Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
The objectives of this experiment are: 1. To study different parts of the boiler 2. To study operation of the boiler
Country of make: Germany. Capacity: 1600 kg/hr Maximum working pressure: 16 bar Type of Burner: Gas Burner. Fuel/ fuels used: Natural Gas.
Mountings:
Boiler mountings are the machine components that are mounted over the body of the boiler itself for the safety the of the boiler and for complete control of the process of steam generation.The important boiler mountings are:
Water Level Indicator: They show the operator the level of fluid in the boiler.
Pressure Gauge: It is need to measure the pressure of the steam inside the steam boiler.
Safety Valves:
possible explosion of the boiler. Steam Stop Valve: It is used to control the flow of steam
from the boiler to the main steam pipe and to shut off steam completely when required. Blow off Cock: Blow of cock empty the boiler whenever which are
required and to discharge the mud, sediments accumulated at the bottom of the boiler.
Feed Check Valve: Its main purpose is to regulate the supply of water, which is pumped into the boiler, by the feed pump.
Accessories:
These are the devices which are used to improve the efficiency of a boiler.The important boiler accessories are:
Feed Pump:
It delivers water to the boiler for continuously converting into steam.It may be of Centrifugal or Reciprocating type.
Super Heater: It is placed in the path of hot flue gases from the furnace and its purpose is to increase the temperature of saturated steam without rising its pressure.
Flow meter
ON-OFF Valve
Solenoid Valve
Pressure Gauge
Regulator
Filter
Air
Blower
Boiler
Non-return Valve
Pressure Gauge
Kilo-Watt Rating:
Seldom boiler rating is given in kW. This is subject to the same Tonnage Rating.To establish the actual evaporation by mass, it is first necessary to know the temperature of the feed water and the pressure of the steam produced, in order to establish how much energy is added to each kg of water. The following equation can then be used to calculate the steam output:
Boiler hp Rating(bhp):
One bhp is the evaporation of 15.648 kg of water per hour from a temperature of 100oC into dry saturated steam at the same temperature. Equivalent to 35.291 MJ/h.
Close the water cock and open the drain cock for approximately 5 seconds. Close the drain cock and open the water cock. Water should return to its normal working level relatively quickly. If water doesnt return, then the blockage in the water cock sholud be identified, and remedial action should be taken as soon as possible. Close the steam cock and open the drain cock for 5 seconds. Close the drain cock and open the steam cock. If the water does not return to its normal working level relatively quickly, a blockage may exist in the steam cock. Remedial action should be taken as soon as possible.
The authorized attendant should systematically test the water gauges at least once each day and should be provided with suitable protection for the face and hands, as a safeguard against scalding in the event of glass breakage. Functions and pressure setting of safety valve: Safety valve is a protective device that be used in the steam boiler to avoid overpressure.
The function of a safety valve is to blow off the steam when the pressure of steam inside the boiler exceeds the working pressure. The safety valve used in this fire tube steam boiler is spring loaded safety valve. It is loaded with spring instead of weights. The spring is made of round or square spring steel rod in helical form. The spring may be in tension or compression, as the steam pressure acts along the axis of the spring. Usually, the spring is placed in compression. When the pressure in boiler space exceeds a certain limit, then safety valve opens and remove excess amount of pressure to the atmosphere. Thus safety valve prevents building excessive pressure in the boiler. It is situated at the top of the boiler.
Discussion:
In this experiment, we got to know about a fire tube boiler and its mountings and accessories. Boiler mountings ensure the safety and proper running of the boiler while the boiler accessories increase its efficiency. From our observation we learned about the functions and purposes of various mountings and accessories. We also learned about the water treatment plant which has a great significance for efficiency and long term well being of the boiler. We came to know about several technical terms such as boiler ratings, hydraulic test etc. We also learned about inspection of a boiler.