Determination of Critical Speed of a Shaft

By

Abu Rakib Md. Iqbal

Student no. 200318014

Mohsin Kamal

Student no. 200318020

Supervised By
Dr. Md. Ehsan
Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, BUET

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Military Institute of Science and Technology
Dhaka, Bangladesh

December, 2006
 STUDENT DECLARATION

This is to certify that the work presented in this thesis titled "DETERMINATION OF
CRITICAL SPEED OF A SHAFT " is an outcome of the investigation carried out by the
authors under the supervision of Dr. Md. Ehsan, Professor, Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, Dhaka. This thesis or any part of it has not been submitted
to elsewhere for the award of any other degree or diploma or other similar title
or prize.

Submitted by

-------------------------------
Abu Rakib Md, Iqbal
Student no. 200318014

-------------------------------
Mohsin Kamal
Student no. 200318020

Approved by

--------------------------------
Dr. Md. Ehsan
Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering

II
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
Dhaka

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

At first all praises belong to Almighty Allah, the most Merciful, the most
Beneficent to man and his action.

We express our profound gratitude and indebtedness to our thesis supervisor

Dr.Md. Ehsan, Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bangladesh
University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, for his valuable guidance,
suggestions and constant supervision at different stages for fulfilling our project
work. His enthusiastic reviews and magnificent ideas upon different aspects of the
work enabled us to overcome many difficulties in completing this tasks. It would
have been quite impossible to carry on this project work and bring it at a final
shape without his advice and sympathetic encouragement.

At the beginning of our work we made some theoretical calculations and

developed a design under Dr. A. S. Akanda, Associate Professor, BUET, Dhaka.
He helped us with his valuable advises.

Our special thanks to all the lab assistants of SM Laboratory and Technicians of
Machine Tool Lab and Welding shop of MIST who participated in various tasks
related to this project.

We are also thankful to our family members and friends for supporting us in every
stage of this project work when we needed.

Abu Rakib Md. Iqbal.

Mohin Kamal
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Military Institute of Science and Technology,

III
Dhaka.
December, 2006.

ABSTRACT

Critical speed measurement of a shaft of a material is an important issue. The

maximum speed that a shaft can rotate without large vibration and deformation is
measured by measuring the critical speed of that shaft by a critical speed
measuring machine. This project work describes the design and development of a
critical speed measuring machine. As a practical demonstration of the usefulness
of this study, a critical speed measuring machine for a shaft has been
manufactured from locally available materials and components based on a simple
design and data. On completion the experimental result has been compared with
theoretical predictions for a number of configurations.

IV
CONTENTS

CHAPTERS Page
no.

Chapter One : Introduction 1-2

Chapter Two : LITERATURE REVIEW 3-9

2.1 Vibratory Motion 3

2.2 Transverse Vibration 3

2.3 Critical Speed or Whirling Speed of a Shaft 4

2.4 Critical speed of parts of vehicles and other machinery: 8

2.5 Speed Vs Vibration curve 9

Chapter Three : DESIGN AND FABRICATION 10-28

3.1 Materials 10

3.1.1 Properties of materials used 10

3.1.2 Benefits of Stainless Steel 11

3.2 Components 14

3.3 Drawing 17

3.4. Manufacturing process 27

V
CONTENTS

CHAPTERS Page no.

Chapter Four : EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE AND RESULTS 29-35

4.1. Experimental Procedure 29

4.2. Theoretical value calculation 30

4.3. Critical speed calculation 33

Chapter Five : DISCUSSION OF RESULT 36-37

5.1 Accuracy 36

5.2 Future works 37

REFERENCES 38

APPENDIX 39

VI
Nomenclatures

W = weight

m = mass

L = length

d = diameter

Y = static deflection

E = modulus of elasticity

I = polar moment of inertia

K = spring constant

g = acceleration due to gravity

n = critical or whirling speed at rpm.

VII