Question 1 An ion Q contains 44 protons. What is the electronic configuration Q2+?

[ The symbol [Ar] represents 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6] Selected Answer: Correct Answer: D. [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d8 C. [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d6
2+

0 out of 1 points

Feedback: Incorrect! In Q, there are 44 electrons and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d6 5s2 Hence, Q2+ has 42 electrons and its electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d6 Note that the 2 electrons lost in forming Q2+ are from the outermost 5s orbital. Question 2 1 out of 1 points Since 1850, most books have been printed on acidic paper, which eventully becomes brittle and disintegrates. These books can be preserved by treatment with diethylzinc vapour, Zn(C2H5)2 , which reacts both with acid residues and also with small amounts of water retained in the paper. Diethlyzinc reacts with an acid to give ethane. Zn(C2H5)2 + 2 HX -> ZnX2 + 2 C2H6 Which products are likely to result from the reaction of diethylzinc with water? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct! When H2O is used, X=OH. Hence, Zn(C2H5)2 + H2O -> Zn(OH)2 + C2H6 Question 3 0 out of 1 points B. Zn(OH)2 + C2H6 B. Zn(OH)2 + C2H6

The shapes of the following species XeF4, PCl6, CH3+ are respectively Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Incorrect. V98/III/06 XeF4 : 4 bond pairs, 2 lone pairs PCl6 : 6 bond pairs, no lone pair CH3+ : 3 bond pairs, no lone pair Question 4 1 out of 1 points Solid carbon dioxide, CO2(s), (dry ice) is used as a refrigerating agent because it readily changes directly from the solid into the vapour state at a low temperature. What does this indicate the main intermolecular bonding in CO2(s) to be? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: C. van der Waal's forces C. van der Waal's forces tetrahedral, octahedral, trigonal planar square planar, octahedral, trigonal planar

Feedback: Correct 99J/III/07 Sublimation indicates very weak bonds between the carbon dioxide molecules. Hydrogen bonds cannot be formed. Thus, van der waals' forces are formed. Note that examiners can use the phrase 'van der Waals' forces' but students should refrain from using that phrase. They should be more specific and specify whether it is dipole-dipole or induced dipole-induced dipole. Induced dipoleinduced dipole is also known as dispersion forces. Question 5 1 out of 1 points Which species represented by the following formulae has the largest radius? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct! The 4 species are isoelectronic (1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 ). Since P3- has the A. P3A. P3-

least number of protons, its attraction for the valence electrons is the weakest. Hence, the valence electrons are further away from the nucleus and it has the largest radius. Question 6 1 out of 1 points
P, Q and R are oxides of the elements X, Y and Z respectively. X, Y and Z are in the same period of the Periodic Table. P gives an aqueous solution of pH less than seven. Q reacts with both strong acids and strong alkalis. R gives an aqueous solution which is strongly alkaline. Which of the following statements is true ?

Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct!

B. B.

The electronegativity decreases from X to Y to Z. The electronegativity decreases from X to Y to Z.

V99/III/12 P is acidic and hence X is probably a non-metal. Q is amphoteric and hence Y is probably a metalloid. R is basic and hence Z is probably a metal. Since P, Q and R are in the same period, X (non-metal) is the most electronegative while Z (metal) is the least.

Question 7

1 out of 1 points Which one of the following diagrams best represents the variation in the pH of an aqueous solution of the stated chlorides of the elements in the third period of the Periodic table? Selected Answer:

Correct Answer:

Feedback: Correct ! NaCl - pH 7 (no hydrolysis) MgCl2 - pH 6.5 (partial hydrolysis : MgCl2 + H2O MgCl(OH) + HCl) AlCl3 - pH 2 (extensive hydrolysis : Al(H2O)63+ Al(H2O)5(OH)2+ + H+) SiCl4 - pH 1 (complete hydrolysis : SiCl4 + 4H2O Si(OH)4 + 4HCl) PCl5 - pH 1 (complete hydrolysis : PCl5 + 4H2O H3PO4 + 5HCl) Question 8 1 out of 1 points What happens when one mole of ethane is mixed in the dark at a room temperature with six moles of chlorine? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct! To undergo free-radical substitution, u.v. radiation or heating is required to initiate the reaction ( chlorine gas to chlorine radicals). Since the experiment is performed in the dark without heating (room temperature), there is no reaction. Question 9 0 out of 1 points Which hydrocarbon can form a monochloro-substitution derivative which shows both chirality and cis-trans isomerism ? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Incorrect. CH3CH=CH2 CH3CH=CHCH2CH3 B. There is no reaction B. There is no reaction

V99/III/20 Only monochloro-substitution of saturated carbon atoms can generate the required chiral centre. However, monochlorination of methyl (CH3) groups does not generate a chiral centre since there are still two identical H atoms. Mono-substitution of the CH2 group in CH3CH=CHCH2CH3 gives CH3CH=CHC*H(Cl)CH3. Question 10 0 out of 1 points Which statement does not suggest the presence of free radicals in the chlorination of ethane? Selected Answer: Butane is present in small quantities in the product mixture. Correct Answer: Hydrogen chloride is present in the product mixture. Feedback: Incorrect ! Ultraviolet light is a source of energy for the homolytical cleavage of bonds, leading to the formation of free radicals. Free radical reactions comprises of an initiation, chain propagation, and chain termination steps. CH3CH3 + Cl2 CH3CH2Cl + HCl The HCl may be produced by an anionic, cationic or free-radical mechanism. CH3CH2. + CH3CH2. CH3CH2CH2CH3 Question 11 1 out of 1 points Which substance, in 1 moldm aqueous solution would have the same hydogen ion concentration as 1 moldm-3 of hydrochloric acid?
-3

Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct!

C. nitric acid C. nitric acid

HCl -> H+ + ClHNO3 is a strong acid and dissociates completely HNO3 -> H+ + NO3A: CH3COOH is a weak acid and the dissociation is incomplete. Hence [H+] > 1 moldm-3 C: NaOH is an alkali D: H2SO4 is dibasic and [H+] = 2 mol dm-3 H2SO4 -> 2 H+ + SO42Question 12 0 out of 1 points The enthalpy changes of formation of gaseous oxides of nitrogen are positive. This fact is mainly due to Selected Answer: Correct Answer: A. the tendency of oxygen to form oxide ions, O2B. the high bond energy of the nitrogen molecules, N

Feedback: Incorrect! For e.g. for the enthalpy change of formation of NO2 N2(g) + O2(g) NO2(g) Hf = Sum of the bond energies in rxt Sum of the bond energies in pdt For Hf > 0 Sum of the bond energies in rxt > Sum of the bond energies in pdt Hence, it means that the bond energy of the nitrogen molecules, N2 is high Question 13 0 out of 1 points Calculate the standard enthalpy change of formation for the carbonate anion given that the enthalpy changes of formation of CO2(g), H2O(l) and H+(aq) are 393.5 kJ mol-1, -285.8 kJ mol-1 and 0.0 kJ mol-1 respectively and the change in enthalpy for the reaction below is -2.3 kJ mol-1. CO32-(aq) + 2H+(aq) ----> H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Selected Answer: Correct Answer:

C. -679.3 kJ mol-1 B. -677 kJ mol-1

Feedback: Incorrect! Hr = sum of enthalpy change of formation of products - sum of enthalpy change of formation of reactants -2.3 = -285.8 + (-393.5) - Hf(CO32-) - 2(0) Hf(CO32-) = -677 kJ mol-1 Question 14 1 out of 1 points The graph shows the variation of pH during the titration of an aqueous alkali with an aqueous acid of similar concentration.

What could be the alkali and acid in this titration respectively? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct. 99N/III/10 The pH at the equivalence pt is greater than 7 showing that the rxn is between a strong base and a weak acid. The salt formed hydrolyses in water to give a pH greater than 7. So ans is NaOH, a strong base, and CH3COOH, a weak acid. Question 15 1 out of 1 points Aminoethanoic acid (glycine) ionises in aqueous solution in the following manner. NaOH (aq) and CH3CO2H NaOH (aq) and CH3CO2H

The dissociation constant, Ka , of the acid for the above dissociation is 1.0 x 10-

12

mol dm-3.

What will be the approximate pH of 1.0 x 10-2 mol dm-3 aminoethanoic acid? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct. 97J/III/17 Since it is a weak acid, we use [H+] = sqrt(Ka c) =sqrt(1.0 x 10-12 mol dm-3 x 1.0 x 10-2 mol dm-3) = sqrt(1.0 x 10-14 mol dm-3) = 1.0 x 10-7 mol dm-3 pH = 7 Question 16 0 out of 1 points The indicator HA has a working range of pH 4.1 to 6.2. Its colours are yellow in acidic solution and red in alkaline solution. Which of the following statements are true ? I. The species A in solution is yellow. II. In a solution of pH 6, the indicator is yellow. III. The indicator is suitable for weak acid-strong base titrations. 7 7

IV. Any colour change that occurs depends upon the ratio Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Incorrect. V98/III/07 I. In acidic medium, HA predominates and is hence yellow, while in alkaline medium, A predominates and is hence red. II. The solution should be orange to red. II and IV are correct IV only is correct

III. The end-point for weak acid-strong base titration is alkaline and HA with an acidic working pH range is not suitable. Question 17 0 out of 1 points One mole of N2O gas is completely decomposed in a sealed container, at a constant pressure, according to the following equation: N2O(g) ---> N2(g) + O2(g) Which one of the following changes, while keeping the pressure constant, is least likely to increase the entropy of this gaseous system? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: A. increase the temperature B. remove oxygen from the system

Feedback: Incorrect! When T increases, the energy of the gaseous molecules increases and the particles move faster, hence greater disorder => S increases. Since the decomposition is not reversible, addition of gases into the system will lead to an increase in the number of gaseous particles, hence greater disorder => S increases Removal of gaseous particles from the system decreases degree of disorder =>S decreases Question 18 1 out of 1 points Since 1850, most books have been printed on acidic paper, which eventully becomes brittle and disintegrates. These books can be preserved by treatment with diethylzinc vapour, Zn(C2H5)2 , which reacts both with acid residues and also with small amounts of water retained in the paper. Diethlyzinc reacts with an acid to give ethane. Zn(C2H5)2 + 2 HX -> ZnX2 + 2 C2H6 Which products are likely to result from the reaction of diethylzinc with water? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct! C. Zn(OH)2 + C2H6 C. Zn(OH)2 + C2H6

When H2O is used, X=OH. Hence, Zn(C2H5)2 + H2O -> Zn(OH)2 + C2H6 Question 19 1 out of 1 points Titanium is manufactured from ilmenite which is a mixture of iron (II) titanate, FeTiO3, and iron (III) titanate, Fe2(TiO3)3. What is the oxidation number of titanium in each of these compounds? FeTiO3 Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct! FeTiO3 : (+2) + x + 3(-2) = 0 x = +4 Fe2(TiO3)3 : 2(+3) + 3[y + 3(-2)] = 0 y = +4 Question 20 Compound W has the following structure shown below: 0 out of 1 points C. +4 C. +4 +4 +4 Fe2(TiO3)3

When it is completely reacted with hydrogen in the presence of a platinum catalyst, how many chiral centres does the product molecule possess? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Incorrect ! 3 5

Question 21

1 out of 1 points A hydrocarbon, which is a liquid at room temperature, decolourises aqueous bromine. What could be the molecular formula of the compound? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct! Since the hydrocarbon decolourises aqueous bromine, it is likely to be unsaturated i.e. an alkene (CnH2n). Being a liquid, the VDW forces must be relatively strong and hence the hydrocarbon should have a high relative molecular mass. B. C10H20 B. C10H20

Question 22

1 out of 1 points In which of the following reactions is a carbocation (carbonium ion) an intermediate ? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct! V00/III/28 The first reaction involes nucleophilic addition of HCN across the carbonyl group, for which the intermediate is a negative alkoxide ion. The second reaction is the electrophilic addition of Br2 across the

double bond, for which the intermediate is a carbocation. The third and fourth reactions involve nucleophilic substitution (SN1) of a halogenoalkane, which does not involve any intermediate. Question 23 1 out of 1 points One of the chemicals used to make the hard cover covering of golf balls has the following structural formula.

Which of the following statements about this molecule is correct? Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct! Possible structural isomers include D. It has only structural isomers. D. It has only structural isomers.

The compound is not capable of showing cis-trans isomerism and optical isomerism. Question 24 1 out of 1 points The anti-asthma drug Intal contains disodium cromoglycate, which has the following structure.

How many chiral centres are there in the molecule?

Selected Answer: Correct Answer: Feedback: Correct!

A. 0 A. 0

There is no chiral centre. The C atom with an -OH group attached to it is achiral. The 2 bulky groups attached to it are equivalent. Question 25 1 out of 1 points The numerical value of the solubility product, Ksp, of silver sulphate is 2.0 x 10?5 at 25 oC. Which one of the following statements is correct?

Selected Answer: The solubility of silver sulphate is 0.017 mol dm-3 at 25 oC. Correct Answer: The solubility of silver sulphate is 0.017 mol dm-3 at 25 oC. Feedbac Correct ! k: