Labor Standards Course Outline Atty. Angelo A. Jimenez New Era University College of Law (!

st Semester, AY 2011-2012) Main Sources: Constitution of the Philippines Labor Code and Implementing Rules and Regulations Other Assigned Readings Recommended Textbook: The Labor Code with Comments and Cases, Azucena, 7th Ed.

I. INTROUCTION TO LABOR LAW A. Definition of Labor Law B. Bases of Labor Law: Police Power of the State St. Lukes Medical Center Employeess Foundation-AFW (SLMCEA-AFW) v. NLRC, 517 SCRA 677 (2007) C. Goal: Social Justice, Industrial Peace and Balancing of Interest Constitution, Art. II, Sec. 10; Art. XIII, Secs. 1 3 Calalang v. Williams,70 Phil 726 (1940) Tirazona v. Phil. EDS Techno-Service, Inc. 576 SCRA 625 (2009) Hotel Enterprises of the Phils. V. Samahan ng mga Manggagawa sa Hyatt 588 SCRA 497 (2009) Ha Yuan Restaurant v. NLRC, G.R. No. 147719 (Jan 27, 2006) D. Limits on the Application of the Social Justice Principle PLDT v. NLRC, 164 SCRA 671 (G.R. No. 80609 23 Aug. 1988) E. Management Prerogative Constitution,Art. XIII, Sec. 3 Industrial Timber Corporation v. Ababon, 480 SCRA 171 (2006)

F. Classification 1. Labor Standards 2. Labor Relations 3. Social Security Legislation G. Labor Sources of Rights and Benefits 1. 1987 Constitution, Art. II, Secs. 5, 9, 10, 13, 14, 18, Art. III Sec. 8, Art XIII Secs. 1,3, 14 Casimiro v. Stern Real Estate, Inc., G.R. No. 162233 Mar. 10, 2006

2. New Civil Code, Arts. 19, 21 (Exercise of Rights/Compnesation for Damages), 1700-71 (Relations between Capital and Labor), Innodata Philippine, Inc. v. Quejada-Lopez, G.R. No. 162839 Oct. 12, 2006 3. Collective Bargaining New Civil Code Arts. 1305-06 DOLE Phils. V. Pawis ng Makabayang Obrero, 395 SCRA 112 (2003) 4. Labor Code and its Omnibus Implementing Rules 5. Company Rules China Banking Corporation v. Borromeo, 440 SCRA 621 (2004) 6. International Instruments and ILO Recommendations a.) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Art. 22 b.) International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Arts., 69 c.) International Covention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women,Art. 11 d.) International Labor Organization Coventions International School Alliance of Educators v. Quisumbing, 333 SCRA 13 (2000)

II. LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES A. Brief History B. Title of Decree Art. 1 C. Effectivity - Art. 2 D. Declaration of Basic Policy - Art 3 E. Construction in Favor Of Labor - Art. 4 Civil Code of the Philippines , Art. 1702 Dealco Farms, Inc., v. NLRC, G.R. No. 153192 (Jan. 30, 2009) Penaflor v. Outdoor Clothing Manufacturing Corp., et.al, G.R. No. 177114 (Jan. 21, 2010) F. Technical Rules Not Binding/Liberality in Application of Rules - Art 221 Huntington Steel Products, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 158311 (Nov. 17, 2004) Industrial Timber Corporation v. Ababon, 480 SCRA 171 (2006) G. Rule Making Power/Limitations Art. 5 Kapisanan ng mga Manggagawang Pinagyakap v. NLRC, 152 SCRA 6 (1987)

H. Applicability of the Labor Code, Art. 6, 276, Constitution, Art IX-B, Sec. 2 (1) PNOC energy Development Corp. v. NLRC, 210 SCRA 487 I. Enforcement and Sanctions Arts 217 (a) (2), (3), (4), (6); 128-129; 288-292; Constitution Art. III, Secs. 11 and 16 Cireneo Bowling Plaza, Inc. v. Sensing, 448 SCRA 175 (2005) III. Work Relationship A. Definition of Employer-Employee Relationship Arts. 97 (a) (b) (c); 167 (f), (g), (h) 212 (e) (f) B. Tests of Employer- Employee Relationships - Sycip, Gorres, Velayo & Co. v. De Raedt, G.R. No. 161366 (June 16, 2009) - Dealco Farms, Inc., v. NLRC, G.R. No. 153192 (Jan. 30, 2009) - Television & Production Exponents, Inc. RC Servana, G.R. NO. 167648 (Jan. 28, 2008 - Orozco v. Fifth Division, CA, 562 SCRA 36 (Aug. 2008) C. Piercing the Veil of Corporate Fiction - Pamplona Plantation Co., Inc.v. Tinghil, G.R. 159121 (Feb. 3, 2005) 450 SCRA 421 D. Independent Contractor versus Labor-Only Contractor - Arts. 106-109; DOLE D.O. No. 10 as incorporated in Rule VIII-A, Book III Omnibus Rules Implementing the Labor Code; D.O. No. 3, Series of 2001,; D.O. No. 18-02, Series of 2002; D.O. 18-03, Secs. 11-12 (Registration of Contractors)D.O. No. 14, Series of 2001 (Security Guards), Sec. 8 1. Requirements for Independent Contractor - Aliviado, et. Al v. Procter and Gamble Phil., Inc. & PROMM-GEM, Inc., G.R. No. 160506 (March 9, 2010) - Coca Cola bottlers Phils., Inc. v. Dela Cruz et. al., G.R. No. 184977 (Dec. 7, 2009) - San Miguel Corp. v. NLRC, 510 SCRA 181 (2006) - Philippine Bank of Communications v. NLRC, 146 SCRA 347 2. Effects of Non-compliance D.O. 18-02, Sec. 11 3rd Parag. - San Miguel Corp. v. Aballa, 461 SCRA 392 (2005) - Sandoval Shipyards v. Pepito et. al., G.R. No. 143428 (June 25, 2001) 3. Requirements/Prohibition on Labor-Only Contractor - Manila Water Co., Inc. V. Pena, 434 SCRA 52 (2004) 4. Liability of Indirect Employer

- Eparwa Security and janitorial Services, Inc. v. Liceo de Cagayan University, 508 SCRA 370 (2007) IV. Pre-employment, Recruitment and Placement of Workers References: Arts. 12 39, POEA Rules and Regulations Governing the Recruitment and Employment of Land-Based Overseas Workers (May 2002), R.A. 8042 (1995) as amended by R.A. 10022 (2010). A. Employment Policies/Statement of Objectives Arts. 3, 12 (a) (b) (f); Constitution Art II, Sec 9, Art XIII, Sec. 3 par. 1; R.A. 8042 Secs. 2 (a) (b) in relation to (g) (c), 4, 5 as amended by R.A. 10022. B. Employment Agencies 1. Private Sector Agencies a. Parties 1) Worker Art. 13 (a); RA 8042 Sec. 3 (a) 2) Private employment agency Art. 13 (d); Art. 12 (f); Arts 14 (a) 3) Private recruitment entity Art 13 (e) (f); Art 12 (f); Art 14 (a) b. Recruitment and Placement 1) Local employment Art. 13 (b) 2) Overseas employment RA 8042 Sec. 6 as amended c. Allowed and Protected Entities 1) Allowed Private Agencies and Entities - Arts 16, 25, 18, 12 (f); POEA rules Part I,rule II, Sec 1 2) Prohibited Business Agencies and Entities Arts 16, 18, 25, 26; POEA Rules Part I, Rule II Sec. 2 Travel Agencies 3) Ban on Direct Hiring Art. 18; Exception Art. 18 2nd Sentence - Hornales vs. NLRC, 364 SCRA 778 (2001) d. Government Techniques of Regulation Private Recruitment 1) Licensing a) Qualifications Arts 27, 28: POEA Rules Part II, Rule I Sec 1 (a) (b) b) Issuance of License Arts 29, 30, 31; POEA Rules Part II, rule II Secs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

2) Workers Fees Art 32 3) Reportorial Requirements/Employment Information Arts 33, 14 (d) 4) Illegal Recuritment Arts 34, 38; RA *)$@ Secs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 as amended 4.1) Prohibited Practices 4.2) Undertaken by non-licencees, non-holders of license - People vs. Dujua, 442 SCRA 169 (2004) - People vs. Domingo, 584 SCRA 669 (2009) - People vs. Gallo, GRN 185277 (March 18, 2010 - Salazar vs. Achacoso, 183 SCRA 145 (1990) RA 8042 Art 38 Unconstitutional, only judge may issue search and arrest warrants 5) Enforcement a) Regulatory Power Art 36 b) Rule-Making Power Art 36 c) Visitorial Power Art 37 6) Joint and Several Liability of Agent and Principal POEA rules Part II, Rule II Sec 1 (f); RA 8042 Sec. 10 2nd parag. e. Jurisdiction 1) RTC over Criminal Action arising from Illegal Recruitment RA 8042, Sec 9 2) Labor Arbiter over Money Claims of OFWs RA 8042 Sec. 10 as amended - Flourish Maritime Shipping vs. Almanzor, 568 SCRA 713 (2008) - Serrano vs. Gallant Maritime Services, Inc. 582 SCRA 254 (2009) 3) POEA over Administrative Cases a) Pre-employment Cases Omnibus Rules Implementing RA 8042 Sec. 28 (a) b) Disciplinary Cases Sec. 28 (b) 2. Public Sector Employment Offices Art. 12 (f); 14 (a); E.O. 247 (Reorganizing the POEA) Sec 3, POEA rules 3. Sanctions

a. Local Employment Art 39 b. Overseas Employment Art 35; RA 8042 Secs. 6, 7, 10 as amended c. Trafficking in Person, Convention on the Supression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Prostitution of Others; RA 9208; Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 9208 C. Alien Employment Regulation References: Arts 12 (e), 40-42; Omnibus Rules Implementing the Labor Code Book I, Rule XIV; D.O. 12 (Omnibus guidelines for Issuance of Employment Permits to Foreign Nationals) Nov. 16, 2001; D.O. Nos. 19-02, 26-02 (Series of 2002); D.O. No. 41-03 (Series of 2003); D.O. No. 59-04 (Series of 2004); D.O. No. 75-06 (Series of 2006); D.O. No. 97-09 (Series of 2009); Constitution Art XII, Sec 12. 1.Coverage/Exemption Art. 40; D.O. No. 97-09 Secs 1,2 -Almodiel vs. NLRC 223 SCRA 341 (1993) 2.Conditions for Grant of Permit/Denial D.O. No. 97-09 Secs 3,4,5,6,10 - General Milling Corp. vs.Torres 196 SCRA 215 (1991) - Pacific Consultants International Asia, Inc. vs. Schonfeld GRN 166920 Feb. 19, 2007 3. . Renewal/Validity of AEP D.O. No. 97-09, Secs. 9, 11 4. Revocation/Cancellation/Grounds D.O. No. 97-09 Secs 12-14 V. Human Resources Development References: Arts 57-81; RA 7796 Technical Education and skills Development Authority Act of 1994 (TESDA); R.A. 7686 Dual Training Systems Act of 1994; R.A. 7277 Magna Carta for Disable Persons A. Policy Objectives RA 7796 Secs. 2,3 B. Apprentice 1. Definition Art 58 (b); RA 7796 Sec. 4 (j) (k) 2. Apprenticeable Occupation RA 7796 Sec. 4 (m) 3. Qualification Omnibus Rules Rule VI, Sec. 11; RA 7610, Sec. 12 as amended by RA 7658 4. Allowed Employers and Occupation Art. 60 - Nitto Enterprises vs. NLRC, 258 SCRA 654 (1995)

5. Terms and Conditions of Employment Arts 61, 72 6. Costs Art. 71 7. Enforcement Arts 65-67 C. Learners 1. Definition Arts 73; RA 7796 Sec. 4 (n) 2. Allowed Employment Art. 74 3. Terms and Conditions of Employment Arts 75, 76 D. Persons with Disabilities (Handicapped) ILO Convention 159 (1983); RA 7277 Definition RA 7277 Sec. 4 (a) (b) (c) (d) Policy Declaration RA 7277 Sec. 2 Coverage R.A. 7277 Sec. 3 Rights and Privileges RA 7277 Secs. 5-7 - Bernardo vs. NLRC & FEBTC, 310 SCRA 186 (1999) 5. Discrimination RA 7277 Secs 32, 33 6. Enforcement Secs. 44, 45, 46 1. 2. 3. 4.

VI. Conditions of Work Reference: Arts 82-90; Omnibus Rules Book III, Rules 1, 1-A, II A. Hours of Work 1. Regulation/Rational - Manila Terminal Co. Inc. Vs. CIR, 91 Phil 625 (1952) 2. Coverage/Exemptions Art. 82, 276; rules 1, Secs 1-4 a. Government Employees Constitution Art IX-B, Sec 2 (1); Omnibus Rules, book III, Rule 1, Sec 2 (a) b. Managerial Employees Art 82; Omnibus Rules Book III, Rule 1 Sec. 2 (b) (c) - Asia Pacific Christening, Inc. vs. Farolan, 393 SCRA 454 (2004) - Charlito Penaranda vs. Baganga Plywood Corp., 489 SCRA 94 (2006) 3. Field Personnel Art. 82; Omnibus Rules Book III, Rule I, Sec. 2 (f) - Mercidar Fishing Corp. vs. NLRC, 297 SCRA 440 (1998) - Auto Bus Transport Systems, Inc. vs. Bautista, 458 SCRA 578 (2005) 4. Dependent Family Members Art. 82

5. Domestic Helpers Arts 82, . 141, 145; Omnibus rules, Book III, Rule I, Sec. 2 (d) 6. Persons in the Personal Service of Another Art. 82, Omnibus Rules Book III, Rule 1, Sec. 2 (d) 7. Piece Workers Art. 82; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule 1, Sec. 2 (e) - Labor Congress vs. NLRC, 290 SCRA 509 (1998) 8. Normal Hours of Work Art. 83 9. Compensable Hours of Work Art. 83 a. On Duty Art. 84 (a), Book III, Rule I, Sec. 3 (a), Sec. 4 (a) b. At Work Art. 84 (a); Book III, Rule I, Sec. 3 (b) 10. Specific Rules a. Rest Period 1) Short Duration or Coffee Break Art. 84 2nd parag.; Book III, Rule I, Sec. 7 2nd parag. 2) More than 20 mins. Book III, Rule I Sec. 4 (b) b. Meal Period 1) Regular Meal Period (One Hour) Art. 85; Book III, Rule I, Sec. 7 1st parag. - Philippine Airlines, Inc. vs. NLRC, 302 SCRA 582 (1999) 2) Shorter Meal Period (Less than One Hours, but Not Less than 20 Minutes) Book III, Rule I, Sec. 7 1st parag. c. Waiting Time Book III, rule I, Sec. 5 (a) - Arica vs. NLRC, 170 SCRA 776 (1989) d. On Call Book III, Rule I, Sec. 5 (b) e. Inactive Due to Work Interruptions Book III, Rule I, Sec. 4 (d) - University of Pangasinan Faculty Union vs. University of Pangasinan, 127 SCRA 691 (Feb. 20, 1984)+++ f. Necessary Work After Normal Hours Book III, Rule I, Sec. 4 (c) g. Lectures, Meetings, Training Programs, - Book III, Rule I, Sec. 6 h. Travel Time - Rada vs. NLRC, 205 SCRA 69 (1992) 11. Overtime Work/Pay Art. 87-90; Book III, Rule I, Sec. 8-11 a. Overtime in Ordinary Working Day Art. 87; Book III, Rule I, Sec. 8 b. Emergency or Compulsory Overtime Work Art. 89

c. d. e. f.

R.B. Michael Press vs. Nicasio Galit, G.R. No. 153510 (Feb 13, 2008) Undertime Work/Leave Art. 88 Additional Compensation Art. 87 Proof of Work/WEmployer Obligation - Social Security System vs. Court of Appeals, 348 SCRA 1 (2000) Night Work Art. 86, Book III, Rule II, Secs 1-6; ILO Convention 89 (1948) 1) Coverage/Exclusion Book III, Rule II Sec. 1 2) Additional Compensation Art. 86, Book III, Rule II, Secs. 2-5 - Shell Company vs. National Labor Union, 81 Phil 315 (1948) - Lepanto Consolidated Mining Co. vs. Lepanto Local Staff Union, 562 SCRA 495 (Aug. 2008)

B. Weekly Rest Periods Reference: Art. 991-93: Omnibus Rules,Book III,Rule III, Secs. 1-9 Caltex Regular employees, etc. vs. altex (Phils.) Inc., 247 SCRA 398 (1995)

1. Coverage/Exclusions Arts. 82, 91; Book III, Rule III, Sec. 1 Right to Weekly Rest Periods Art. 91 (a); Book III,Rule III, Sec. 3 Determination/Preference of Employee Art. 91 (b); Book III, Rule III, Secs. 4, 5 Compulsory Work on Rest Day Art. 92; Book III, Rule III, Sec. 6 Premium Pay Art. 93 (a) (b) (c); Book III, Rule III, Sec. 7 Work on a Sunday or Holiday which is also a Scheduled Rest Day Art. 93 (a) (b); Book III,Rule III, sec. 7 (a) (b) 7. CBA on Hihger Premium Pay Art. 93 (d); Book III, Rule III, Secs. 7 (e), 9 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. C. Holidays Reference: Art. 94; Executive Order 203 (1987); Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule IV; P.D. 1083 Code of Muslim Personal Laws (Feb. 4, 1977); R.A. 9492 1. Definition a. Retail Establishments, Rules Implementing RA 6727, parag. f b. Service Establishments, rules Implementing RA 6727 parag. G 2. Coverage/Exclusions Art. 94 (a); Book III, Rule IV, Sec. 1 - Mantrade/FMMC Division Employees and Workers Union vs. Bacungan, 144 SCRA 510 (1986) 3. Holiday Pay Art. 94 (b)

a. Faculty in Private Schools Book III, Rule IV, Sec. 8 (a) Jose Rizal College vs. NLRC, 156 SCRA 27 (1987) b. Divisor as Factor Trans-Asia Phil. Employees Association vs. NLRC, 320 SCRA 347 (1999) c. Sunday Art. 93 (a) (b), 2nd Sentence; book III, Rule III, Sec. 2 Wellington Investment Inc. vs. Trajano, 245 SCRA 561 (1995) d. Muslim Holiday Art. Art. 169-172; PD 1083: RA 9492 San Miguel Corp. vs. Court of Appeals, 357 SCRA 311 (2002)

4. Absences Book III, rule IV, Sec. 6 (a), 10 5. Non-Working Day/Scheduled Rest Day Book III, Rule IV Sec. 6 (c) D. Service Incentive Leave Reference: Art. 95; Omnibus Rules Book III, Rule V 1. Coverage Arts. 95 (a) (b); Book III, Rule V, Sec. 1 - Makati Haberdashery Inc. vs. NLRC, 179 SCRA 449 (1989) - Labor Congress vs. NLRC , 290 SCRA 509 (1998) 2. Requirements Art. 95 (a); Book III, Rule V. Secs. 2, 3 a. meaning of at least one year of service Book III, Rule V, Sec. 3 b. Treatment of Benefits Book III, rule V, Sec. 5 3. Computation and Liability - Sentinel Security Agency, Inc. vs. NLRC 295 SCRA 123 (1998) - Auto Bus Transport Sytems, Inc.. vs. Bautista, 458 SCRA 578 (2005) E. Vacation Leave/Sick Leave PNCC Skyway Traffic Management & Security Division workers Organization (PSTMSDWO) vs. PNCC Skyway Corp., G.R. No. 171231 (Feb. 17, 2010)

F. Paternity Leave R.A. No. 8187 Paternity Leave Act of 1996, Secs. 1-6; Implementing Rules 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Coverage R.A. 8187, Sec. 2; Impl. Rules, Sec. 2 Conditions R.A. 8187, Sec. 2; Impl. Rules, Secs. 2,3,4 When to avail of Benefits Implementing Rules, Sec. 5 Treatment of Benefits Impl. Rules, Sec. 7 Penalty Provisions R.A. 8187, Sec. 5; Impl. Rules, Sec. 10

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6. Employment Related Rights and Benefits 7. G. Parental Leave R.A. 8972 Solo Parents Welfare Act of 2000 1. 2. 3. 4. Coverage RA 8972, Sec. 3 (a) Criteria RA 8972, Secs. 4, 8; Impl. Rules, Art. IV, Sec. 7 Qualifications of Solo Parent RA 8972, Sec. 8; Impl. Rules, Art. IV, Sec. 8 Employment-related rights and benefits RA 8972, Sec. 3 (d) (e) a. Flexible working Schedule RA 8972, Sec. 6; Impl. Rules, Art. V, Sec. 17 b. Work discrimination - RA 8972, Sec. 7, Impl. Rules, Art. V, Sec. 8 c. Leave RA 8972, Sec. 8 d. Treatment of Benefits/Non-cumulative Impl. Rules, Art. V,Sec. 19, 2nd sentence

H. Victimss Leave RA 9262 An ACT Defining Violence Against Women and their Children, Sec. 43; Impl. Rules, Rule VI, Sec. 42 1. Defintion/Coverage RA 9262, Sec. 3 2. Entitlement to leave RA 9262, Sec. 43; Impl. Rules, VI, Sec. 42 I. Special Leave Benefits for Women RA 9710 Magna Carta of Women Covered Employees RA 9710, Sec. 18 J. Service Charges Reference: Art. 96; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule VI 1. Covered Employees Art. 96 2. Sharing Art. 96 - Phi. Hoteliers, Inc. vs. NUWHRAIN-APL-IUF, G.R. No. 181972 (August 25, 2009) K. Non-diminution of Benefits Art. 100 - Metropolitan Bank and Trust Co. vs. NLRC & Patag, G.R. No. 152928 (June 18, 2009) VII. Minimum Wages and Wage Fixing Machinery

Reference: Art. 97-119; Omnibus rules, Book III, rules VII-VIII A. Minimum Wage/Right to Art. 99; Constitution, Art. XIII, Sec. 3, pars. 2-4 1. Definition Art. 97 (f) - Chavez vs. NLRC, 448 SCRA 478 (2005)

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2. Coverage Arts. 97 (b) (c) (e), 98; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule VII, Sec. 3 - Philippine Fisheries Development Authority vs. NLRC, 213 SCRA 621 (1992) 3. General Principles a. No work, No pay (A fair days wage for fair days labor) - Sugue vs. Triumph International (Phils.), G.R. Nos. 164804, 164784 (January 30, 2009) - Aklan Electric Corp., Inc. vs. NLRC, 323 SCRA 258 (2000) b. Equal Pay for Work of Equal Value ILO Convention 100 (1951) c. International School Alliance of Educators vs. Quisumbing, R.R. No. 128845 (June 1, 2000) d. Form: Agreement for Compensation of Services Art. 97 (f) - Arms Taxi vs. NLRC, 219 SCRA 306 (1993) e. Exemption from Income Tax RA 9504 (June 17, 2008), Amending Sec. 2 of the National Internal Revenue Code of 1997. 4. Wages Book III, rule VII-A, Secs. 4-7; Wage order No. NCR-15 (June 16, 2010) a. Determination of Compliance with Minimum Wage - Iran vs. NLRC, 289 SCRA 433 (1998) b. Facilities and Supplemental Allowances Book III, Rule VII, Secs. 4-7 - Millares vs. NLRC & PICOP, 305 SCRA 500 (1999) c. Cash Wage/Commission 97 (f); book III, Rule VII-A, Sec 4 Songco vs. NLRC, 183 SCRA 610 (1990) Boie Takeda vs. De la Serna, 228 SCRA 329 (1993) Phil. Duplicators vs. NLRC, 241 SCRA 380 (1995) d. Gratuity and Salary/Wages, Differences Plastic Town Center Corp. vs. NLRC, 172 SCRA 580 (1989) e. Effects on Benefits Art. 100 - Davao Fruits Corp. vs. Associated Labor Union, 225 SCRA 562 (1993) B. Wage Fixing Machinery Reference: ILO Convention 26 (1928); Wage Rationalization Act (RA 6727) amending Art. 120-127; Art. 120-127; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule IX; Wage Order No. NCR14, June 16, 2010. 1.Rationale for Wage Rationalization RA 6727, Sec. 2 2. Agencies in Wage Fixing Machinery

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a. National Wages and Productivity Commission RA 6727, Sec. 3; Arts. 120, 121, 126 b. Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity Board RA. 6727, Sec. 3; Arts 122, 126 - Nasipit Lumber Co., Inc. vs. NLRC, 289 SCRA 667 (1998) 3.Standards and Criteria for Wage Fixing RA 6727, Sec, 3; Art 124 4.Wage Order RA 6721, Sec. 3; Arts. 123, 124; Wage Oder No. NCR-15 a. Methods of Wage Fixing 1) Floor Wage Method 2) Salary-Ceiling Method - Employers Confederation of the Phils vs. National Wages and Productivity Commission, 201 SCRA 759 (1991) b. Validity -

Cagayan Sugar Milling Co. vs. Secretary of Labor and Employment, 284 SCRA 150 (1998) c. Wage Distortion RA 6727, Sec. 3; Art. 124 - Prubankers Association vs. Prudential Bank & Trust Co., 302 SCRA 74 (1999) - Bankard Employees Union-WATU vs. NLRC, 423 SCRA 148 (2004) d. Freedom to Bargain Art. 125; RA 6727, Sec. 2, 2nd Para. e. Penalty for violation RA 6727, Sec. 12; RA 8188, June 11, 1996 5.Wage payment and Protection Art. 102-105; Civil Code, Art. 1705; ILO Convention 95 (1949) a. Form of Payment Art. 102; Civil Code, Art. 1705; Book III, Rule VIII, Secs. 1, 2 - Congson vs. NLRC, 243 SCRA 260 (1995) b. Time of Payment Art. 103, Sec. 3 c. Place of Payment Art. 104, Sec. 4 (See: Labor Advisory on Payment of Salaries thru ATM (Nov. 25, 1996) d. Direct Payment of Wages Art. 105, Secs. 5,6 Bermiso vs. Escano, Inc., 105 Phil. 231 (1959) 6.Wage Prohibitions ILO Convention 95 (1949) a. Interference in Disposal of Wages Art. 112; Book III, Rule VIII, Sec. 9 b. Wage Deductions Art. 113; book III, Rule VIII, Sec. 10 - Apodaca vs. NLRC, 172 SCRA 442 (1989) - Genesis Transport Service, Inc. vs. UMMGT & Taroy, G.R. No. 182114, April 5, 2010 c. Requirement to make deposits for loss or damage Arts, 114, 115; Book III, Rule VIII, Sec. 11 - Dentech Manufacturing Corp. vs. NLRC, 172 SCRA 588 (1989)

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d. e. f. g. h. i.

- Five J Taxi vs. NLRC, 235 SCRA 556 (1994) Withholding of Wages Art. 116; Civil Code, Art. 1706 Deduction to Ensure Employment Art. 117 Retaliatory Measures Art. 118 False Reporting Art. 119: Bool III, Rule X, Sec. 13 Keeping of Employees Records in a Place other than the Workplace - South Motorists Enterprises vs. Tosoc, 181 SCRA 386 (1990) Garnishment/Executiion Civil Code. Art. 1708 - GAA vs. Court of Appeals, 140 SCRA 304 (1985)

7.Worker Preference in the Event of Bankruptcy Art. 110; Book III, Rule VIII, Sec. 7; Civil Code, Arts 1207, 2241 (6), 2242 (3), 2244 (2), 2246, 2248, 2250 - Republic vs. Peralta, 150 SCRA 37 (1987) - Manila Banking Corp. vs. NLRC, 279 SCRA 602, 621-642 (1997) 8. Wage Recovery/Jurisdiction Art. 128, 129, 217, 111: Book III, Rule X, Secs. 1-5 - Cirineo Bowling Plaza vs. Gerry Sensing, 448 SCRA 175 (2005) - Balladares, et. al. vs. Peak Ventures, Inc., G.R. No. 161794, June 16, 2009 - Meteoro, et.al. vs. Creative Creatures, Inc. G.R. No. 171275, July13, 2009. VIII. 13th Month Pay A. History of the Law - Dentech Manufacturing Corp. vs. NLRC, 172 SCRA 588 (1989) B. Coverage - Archilles Manufacturing Corp. vs. NLRC, 244 SCRA 750 (1995) - Ultra Villa Food Haus vs. Geniston, 309 SCRA 17 (1999) C. Rationale PD 851,Whereas Clauses and Limitations D. Amount and Date of Payment Revised Guidelines on the Implementation of the 13th Month Pay Law 1. Basic Wage/Commissions - Boie Takeda vs. De la Serna, 228 SCRA 329 (1993) - Iran vs. NLRC, 289 SCRA 433 (1998) - Honda Phils, Inc. vs. Samahan ng Malayang Manggagawa sa Honda, 460 SCRA 186 (2005) 2. Substitute Payment - Framanlis Farms, Inc. vs. Minister of Labor. 171 SCRA 87 (1989) E. 14th Month Pay

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F. Diminution

Kamaya Port Hotel vs. NLRC, 177 SCRA 160 (1989)

- Davao Fruits Corp. vs. Associated Labor Unions, 225 SCRA 562 (1993) IX. Bonus

A. Nature - Philippine Duplicators, Inc. vs. NLRC, 241 SCRA 380 (1995) B. Definition/When Demandable - Lepanto Ceramics, Inc., vs. Lepanto Ceramics Employees Association, G.R. No. 180866, March 2, 2010 - Protacio vs. Laya Mananghaya & Co., G.R. No. 168654, March 25, 2009 - Phil. Appliance Corp. vs. Court of Appeals, 430 SCRA 525 (2004)

X.

Working Conditions for Special Groups of Workers

A. Women References: Arts. 130-138; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule XII, Sec. 1; Constitution, Arts. II, Sec. 13 & XIII, Sec. 14; Woemn in Development and Nation Building Act (RA 7192); Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995 (RA 7877); Anti-Violence Against Women and their children Act of 2004 (RA 9262); Magna Carta of Women (RA 9710) A. Women under the Constitution Art II, sec. 14; Art. XIII, sec. 14 - (3) Philippine Association of Service Exporters vs. Drilon, 163 SCRA 386 (1988) - (1) Phil. Telegraph and Telephone Co. vs. NLRC, 272 SCRA 596 (1997) B. Coverage Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule XII, Sec. 1 C. Equal Treatment before the law RA 9710, Secs. 2 par. 1, 12 D. Prohibited Acts a. Night Work/Exceptions Art.130-131; ILO Convention 89 (1948) b. Discrimination Art. 135; RA 9710, Sec. 2 para. 2; ILO Conventions 100 (1951) and iii (1958); CEDAW Art. 11 c. Stipulation Against Marriage Art. 136 - (2) Duncan Association of Detailman-PTGWO vs. Glaxo Wellcome, G.R. 162994, Sept. 17, 2004 d. Discharge to prevent enjoyment of benefits Art. 137 (1) e. Discharge on Account of Pregnancy Art. 137 (2) (3) f. Discharge on Account of Testimony Book III, Rule XII, Sc. 13 (d) g. Expulsion of Women faculty due to pregnancy outside of marriage RA 9710, Sec. 13 (c)

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E. Facilities Arts. 132, 134; Book III, Rule XII, Sec. 11 F. Special Women Workers Art. 138 G. Leaves and other Benefits a. Maternity Leave Social Security Law of 1997 (RA 1161 as amended by RA 8282), Sec. 14-A, RA 8282 b. Victim Leave RA 9262, Secs. 3, 43; Impl. Rules, Rule VI, Sec. 42; RA 9710, Secs. (4 (k), 17 (8) c. Special Leave Benefits (for Gynecological Disorders) RA 9710, Sec. 18; Impl. Rules, Rule II, Sec. 7 T, Rule IV, Sec. 21 H. Sexual Harrassment Act of 1995 (RA 7877) - (3) Philip Aeolus Automotive United Corp. vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 124617, April 28, 2000 - (1) Domingo vs. Rayala, 546 SCRA 90 (2008) B. Minors References: Arts. 139-140; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule XII, Secs. 2-3; RA 7610 of 1992 as amended by RA 9231 (Special Protection of Children Act of 2003; Department Circular No. 3, Series of 2009 (Procedure for Closure of Business under RA 9231) 1.Minors under the Constitution Art. II, Sec. 13 2.Coverage RA 9231, Sec. 2, par. 3 on Sec. 12; Omnibus Rules, Book III,Rule XII, Sec. 1 3. Employment of children Art. 139; RA 7610 as amended, Secs. 12-16; DOLE D.O. No. 04, Series of 1999 Re: Hazardous work for persons below 18 years old 4. Hours of work RA 9231,Sec. 3 on Sec. 12-a 5. Prohibitions against the worst forms of child labor Sec. 3 on Sec. 12-d; Sec. 5 on Sec. 14 6. Discrimination Art. 140 7. Jurisdiction Sec. 9 on Sec. 16-A C. Househelpers/Caregivers References: Arts. 141-152; Omnibus Rules, Book III, Rule XIII A. Definition Rule XIII, Sec. 1 (b) B. Coverage Art. 141 C. Non-Household Work Art. 145 - (2) Apex Mining Co. vs. NLRC, 196 SCRA 251 D. Conditions of Employment Art. 141-152; Civil Code, Arts. 1689-1699 a. Compensation Art. 143, 144: Civil Code, Art. 168 - Time and manner of payment Book III,Rule XIII, Sec. 9 b. Hours of Work Civil Code,Art. 1695 c. Vacation with pay Civil Code, Art. 1695

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d. Living Quarters, Food, Medical Attendance Art. 148; Civil Code Art. 1689 e. Treatment Art. 147; Civil Code, Art. 1694 f. Elementary Education Art. 146; Civil Code, Art. 1691 g. Term of Contract Art. 142; Civil Code, Art. 1692 h. Termination 1) Fixed Duration Art. 149; Civil Code, Srt. 1697 2) Not fixed Art. 150; Civil Code, Art. 1698 i. j. k. l. Employment Certification Art. 151; Civil Code, Art. 1699 Employment Records Art. 152 Funeral Expenses Civil Code, Art. 1696; Book III, Rule XIII, Sec. 16 Hazardous work for persons below 18 years old D.O. 4-99, Sec. 4

D. Homeworkers A. Coverage and Regulation Art. 153-155; Department Order No. 5, DOLE, Feb. 4, 1992, now book III, Rule XIV B. Definition Sec. 2, DO No. 5 C. Registration - Secs. 4 & 6, DO No. 5 D. Conditions of Employment/Deductions Secs. 6-9 DO No. 5 E. Joint and Several Liability of employer/contractor Sec. 11, DO No. 5 F. Prohibitions Secs. 13 DO No. 5 G. Enforcement Sec. 10, DO No. 5

XI. Dental, Dental and Occupational Safety Reference: Art. 156-165; Omnibus Rules, Book IV, Rule I, Secs. 1-1-; rules II, Secs. 1-10 A.Coverage book IV, Rule I, Sec. 1 B. First Aid Treatment Art. 156 C. Emergency Medical and Dental Services 1. When required Art. 157 - (3) Escasinas vs. Shangri-las Mactan Island Resort, G.R. No. 178827, Mar. 4, 2009 2. When not required Art. 158 D.Employer Assistance/Obligation Art. 161 E. Occupational Safety and Health Standards, Training of Supervisors/Technicians 1) When Required Book IV,Rule II, Secs. 5 (a) (d) 2) When not Required Book IV, Rule II, Sec. 5 (e) F. Enforcement/DOLE Obligations Art. 162-165

17

(Note: Arts. 166-208 were repealed by SSS Law of 1997; Re: 209, see NHI Law 166208; Book IV, Rule II, Sec. 8: See also Technical Guidelines for Hazardous/NonHazardous establishment, DOLE Memo Circular No. 2, Series of 1998) XII. Employee Classification Reference: Arts. 278, 280, 281: Omnibus Rules, Book VI, Rule I, Secs. 1,5,6 A. Coverage Art. 278 B. Employee Classification Art. 280-281 1. Employer Recognition - (1) Romares vs. NLRC, 294 SCRA 411 (August 19, 1998) 2. Employer Determination/Designation - (2) Phil. Federation, etc. vs. NLRC, 300 SCRA 72 (December 11, 1998) C. Regular Employees Art. 280, 1st parag., Art. 280, 2nd parag.; Art. 281, last sentence, 75 (d); Omnibus Rules, Book VI, Rule I, Secs. 5 (a), (b) and 6 1. Nature of Work - (3) Poseidon Fishing vs. NLRC, 482 SCRA 717 (Feb. 20, 2006 - (1) Dante D. De la Cruz vs. Maersk Filipinas Crewing, Inc. G.R. No. 172038, April 14, 2008 - (2) WPP Marketing Commission, Inc. et. al. vs. Galera, G.R. NO. Nos, 169207, 169239, March 25, 2010 2. Extended Period - (3) Tomas Lao Construction vs. NLRC, 278 SCRA 716 (1998) 3. Repeated Renewal of Contract - (1) Beta Electric Corp. vs. NLRC, 182 SCRA 384 (1990) D. Project Employees art. 280, 1st parag.; see also Policy Instructions No. 20 of 1977 and DO No. 19 of 1993 1. Definition - (2) Hanjin Heavy Industries & Construction Co. vs. Ibanez, 555 SCRA 537 (2008) 2. Project Employment - (3) Villa vs. NLRC, 284 SCRA 105 (1996) - (1) William Uy Construction Corp. vs. Trinidad, G.R. No. 183250,March 10, 2010 3. Application of Rule in Non-Construction Industries - (2) Maraguinot vs. NLRC, 284 SCRA 539 (1998) E. Casual employees Art. 280 2nd parag.; Omnibus Rules,Book VI, Rule I,Sec. 5 (b) 1. Nature ofWork - (3) Marqanaw Hotels & Resort Corp. vs. CA, GR No. 149660, Jan 20, 2009 2. One Year Service

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(1) Tabas vs. California Manufacturing Co., Inc. 169 SCRA 497 (1989) (2) Mercado vs. NLRC, 201 SCRA 332 (1991)

F. Fixed-Term Employees - (3) Brent School vs. Zamora, 181 SCRA 702 (1990) - (1) Mercado, et. al. vs. AMA Computer College-Paranaque City, Inc., G.R. No. 183572, April 14, 2010 - (2) LWV Construction Corp. vs. Dupo, G.R. No. 172342 G. Seasonal Employees (3) Phil. Tobacco etc. vs. NLRC, 300 SCRA 37 (Dec. 10, 1998)

H. Probationary Employees Arts. 281, 61 2nd sentence; Omnibus Rules, book VI, Rule I, Sec. 6; Art. 75 (d) 1. Definition/Purpose - (1) Cebu Marine Beach Resort vs. NLRC, 414 SCRA 173 (Oct. 23, 2003) - (2) Espina vs. Court of Appeals,G.R. No. 164582, March 28, 2007 2. Duration: Rule/Exception - (3) De La Cruz vs. NLRC, 418 SCRA 226 (Dec. 11, 2003) - (1) Cathay Pacific Airways, Ltd vs. Marin, G.R. No. 148931, Sept. 12, 2006 3. Extension of contract - (2) Phil. Federation etc. vs. NLRC 300 SCRA 72 (Dec. 11, 1998) 4. Absorbed Employees - (3) Cebu Stevedoring Co. Inc. vs. Regional Director, 168 SCRA 315 (1988) 5. Standards (1) Davao Contractors Development Coop. (DACODECO) vs. Pasawa, G.R. No. 172174, July 9, 2009 6. Privates School Teachers-Rule - (2) La Sallete of Santiago, Inc. vs. NLRC, 195 SCRA 80 (1991) - (3) Magis Young Achievers Learning Center vs. Manalo,G.R. No. 178835, Feb. 13, 2009 XIII. Termination of Employment Reference: Constitution, Art. XIII, Sec. 3; Arts. 282-286, 277 (b): Omnibus Rules, Book VI,Rule I,; Book V, Rule XIII A. Coverage Arts. 276; Book V, Rule I, Sec. 1

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B.Security of Tenure Art. 279, 277 (b) - (1) Espina vs. Hon. Court of appeals, G.R. No. 164582, Mar. 28, 2007 - (2) Philippine Daily Inquirer vs. Magtibay, G.R. No. 164532, July 24, 2007

1.Nature and Rationale - (3) Llosa Tan vs. Silahis International Hotel, 181 SCRA 736 (1990) - (1) Sonza vs. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp., 431 SCRA 361 (2004) 2.Coverage - (2) Labajo vs. Alejandro, 166 SCRA 747 (1988) - (3) Skillworld Management and Marketing Corp., vs. NLRC, 186 SCRA 465 (1990) - (1) Inter-Orient Maritime Enterprises, Inc. vs. NLRC, 235 SCRA 268 (1994) 3.Management Prerogative - (2) The Philippine American Life & General Insurance Co. vs. Gramaje, 442 SCRA 274 (2004) - (3) Duncan Association of Detailman-PTGWO vs. Glaxo Wellcome Phils., Inc. 438 SCRA 343 (2004) - (1) Duldulao vs. CA, G.R. No. 164893, Mar. 1, 2007 4.Lawful Dismissal: Concurrence of Substantive and Procedural Due Process (2) Landtex Industries vs. CA, G.R. No. 150278, August 9, 2007 (3) Coca Cola Bottlers vs. Valentina Garcia, G.R. No. 159625, Jan 31, 2008 5.Consequences of Illegal Dismissal Art. 279 - (1) Golden Ace Builders & Azul vs. Talde, G.R. 187200, May 5, 2010 6.Burden of Proof Art. 277 (b) 3rd Sentence - (2) Chavez vs. NLRC, G.R. NO. 146530, Jan. 17, 2005 - (3) Pepsi Cola Product Phils. vs. E.V. Santos, G.R. No. 165968, April 14, 2008 7.Guidelines on Imposition of Penalties - (1) TIP Teachers & Employees Organization (TIPTEO) vs. CA, G.R. No. 175283, Mar. 29, 2008 - (2) Jackqui R. Moreno vs. San Sebastian College-Recoletos, G.R. No. 175283, Mar. 28, 2008 C.Termination of Employment By Employee 1. Resignation (3) Oriental Shipmanagement C. Vs. CA 480 SCRA 100 (Jan. 25, 2006) -

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(1) Globe Teleco vs. Crisologo, G.R. No. 174644, Aug. 10, 2007 (2) Lazaro V. Dacut, et. al. vs. CA G.R. No. 169434, Mar. 26, 2008 2. Just Causes Art. 285 (b) 3. Without Just Cause: Requisites 285 (a);Consti. Art. III, Sec. 18 (2) - (3) Azcor vs. NLRC, 303 SCRA 26 (1999) - (1) A Prime Security Services, Inc. vs. NLRC, 322 SCRA 283 (2000) 4. Performance of Military or Civic Duties Art.286; Book VI, Rule I, Sec. 12 5. Forced Resignation - (2) JSS Indochina Corp. vs. Ferrer, 473 SCRA 120 (Oct. 2005) D.Termination of Employment by Employer 1.Substantive Requirements/Just Causes Art. 282, 279, 277 (b) a. Basis-Employer Right - (3) Gilles vs. CA, Schema Konsult, G.R. No. 149273, June 5, 2009 - (1) Ocean East Agency Corp. vs. NLRC, 287 SCRA 546 (1998) b. Just Causes Requisites 1) Serious Misconduct/Willful Disobedience (Insubordination) - Art. 282 (a) - (2) AMA Computer College East Rizal, et. al. vs. Ignacio, G.R. No. 178520, June 23, 2009 - (3) Bibiana Farms & Mills, Inc. vs. Lado, G.R. No. 157861, Feb. 2, 2010 - (1) Areno vs. Sky Cable PCC-Baguio, G.R. No. 180302, Feb. 5, 2010 - (2) Formantes vs. Duncan Pharmaceuticals, Phils. G.R. No. 170661, Dec. 4, 2009 2) Gross and Habitual Neglect of Duties Art. 282 (b) - (3) National Bookstore vs. CA 378 SCRA 194 (Feb. 27, 2002) - (1) LBC Express-Metro Manila, Inc. vs. Nino, G.R. No. 168215, June 9, 2009 3) Loss of Trust and Confidence Art. 282 - (2) M + W Zander Phil. Inc. et. al. vs. Enriquez, G.R. No. 169173, June 5, 2009 - (3) Triumph International (Phil) vs. Apostol, et. al. G.R. No. 164423, June 16, 2009 - (1) Ancheta vs. Destiny Financial Plans,G.R. No. 179702, Feb. 16, 2010 - (2) Benjamin and Consolacion vs. Amellar Corp., G.R. No. 183383, April 5, 2010 4) Commission of a Crime Art. 282 (d) c. Analogous Causes - 282 (e)

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(3) Cathedral School of Technology vs. NLRC, 214 SCRA 551 (1992) (1) Lim Vs. NLRC, 259 SCRA 485 (1996) (2) St. Lukes Medical Center, Inc. vs. Fabrigo, G.R. No. 185933,Nov. 25, 2009

d. Other Causes 1) Abandonment - (3) Pentagon Stell Corp. vs. CA,G.R. No. 174141, June 26, 2009 - (1) Padilla Machine Shop vs. Rufino A. Javilgas,G.R. No. 175960, Feb. 19, 2008 2) Courtesy Resignation - (2) Batongbacal vs. Associated Bank, 168 SCRA 600 (1988) 3) Change of Ownership - (3) Manlimos vs. NLRC, 242 SCRA 145 (1995) - (1) Elcee Farms Inc. vs. National Labor Relations Commission,G.R. No. 126428,Jan. 25, 2007 4) Habitual Absenteeism.Tardiness - (2) Manila Electric Co. vs. NLRC, 263 SCRA 531 (1996) - (3) R.B. Michael Press vs. Nicasio S. Galit,G.R. NO. 153519 Feb. 23, 2008 5) Fixed-Term Employment - (1) Medenilla vs. PVB, 328 SCRA 1 Mar 13, 2000 - (2) Pamantasan vs. Civil Service Commission, 241 SCRA 506 (1995) 6) Past Offenses - (3) Janssen Pharmaceuticals vs. B. Silayro,G.R. No. 172528, Feb. 26, 2008 - (1) Ramoran vs. Jardine CMG, 326 SCRA 208 (Feb. 22, 2000) 7) Habitual Infractions - (2) Gustilo vs. Wyeth Phil., Inc. 440 SCRA 67 (Oct. 4, 2004 8) Immorality - (3) Santos vs. NLRC, 267 SCRA 117 (March 6, 1998) 9) Conviction/Commission of a Crime - (1) Sampaguita Garments Corp. vs. NLRC, 233 SCRA 260 (1994) - (2) Eduardo Bughaw, Jr. vs. Treasure Island Industrial, G.R. No. 173151, Mar. 28, 2008 10) Qualification Requirements - (3) St. Lukes Medical Center Employees Association-AFW (SLMCEA-AFW) vs. NLRC, G.R. No.162053, Mar. 7, 2007 e. Constructive Dismissal - (1) Phil. Veterans Bank vs. NLRC & Martinez,G.R. No. 188882, March 30, 2010

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(2) Penaflor vs. Outdoor Clothing Manufacturing Corp. et. al. G.R. No. 177114, April 13, 2010

f. Transfer g. Promotion - (3) Phil.Telegraph vs. CA, 412 SCRA 263 (Sept. 29, 2003) h. Preventive Suspension - Book V.Rule XXIII, Secs. 8&9, Omnibus Rules (old Provision Prior to DO40-03 which revised Book V and delted Rule XXIII. At present, no specific rule governs Preventive Suspension - (1) Gatbonton vs. NLRC, 479 SCRA 416 (Jan 23, 2006) - (2) Pido vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 169812, Feb 23, 2007 2. Substantive Requirements/Business Related Causes Art. 283; Book VI, Rule I, Sec. 9 a. Basis- Employer Right - (3) Edge Apparel Inc. vs. NLRC, 286 SCRA 302 (1998) b. Business-related or Authorized Causes 1) Installation of Labor-saving Devices Art. 283 2) Retrenchment to Prevent Losses Art. 283 - (1) Flight Attendants & Stewards Association of the Phils. vs. PAL, 559 SCRA 252 (July 2008) - (2) FASAP vs. PAL, Inc. et. al. G.R. No. 178083, Oct. 2, 2009 - (3) Hotel Enterprises of the Phil., Inc. vs. Samahan ng Manggagawa sa Hyatt-NUWHRAIN, G.R. No. 165756, June 5, 2009 3) Redundancy Art. 283 - (1) Andrada vs. NLRC,G.R. No. 173232, Dec. 28, 2007 - (2) Smart communications, Inc. vs. Regina M. Astorga., G.R. Nos. 148132, 151079, 151372, Jan. 28, 2008 - (3) Cabigting vs. San Miguel Foods, Inc., G.R. No. 167706,No.v 5, 2009 4) Closure of Business Art. 283 - (1) Eastridge Goldf Club, Inc. vs. Eastridge Labor Union-Super, Art. 563 SCRA 93 (August 2008) 5) Temporary Closure/Bona Fide fide Suspension of operations Art. 286 - (2) JPL Marketing Promotions vs. CA, 463 SCRA 136 (July 2005) c. Disease Art. 284 - (3) Vicente Sy vs. CA, 398 SCRA 301 (Feb. 27, 2003) - (1) Crayons Processing vs. Pula, G.R, No. 167727, July 20, 2007 d. Enforcement of Union Security Clause in CBA (3) Westmont Pharmaceuticals, Inc. vs. Samaniego, 482 SCRA 611, Feb. 20, 2006 (1) SMC vs. Angelo C. Potillas, G.R. No. 155178, May 7, 2008 (2) Herida vs. F &C Pawnshop & Jewelry Store,G.R. NO. 172601, April 16, 2009

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(2) Inguillo & Bergante vs. First Phil. Scales, Inc. G.R. No. 165407, June 5, 2009 E. Procedural Requirements Art. 277 (b); Omnibus Rules, Book VI, Rule I, Secs. 1-3 1. In General: Essential Elements of Due Process a. Compliance with the Twin requirements of notice and hearing - (3) PLDT vs. Berbano, Jr. G.R. No. 165199, Nov. 27, 2009 - (1) Babon, et. al. vs. NLRC & Magic Sales, Inc. G.R. No. 182299, Feb. 22, 2010 b. Liability for non-compliance with procedural requirements - (2) Mantle Trading Services, Inc. vs. NLRC, No. G.R. No. 166705, July 28, 2009 - (3) Agabon vs. NLRC and Riviera Home, 442 SCRA 573, Nov. 17, 2004 - (1) Serrano vs. NLRC and Isetann, 323 SCRA 445 (Jan. 27, 2000) 2. Right to Counsel - (2) Salaw vs. NLRC, 202 SCRA 7 (1991) 3. Notice - (3) King of Kings Transport vs. Mamac,G.R. No. 166208, June 29, 2007 - (1) Magro Placement vs. Hernandez,G.R. No. 156964, July 4, 2007 4. Hearing a. Hearing Proper - (2) Perez vs. Phil.Telegraph and Telephone Co. G.R. No. 152048, April 7, 2008 - (3) Technol Eight Phil. Corp. vs. NLRC & AMULAR, G.R. No. 187605, April 13, 2010 b. Use of Position Paper - (1) Seastar Marine Services, Inc. vs.Bul-an,Jr. 444, SCRA 140 (Nov. 25, 2004 5. Decision/Award Constitution Art. VIII, Sec. 14 - (2) ABD Overseas vs. NLRC, 286 SCRA 454 (1998) 6. Burden of Proof -

(3) Macasero vs. Southern Industrial Gases, Phils., G.R. No. 178524, Jan 30, 2009

7. Quantum of Proof: Substantial Evidence - (1) De Guzman vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 167701,Dec. 12, 2007 - (2) Kulas Ideas & Creations, et. al. vs. Alcoseba & Arao-Arao, G.R. No. 180123, Feb. 18, 2010 8. Prescription Art. 291; Civil Code, Art. 1146 - (3) Victory Liner, Inc. vs. Race, G.R. No. 164820, Mar. 28, 2007 - (1) Anabe vs. Asian Construction, et. al., G.R. No. 183233, Dec. 23, 2009 9. Quitclaim

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(2) Goodrich Manufacturing Corp., et. al. vs. Atiro, et. al., G.R. No. 188002, Feb. 1, 2010 - (3) Talam vs. NLRC 4th Div., & The Software Factory,G.R. No. 175040, April 6, 2010 10. Dismissal of case on purely technical ground - frowned upon - (1) Quintano vs. NOLRC, 446 SCRA 193 (Dec. 13, 2004) 11. Criminal Cases - (2) Lacorte vs. Inciong, 166 SCRA 1 (1988) - (3) Quiambao vs. NLRC, 254 SCRA 211 (1996) 12. Good Faith of Employee - (1) Cruz, vs. Coca Cola Bottlers Phils., Inc. 460 SCRA 340 (June 2005) 13. Appeal Bond: Jurisdictional Art. 223 - (2) Ramirez vs. CA & Valcueba, G.R. No. 182626, Dec. 4, 2009 - (3) Mindanao Times Corp. vs. Confesor,G.R. No. 183417, Feb. 5, 2010 F. Reliefs/Remedies in Illegal Dismissal Art. 279, 223 1. In General - (1) Lopez vs. NLRC, 297 SCRA 508 (Oct. 8, 1998) a. Reinstatement 1) Definition - (2) Asian Termnals,Inc. vs. Villanueva, G.R. No. 143219, Nov. 28, 2006 - (3) Composite Enterprises vs. Caparoso, G.R. No. 159919, Aug. 8, 2007 2) Exceptions - (1) Johnson & Johnson vs. Johnson Office and Sales Union,G.R. No. 172799, July 6, 2007 a) Closure of Business - (2) Retuya vs. Hon. Dumarpa, 408 SCRA 315 (August 5, 2003) b) Economic/Business Conditions - (3) Union of Supervisors, etc. vs. Sec. of Labor, 128 SCRA 442 (1984) c) Employees Unsuitability - (1) Divine Word High School vs. NLRC, 143 SCRA 346 (1986) d) Employees Retirement/Over age - (2) Espejo vs. NLRC, 255 SCRA 430 (1996) e) Antipathy and Antagonism-Strained Relations - (3) Westmont Pharmaceuticals, Inc. vs. Samaniego, 482 SCRA 611 (Feb. 20, 2006)

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3) Offer to Reinstate - (1) Ranara vs. NLRC, 212 SCRA 631 (1992) 4) Payroll Reinstatement Art. 223 - (2) Juanito A. Garcia, et. al. vs. PAL,G.R. No. 164856, Jan. 20, 2009 5) No Refund Doctrine - (3) College of Immaculate Concepcion vs. NLRC & Atty. Marius F. Carlos , Ph.D., G.R. No. 167563, March 22, 2010 6) Reinstatement as Interim Relief, when applicable - (1) Lansangan et. al. vs. Amkor Technology, Phils. Inc., G.R. No. 177026, Jan. 30, 2009 b. Backwages 1) Effect of Failure to Order - (2) Aurora land etc. vs. NLRC, 266 SCRA 48 (1997) - (3) St. Michaels Institute vs. Santos, 371 SCRA 383 (Dec. 4, 2001) 2) Computation - (1) Mercury Drug Co., Inc. vs. CIR, 56 SCRA 694 (1974) - (2) Bustamante vs. NLRC, 265 SCRA 01 (1996) - (3) Star Paper Corp. vs. Espiritu, G.R. No. 154006, Nov. 2, 2006 3) Fringe Benefits - (1) Acesite Corp. Vs. NLRC, 449 SCRA 360 (Jan. 26, 2005) 2. Damages and Attorneys Fees - (2) Phil. Aeolus Automotive United Corp. vs. NLRC, 331 SCRA 237 (April 28, 2000) - (3) Reyes vs. CA, 409 SCRA 267 (Aug. 15, 2003) - (1) M+W Zander Phil., Inc. vs. Enriquez, G.R. No. 169173, June 5, 2009 3. Separation Pay - (2) Eastern Shipping Lines, Inc. vs. Antonio, G.R. No. 171587, Oct. 13, 2009 - (3) J Marketing Corp. vs. Taran, G.R. 163924, June 18, 2009 - (1) Ha Yuan Restaurant vs. NLRC, 480 SCRA 328 (Jan. 27, 2006) a) Backwages and Separation Pay, Distinct Reliefs - (2) Triad Security and Allied Services vs. Ortega, 481 SCRA 591 (Feb. 6, 2006) - (3) Palteng vs. UCPB, G.R. No. 172199, Feb. 27, 2009 b) Computation/Rationale

26

(1) Business Day Information Systems and Services, Inc. vs. NLRC, 221 SCRA 9 (1993) (2) Songco vs. NLRC, 183 SCRA 610 (1990)

c) Effect of Receipt - (3) San Miguel Corp. vs. Javate, 205 SCRA 469 (1992) 4. Financial Assistance When Allowed/Not Allowed - (1) Reno Foods, Inc. vs. NLM-KATIPUNAN, G.R. No. 164016, March 15, 2010 - (2) SolidBank Corp. vs. NLRC, et. al., GR. No. 165951, March 30, 2010 - (3) Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company vs. NLRC, 164 SCRA 671 (1988) 5. Indemnity (1) Serrano vs. NLRC and Isetann, 323 SCRA 445 (Jan. 27, 2000) (2) Agabon vs. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 (Nov. 17, 2004)

6. Liability of Corporate Officers - (3) Carag vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 147590,Apr. 2, 2007 - (1) AMA Computer College-East Rizal, et. al. vs. Ignacio, G.R. No. 178520, June 23, 2009

IX. RETIREMENT References: Art, 287; RA No. 7641; Implementing Rule of RA 7641; Labor Advisory on Retirement Pay (Oct. 1999); as amended by RA 8558 (Feb. 26, 1996) Reduced Retirement Age of Underground Workers from 60 to 50 (2) Interncontinental Broadcasting Corp. vs. Amarilla et. al. G.R. No. 162775, Oct. 27, 2006 (3) Jaculbe vs. Silliman University, G.R. No. 156934, Mar. 16, 2007 (1) Reyes vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 160233 Aug. 8, 2007

A. Retroactive Application of RA 7641 - (2) Universal Robina Sugar Milling Corp. vs. Caballeda, 560 SCRA 115 (July 2008) B. Components of one-half month pay/salary Guidelines 5.2 - (3) Enriquez Security Services, Inc. vs. Cabotaje, G.R. No. 1467993, July 21, 2006

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C. When RA 7641 is applicable - (1) Ozales vs. Unilab, 559 SCRA 26 (July 2008) D. Three Kinds of Retirement Plans - (2) Gerlach vs. Reuters Ltd. Phils, 448 SCRA 535 (Jan. 17, 2005) - (3) Sta. Catalina vs. NLRC, 416 SCRA 233 (Nov. 19, 2003) - (4) PAL vs. Airline Pilots Association of the Phils., 373 SCRA 302 (Jan. 15, 2002) E. Voluntary Retirement - (1) Ariola vs. Philex Mining Corp., 466 SCRA 152 (Aug. 9, 2005) F. Forfeiture of Benefits - (2) Equitable PCI Bank vs. Caguia, 466 SCRA 686 (Aug. 2005) - (3) Sy vs. Metropolitan Bank and Trust Co., G.R. No. 160618, Nov. 2, 2006 G. Equitable Solution - (1) PLDT vs. Reus, 557 SCRA 379 (July 2008) H. Retirement Pay Differential - (2) Rivera vs. Unilab, G.R. No. 155639, April 22, 2009 I. Management Prerogative - (3) Magdadaro vs. PNB, G.R. No. 166198, July 17, 2009

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END

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