Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

TUTORIAL 1
Q1. From the ISA table,
At pressure altitude of 30,000 ft
am
am
am
P am
T am
am
a am

= 0.2970
= 0.7937
= 0.3742
= 8.99 In. of Hg or 300.9 mb
= - 44.4C or 228.7 K
= 0.4584 kg / cu. M
= a sL X

am

= 340.3 X 0.7937
= 303.1727 m/s
Q2. From the ISA table,
At pressure altitude of 35,000 ft (ISA + 10C)

am
am

= 0.2353
= (-54.3 + 10C) + 273.15
288.2
= 0.7941

am

= 0.2353 / 0.7941
= 0.2963

P am

= 238.4 mb

= 1.225 X 0.2963
= 0.363 kg/cu.m

am

a am = a sL X

am

= 340.3 X 0.7941
= 303.249 m/s

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

Q3 (a) From the ISA table,

At pressure altitude of 20,000 ft (ISA conditions)
a am

= a sL X

am

= 340.3 X 0.8625
= 316.0396 m/s
At pressure altitude of 30,000 ft (ISA conditions)
a am

= a sL X

am

= 340.3 X 0.7937
= 303.1727 m/s
(b) From the ISA table,
At pressure altitude of 20,000 ft (ISA + 10C)
T am

= 248.5 + 10C
= 258.5 K

a am

= a sL X
= 340.3 X

am

258.5 / 288.2

= 322.2888 m/s
At pressure altitude of 30,000 ft (ISA + 10C)
T am

= 228.7 + 10C
= 238.8 K

a am

= a sL X
= 340.3 X

am

238.8 / 288.2

= 309.7648 m/s

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

Q4 (a) Given : Pressure altitude = 30,000 ft

Tas
= 460 knots
a am

= a sL X
= 340.3 X

am

0.7937

= 303.1727 m/s
Convert to knots
1 knot (kn) = 0.514 ms-1
303.1727 / 0.514
= 589.8302 kn
M = 460 / 589.8302
= 0.7799
(b)

Given : Pressure altitude = 30,000 ft (ISA + 10C)

Tas
T am

= 238.8

a am

= a sL X
= 340.3 X

= 460 knots

am

238.8 / 288.2

= 309.648 m/s
Convert to knots
1 knot (kn) = 0.514 ms-1
303.7648 / 0.514
= 602.6553 kn
M = 460 / 602.6553
= 0.7633

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

Q5 (a) Given : 50 knots headwind

Ground speed = 460 50
= 410 knots
(b) Given : 50 knots tailwind
Ground speed = 460 + 25
= 485 knots
Q6.

Cost index

1.

Flight crew time - related cost

= (0.2 + 0.10) X $450 X 4
= $540.00
2.

Cabin crew time - related cost

= (0.15 + 0.15) X $500 X 4
= $600.00

3.

Maint. Labour time - related cost

= (0.85 X 175) X 4 + (0.8 X 50) X 4
= $755.00

4.

Maint. Material time - related cost

= (0.70 X 55) X 4 + (0.85 X 100) X 4
= $494.00

5.

Total time related cost

= $540.00 + $600.00 + $755.00 + $494.00
= $2389.00

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

6.

Fuel cost, price per pound

= Cents per gallon / density
= 75 / 6.75
= 11.1 cents / Ib

7.

Cost index
= Time related cost / Fuel cost
= 2389 / 11.1
= 215.23

Q7.

Manufacturers estimated costs are:

767 300 $25 per engine hour
747 400 $40 per engine hour

(Fig.14 at 4.0 hrs)

(Fig.14 at 8.5 hrs)

747 400 Engine labour cost calculation

= 40 / 25 X 30
= $48.00 / Flight hour
Q8.

In fig.11 (1st diagram), it shows us the average thrust settings on a 767-300 aircraft.
Even though the aircraft engine is capable of operating at max thrust, airline operators
will avoid doing so. If the operators always operate the engine at max thrust setting,
more engine cycles will be recorded; these would bring down the engine life. The
operators would like to maintain a healthy engine life. These would mean savings in
terms of man hours and cost in terms of engine overhaul and labour maintenance as
well as fuel saving.
In fig.11 (2nd diagram), it shows us the average fuel flow deviation for 2 engines. We
would definitely like to keep it as low as possible because with high fuel consumption,
airline operators would find themselves earning less profit. Moreover, a high fuel
consumption engine would most likely indicate an improper rigging of flight control,
internal airflow, pressurisation leakage or etc. Monitoring would also help to prevent
accidents that might happen in the near future.
In fig.11 (3rd diagram), it shows us the thrust % of both the engines on the aircraft. For
example, when the fuel consumption and thrust ratio do not tally, it tells us that the
engine might need an overhaul or some components are defective. We can see from
the diagram that before the replacement of EC1 (S/n: 695389) at 491 Eng hrs, the
engine shows a sharp increase in thrust %. Following the change, the N1 at thrust
shows a significant drop before being replaced by EC1 (S/n: 695541) at 987 Eng hrs.
Nevertheless, a new component change might not necessary mean a better
performance. The engine rigging or other components may not be operating properly
thus causing an increase on the graph.

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

In fig.11 (4th diagram), it shows us the specific range deviation. It would be possible to
monitor an aircraft flying on a fixed route on a weekly basis. For example, on the 07
jun 92, the trending drop to a low of 3.5%. Thus it would be advisable to do a
through inspection on the aircraft. Monitoring would also help to prevent accidents that
might happen in the near future.

Q9
a)

SRD% fleet average

= -1.4

b)

SRD% actual

= -2.0

c)

Based on the SRD% trending obtained from 07/07/91, it was observed that the
SRD% was worse than the SRD% fleet average reading. The slight variation could
be due to many factors. In FND% graph, it was again observed that the trending in
the thrust % is getting worse. Thus with this finding, we can conclude that due to
engine deterioration, it contributes to the majority of drag generated. The contributing
factor would be airframe drag. This may be caused by mismatched panels and doors,
improper rigging of flight controls, internal airflow, pressurisation leakage and
roughness due to dirt/grime or refinishing.

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

TUTORIAL 3
Q1(a)

Let C.G. position be x.

25 (10 + x) + 40 (x)

= 25 (15 10 x) + 60 (20 10 x)

250 + 25x + 40x

= 125 25x + 600 60x

25x + 40x + 25x + 60x = 125 250 + 600

150x = 475
x = 3.167m
(b)

350 kg X 7m = 1000 kg X 3m
2450 kg/m

= 3000 kg/m

Taking moments = 3000 2450

= 550 kg
Since it is a uniform beam, weight would be evenly distributed.
550 / 2 = 275 kg

Q2.
30,000 kg
80 cm
600 kg
100 cm
Moment of A/C = 30,000 X 80
= 2,400,000 kg cm
Moment of A/C with chair removed = 600 X 100
= 60,000 kg cm

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

New moment = 2,400,000 60,000

= 2,340,000 kg cm
New weight = 30,000 600
= 29,400kg
New C.G. = 234,0000 / 29,400
= 79.6 cm
Q3 (a)
20,000 kg
1000 mm

800 mm
Moment of A/C = 60,000 X 1000
= 60,000,000 kg mm
Moment of fuel removed from A/C = 10,000 X 800
= 8,000,000 kg mm
New moment = 60,000,000 8,000,000
= 52,000,000 kg mm
New weight = 60,000 10,000
= 50,000 kg
New C.G. = 52,000,000 / 50,000
= 1040 mm

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

(b)

Moment of A/C = 60,000 X 1000

= 60,000,000 kg mm
Moment of fuel removed from A/C = 20,000 X 800
= 16,000,000 kg mm
New moment = 60,000,000 16,000,000
= 44,000,000 kg mm
New weight = 60,000 20,000
= 40,000 kg
New C.G. = 44,000,000 / 40,000
= 1100 mm

Q4 (a)
85,000 kg
895 mm
40,000 kg
800 mm
35,000 kg
1000 mm

Zero fuel weight = 85,000 + 40,000

= 125,000 kg

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

(b) Moment of A/C = 85,000 X 895

= 76,075,000 kg mm
Moment of A/C with passengers = 800 X 40,000
= 32,000,000kg mm
Total moments = 76,075,000 + 32,000,000
= 108,075,000 kg mm
Zero fuel C.G. = 108,075,000 / 125,000
= 864.6 mm
(c) All up weight = 85,000 + 40,000 +35,000
= 160,000 kg
(d) Moment of fuel on A/C = 35,000 X 1000
= 35,000,000 kg mm
Total moment = 35,000,000 + 76,075,000 + 32,000,000
= 143 075 000 mm
Taxi C.G. = 143,075,000 / 160,000
= 894.2 mm
(e) Given : Index units =

Wg X Distance from reference

Constant

160,000 X 894.2
100,000

1431

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

Q5.

% MAC =

Aircraft C. of G. Leading Edge MAC

MAC

Given :

Aircraft C. of G.
= 645.8
Leading Edge MAC = 625.6 IN
MAC
= 134.5 IN

% MAC =

645.8 625.6
134.5

= 15.02 %

X 100

X 100

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

TUTORIAL 4
Q1.
Containers available : (a) 16 LD1 (2) 16 LD3

Qty

Uni vol

Total Vol

Container LD1 volume available

for payload with 20 % stowability

16

171

2188.8

Container LD3 volume available

for payload with 20 % stowability

16

158

2022.4

Containers for Pax baggage

(approx. 50 bags)

Pax

First class (X 2.15)

Bussiness class (X 2.00)
Economy class ( X 1.54)

16
60
330

Total bags No. of containers

34.4
120
508.2

Containers req'd for pax

LD 1
LD 3

0.7
2.4
10.2
13.3

Qty
2
16

Unit vol
171
158

Total vol.
342
2528

Containers available for cargo

payload with 20% stowability

2870
2269

Bulk hold gross volume

payload with 10% stowability

466
419.4

Pay load summary

Passengers
First & Bussiness class
Economy

Qty
406
76
330

Unit vol
77
27
18

Total vol.
31262
2052
5940

Max passengers + Bags

39254

Container 2022.4 cu. ft. @ 5kg/cu. ft.

Bulk hold cargo 419.4 cu. ft. @ 6kg/cu. ft.

11480
2516.4

Cargo

13996.4

TOTAL VOLUMETRIC VOLUME

53250.4

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

Q2.
Containers available : (a) 16 LD1 (2) 16 LD3

Qty

Uni vol

Total Vol

Container LD1 volume available

for payload with 20 % stowability

16

171

2188.8

Container LD3 volume available

for payload with 20 % stowability

16

158

2022.4

Containers for Pax baggage

(approx. 50 bags)

Pax

First class (X 2.15)

Bussiness class (X 2.00)
Economy class ( X 1.54)

16
60
330

Total bags No. of containers

34.4
120
508.2

Containers req'd for pax

LD 1
LD 3

0.7
2.4
10.2
13.3

Qty
2
16

Unit vol
171
158

Total vol.
342
2528

Containers available for cargo

payload with 20% stowability

2870
2269

Bulk hold gross volume

payload with 10% stowability

466
419.4

Pay load summary

Passengers
First & Bussiness class
Economy

Qty
406
76
330

Unit vol
85
27
18

Total vol.
34510
2052
5940

Max passengers + Bags

42502

Container 2022.4 cu. ft. @ 5kg/cu. ft.

Bulk hold cargo 419.4 cu. ft. @ 6kg/cu. ft.

11480
2516.4

Cargo

13996.4

TOTAL VOLUMETRIC VOLUME

56498.4

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

From the above results,

We can determine that the difference in weight is 3248 kg. As compromise is a key word in
the aviation industry, the difference in weight makes a huge difference in calculating the flight
paths, range, fuel, cost and payload. Flight range could be decreased because of its inability
of reserve fuel tanks to be fully filled. At such, high operating cost would be incurred. This is
because the aircraft cannot fly a longer distance with the same number of passengers. Also,
more cargo weight limitations could also mean that you can fly with less or more cargo
depending on the number of passengers and fuel.

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

TUTORIAL 5
Q1(a) From the ISA table,
At pressure altitude of 31,000 ft (ISA + 10C)

am

= 0.2837

am

= (- 46.4 + 10C ) + 273.15

288.2
= 0.8215

am

= 0.2837 / 0.8215
= 0.3453

T am
a am

= - 36.4 C or 236.75 K
= a sL X

am

= 340.3 X 0.8215
= 308.436 m/s
Convert to knots
1 knot (kn) = 0.514 ms-1
308.436 / 0.514
= 600.07 kn
(b)

TAT = 1 + 0.2 M2
= 1 + 0.2 (0.79)2 (236.75)
= 266.3 K

(c)

Since M = Vt / aam
Vt = aam X M
= 600.07 X 0.79
= 474.06 kn or 243.7 m/s

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

S = 175 m2

(d) L / d = 12 = CL / CD,
S = 175 m2
CD = ?
CL = ?

Assume L = W = 150,000
D= T
D = V2 CD S
Since D = L / 12
= 150,000 / 12
= 12,500
CD =

2 X 12,500 X 9.8
0.423 X 175 X (243.7)2

= 0.0557
(e) L / d = 12 = CL / CD,
CD = 0.0557
CL = ?
12 = CL / 0.0557
CL = 12 X 0.0557
= 0.6684
Q2. Given L / D = 12,
D = L / 12
= 150,000 / 12
= 12,500 kg
In Ib : D = 12,500 / 0.45359237
= 27,557.7828 Ib
Also 474.1245 = 798.8817 ft / sec
Useful work done = Thrust X Distance
= 27,557.7828 X 798.8817
= 22,015,408.37 ft Ib / sec

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

Total fuel flow = 5000 kg / hr

= 5000 / (0.45359237) X (3600)
= 3.062 Ib / sec
BTU released = 3.062 X 18,400
= 56,340.8
Fuel flow release = 56340.8 X 778
= 43,833,142.4 ft Ib / sec
Useful work = 22,015,408.37 / 43,833,142.4
= 50.2 %
Q3. Given : Wa =?
FN = 35,000 Ib
VI = 1500 ft / sec
Vt = 0
x = Mass airflow
35,000

= (x) (1500)
32.2

1,127,000 = 1500x
Mass airflow = 751.333 Ib
Given : Wa =751.333
FN = ?
VI = 1500 ft / sec
Vt = 425 knots or 716.125 ft / sec
FN =

(751.333) (1500 - 716.125)

32.2

= 18,290.409 Ib

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

Q4. Given: Acoustic pressure wave = 0.15 N/m2

dB = 20 log10 (Pmeas / Pref )
dB = 20 log10 (0.15 / 0.00002)
= 77.502 dB
Given: Acoustic pressure reading = 88 dB
88 dB = 20 log10 (Pmeas / Pref )
88 dB = 20 log10 (Pmeas / 0.00002)
= 0.503dB
Q5. Given: PCN 40/F/B/1050/T, B777-200
The flexible pavement of sub grade B allows the following :
Aircraft Weight
132,400 Kg to 243,579 Kg

ACN Flexible pavement B grade

19 to 44

With the above conditions extracted from the table, the aircraft would not be able to land
on the runway. This is because the maximum structural take off weight of the aircraft is
estimated to be 44.
Thus the safe maximum operation weight is :
Grade 44 = 243,579 Kg
Grade 40 = 132,400 + (21 X (243,579 132,400 / 44 19))
= 225,790.36 Kg

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

TUTORIAL 6
PART A
Standard table used for calculation
Alt

am

aam (m/s)

aam (knts)

am

am^0.5

am

am*5

am^0.5

1.0000

340.3

662.0623 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

1.0000

5000

0.9656

334.4

650.5837 0.8616 0.9282 0.8320

4.16

0.9826

10000

0.9312

328.4

638.9105 0.7385 0.8594 0.6877 3.4385 0.9650

15000

0.8969

322.3

627.0428 0.6292 0.7932 0.5643 2.8215 0.9470

20000

0.8625

316.0

614.7860 0.5328 0.7299 0.4595 2.2975 0.9287

25000

0.8281

309.7

602.5292 0.4481 0.6694 0.3711 1.8555 0.9100

30000

0.7937

303.2

589.8833 0.3742 0.6117 0.2970

35000

0.7594

296.5

576.8482 0.3098 0.5566 0.2353 1.1765 0.8714

40000

0.7519

295.1

574.1245 0.2462 0.4962 0.1851 0.9255 0.8671

45000

0.7519

295.1

574.1245 0.1935 0.4399 0.1455 0.7275 0.8671

1.485

0.8909

VE
alt / Vc
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000

100
99.9975
99.9404
99.8693
99.7801
99.6673
99.5236
99.3389
99.0991
98.7907
98.4046

C = Vc - Ve

150
149.9962
149.8055
149.5691
149.2738
148.9030
148.4345
147.8384
147.0746
146.1081
144.9222

200
199.9950
199.5493
199.0000
198.3188
197.4705
196.4101
195.0785
193.3996
191.3169
188.8206

250
249.9937
249.1388
248.0926
246.8059
245.2202
243.2622
240.8402
237.8408
234.1984
229.9372

300
299.9923
298.5469
296.7920
294.6546
292.0502
288.8779
285.0158
280.3214
274.7404
268.3619

350
349.9910
347.7525
345.0590
341.8124
337.9046
333.2115
327.5898
320.8811
313.0657
304.3238

400
399.9896
396.7411
392.8693
388.2537
382.7676
376.2722
368.6146
359.6354
349.3702
338.1080

450
449.9882
445.5042
440.2129
433.9759
426.6557
418.1094
408.1868
396.7410
383.8783
370.0065

500
499.9868
494.0391
487.0919
478.9952
469.6101
458.8000
446.4283
432.3715
416.8164
400.2926

550
549.9853
542.3482
533.5185
523.3425
511.6887
498.4364
483.4718
466.7015
448.3981
429.2111

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

alt / Vc
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000

100
0.0025
0.0596
0.1307
0.2199
0.3327
0.4764
0.6611
0.9009
1.2093
1.5954

150
200
250
300
350
0.0038 0.0050 0.0063 0.0077 0.0090
0.1945 0.4507 0.8612 1.4531 2.2475
0.4309 1.0000 1.9074 3.2080 4.9410
0.7262 1.6812 3.1941 5.3454 8.1876
1.0970 2.5295 4.7798 7.9498 12.0954
1.5655 3.5899 6.7378 11.1221 16.7885
2.1616 4.9215 9.1598 14.9842 22.4102
2.9254 6.6004 12.1592 19.6786 29.1189
3.8919 8.6831 15.8016 25.2596 36.9343
5.0778 11.1794 20.0628 31.6381 45.6762

400
0.0104
3.2589
7.1307
11.7463
17.2324
23.7278
31.3854
40.3646
50.6298
61.8920

450
0.0118
4.4958
9.7871
16.0241
23.3443
31.8906
41.8132
53.2590
66.1217
79.9935

500
550
0.0132
0.0147
5.9609
7.6518
12.9081 16.4815
21.0048 26.6575
30.3899 38.3113
41.2000 51.5636
53.5717 66.5282
67.6285 83.2985
83.1836 101.6019
99.7074 120.7889

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

PART B
Vt = M (asl X
alt / M
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000

am)

0.6
397.2374
390.3451
383.3289
376.2029
368.9178
361.4860
353.8981
346.1668
344.4531
344.4531

0.65
430.3405
422.8738
415.2730
407.5531
399.6610
391.6098
383.3896
375.0140
373.1575
373.1575

0.7
463.4436
455.4026
447.2171
438.9033
430.4041
421.7337
412.8812
403.8612
401.8620
401.8620

0.75
496.5467
487.9313
479.1611
470.2536
461.1473
451.8575
442.3727
432.7085
430.5664
430.5664

0.8
529.6498
520.4601
511.1052
501.6038
491.8904
481.9813
471.8642
461.5557
459.2708
459.2708

0.85
562.7529
552.9889
543.0493
532.9541
522.6336
512.1052
501.3557
490.4029
487.9753
487.9753

0.9
595.8560
585.5176
574.9934
564.3043
553.3767
542.2290
530.8472
519.2502
516.6797
516.6797

0.95
628.9591
618.0464
606.9374
595.6545
584.1199
572.3528
560.3387
548.0974
545.3841
545.3841

1
662.0623
650.5751
638.8815
627.0048
614.8630
602.4767
589.8302
576.9446
574.0885
574.0885

0.6
397.2374
362.3277
329.4176
298.4121
269.2847
241.9797
216.4862
192.6753
170.9126
151.5202

0.65
430.3405
392.5217
356.8691
323.2798
291.7251
262.1447
234.5267
208.7316
185.1553
164.1469

0.7
463.4436
422.7157
384.3205
348.1475
314.1655
282.3097
252.5672
224.7879
199.3981
176.7736

0.75
496.5467
452.9096
411.7720
373.0151
336.6059
302.4746
270.6077
240.8441
213.6408
189.4003

0.8
529.6498
483.1036
439.2235
397.8828
359.0463
322.6396
288.6482
256.9004
227.8835
202.0270

0.85
562.7529
513.2976
466.6749
422.7505
381.4867
342.8046
306.6887
272.9567
242.1262
214.6537

0.9
595.8560
543.4916
494.1264
447.6182
403.9271
362.9696
324.7293
289.0130
256.3689
227.2803

0.95
628.9591
573.6855
521.5779
472.4858
426.3675
383.1345
342.7698
305.0693
270.6117
239.9070

1
662.0623
603.8795
549.0294
497.3535
448.8079
403.2995
360.8103
321.1255
284.8544
252.5337

0.6
397.2374
364.8516
333.7394
303.9404
275.5460
248.6171
223.1727
199.2143
177.1083
157.3201

0.65
430.3405
395.6835
362.2987
330.2427
299.6274
270.5324
242.9911
217.0170
193.0185
171.5119

0.7
463.4436
426.6032
391.0159
356.7555
323.9561
292.7172
263.0887
235.0983
209.1986
185.9599

0.75
496.5467
457.6125
419.8954
383.4867
348.5429
315.1851
283.4814
253.4756
225.6668
200.6819

0.8
529.6498
488.7124
448.9406
410.4425
373.3973
337.9486
304.1839
272.1651
242.4402
215.6955

0.85
562.7529
519.9031
478.1533
437.6274
398.5269
361.0180
325.2093
291.1820
259.5352
231.0176

0.9
595.8560
551.1842
507.5343
465.0444
423.9375
384.4025
346.5694
310.5404
276.9674
246.6644

0.95
628.9591
582.5546
537.0831
492.6950
449.6334
408.1091
368.2742
330.2527
294.7510
262.6513

1
662.0623
614.0127
566.7980
520.5791
475.6167
432.1432
390.3321
350.3299
312.8992
278.9928

Ve = Vt X
alt / M
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000

am

VC
alt / M
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

C = VC - VE
alt / Vc
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000

100
0.0000
2.5239
4.3218
5.5283
6.2613
6.6374
6.6865
6.5390
6.1957
5.7999

150
200
250
300
350
400
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
3.1618 3.8875 4.7028 5.6087 6.6055 7.6927
5.4297 6.6954 8.1234 9.7171 11.4784 13.4079
6.9629 8.6080 10.4716 12.5596 14.8769 17.4263
7.9023 9.7905 11.9370 14.3510 17.0402 20.0104
8.3878 10.4075 12.7105 15.3089 18.2134 21.4329
8.4644 10.5215 12.8737 15.5357 18.5206 21.8402
8.2854 10.3104 12.6314 15.2647 18.2253 21.5274
7.8631 9.8005 12.0260 14.5567 17.4090 20.5985
7.3650 9.1863 11.2816 13.6686 16.3640 19.3841

450
0.0000
8.8691
15.5052
20.2092
23.2659
24.9746
25.5044
25.1834
24.1393
22.7443

500
0.0000
10.1331
17.7687
23.2255
26.8089
28.8437
29.5218
29.2044
28.0449
26.4591

550
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000

Name: Teo Chee Wee ( 10493070 )

TUTORIAL 7
Given :
Kangabus 123
Number of passengers
Cargo (kg)
Range with full payload (nm)
Range and payload with full tanks
Ferry Range (nm) (no payload)

Megaliner 789

Kangabus 123 - X

100
120
100
2000
2000
2000
1000
1100
1200
1400 nm carrying 8000 kg 1350 nm carrying 8000 kg 1600 nm carrying 8000 kg
1600
1550
1800

Kangabus 123
Ferry
Full payload
Range and payload with full tanks
Ferry Range (nm) (no payload)

0
12000
1000 12000
1400 8000
1600
0

Megaliner 789
Ferry
Full payload
Range and payload with full tanks
Ferry Range (nm) (no payload)

0
14000
1100 14000
1350 8000
1550
0

Kangabus 123 X
Ferry
Full payload
Range and payload with full tanks
Ferry Range (nm) (no payload)

0
12000
1200 12000
1600
8000
1800
0

2.

Taking into consideration of both the aircrafts range with full payload, the aircrafts
listed above would not be able to achieve a flight of 1200 nm with full payload of
cargo and passengers.

3.

With the introduction of Kangabus 123 X, I would comment that the flight of
1200 nm with full payload of cargo and passengers would be met. However, it would
be risky to travel in such conditions because there is no spare fuel available in the
case of an airport diversion.