Phlebotomy, Blood, Micro-Organism Review Test #3 (11/07/07)

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11/07/07

Phlebotomy/ Blood /
Microbiology
Define:

1/ Tourniquet: used to prevent venous flow out of the site, causing veins to bulge. Easier to locate &
puncture.

2/ Blood: red liquid fld that courses through the veins of human body to maintain life, the river of the life.

3/ Microbiology: the study of Bacteria, Fungi, Yeasts, Parasites, viruses.

4/ Phlebotomy: practice of drawing blood for Dx (diagnosis) & monitoring a patient‘s condition.

5/ Plasma: The liquid portion involves structure & function of blood.

6/ Toxicology: study of poisonous substance that effect in the body.

7/ Bacteria: Small staff microorganism no chlorophyll.

8/ CDC: Center of Disease Control.

9/ PH: Hydrogen power it is a symbol for the degree of acidity & alkalinity of a solution

10/ MRSA: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

Resistant: 1/ PCN penicillin

2/ Amoxicillin.

11/ Leukopenia: decrease down in WBC cause by viral infection.

12/ Anemia: decrease down Fe: a condition marked by deficiency in RBC.

13/ Hemophilia: A bleeding disorder.

14/ Thrombocytes: Platelets smallest element cellular.

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15/ Mononucleosis: “Mono “kissing Disease.

16/ EBV: Epstein Barr Virus member of herpes family.

17/ Hemoglobin: give of Red color / also give off at Red color.

18/ PPE: personal protected equipment (gloves, mass, shoes, cover)

19/ Virus: Any large group of tiny infective agents that causes Dz a Microscopic single cell animal.

You need to know.

20/ Whole blood will coagulate unless mixed with Anticoagulant.

21/ U/A & C/S: Microbiology department of Lab

22/ Most common method of drawing blood: by Venipuncture.

23/ Open at the tip of the needle is called a Lumen.

24/ Used needles go into sharp container.

25/ Never recap.

26/ U/ A & C/S goes in sterile container ( name , DOB , time, test, Dr name )

27/ There are 4 blood types: A, B, AB, O

28/ Coagulation test: Hematology.

29/ Routine U/A: drug test detect Metabolic & physiologic disorder.

30/ There are 2 majors of blood: Antigen by Land Steiner.

31/ Most common Lab CBC (completed blood count)

32/ Gram stain most important stain done in Microbiology.

33/ All reportable Disease: Hcg, TB, Herpes, Pneumonia, GC & Chlamydia, Gonorrhea.

34/ Glucose is fuel for the Brain.

35/ Median Cephalic vein = vein of choice.

36/ 7.35 – 7.45 PH of blood: Neutral normal.

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37/ Blood is a connective tissue.

38/ Know difference between Virus (are not cells) & Bacteria.

39/ All Microbes need Nutrients to live.

40/ Bacteria was devised in 19th century by German Botanist Ferdinand Cohn (1828-1898)

41/ Cohn classified 3 types of microorganisms:

1. Bacteria ( short rods )

2. bacilli ( longer rods )
3. Spirilla ( spiral form )

42/ Staphylococcus Aurous often “STAPH “

43/ Common bacteria found on skin in Nose.

44/ who gets MRSA: a person in Healthcare facility or nursing home dialysis who have weaken immune
systems.

45/ 15-30 0 (degree angel)

46 Do not probe the vein.

47/ Describe the steps in preparing a venipuncture.

• Order / greeting pt introduce you

• Wash your hand
• Equipment
• Tourniquet
• Alcohol pad
• Bandage
• Cotton
• Sharp container
• Gloves, Marker tube.
• Arm board support
• Lab bld collection tubes.
• Butterfly.
• 48/ Lumen size is important is called “GAUGE”

49/ Larger the # is, smaller the Lumen.

50/ Smaller #, the larger lumen is.

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51/ 120 days life span RBC (Erythrocytes)

52/ RBC are the most numerous of cellular elements.

53/ Glucose is associated with Diabetes.

54/ Electrolytes panel:

1. Na +: Sodium: 135- 146 mmol/l

• 2. K+ : Potassium : 3.5 – 5.1 mmol/l

• 3. CL: Chloride : 98- 106 mmol/l
• All determines acid base & H2O balance.

55/ Med/Assistant / Nurse provide pt education.

56/ Cholesterol every 5 years if > 20y/o

57/ Yes: U/A for drug screening.

58/ Dacron Swab to detect Alcohol

59/ Barbiturates in system for 2 – 6 weeks.

60/ Cocaine: 1 hour – 4 days can be detected in body.

61/Alcohol: 2 – 10 hours.

62/ CX or C/S: culture sensitivity.

63/ T.O: telephone order

64/ what is a centrifuge: A device for separating components of different densities in a liquid, using centrifugal
force.