.asp Rugged Notebooks www.ruggednotebooks.com
Diagnostic Tool Carts Any laptop used in an automotive shop environment, whether it is a standard or ruggedized model, needs protection. The most popular solution is to use a tool cart, (Figure 26-4). This diagnostic cart is in use at Guilford Technical Community College in Jamestown, NC. It is made up the following equipment. Standard Dell Laptop Computer AutoEnginuity Scan Tool 4-Channel PicoScope DSO CarDaq Plus J2534 Gateway Box
The computer is stored inside the top lid which protects it against the shop environment. All the other components and cables fit in the lower drawers. Some technicians have even set up diagnostic carts with a large LCD moni-
Figure 26-5: Custom Built Automotive Diagnostic Cart
tor mounted to the inside of the carts lid. The video out signal from the laptop is sent to the monitor for easy viewing. This would be a good setup in a school environment where many students are trying to view the small screen of a laptop at the same time. In the quest for the perfect automotive diagnostic cart, some automotive technicians modify existing tool carts or even custom-build carts (Figure 26-5).
Figure 26-4: Diagnostic Tool Cart
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Figure 26-6: John Anello, of Auto Tech on Wheels, and his customized Hummer H2 mobile diagnostic rig
PCs in Mobile Diagnostics PC-based information systems and diagnostic equipment deliver a lot of power and portability in a small package. This is a winning combination for those involved in mobile diagnostics and one of the most successful mobile diagnostic businesses is John Anellos Auto Tech on Wheels located in New Jersey. John has equipped an H2 Hummer with an impressive array of diagnostic equipment, much of which is PC-based. If you want to get up close and personal with Johns rig (Figure 26-6), attend one of his week-long Boot Camp sessions.
Educational Applications PC-based diagnostic equipment is also a favorite among automotive educators since anything on the screen can be projected to a large screen for the entire class to see. PDA-Based Equipment In the past, scan tool and DSO systems were available for hand-held personal digital assistants (PDAs). In most cases, both the PalmOS and the Pocket PC platform were supported. While some of these systems are still available, popularity seems to be quickly fading. This can be attributed to at least three reasons, including: Limited Capabilities - The screen size and power of a PDA, in most
John Anellos Boot Camp www.autotechonwheels.com/bootcamp.htm

cases, is less than a standard scan tool or DSO. Choosing the PDA platform over a PC platform forfeits power and features. Public Perception - The appeal to PDA-based diagnostics seemed to be its compactness. These shirt pocket sized tools were often used in the service drive, in the full view of the motoring public, for a quick diagnostic trouble code (DTC) read. Problems arose when most observers perceived their cars were being diagnosed with toys, thus trivializing the complexity of operations in the service bay. Availably of PDAs - Todays smartphone can do more than a PDA, plus functions as a telephone; therefore, the PDA market is on life support and new PDAs are scarce. Most PDA users have moved to a smartphone for an all-in-one gadget solution. In February 2009, Palm announced they would not release any new products powered by the PalmOS, the operating system that established the PDA market. Netbook Computers - The popular netbook laptop computer is a much better choice than a PDA for a low cost and portable platform. For details, see the next section.
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small and their processing power was inadequate to be used with PC-based diagnostic equipment. However, some of the current netbook models are now approaching laptop specifications and meet the minimum requirements for PC-based scan tool and DSO programs. A netbook with a 10 screen, such as the Lenovo S10 shown in Figures 26-7 and 26-8 is a viable platform. This netbook was tested with the AutoEnginuity scan tool and the PicoScope 4423 DSO and worked flawlessly with both pieces of equipment.
Figure 26-7: Lenovo S10 Netbook Using AutoEnginuity
To learn more about PDAs see Chapter 14 - Other Digital Devices. Netbooks Are The New PDA When the first netbooks hit the market in 2007, their screens were just too
Figure 26-8: Lenovo S10 Netbook Using PicoScope DSO
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one of three classifications: OEM level, Global OBD-II Level, and Enhanced Global OBD-II Level. OEM Level Scan Tool As stated earlier, every car sold in the U. S. since 1996 must support Global OBD-II functionality. Yet, every OEM develops an OEM level scan tool that supports functionality far above the Global OBD-II level. For example, OBDII regulations mandate that approximately 25 specific parameters must be made available on the OBD-II DLC in the Global OBD-II protocol; however, most OEM level scan tools can retrieve well over 500 parameters. These additional parameters are not retrieved using the Global OBD-II protocol. They are supported by a protocol of the OEMs choosing. The actual functionality supported by any scan tool is determined by two key factors: Control Module Software - Every scan tool function available on a given car is supported by software code written by the OEM and embedded into the PCMs processor. Literally, every single piece of information or bidirectional control made available on a scan tool requires corresponding embedded code on the processor. Scan Tool Software - A scan tools ability to display information, and activate a bidirectional control, supported on the PCM is determined by its software.
If you are looking for a low cost hardware solution, a high end netbook is likely your best choice.
PC-Based Scan Tools

Scan Tool Overview Covering scan tools in depth is beyond the scope of this book, so this section will focus on scan tools that are based on the PC platform. To better understand the contemporary PC-based automotive scan tool, some core OBD-II information is needed. While scan tools first appeared in the mid-1980s, they were primarily used by the domestic OEMs to display very basic information from the powertrain control module (PCM). Each manufacturer used a different data link connector (DLC), a different communication protocol, and even a different diagnostic trouble code (DTC) set. Scan tools passed a major milestone in 1996 when OBD-II regulations standardized many of these variables. From 1996 forward, OEMs are required to provide certain emissions-related information on a standardized DLC using a standardized communication protocol. They were also required to use a standardized DTC set and use common terminology for all the fuel and emissions components. This level of standardization and functionality is often referred to as Global or Generic OBD-II. Functionality/Platform Classification Since 1996, all scan tools, regardless of their form factors (e.g. proprietary or PC-based hardware) have fallen into

Therefore, the highest level of functionality is achieved from an OEM developed scan tool since the OEM developed the software on both the scan tool and the car. Global OBD-II Level Scan Tool Some scan tools only support Global OBD-II functionality, retrieving information mandated by OBD-II regulations. These scan tools tend to be inexpensive ($100 - $200) and are often targeted at the consumer market. Enhanced Global OBD-II Scan Tool Scan tools are available that exceed Global OBD-II functionality, but do not match the OEM level. This additional functionality is usually achieved by purchasing enhanced modules for specific car lines such as: GM, Ford, Honda, Toyota, BMW, and others. Some scan tool vendors also sell modules for bundled car lines such as: domestic, Asian, and European. The level of functionality supported by an enhanced module will vary among scan tool manufacturers. Regardless of what marketing material may imply, an enhanced module for a given car line does not support the same functionality level as the OEMs scan tool.
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next generation of diagnostic equipment. Information about each OEMs scan tool program is always evolving and acquiring accurate information on the source, cost, and model coverage on a given OEM scan tool can be a bit of a challenge. One good resource to use to find this information is the National Automotive Service Task Force (NASTF) web site, which maintains a matrix providing information about each OEMs scan tool program. One of the best ways to get real world information on an OEM scan tool is through the Tools and Equipment Forum on the iATN website.
NASTF Tool Matrix nastf.org iATNs Tool & Equipment Forum members.iatn.net/forums/read/index. aspx?f=forum8
OEM Aftermarket Support OBD-II legislation only regulates information that relates to emission control systems. OEMs may provide non-emissions related information via their service information websites and scan tool functions, at their discretion; therefore, the level of information made available to the aftermarket does vary significantly among the OEMs. Ultimately, a given OEMs support for the aftermarket service industry is revealed in the implementation of their service information website and scan tool functionality. For a fair evaluation of an OEMs support for the aftermarket,
OEM Scan Tools

Overview Early OEM scan tools were based on proprietary hardware; however, many OEMs have since moved to PC-based platforms. Even more are planning to move to PC-based scan tools for their
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held during Automotive Industry Week in 2007. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Automotive Service Association (ASA) hosted an OEM Tool Forum. The purpose of the forum was to give OEMs an opportunity to present information about their aftermarket programs for diagnostic tools and service information systems. While BMW, Subaru and Toyota made presentations, it was Toyotas program that knocked it out of the ball park for the independents. Mark Saxonberg, the Service Technology Department Manager for Toyota Motor Sales, made the presentation. Part of the presentation focused on Toyotas philosophy towards the independent service industry. The title of the presentation, Building Brand Loyalty Through Outstanding Service Support in the Aftermarket, set the stage. The following quotes were taken from Marks PowerPoint presentation and used with his permission. On Toyotas Philosophy Towards the Aftermarket: A reputation for a positive lifetime ownership experience is one of the more important distinguishing attributes that can set an auto maker apart from its competitors. Positive ownership experiences sell cars! If auto makers expect independent shops to deliver positive ownership experiences, we have to create effective and affordable service support systems for you.
the factors to consider include: Web Portal Content - How deep does the information go above and beyond the mandated emissions requirement? Does the information cover models older than 1996 (pre OBD-II models)? Service Information Cost - Does the access cost seem reasonable, or is it prohibitive? In May 2010, OEM website access varied from $350 per year (very reasonable), to over $4,000 per year (very prohibitive). OEM Scan Tool Functionality - What level of functionality does the OEM scan tool deliver to the aftermarket? Is it just like the one used by a dealership technicians or have some of the functions been crippled? Reprogramming Program - What is the cost of the reprogramming software? How affordable is the OEM reprogramming hardware? How well does the OEM support the J2534 reprogramming standard?
The current trend in the aftermarket service industry is to specialize in one car line or a group of related car lines. When choosing which lines of cars to service, it would be prudent to include the OEMs level of support to the aftermarket in the selection process. Evaluating each OEMs support of the aftermarket goes beyond the scope of this book; however, Toyota deserves recognition based on a presentation delivered at the Congress of Automotive Repair & Service (CARS) convention

Toyotas Challenge to the Aftermarket The industry is changing at an astonishingly fast pace and if you havent already, its time to get on-board and start changing with it. Here are a few suggestions to help get you started: First, get yourself a broadband connection to the Internet in your shop and connect it by a secure wireless network to your service area so you can begin taking advantage of the wealth of service support resources available there. Use your third-party and OEM website service information resources regularly the days of fixing cars without service information are gone. Come to grips with the fact that the increasing incremental costs of service information and diagnostic tools are eroding your bottom line it is time to understand just how much and begin building these costs into your fee structures. And finally, become accustomed to using PCs in your service environment a great deal of your service support will be delivered by them in the future. Toyotas Glimpse at the Future Assuming we maintain the cooperative working relationships between auto makers and the aftermarket, I foresee: I see a growing use of OEM websites as complete service support portals, providing access not only to service
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information, but also to subscription based diagnostic software, just in time training resources, and manufacturer specific technical assistance. Historically, auto makers have relied on aftermarket tool and equipment suppliers to create service support systems for the aftermarket. With the complexity of todays vehicles and service support systems, this model is becoming more of a challenge. I see more collaboration on standardization in vehicle diagnostic interfaces, movement toward Windows based diagnostic applications and development of diagnostic appliances - capable of supporting all auto maker diagnostic systems - offer the best hope in realizing this vision for the future. Turn Key Vs Interface Solutions When an OEM moves to a PC-based scan tool program, it can follow one of two models: Turn Key Solution - With this model, the OEM provides a fully-engineered package. Interface Solution - With this model, the OEM provides an interface unit and software only. The end user is responsible for providing all other hardware.
Honda and Toyota both used Vertronixs Mastertech (Figure 26-9) to power their original OEM scan tools. Both OEMs have since moved to a PC-based platform. This section will showcase the evolution of these two programs, which
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available, but still works with Hondas current scan tool software. Honda offered one more scan tool option the Pocket Tester that targeted the aftermarket and was based on the PDA platform
are representative of most other OEM PC-based scan tool programs. Hondas Scan Tool Program Hondas first scan tool, based on Vertonixs Mastertech, was launched in 1992. Migration from this original platform to todays PC-based system took a few twists and turns. The Mastertech was first replaced with the Honda Diagnostic System (HDS) tablet. This WindowsFigure 26-9: Mastertech MTS3100 powered, ruggedized tablet was custom built by Teradyne Inc. and was an impressive piece of equipment. The titanium case looked like it could survive anything that got thrown at it. This hardware option is no longer available, but it still works with Hondas current scan tool software. Sometime after the HDS Tablet was released, the Honda Interface Module (HIM) was offered (Figure 26-10). This hardware interface solution is no longer
Figure 26-10: Honda HIM Unit
Figure 26-11: HDS Pocket Tester
(Figure 26-11). This option was not particularly well-received due to its glitchy nature and less than stellar tech support from Teradyne, the manufacturer. This hardware option is no longer available, but it still works with Hondas current scan tool software. The current Honda scan tool is based on the interface model. Hondas gateway device (Figure 26-12), is manufactured by Teradyne and called the GNA600. This device has a USB cable on one end and a 16-pin OBD-II DLC connector on the other. The OEM Honda scan tool is made up of the following components: Subscribe to Service Express - Subscribe to Hondas service information website, Service Express. This subscription is required, before you can purchase the GNA600 or the HDS software. The cost of an annual subscription to Service Express is $350 which includes access to both Honda and Acura information.
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Figure 26-12: Hondas GNA600 Gateway Device
Purchase GNA600 - Purchase the GNA600 interface directly from Teradyne for $1,997. Purchase HDS Software - Purchase the HDS software package from Helm, Inc. for $840 per year. When changes in the software are made, updated versions are available.
Toyotas TIS Techstream Toyotas first scan tool, based on Vetronixs Mastertech, was launched in 1993 and replaced with the TIS Techstream in the spring of 2007. As shown in Figure 26-13, the TIS Techstream is made of three main parts. The core is a Panasonic Toughbook Model 19 computer, an industry standard among ruggedized computers. Notable ruggedized features include: Full magnesium alloy case Moisture and dust resistant keyboard and touch pad Sealed port and connector covers Shock-mounted removable hard drive.
This puts the initial cost of the Honda scan tool system at approximately $2,837, not including a computer and the annual Service Express subscription price of $350 per year. The HDS software will also cost $840 per year to renew. This system can also be used to perform PCM reprogramming at no additional cost.
Hondas Service Express techinfo.honda.com Teradyne GNA Website www.teradyne-ds.com/GNA600Sales/ tabid/83/Default.aspx
The Backpack The ruggedized Toughbook is further toughened with a second frame (backback) that adds big, corner bumpers
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Service Information Service information from Toyotas Technical Information System (TIS) is delivered to the scan tool using industry standard wireless network technology. Techstream will also notify the technician if a PCM update is available for the car being scanned. The technician is given the option of reading the technical service bulletin (TSB) that addresses the details of the PCM software update before updating the PCMs software. The TIS Techstream integrates a robust OEM level scan tool, a service information system, and PCM reprogramming into one bay side tool! Currently this system is sold as a complete package for $7,995 and includes a two-year subscription to TIS with Techstream software updates and ECU Reprogramming Calibrations.
Figure 26-13: Toyotas TIS Techstream Courtesy of Toyota Motor Sales USA, Inc. and University of Toyota
Toyota TIS Website techinfo.toyota.com
and additional padding. The backpack also holds the Vehicle Interface Module (VIM) and a charging module to provide power to the computer from the 12-volt source that is available from the OBD-II data link connector. The Docking Station When not in use, the computer/backpack unit is placed in the docking station to recharge. The backpack can also be locked to the docking station for security.
Toyotas Techstream Lite In November 2009, Toyota became one of the first OEMs to use the J2534 platform to support vehicle diagnostics (scan tool operations). The J2534 platform was initially developed to support PCM reprogramming across all car lines using a single gateway device. To learn more about J2534 reprogramming, see Chapter 27. The system, Techstream Lite, is an inexpensive alternative to the full Toyota Information System (TIS) Techstream diagnostic tester which does not use the

J2534 standard to communicate with the car. Techstream Lite provides factory level support for Toyota/Scion/Lexus vehicles with the following exceptions. Techstream Lite supports OBD-II based diagnostic functions on 1996 and later vehicles, while the full TIS Techstream supports diagnostics from 1989 using two pre-OBD-II data link connectors Techstream Lite provides support for new vehicles nine months after launch, while TIS Techstream supports new vehicles at launch
Figure 26-14: Drew Technologies Mongoose Cable
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included. Based on information posted on Toyotas website, as of May 2010, the price of this kit was $1,590. Toyota was offering the kit at an introductory price of $1,345; however, there was no indication about the length of this introductory offer. The Mongoose MFC cable can be purchased directly from Drew Technologies and other vendors, such as AES Wave. The Professional Subscription to TIS must be purchased directly from Toyota. In addition to performing scan tool diagnostics, Techstream Lite can be used for ECU reprogramming. Access to the reprogramming calibration files are included in the Professional TIS Subscription. The Techstream Lite diagnostic software is J2534 compliant; however, Toyota is recommending it be used with the Mongoose MFC cable, since this is the only J2534 device that they have tested and will support. However, based on this statement taken from the Drew Technologies website, Techstream Lite
Toyota offers Techstream Lite as a package consisting of the following components: Mongoose MFC VIM - This is a 6-foot long innovative cable that includes an integrated J2534 gateway (Figure 26-14). The Mongoose cable was developed and is supplied by Drew Technologies. 1 Year Pro Subscription to TIS - You must have an active professional level subscription to use the Techstream software. For each subscription you can use one installation of Techstream Lite on one computer. The professional TIS subscription includes access to the TIS Library (repair manuals, wiring diagrams, etc), Techstream Diagnostic Software, and ECU reprogramming calibration files. IDENTIFIX Direct Hit - Access to the IDENTIFIX Direct Hit program for Toyota/Scion/Lexus models is
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nication with the OBD-II system on a given car type on most occasions, and then, for no apparent reason, be unable to establish communication. The scan tools will typically perform well if communication is established. Glitchy Software - The scan tool may stop working or hang up on a screen. This usually requires the computer to be rebooted. Short of Expectations - Marketing departments tend to oversell PCbased scan tools capabilities. Some people buy them, believing these tools will deliver OEM level feature sets, when they wont.
will work with their CarDAQ-Plus J2534 gateway device: If you service vehicles besides Toyota, you may want to Consider CarDAQ-Plus. CarDAQ-Plus is a universal J2534 reprogramming tool for all-makes. CarDAQ-Plus is also compatible with Toyotas Techstream software. For additional information about Techstream Lite, including minimum computer requirements, visit Toyotas TIS website.
Toyota TIS Website techinfo.toyota.com Drew Technologies www.drewtech.com/products/Mongoose/mongoosemfc.html ASE Wave aeswave.com/Products/Product. asp?i=817
Almost all of these industry-wide issues improve with each new software release, and disgruntled customers often are basing their opinions on older software versions. Scan Tool Comparison Overview
Aftermarket Scan Tools

Industry Wide Issues The aftermarket scan tool industry has brought several viable PC-based scan tools to market, with the two major players being AutoEnginuity and EASE Diagnostics. With many PC-based scan tool products, there seems to be a large group of supporters and a large group of disgruntled former users. Some of the issues consistently plaguing the aftermarket PCbased scan tool industry include: Inconsistent OBD-II Connections The scan tool may establish commu-
Discussing the intricacies of how an automotive scan tool works is beyond the scope of this book. Therefore, this section will focus on examining the experience of using a PC-based scan tool in lieu of a scan tool based on proprietary hardware. All OBD-II compliant scan tools perform the Global OBD-II functions similarly; therefore, the information provided will focus on features unique to the PCbased platform. The areas of comparison include: Company Overview - Basic information will be included about each

companys background. Noted Strengths - This information is based on user comments aggregated from multiple online sources. Min. Hardware Requirements Minimum hardware requirements for all of the supported platforms. Unique Features - This section identifies any significant feature that is not offered by other vendors. Enhanced Coverage - This section identifies the Year/Make/Model coverage of features that exceed the Global OBD-II level. This feature set is the one most exploited by the tool vendors marketing departments and is the root cause for many disgruntled users. What does enhanced really mean? How can two products be compared that offer enhanced coverage on the same cars? To make an accurate comparison, it is necessary to dig deep into the specifications: Parameter Set - OBD-II regulations mandate the availability of about 25 parameters, while some OEMs can deliver well over 500 parameters to the OEM scan tool. How close to the OEM parameter set is the aftermarket tool delivering? Bidirectional Controls - The ability to control events on the car directly from a scan tool is known as bidirectional control.
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Enhanced coverage should support the bidirectional controls that are supported on the car. Again, how close to the actual number of OEM supported bidirectional controls are supported on the aftermarket tool? OEM Like Features - The level of enhanced functionality is really a comparison of the aftermarket scan tools capabilities against the OEM scan tool. So the closer an aftermarket scan tool feature set mimics the feature set of the OEM scan tool, the better.
Connectivity - This section will list all the ways the scan tools hardware platform can connect to the car. Upgrade Program - This section looks at how the software is upgraded, including the actual process and cost (when available). Screen Captures - Several screen captures of each tool are included at the end of this chapter.
Equipment Overview Statement Information about the AutoEnginuity, EASE Diagnostics. and ATS EScan diagnostic equipment is listed in this section simply as examples of full-featured pc-based scan tools. This information should not be considered a buyers guide and the author of this book is not endorsing any equipment. Most of the product information was taken from their websites in May 2010. For the most current information on these scan tools, or any other pc-based
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Handheld Platforms AutoEnginuity does offer software for Windows Mobile (2003SE / Mobile 5) hand-held devices; however, due to hardware and operating system limitations of these devices, not all features are supported. For a complete list of compatible hand-held units and the limitations of specific units, contact AutoEnginuitys tech support. Unique Features Every AutoEnginuity purchase includes SpeedTracer which can measure vehicle performance including: 0-60 ft time 0-60 MPH 1/8 mile time 1/8 mile speed 1/4 mile time 1/4 mile speed G Forces SAE Horsepower Torque Boost Pressure SAE Horsepower and Torque vs RPM graphing Speed vs Time graphing
scan tools, contact the tool manufacturer. AutoEnginuity Company Overview AutoEnginuity was founded in 2002 by a computer hardware engineer who also tuned and raced his own cars. AutoEnginuity has grown to become a leading provider of PC-based scan tools in the world.
Figure 26-15: AutoEnginuity
Noted Strengths AutoEnginuity, considering its level of enhanced coverage, has one of the most affordable upgrade plans in the industry. Minimum Hardware Requirements Windows PC Windows 2000/XP/Vista/7 50 MB of free drive space CD-ROM or DVD-ROM 1 GB of memory USB 2.0
Enhanced Coverage Audi / VW (1996-2009) BMW and MINI (1996-2009) Chrysler/Dodge/Plymouth/Eagle (1996-2009) Ford (1995-2009) GM (1995-2009) Honda and Acura (1996-2009) Hyundai and Kia (1998-2009) Isuzi (1996-2009) Jaguar (1995-2009)

Land Rover (2002-2009) Mazda (1996-2009) Mercedes (1998-2009) Mitsubishi (1996-2009) Nissan and Infiniti (2000-2009) Porsche (1997-2009) Subaru (1999-2009) Toyota/Scion/Lexus (1995-2009)
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Connectivity USB 2.0 (True Plug & Play) Bluetooth Wireless Proprietary Wireless Radio
Figure 26-16: EASE Diagnostics Generic Kit
industrys first Windows PC-Based Scan Tool in 1998. EASE continues to bring innovative products to the market and is a leading provider of PC-based scan tools in the world. Noted Strengths EASE has a strong feature set; however, the company is best noted for its graphing capabilities which are extremely configurable and consistently the best in the industry. Minimum Hardware Requirements Windows PC Windows 2000 / XP / Vista / 7 Pentium II 400 MHz 1 GB RAM 500 MB HDD space CD-ROM Drive Monitor Mouse Keyboard USB
Update Program AutoEnginuity is noted for having one of the more affordable update programs in the industry. After a full year of free updates, annual update plans are available for $50-$150, depending on the number of enhanced modules that are being covered. Screen Captures (At End of Chapter) Figure 26-25 Monitor Status View Figure 26-26 DTC & Freeze Frame View Figure 26-27 Digital Data View Figure 26-28 Graphing view
AutoEnginuity autoenginuity.com
EASE Diagnostics Company Overview EASE Diagnostics began in 1993 with a dream by its founder, Stephen Golenski, to provide training equipment for educators training students how to diagnose electronic problems in automobiles. Soon EASE evolved into a diagnostic tool manufacturer and unveiled the
Windows PocketPC / PalmOS Note that the Windows PocketPC and PalmOS products do not support all the
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Toyota (1996 to 2008) Connectivity USB Wireless - Radio Frequency (RF)
EASE features. You will need to contact EASE for additional information. Unique Features EASE offers an innovative accessory for the EASE scan tool called the Data Logger. This compact hardware device (Figure 26-17) can record up to 12 hours of data from the OBD-II data link connector (DLC) without a computer. This allows for easy collection of data while road testing a vehicle for intermittent problems. The data logger is equipped with four buttons which allow the technician to mark the recordings to easily find a point when analyzing the information with the EASE scan tool software.
Figure 26-17: D. Logger
Update Program Yearly software updates are available that include vehicle data for the current year as well as new functions and software enhancements. Updates are purchased through an EASE sales representative. If an update plan is not maintained, the software continues to work; however, upon the reestablishment of an update plan you will be charged for all time that was not previously covered. EASE now supports built-in automatic web updates for their scan tool software. Screen Captures (At End of Chapter) Figure 26-29 Graphing View Figure 26-30 Parameter List View Figure 26-31 Freeze Frame View Figure 26-32 Bidirectional Control View
The indisputable record of parameters mined from a long recording period is great for verifying performance, verifying customer complaints, and resolving customer-perceived drivability issues. Enhanced Coverage Chrysler (1992 to 2008) Ford (1984 to 2008) General Motors (1982 to 2008) Hyundai (2005-2007) Isuzu (1996 to 2008) Kia (2005-2007) Mazda (1996 to 2008) Nissan (2000-2008)
EASE Diagnostics www.obd2.com
ATS EScan Company Overview Automotive Test Solutions (ATS) was formed by Bernie Thompson and Neal Pederson in 2001. Bernie is a graduate of Lincoln Tech and owns a 10-bay repair facility in Albuquerque, NM. Neal is an electrical engineer/computer programmer who has experience in

Adaptor Unique Features
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This tool is unique in the ways it processes and displays global OBD-II data. Enhanced Coverage
Figure 26-18: ATS EScan With Bluetooth
designing control systems for equipment ranging from particle accelerators to nuclear reactors. Together, Bernie and Neal have released patented and proven technologies that have been recognized by Motor Magazines prestigious Top 20 Awards. Noted Strengths The EScan is an interesting tool that works at the Global OBD-II level. The software processes the generic data and displays it in a way that no other Global OBD-II scan tool has ever done. Many seasoned professional drivability technicians rave about this tool. John Anello of Scan Tool on Wheels stated, I own 19 factory scan tools and several aftermarket scan tools. For drivability problems, my first choice is EScan by ATS. This tool is simply incredible! Minimum Hardware Requirements Windows PC XGA (1024x768) 1 GHz Processor Speed (faster is better) Windows 2000 / XP / Vista / 7 1 GB RAM 500 MB Available Hard Disk Space RS-232 Serial Port or USB/RS-232
ESCan only works at the Globel OBDII level; therefore, it does not support enhanced coverage. Connectivity USB RS232 (9-pin Serial Port) Bluetooth Wireless
Update Program This software is relatively static; therefore there is no official update program. Screen Captures (At End of Chapter) Figure 26-33 Adv Fuel Trim Analysis Figure 26-34 Volumetric Efficiency View
ATSs EScan atsnm.com/escan.htm
Other PC-Based Scan Tools
AutoTap www.autotap.com OBDLink CI www.scantool.net OBD Pros www.obdpros.com
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PicoScope Overview One of the best examples of a PC-based DSO is the PicoScope by Pico Technology. The company was established in 1991, offering PC-based DSOs and data loggers for general electronics testing. Tom Roberts of Autonerdz posted the first screen capture of a PicoScope on the International Automotive Technicians Network (iATN) in August 2001. The use of PicoScopes has since grown to the point that Pico Technology now offers automotive kits. Everything needed to turn a laptop or desktop PC into a powerful automotive diagnostic tool is
PC-Based Oscilloscopes
Overview Digital storage oscilloscopes (DSOs) are migrating toward the PC platform for all of the same reasons that scan tools are, including: Bigger display screens More processing power Lower overall equipment cost
With PC-based DSOs, all of the test leads plug into an interface box. The interface box, in turn, communicates with a computer over a USB connection. In most cases one PC could be used to support both a scan tool and a DSO.
Figure 26-19: Typical PicoScope Diagnostic Automotive Kit

Current Automotive PicoScope Kits Feature Channels Accuracy Memory Max Sample Rate 1-2 Channels Max Sample Rate 3-4 Channels 60A DC Current Clamp 600A AC/DC Current Clamp 20:1 Attenuator TA000 BNC to 4mm Test Lead Secondary Ignition Pickup Spark Plug Leads COP Probe 2-Pin Break Out Lead Breakout Cable Small Breakout Cable Medium Breakout Cable Large Fuse Buddies - ATC Fuse Buddies - Mini ATC 60 MHz Oscilloscope Probe Multi-Meter Probes Small Alligator Clips Dolphin Clips Insulation Piercing Probes Acupuncture Probes S-Hook Cable Identifier Kit Electronics Diagnostic CD-ROM Automotive Software CD-ROM Powered by USB 2.0 Carrying Case 1 32 Million Sample Buffer 2 2 Red and 2 Black 3 1 Red and 1 Black
Table 26-1: Current Automotive PicoScope Kits
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4423 Adv Kit 4 1% 32 M1 80 MS/s 20 MS/s 2 1 4 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 42 42 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 X 1
4223 Kit 2 1% 32 M1 80 MS/s 1 1 2 2 2 1 42 42 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 X 1
4423 Kit 4 1% 32 M1 80 MS/s 20 MS/s 1 1 4 4 4 1 42 42 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 X 1
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ed States is excellent. The PicoScope website offers a full list of U.S. distributors, but the two most supportive of the automotive service industry are Autonerdz of East Olympia, WA and AES Wave of Fresno, CA.
included in these kits (Figure 26-19).
The first automotive kit, offered in 2002, was an adaptation of existing testing and measurement units. In 2005, Pico Technology offered the first dedicated automotive DSO kit which was based on their 3000 series. Automotive kits based Tom Roberts, of Autonerdz, is a nationon the more powerful 4000 series are ally recognized PicoScope expert and now available. his website offers many PicoScope training and information resources, most of Models which are free. The PicoScope is available as a twoThe PicoScope website also offers a channel input or a 4-channel input built large amount of training and support on two different platforms, the 3000 sematerial. Their Automotive Library is ries and the 4000 series. The 4000 series excellent and contains: is significantly more powerful than the 3000 series and for the small difference 10 Tutorials on engine management in price (less than $200), the 4000 series 15 Real world case studies should be the professionals choice. Waveform Library (130+ Examples) 7 Articles about DSO usage A matrix showing the contents of the 6 Videos - PicoScope DSO Guide three current 4000 series diagnostic kits is shown in Table 26-1. Additional Screen Captures (At End of Chapter) specifications for the PicoScope 4223 Figure 26-35 Graphing View and 4423 units are available at the links provided in the section resource box. 100 second capture at 690x zoom More than 16.5 million samples per Minimum Hardware Requirements channel Windows PC Figure 26-36 Graphing View 1 GHz processor, or equivalent 50 second capture at 264x zoom 1GB Memory (XP) - more is better More than 16.6 million samples per 2GB Memory (Vista/7) - more is betchannel ter 500 MB of free drive space Windows XP SP2 / Vista / 7 USB 2.0 compliant port Training & Support Even though the PicoScope DSO is manufactured in England, the training and support of this product in the Unit 2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim
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PicoScope Automotive Home Page www.picoauto.com Diagnostic Kit Home Page www.picoauto.com/diagnostic-kits. html 3000 Series Specifications www.picoauto.com/labscopes.html 4000 Series Specifications www.picoauto.com/diagnosticscopes.html Automotive Library www.picoauto.com/automotivelibrary.html Autonerdz - U.S. Distributor autonerdz.com AES Wave - U.S. Distributor www.aeswave.com CRAG Technologies - U.S. Distributor www.pc-oscilloscopes.com
Figure 26-20: EScope Limited Kit
ATS EScope Company Overview Automotive Test Solutions (ATS) was formed by Bernie Thompson and Neal Pederson in 2001. Bernie is a graduate of Lincoln Tech and owns a 10-bay repair facility in Albuquerque, NM. Neal is an electrical engineer/computer programmer with experience in designing control systems for equipment ranging from particle accelerators to nuclear reactors. Together, Bernie and Neal have released patented and proven technologies that have been recognized by Motor Magazines prestigious Top 20 Awards. Models ATS offers EScope Limited, a 4-channel DSO (Figure 26-21) and EScope Pro, an
Figure 26-21: 4-Channel EScope Limited
Figure 26-22: 8-Channel EScope Pro
8-channel DSO (Figure 26-22). Detailed specifications on the scopes capabilities are on the ATS website, but the contents of each kit and minimum hardware requirements are:
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4-Channel EScope Limited nana to Plug Leads 8 - Color Coded T Wire Piercers Kit Includes: AC Coupler 4 - 9 ft BNC - Banana Plug Leads 12V DC Power Supply (Battery Clips) 4 - 12 ft Extensions Power Supply to Cigarette lighter 1 - Ground Lead Power Cord 8 - Back Probes USB Cable 1 - Banana Plug Adapter Bracket Set for Laptop 4 - Alligator Clips 2 - Extra EScope Fuses 4 - T Wire Piercers EScope Pro and Software 1 - 3 ft USB Cable Hard Plastic Case with Foam Pad 2 - Extra EScope Fuses ding for Accessory Kit EScope & Software Minimum Hardware Requirements: Minimum hardware requirements: XGA Screen Resolution (1024x768) XGA Screen Resolution 2 GHz or Duo Core Processor) (1024x768) Windows 2000 / XP / Vista / 7 1 GHz Processor Speed 1GB RAM (more is better) Windows 2000 / XP / Vista / 7 500 MB Available Hard Disk Space 1GB RAM (more is better) USB 2.0 Hi-Speed Port 500 MB Available Hard Disk Screen Captures (At End of Chapter) Space USB 2.0 Hi-Speed Port Figure 26-37 8 Graph View Figure 26-38 2 Graph View 8-Channel EScope Pro Figure 26-39 8 Graph View Kit Includes: High Current Amp Clamp (600A Max) Low Current Amp Clamp (60A Max) 9 - 12 ft Color Coded Cable Extensions 9 ft Battery Ground Cable 8 - Color Coded Back Probes with Banana Jacks 2 - Banana Plug Adapters 12 - Color Coded Alligator Clips with Banana Jacks 2 - Test Probes with Banana Jacks (One Black, One Red) 10 - Color Coded 6 ft BNC Ba-
ATSs EScope Home Page automotivetestsolutions.com/scopes. htm
Screen Capture Software

Overview With screen capture software a technician can easily add a known good pattern, or a known bad pattern, from diagnostic equipment into a database for future reference. These programs make it possible for a technician to build up a large library of information that is easy to manage.

Capturing Image vs. Data Points Screen capture software stores information either as an image or as a set of data points. Image Capture - With this technique, the result of a print command is sent to a PC instead of a printer. The screen capture software converts the printer output to a graphic image. While this technique will produce an accurate representation of the screen it is difficult, to manipulate any of the information in the screen capture. Data Point Capture - With this technique the data points originally used to draw the waveform on the testers screen are sent to a PC. Screen capture software can then recreate a waveform dynamically using these data points. Since this technique stores data points, and not a static image, manipulation of the output is supported. Changing the scale of a waveform or combining multiple waveforms into one chart are just a couple of ways to manipulate an image saved using use data point capture. However, not all diagnostic equipment will output data point sets. AES Wave
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The Automotive Electronic Services (AES) Wave program is among the more popular choices used to store waveforms. This software was written by Jorge Menchu a former automotive technician and owner of AES, which is one of the best sources for automotive testing equipment and accessories. Jorge is also a popular presenter at automotive conferences and has contributed much to the industry. Using the AES Wave program is straightforward as indicated in these steps: Install- Install the AES software on a Windows PC Configure - Follow the detailed instructions to configure both the software and the test equipment Connect - Connect the test equipment from the testers printer output port to a serial port on the computer Print - Use the testers print feature to send the screen to the PC where AES will add the image to a database.
When the screen capture is saved in the AES Wave program, a prompt asks for information such as: Year, Make, Model, Symptom, Test Point, and Testing Conditions. This information can then be used later to filter a search. The AES Wave proggram not only captures images, but can optionally capture data points from Fluke 97 and Fluke 98 testers. AES Wave can also be used to
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Figure 26-23: The Single Record View of the AES Wave Software
store and manage any image on the computer. A built-in report generator makes it easy to print copies of any information stored in the program. AES Wave is compatible with the following automotive testers: ADL 7100 Sensor Scope Counselor 2 Edge PAC unit ET-2020 Fluke 190-series Fluke 97/97a Fluke 98 and 98 series 2 Interro PDA KAL 575/565a/565 LS-2000 Mac Quick Scope MasterTech
Matco Insight NGS (Power User Module required) OTC Genisys (screen capture from REMOTE DISPLAY software) OTC Perception (screen capture from GTI software) OTC Vision and Vision II Snap-On/Edge PAC unit Snap-On Scanner (frame captures only) Snap-On Vantage PGM Snap-On MODIS, SOLUS and VantagePro (via CF card) Tek 565/575 Tek THS 710/720
AES Wave Software www.aeswave.com/Products/Product. asp?i=97

Waveform Manager Pro Waveform Manager Pro is a screen capturing program offered by Metratek. The program is based on the data capture model; however, the program is also able to capture screen images. Progressive Diagnostics Co. initially marketed the program as WaveFile AutoPro and a large library of automotive waveforms saved with this program, is available on the Metratek site as a free download. This waveform library is compatible with the current version of Waveform Manager Pro. Waveform Manager Pros strength is its ability to manipulate waveforms at any point in the future. Some of the ways
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to control the display of a stored set of data points include: Change the scale of waveforms Combine multiple waveforms on one screen Change the color of a waveform Add annotations Control of colors fonts, styles Drag & Drop waveform placement
The program supports the printing of waveforms and can also output waveforms as graphics files. System Requirements Windows PC Windows: 2000 / XP / Vista / 7 One serial port
Figure 26-24: Waveform Manager Pro - Record View
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Supported Test Equipment Bosch - PMS100 Cornwell - TechTrace Ferret - Model 91 Fluke - Series 97A, 98 Hickock - NGS ITTI - L110 Kenwood - DLS505 Mac Tools - ET2010, ET2020, ET2025 Matco - InSight, Reality OTC - Vision, Perception Snap-On/Sun - LS2000, LS2000a, Snap-On EEOS306A Snap-On Vantage Snap-On Counselor II Snap-On MT2500 Scanner Summit - SAS 6000 Sun - LS2000 Tektronix - THM571U (Mac ET2020), TektronixTHM575 (Kal-Equip) UEI - ADL7100 Vetronix - Mastertech
Waveform Manager Pro www.metratek.com/ds_pro.html WaveFile AutoPro Library www.metratek.com/WfmLib.htm

PC- Based Equipment Screen Captures
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Figure 26-25: AutoEnginuitys Monitor Status View
Figure 26-26: AutoEnginuitys DTC & Freeze Frame View
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Figure 26-27: AutoEnginuitys Digital Data View
Figure 26-28: AutoEnginuitys Graphing View
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Figure 26-29: EASE Diagnostics Graphing Mode
Figure 26-30: EASE Diagnostics Parameter List View
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Figure 26-31: EASE Diagnostics Freeze Frame View
Figure 26-32: EASE Diagnostics Bidirectional Control Screen
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Figure 26-33: EScans Advanced Fuel Trim Analysis
Figure 26-34: EScans Volumetric Efficiency View - 2000 GM 3.1 Liter With Bad MAF Sensor
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Figure 26-35: PicoScope Graphing View - 100 Second Capture at 690x Zoom - More Than 16.5 Million Samples per Channel
Figure 26-36: PicoScope Graphing View - 50 Second Capture at 264x Zoom - More Than 16.5 Million Samples per Channel
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Figure 26-37: EScope 8-Graph View - Toyota With Failing Injectors
Figure 26-38: EScope 2-Graph View - Chevy Injector and O2 Sensor Signal
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Figure 26-39: EScope 8-Graph View - Jeep Injectors Out of Sync

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Chapter 26

PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

Figure 26-1: OTC Genisys - Photo Courtesy of OTC

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

Figure 26-2: Dell Latitude E6400 XFR - Image Courtesy of Dell

2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim

Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

Figure 26-5: Custom Built Automotive Diagnostic Cart

Figure 26-4: Diagnostic Tool Cart

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

John Anellos Boot Camp www.autotechonwheels.com/bootcamp.htm

2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim

Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

Figure 26-7: Lenovo S10 Netbook Using AutoEnginuity

Figure 26-8: Lenovo S10 Netbook Using PicoScope DSO

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

PC-Based Scan Tools

2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim

Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

OEM Scan Tools

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim

Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

Figure 26-11: HDS Pocket Tester

2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim

Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

Figure 26-12: Hondas GNA600 Gateway Device

Hondas Service Express techinfo.honda.com Teradyne GNA Website www.teradyne-ds.com/GNA600Sales/ tabid/83/Default.aspx

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

Toyota TIS Website techinfo.toyota.com

2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim

Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

Aftermarket Scan Tools

2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim

Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

Figure 26-15: AutoEnginuity

2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim

Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

EASE Diagnostics www.obd2.com

2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim

Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

ATSs EScan atsnm.com/escan.htm

Other PC-Based Scan Tools

AutoTap www.autotap.com OBDLink CI www.scantool.net OBD Pros www.obdpros.com

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

Figure 26-19: Typical PicoScope Diagnostic Automotive Kit

2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim

Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

4223 Kit 2 1% 32 M1 80 MS/s 1 1 2 2 2 1 42 42 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 X 1

4423 Kit 4 1% 32 M1 80 MS/s 20 MS/s 1 1 4 4 4 1 42 42 23 1 1 1 1 1 1 X 1

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

included in these kits (Figure 26-19).

Chapter 26: PC-Based Diagnostic Equipment

Figure 26-21: 4-Channel EScope Limited

Figure 26-22: 8-Channel EScope Pro

Part III: Automotive Applications of Technology

ATSs EScope Home Page automotivetestsolutions.com/scopes. htm

Screen Capture Software

2009 - All Rights Reserved | DLP Publishing | Grant Swaim