The North American Species of Anastatus Motschulsky (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae) Author(s): B. D.

Burks Reviewed work(s): Source: Transactions of the American Entomological Society (1890-), Vol. 93, No. 4 (Dec., 1967), pp. 423-432 Published by: American Entomological Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25077943 . Accessed: 02/11/2011 10:48
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THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF ANASTATUS MOTSCHULSKY (HYMENOPTERA, EUPELMIDAE)

By B. D.
Entomology U.S. Research Department Division, of

Burks
Agriculture Research D. Service C. Washington,

Agriculture,

Introduction The genus Anastatus Motschulsky has never been revised for a considerable amount of information has North America, though been published on the biology of some of our species. Anastatus was successfully introduced from Europe into Ruschka disparis North America for biological control of the gypsy moth, Porthetria dispar (L.), in the early years of this century (Clausen, 1956), and there is a very large literature about this species. A. tenuipes a successful of the brown-banded Bolivar y Pieltain, parasite which seems to have followed roach, Supella supellectilium (Serv.), a its host unaided into the United States, has also accumulated (Roth and Willis, 1960). bibliography for all the North gives complete bibliographies to 1959; later references are in American of Anastatus up species are readily avail Burks Since both these publications (1967). I do give I have not repeated those citations in this paper. able, the original citation and a brief statement about here, however, I have for each species. Where hosts and distribution necessary, from existing cotype series. designated lectotypes In Anastatus is very great. The males and females antigeny to each other, figs. 1,2. It is only possible bear little resemblance to associate the two sexes through fortunate rearings that happen to produce both sexes under conditions that leave no doubts of the males about the association are rare or absent in some species. reliable male material the classification All the North and females. As a result, the males Also, I have had little and have had to base rather extensive Peck (1963)

to work with which on the females. entirely

American

that usually parasites tera, or Lepidoptera. however, occasionally

are primary Qgg species of Anastatus in the eggs of Hemiptera, develop Orthop Some of these primary egg parasites may, act as secondary parasites and develop in (423)

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braconid cocoons

NORTH

AMERICAN

ANASTATUS

(Muesebeck North

and Dohanian, Anastatus

Females white base or

1927).

American
Key to lateral

1.

Forewing

with

approximately with Forewing mately 2. Sculpture

of pair at midpoint

between

a complete or hyaline white at midpoint between base and apex . 4 on the prescutum much smoother than that . mirabilis of the prescutum nearly pearsalli

hyaline and apex crossband

triangles . of wing located on the

located 2 approxi scutellum

on the anterior sector Sculpture . 3 that on the scutel'um 3. Posterior, tured Posterior, strongly 4. Ovipositor concave as portion is prescutum concave portion

& Riley) (Walsh as as strong almost smooth, not sculp Ashmead as

of mesoscutum . of mesoscutum . or more length

sculptured ruficollis of . of . gaster 6 stigmal . 5

almost (Cameron)

as

is prescutum exserted one-fifth or exserted, of forewing of axillae forewing very

5.

Ovipositor crossband White White crossband and or

not

visible tip barely at apex located located near

vein

(Ashmead) gemmarii .... vein of marginal middle . floridanus Roth & Willis sculptured, 7 7, predominantly en hairy Gahan fig. 6,

6.

Scutellum mostly Scutellum metallic

finely

and

nonmetallic dull, entirely more and axil'ae coarsely . 8 in color line equal with to diameter posterior, of concave

granularly . in color punctate, lateral

fig. ocellus; .

7.

Ocellocular tirely Ocellocular mostly

mesoscutum and

metallic, line

portion lateral

scu1ptured ocellus;

one-half

diameter

of

semiflavidus mesoscutum

8.

a few and bearing concave smooth only tan, with portion . Bolivar hairs y Pieltain tenuipes inconspicuous the more than half of forewing crossband embracing broad, Hyaline . reduvii (Howard) vein, fig. 3 length of marginal less than half as in figs. 4, 5, embracing crossband narrower, Hyaline the marginal of Crossband base, Crossband fig. vein forewing . 9 strongly sculptured almost or angled the in same the middle as is the . of toward wing scutellum . Ruschka to than

9.

I; prescutum

disparis

10.

. 10 straight quite forewing from ocelli Vertex posterior sloping flattened, gradually broader in front obvious'y from viewed head margin;

occipital high Gahan ....

. microcentri

B.

D.

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425
ocelli or not to occipital margin; at all broader than dark gaster ... at apex (Ashmead) lateral of almost half

Vertex head 11. Ocellocular with

convex, viewed

not from

evenly sloping in front only than cross

from slightly of

high .
a

11
line light shorter colored line . 12 of forewing with midtibia of broad, fig. rows two 9 forewing vein; narrow, midtibia at stout short, spines . mantis (Ashmead) a third only fig. 5, embracing one row of short, stout with . furnissi, new species 4, of embracing crossband vein; diameter stripe or near lateral and . base than ocellus; another hirtus diameter

Ocellocular ocellus 12. Hyaline marginal apex, Hyaline the spines Anastatus Anastatus lombe. Anastatus Verh. Anastatus

equal

to

longer

fig. crossband

of marginal length at apex, fig. 8 Ruschka Howard var. Types

disparis bifasciatus

(Figs. and

1,

2) Fiske and other authors, not Fonsco

bifasciatus 70: 265. disparis

Ruschka,

Zool.-Bot. Ges. 1920, Ruschka, disparis in Nat. Hist. Vienna. Mus., Bolivar y Pieltain, 1923, Rev. Fitopat.

Wien. 1: 119.

Porthetria dispar (L.), Nygmia Eggs of Lymantriidae, also cocoons of Apanteles (Don.); spp. phaeorrhoea New England. Western Distribution. ? Europe; Japan; Both sexes known, figs. 1, 2.
Anastatus Eupelmus Type, Anastatus drassi drassi U. (Riley) in Howard, 1892, No. 1515. Dalla Torre, 1898, Proc. Cat. Ent. Soc. 5: Wash. 280. 2: 297.

Hosts. ?

Riley, S. N. M. (Riley),

drassi

Hym.,

Host. ? thought to have been reared from the nest Originally of a spider, but the host material still preserved with the unique to be the cocoon of a dryinid wasp. type appears Known only from the type, from Kirkwood, Mo. Distribution. ? Female only known. This species cannot now be placed in the species key from the but it may well not be an single fragmentary type specimen, Anastatus. literature. place Dalla I have Torre listed it in this genus only from placed it here because all catalogs continue and I am unable to place it elsewhere.
VOL. 93

the to

it in this genus,
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Anastatus Anastatus floridanus floridanus

NORTH

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ANASTATUS

Roth Roth

& Willis & Willis, 1954, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 80: 31.

U. S. N. M. No. 62211. 8 and Holotype Allotype in type series. 9 , 7 8 paratypes Host. ? (Walker). floridana Egg case of roach, Eurycotis
Distribution. ? Fla.

9. ?

16

Both
Anastatus

sexes
furnissi

known.
new species (Figs. 5, 7, 8)

This differs

only in having
angular, Length. scape faint tan,

but (Ashmead), species is most closely related to mantis in having the crossband of the forewing narrower, in having 1 row of short, stout bristles at the apex of the midtibia, and the ninth
as ? in mantis. 2.5 ? 3.0 and mm. Head dark with brown black, strongly posteriorly, black; femora base faint bronze antennal luster, tan with pronotum iridescence faint pos with metallic strong

tergum

rounded

posteriorly,

rather

than

tri

pedicel flagellum iridescent luster; mesoscutum and scutellum axillae teriorly; mesopleuron tan black; propodeum and outer of faces trichiae at

to black; showing punctate,

coloration; mesosternum on coxae

with white hyaline to stigmal just basal pale spot on venter

to black anteriorly, shading with black shading legs dark brown dark and brown, tibiae; forewing located the latter and on crossband, with inconspicuous body, and Head,

clothed appendages with Each mandible dorsal margin scrobe minutely Antennal middle, one-fifth slightly

black gaster hyaline; vein; hindwing near base, apex of ovipositor yellow. with hair. short, white

2 ventral size and a teeth of approximately equal a very from short carina lateral truncation; extending dorsally of scrobe otherwise of each antennal ecarinate; fossa, margin cavity areas with lineolate aciculations, semitransverse, parascrobal cavity ocellus of lateral Ocellocular line and diameter alveolate. equal. as scape slightly in mantis); long as than bowed, pedicel almost one-fourth at the bent (not straight strongly as long as scape, ring segment in length and each funiculars equal each and and fifth funiculars equal

as longer

as in length, and each seventh equal funicular. 3 times as long as seventh long as third; club at posterior half as great as its width Median margin; length of pronotum row near of pronotum. in a transverse 8 long bristles margin posterior and and scute'lum dull surface of mesoscutum Entire dorsal coriaceous; three-quarters as three-fifths axillae short, with dense dense, hair alveolate punctation; mesopleuron and with shining and without and shining.

first 3 pedicel; fourth pedicel; as third; sixth long

pubescence

(faintly anteriorly, subshining Postscutellum visible, usually posteriorly.

striate) smooth

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427

Each

a single row of short, with midtibia at apex. stout spines smooth and shining, at meson ha f that of propodeal Propodeum length Dorsal surface of gaster of eighth spiracle. coriaceous; posterior margin so as to expose incised the cerci borne tergum slightly tergum, by ninth a median, the latter with rounded and semi-arcuate in shape, terminal, incision at point where tips of ovipositor sheaths protrude

semicircular slightly. Male. ?

Unknown.

? locality. Sisters, Oregon. ? U. S. N. M. No. 69366. Holotype. as follows: Holotype Described from 83 female specimens, and 1 paratype, Sisters, Oregon, June 8, 1959, reared from eggs of Coloradla pandora Blake, R. L. Furniss, Hopkins No. 33524-C; 4 paratypes, Corvallis, Oreg., May col 13, 1946, K. R. Hobbs, Type lector; 77 paratypes, Corvallis, Oreg., April 18, 1947, reared from eggs of Pseudohazis sp., K. R. Hobbs. of the family of eggs of moths Hosts. ? parasite Primary Saturniidae.
Anastatus Eupelmus gemmarii gemmarii 9, (Ashmead) Ashmead, U. S. N. 1886, No. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., 13: 129.

41238, "Jacksonville, Fla., labeled, Present Ashm." of lectotype. Type, Eupelmus gemmarii designation Six in type series. $ para ectotypes in Muesebeck et al., S. Peck Anastatus 1951, U. gemmarii (Ashmead), Lectotype Dept. Agr., Monog. 2, p. 513.

M.

Hosts. ? This was said to have been reared from the gall of the cynipid Callirhytis but this rearing has gemmaria (Ashmead), not been repeated in over 80 years. It may be incorrect. from Known Distribution. ? only from the type specimens Florida. Female only known.
Anastatus Eupelmus hirtus (Ashmead)

hirtus Ashmead, Ent. 12: Proc, Amer. 1885, Trans. Soc, p. xiv. Col $, U. S. N. M. No. 3024, labeled, "Jacksonville, Fla., Lectotype hirtus Ashm." Present of lection Ashmead, Eupelmus designation 1 # paralectotypes in type series. One $, lectotype. et al, in Muesebeck hirtus Anastatus Peck TJ. S. Dept. (Ashmead), 1951, 2, p. 513. Agr., Monog. TRANS. AMER. ENT. SOC, VOL. 93

428
Host. ? Eggs ?

NORTH

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ANASTATUS

of N.

pentatomid, Y. south

Thy to Fla.

anta

custator

(?.).

Distribution.

Both
Anastatus Eupelmus

sexes known.
mantis mantis (Ashmead) Ashmead, 9, U. S. N. (Fig. 4)

Lectotype lection Ashmead, mantis Ashm." lectotypes Anastatus mantis Agr., Host. ? Egg Monog. in

Amer. Ent. Soc, 12: Proc, 1883, Trans. p. xv. M. No. labeled "Jacksonville, F:a., Col 3023, Carolina From of Mantis eggs Eupelmus Ap/85, series. of designation All specimens Peck lectotype. Two 9, U. 2 $ para fragmentary. et al., in Muesebeck

Present

type

(Ashmead), 2, p. 513. case of

1951,

S. Dept.

praying

mantis,

Stagmomantis

Carolina

(Johan.). Fla. Distribution. ? Both sexes known.

Anastatus Anastatus microcentri microcentri in

and Gulf

Coast

north

to Okla.

and 111.

Gahan 1922, Proc. No. 24987; U. also S. Nati. allotype Mus., $ 61 and 5 (24): 9 12. para

Holotype types

Gahan, 9, U. S. N. M. type series.

Host. ?
Distribution.

Eggs
?

of katydid, Microcentrum
Pa. and D. C. west

sp.
to Kans., Tex., and Ariz.

Both
Anastatus Antigaster

sexes known.
mirabilis mirabilis S. N. (Walsh Wa'sh M. No. of & Riley) 1869, Amer. Ent., 1: 156. Lectotype Walsh $." in type Canad. 5: 280.

& Riley, 1539,

9, U. Present series. Eupelmus Ent, Anastatus

designation

labeled, "Antigaster Two 9, 2 $ lectotype. (Walsh Dalla & Riley), Torre,

mirabilis paralectotypes Howard,

(Antigastra) 12: 209. mirabilis

mirabilis

1880, Hym.,

(Walsh

& Riley),

1898,

Cat.

sp., praying mantids, Eggs of tree cricket, Oecanthus Acrosternum the pentatomids, and several genera of Tettigoniidae; hilare (Say) and Brochymena sp., and a sphingid moth, Cressonia Some of these rearings should be repeated. juglandis (A. & S.).
Distribution. ? N. J. south to Fla., west to Kans. and Tex.

Hosts. ?

Both

sexes known.

B.

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429

Anastatus Anastatus U.

pearsalli

Ashmead

24. Ent. 9: 9, Ashmead, 1898, News, pearsalli Lectotype S. N. M. No. Ex N. Y., R. F. Pearsall, labeled, 22878, "Brooklyn, " Smerinthus Ashm. 9 astylus, 97, Anastatus Aug. 20, pearsalli of lectotype. Present in type series. Two 9 paralectotypes designation

Eggs tera, Acrosternum Banasa dimidiata Distribution. ? Both

Anastatus Eupelmus U. D.

Hosts. ?

of a sphingid, Paonias astylus (Dru.); Heterop alternat us (Say), hilare (Say), Archimerus sp. (Say); also cocoons of Apanteles south to N. C, west to Wise, and Ark.

Mass, sexes known.

reduvii reduvii (Howard) Howard, No. 2668, 8

(Fig. 1880,

3) Canad. 12: 207. 9, Lectotype noven. 29.4.79, of lectotype. specimens 14: frag 104.

S. N.

M.

C, Three

Eupelmus 9,3

Ent., "from eggs labeled, How." reduvii Present in type 1923,

of Reduv.

paralectotypes Waterston,

designation series. All Bui. Ent.

mentary. Anastatus reduvii

(Howard),

Res.,

Hosts. ? Anasa
centrum

Acrosternum of Heteroptera, hilare Eggs tristis (Degeer), Arilus cristatus (L.); Tettigoniidae,
sp.; Lepidoptera, ? Anisota sp., Estigmene acraea

(Say), Micro
(Dru.),

Telea

polyphemus

Cr.; Ascalaphidae,
D. C. and Md. south

Ululodes
to Fla.,

sp.
west to Kans. and

Distribution.

Tex.; West Indies, Central America, Both sexes known.

Anastatus Brasema ruficollis (Cameron)

northern

South America.

ruficollis unknown. under the

1905, Invert. Cameron, Pacif., of this species records [Early name mirabilis.] (!) Crawford, (Cameron), Essig, 1913, Proc. 1926,

1: from U.

125.

Location

of

type

California S. Nati. N.

published 46: p. 347. 843.

Anastatus Anastatus

rugosicollis ruficollis

Mus., Amer.,

Ins. West.

of Tettigoniidae, Microcentrum rhombifolium Eggs furcata B. v. W., undet. katydids. (Sauss.), Scudderia Distribution. ? Calif. Both sexes known.
Anastatus Anastatus Lectotype TRANS. semiflavidus semiflavidus 9, U. ENT. Gahan Gahan, S. N. M. SOC, VOL. 1914, No. 93 Proc. 18331, U. S. Nati. Mus., 48: N. 160. Mex.,

Hosts. ?

labeled,

"Koehler,

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W.

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ANASTATUS

F. Schlupp Webster No. Collector, semiflavidus Present 9 Type Gahan." in type series. 2,48 paralectotypes

5054,

Cage

No. of

431,

Anastatus Eight

designation

lectotype.

Hosts. ? H. oliviae

Hemileuca nevadensis Eggs of Saturniidae, Cockerell. Distribution. ? Kans. and Tex. west to Calif. Both sexes known.
tenuipes tenuipes Type 69016. Bolivar Bolivar y Pieltain (Fig. 6) Bui.

Stretch,

Anastatus Anastatus 43. No. Anastatus Brit. 141: Host. ?

originally

y Pieltain, 1925, in Alfieri Collection

from described Species blattidarum Ent. Bul. Ferri?re, 1930, Mus. and Willis, syn. by Roth Species 246. Egg cases of brown-banded

Ent. Egypte, Soc. Roy. now U. in Cairo, S. N. 1 female specimen. Res., 1960, 21: Smiths. 33.

9: M.

in Types Misc. Coll.,

roach,

Supella

supellec

tilium
Both

(Serv.).
? Cosmopolitan. known, but males are rare. sexes

Distribution.

into its host followed species, Egypt, about in Arizona the United first becoming established States, 1939 (Flock, 1941). because It probably came in from Mexico, to intercept it in ship U. S. quarantine have continued inspectors A. States. ments into the United border the Mexican crossing is its host all areas where has spread to practically tenuipes with the encyrtid egg para established. It competes successfully that also attacks the brown site, Comperia merceti (Compere), This described from
banded Anastatus Eupelmus U. roach. zeli (Ashmead) 1886, 22879, Described The one Peck 514. Trans. Ent. 13: 130. Amer. $, Soc, Type zeli Fla., "Jacksonville, labeled, Eupelmus one of which cannot from 2 $ specimens, is fragmentary. that remains in Muesebeck et al, 1951, U. S. Dept.

S. N.

zeli Ashmead, M. No.

85." Ashm., Ap. now be found. Anastatus Agr., zeli Monog.

(Ashmead), 2, p.

Host. ?
Distribution.

Eggs
?

of reduviid,
Fia.

Zelus

longipes

(L.).

Female

only known.

B.

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431

has not been reared again since it was described of the remaining mutilated At present, because it cannot be placed with any certainty among the type specimen, this damaged I have not designated other species of the genus. the should as the lectotype of the species because, specimen be found at some later time, it might be cotype specimen missing a more suitable specimen to be chosen as the lectotype. This species 80 years ago. Literature
Burks, B. D. in K. no. C. P. V. Krombein and tera of America Monog. Clausen, Agr., Flock, Bull. Muesebeck, R. North of Mexico,

Cited
B. D. Burks, eds. 1967. U. Catalog, Insect Hymenop S. Dept. Agr., U. S. Dept. Roach, of Hyper Can. Ent.

Tech. A. Brookl. C.

2, Second Supplement, Control 1956. Biological 151 p. Bull. 1139, 1941. Ent. F. W. Biological 36:1-4. Soc. and S. M. Control

Synoptic 584 p. of of

Pests,

the

Brown-banded

U. parasitism, 1963. O. Peck,

S. Dept. Agr. A Catalogue p. R. Willis. Misc. Coll. 1092

A Study 1927. Dohanian. 36 p. Bull. 1487, Dept. the Nearctic of Chalcidoidea, 1960. 141, The 470 p. Biotic Association

30, Supplement L. M. and E. Roth, roaches, Smiths.

of

Cock

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Explanation
Plate 1-2. Figures Ruschka. Dorsal Fig. aspect 1, female. of the Fig. Plate Figures 3-9. Details of Anastatus

of
1

Figures

entire 2, male. 2

body

of

Anastatus

disparis

(Howard). Fig. Dorsal of aspect

reduvii 3, A. species. Forewings. Fig. n. sp. 4, A. mantis 5, A. furnissi (Ashmead). Fig. the thorax, detail of sculpture of scutellum. showing n. sp. Apex Bolivar 6, A. y Pieltain. Fig. 7, A. furnissi tenuipes Fig. of mid tibia ta, base of first tarsal 8, (sp, tibial spur; Fig. segment). furnissi n. sp. Fig. 9, A. mantis (Ashmead).

A.

Plate

^^

?*

BURKS-ANASTATUS

Plate

W3k9f

18888*

BURKS-ANASTATUS