Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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Suggested Solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

This part consists of 7 problems that must be solved with the aids of any calculator. Note that there are G/VG alternative problems to the MVG problems number 5, 6, and 7.
Instructions Test period Resources The test 10:50-11:50, December 20, 2010 Formula sheet, your personalised formula booklet, ruler, protractor, and a lexicon. For all items a single answer is not enough. It is also expected that you write down what you do that you explain/motivate your reasoning that you draw any necessary illustrations. Try all of the problems. It can be relatively easy, even towards the end of the test, to receive some points for partial solutions. A positive evaluation can be given even for unfinished solutions. Score and The maximum score is 20 points, of them 12 VG points. There are 3 problems (Limits: Together with part I: G: 20; VG: 39/9; MVG 42/19/) Alternative G/VG test: The maximum score is 20 points, of them 12 VG points. (Limits: Together with part I: G: 18; VG: 37/8) The maximum number of points you can receive for each solution is indicated after each problem. If a problem can give 2 Pass-points and 1 Pass with distinction-point this is written [2/1]. Some problems are marked with , which means that they more than other problems offer opportunities to show knowledge that can be related to the criteria for Pass with Special Distinction in Assessment Criteria 2000. Problems 12, 13, and 14 are of greatest importance for a higher grade. Part II 1a 1b 2 G 2 2 2 VG MVG G VG 3 2 4 0 2 5a 0 1 5b 6a 6b 0 0 0 2 2 2 M23 M135 7 0 3 M1235 Sum Grade 8 12

mark levels

G_VG Alternative test Part II 1a 1b 2 3 4 G 2 2 2 2 0 VG 2 G VG

5alt 3 1

6 alt 0 2

7 alt 0 2

Sum 11 7

Grade

PartI+II 33 24

G 18

VG 38 8

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Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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Useful formulas
Order of Operations: [], (), exponents (powers), , , +,

(a )

a x a y = a x+ y Note: Both terms share identical base a . ax = a x y ay

x y

= a x y

1 1 = ay y = a y y a a 0 a =1
1 b = a a b

(a b )
x

a x b x = (ab ) Note: Both a and b share identical power, x .

x

y z

= a xz b yz

( a )n = a n n : even number ( a )n = a n n : odd number

( a )( b ) = ab (a )( b ) = ab
a c = ad = bc b d a a a c = 1 = b b b c a c ad + bc + = b d bd a a c c = b b
With addition and subtraction we may add the individual margin of errors! a + b = (427 1) + (5.5 0.5) = 432.5 1.5 a b = (427 1) (5.5 0.5) = 421.5 1.5

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Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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Glossary-English-Swedish-Lexicon Mathematics Course A:

English abbreviating, simplify annual interest base changing factor Denominator Difference equilateral triangle exchange places express extend, expand factorize Factor fraction integer number investigate irrational numbers Isosceles triangle Numerator percent perimeter Per thousand prime numbers power, exponent ppm: part per millions quantities quotient, ratio rational numbers real numbers round off scientific notation significant figure simplify surd (exact) form Swedish frkortning rsrntan bas frndringsfaktor, tillvxtfaktor, ndringsfaktor nmnare differens Liksidigt triangel byta plats uttrycka frlngning faktorisera faktor brk heltal UTFORSKA irrationella tal Likbent triangel Tljare Procent Omkrets Promille Primtal potens, exponent Ppm kvantitet, mngd, storhet Kvot rationella tal reella talen Avrunda grundpotensform vrdesiffror, gllande siffror Frenkla exakt form Comments

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Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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In each case, show how you arrived at your answer by clearly indicating all of the necessary steps, formula substitutions, diagrams, graphs, charts, units, significant figures. etc. Do not forget Units. Give attention to significant figures. In none of problems except for the last problem (i.e. UNIT CIRCLE) measurement from the figure is valid. 1. A storage container in the shape of a right circular cylinder is shown in the accompanying diagram. a) Calculate the volume of the container in liters. [2/0] b) Calculate the total surface area of the container. [2/0] Suggested Solution: Data: d = 50.0 cm h = 75.0 cm a)
V = r h = (25.0 ) (75.0 ) cm
2 2

50.0 cm

75.0 cm
[2]

V 147 000 cm 3 147 lit

2

b) V = 2 r + 2 r h 2 V = 2 (25.0 ) + 2 (25.0 ) (75.0 ) cm 2

V = 15 707 cm 2 15 700 cm 2

[2]

2. Elias measures the angle of depression from top of a wall to a point on the ground. The point is located on level ground 25.00 m from the base of the wall and the angle of depression is 52.0 . How high is the wall? [2]

x
Suggested Solution: Answer: x 32.0 m [1] Data: a = 25.00 m , = 52.0 Lets name the height of the wall x . x tan(52.0) = [1] 25.00 x = (25.00 ) tan (52.0) 32.0 m

52.0

25.00 m

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Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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3. Determine the area of the smallest square that can contain a circle with a radius of 10.00 m . [2]

Suggested Solution: The smallest square that contains a circle of radius 10.00 m is a square side length is 20.00 m . The area of such a square is: [1] 2 2 Area = (20.00 m ) = 400.0 m [1] 4. In the accompanying figure of parallelogram ABCD , diagonals AC and BD intersect at point M . It is 3x 2 cm and known that DM = 7 BM = 2 x 5 cm . Calculate the length of the diagonal AC . [0/2] Suggested Solution: Answer: AC = 2 cm 3x 2 cm , Data: DM = 7
D

BM = 2 x 5 cm
DM = BM

3 x 2 = 14 x 35 cm 3 x 2 3 x + 35 = 14 x 35 3 x + 35 cm 33 11x 33 = 11x cm = cm 11 11 x = 3 cm
AC = 2 (2 3 5 cm ) = 2 (6 5 cm ) AC = 2 BM = 2 (2 x 5 cm )

3x 2 cm = 2 x 5 cm 7
[0/1]

3x 2 cm 7 = (2 x 5 cm ) 7 / / 7

Answer: AC = 2 cm

[0/1]

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Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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5. Mikaela wants to plant a flower garden that would be in the shape of a rectangle. She was given 23.00 m of fencing to enclose her garden. She wants the length of her garden to be 2.50 m more than twice its width. a) Calculate the dimensions of a rectangular garden that will satisfy Mikaelas criteria and will use exactly 23.00 m fencing? [0/2/M2M3] b) Calculate the area of Mikaelas flower garden. [0/1] Suggested Solution: Answer: l = 3.00 m , w = 8.5 m ,
2 x + 2.50 m

A = 25.5 m 2 Data: 2.50 m , 23.00 m , 2 x + 2.50 m , x m

a) Lets denote the length of the rectangular garden by x m . Its width may, therefore, be expressed as 2 x + 2.50 m . The perimeter of the rectangular garden must be 23.00 m : 2 ((2 x + 2.50 ) + x ) = 23.00 m [0/1/M2] 23.00 3x + 2.50 = m = 11.50 m 2 3x = 11.50 2.50 m MVG-Quality:
M2: Analyses and interprets the results, concludes and evaluates if they are reasonable.

x m

3 x = 9.00 m 9.00 x= m = 3.00 m 3 2 x + 2.50 = 2 3.00 + 2.5 m = 8.5 m [0/1/M3] Answer: l = 3.00 m , w = 8.5 m b) Area of the rectangular flower garden is: A = x (2 x + 2.50) = 3.00 (8.5) m 2

Answer: A = 25.5 m 2

[0/1]

The student demonstrate the highest quality (MVG) in solving the problem 13 through
Analyses and interprets the results, concludes and evaluates if they are reasonable. Expresses correctly the length of the fence in terms of the length and width of the rectangle

M3: Carries out mathematical proof, or analyses mathematical reasoning.

2 ((2 x + 2.50 ) + x ) = 23.00 m Finds analytically the correct length and width of the rectangle: l = 3.00 m , w = 8.5 m

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Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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6. The accompanying figure represents a section of bathroom floor tiles shaped like regular hexagons. a) Calculate the measure of angle ABC . Show your calculations. [0/2] b) A regular polygon has n sides. Calculate the measure of each of the n internal angles. Why? Explain. Show details of your calculations. [0/2/M1M3M5] You may first generalize the problem, and solve it for a polygon of n-sides.

B A

Suggested Solution: If a regular polygon has n -sides the measure of each the n interior angles is: 180 (n 2) = n This is due to the fact that in any polygon which has n -sides, we may connect any of vertices 1 of the polygon to the others, resulting in n 2 triangles. Therefore, the total interior angles of each polygon is: 180 (n 2 ) . In a regular polygon all interior angles must be the same. Therefore the measure of each the 180 (n 2) n interior angles is = . n [0/1/M1M3M5] a) Answer: The measure of angle ABC is ABC = = 120 180 (n 2) / 180 (6 2) 180 4 3 60 2 2 / = = = = = 120 n / / 6 6 23 n = 6 180 (n 2) Answer: = n [0/1] [0/1] [0/1]

b)

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Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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7. The accompanying figure represents an Indian circular ring garden. The area of the central circular water pool in the middle is exactly equal to the area of the circular ring garden around the water pool. The radius of the central circular pool is r , and the radius of the inner radius of the circular ring garden could be expressed as 1.25 r . Find algebraically the radius of the outer boundary of the circular ring garden R as a function r . [0/3/M1M2M3M5] Suggested Solution: Data: r , 1.25 r , R = ? Answer: R = 1.6 r R 2 (1.25 )2 = r 2 / / /
2 2

[0/1/M2]
2

R (1.25 r ) = r / / /
R 2 = r 2 + (1.25) r 2
2

R 2 = 2.5625 r 2 [0/1/M3] R = 1.6 r Answer: The outer radius of the circular green ring is 160 % of the radius of the water pool, R = 1.6 r . [0/1/M1M5]

1.25 r

R=?

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Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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MVG-Quality: M1: Formulate and develops the problem, and uses general methods/models
M2: Analyses and interprets the results, concludes and evaluates if they are reasonable.

The student demonstrate the highest quality (MVG) in solving the problem 7 through Generalizes the problem by solving it algebraically. Analyses and interprets the problem and finds a relationship between the radius of the outer boundary of the circular ring garden in terms of the radius of the central circular pool: R 2 (1.25 )2 = r 2 / / / Finds analytically a correct formula for radius of the outer boundary of the circular ring garden in terms of the radius of the central water pool: R = 1.6 r Presents the solution, well structured, clear, using especially correct mathematical language. The student demonstrate the highest quality (MVG) in solving the problem 6 through Generalizes the problem by solving it algebraically. Finds analytically a correct formula for angles of a polygon which has n 180 (n 2) sides: = n Presents the solution, well structured, clear, using especially correct mathematical language. Part I 12 13 Part II 5a 6 7

M3: Carries out mathematical proof, or analyses mathematical reasoning.

M5: The solution is well structured, correct mathematically.

MVG-Quality: M1: Formulate and develops the problem, and uses general methods/models
M3: Carries out mathematical proof, or analyses mathematical reasoning.

M5: The solution is well structured, correct mathematically.

Students name MVG- quality M1 Formulates and develops the problem, uses general M2 M3 M4 M5
methods with problem solving. Analyses and interprets the results, concludes and evaluates if they are reasonable. Carries out mathematical proof, or analyses mathematical reasoning. Evaluates and compares different methods and mathematical models. The presentation is structured, and mathematical language is correct.

14

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Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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Students name MVG- quality M1 Formulates and develops the problem, uses general
methods with problem solving.

Part I 12 13

14

Part II 5a 6

M2 Analyses and interprets the results, concludes and

evaluates if they are reasonable. M3 Carries out mathematical proof, or analyses mathematical reasoning. M4 Evaluates and compares different methods and mathematical models. M5 The presentation is structured, and mathematical language is correct.

Students name MVG- quality M1 Formulates and develops the problem, uses general M2 M3 M4 M5
methods with problem solving. Analyses and interprets the results, concludes and evaluates if they are reasonable. Carries out mathematical proof, or analyses mathematical reasoning. Evaluates and compares different methods and mathematical models. The presentation is structured, and mathematical language is correct.

Part I 12 13

14

Part II 5a 6

Students name MVG- quality M1 M2 M3 M4 M5

Formulates and develops the problem, uses general methods with problem solving. Analyses and interprets the results, concludes and evaluates if they are reasonable. Carries out mathematical proof, or analyses mathematical reasoning. Evaluates and compares different methods and mathematical models. The presentation is structured, and mathematical language is correct.

Part I 12 13

14

Part II 5a 6

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Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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Alternative G and VG problems for problems 5, 6, and 7. 5 G-alternative The planet Earth is a nearly spherical object of average radius 6 371 km . A replica of it is 49.3 cm in diameter. a. Find the scale at which the replica is made. [2/0] b. Find the volume scale of the replica. [1/1]

Suggested Solution: Answer: The length scale of the model is 1 : 2.58 107 Answer: The area scale of the model is 1 : 1.73 10 22

[1] [1] [1]

d replica d Earth

49.3 cm 49.3 cm 49.3 cm 1 = = = 8 9 2 6 371 km 2 6.372 10 cm 1.274210 cm 2.58 10 7

1 1 = 2.58 10 7 = 1.73 10 22
3 3

The volume scale is:

Vmod el d mod el = VEarth d Earth

[0/1]

6 VG alternative The perimeter of the triangle ABC is equal to the perimeter of the square DEFG . If the sides of the triangle are represented by 3x + 5.0 cm , 4 x + 7.0 cm , and 5 x + 4.0 cm , and a side of the square is represented by 7 x cm , find the area of the square. [0/2]

7 x cm

F
G

Suggested Solution: Area = 49.0 cm 2 3 x + 5 + 4 x + 7 + 5 x + 4 = 4 (7 x ) [0/1] 12 x + 16 = 28 x 12 x + 16 12 x = 28 x 12 x 16 = 16 x 3x + 5.0 cm x = 1.0 cm Each side of the square is: 7 x cm = 7.0 cm B Area of the square is 2 [0/1] Area = (7 x ) cm 2 = 49.0 cm 2

5 x + 4.0 cm

C
4 x + 7.0 cm

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Suggested solutions MaA3NVCO10 Geometry Part II

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7 VG alternative Find the area of the shadowed region and find out how many percent of the region is shadowed. [0/3]
Suggested Solution: The area of the shadowed region is the difference between the area of the square of side 2r and area of circle of radius r . This is due to the fact that four quart-circle make a circle. [0/1]

2r

AShadowed = (2r ) r 2 = 4 r 2 r 2 = (4 ) r 2 [0/1]

2

Answer: AShadowed = (4 ) r 2 Answer:

AShadowed (4 ) r 2 4 = = = 0.215 = 21.5% 4 r2 4 A

[0/1]

AShadowed = 21.5% A

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12