Hydraulic jacks are widely used all across the globe.

They have a lot of relevance in the present era, as they have made an incredible contribution in making our life much more comfortable than it was before. These jacks have outweighed conventional screw jacks that were in use at some point of time. They consist of two cylinders joined together. It works on the principle of Pascal's law which suggests that when there is an increase in pressure at any point in a container of fluid, there is an equal increase in pressure at every other point in the container. History The origin of hydraulic jacks can be dated several years ago when Richard Dudgeon, the owner and inventor of hydraulic jacks, started a machine shop. In the year 1851, he was granted a patent for his hydraulic jack. In the year 1855, he literally amazed onlookers in New York when he drove from his abode to his place of work in a steam carriage. It produced a very weird noise that disturbed the horses and so its usage was limited to a single street. Richard made a claim that his invention had the power to carry near about 10 people on a single barrel of anthracite coal at a speed of 14 m.p.h. Dudgeon deserves a special credit for his innumerable inventions including the roller boiler tube expanders, filter press jacks, pulling jacks, heavy plate hydraulic hole punches and various kinds of lifting jacks. Common Types Floor Jacks: These jacks are primarily used to lift heavy equipments from the surface of the floor. It is more often used to change the tyres of vehicles. Floor jack is known by different names such as garage jack and car jack. Nowadays, you can find more powerful jacks in the market that use hydraulic power for maximum lift. Hydraulic Bottle Jacks: Hydraulic bottle are versatile since they can be placed in tight spots and provides good leverage. They have a longer handle as compared to rest of the hydraulic jacks and push up against a lever that gives a lift to the main lift arm. With their use, it is possible to give a greater lift per stroke. They are extensively used in the construction of buildings and repairing the foundation of houses. It has also been found to be very useful in search and rescue operations. Long Ram Jacks: In simple terms, it is a hydraulic jack with a long size ram. Its lever handle is quite easy to use. It is primarily used for performing various types of repairing work. Shop Press jacks: They are of great use in press jobs where there arises a need to generate tremendous pressure with minimum effort. Designing your landscape to care for your shoreline is extremely important not only for protecting the integrity of your property, but also to protect to quality of your neighboring water body. You can control sedimentation and conditions that favor algae growth with proper planning. The appropriate landscaping is also important to improve water quality.

Dont just jump into your landscaping, begin by doing the appropriate planning. This will pay off in big dividends as you will avoid costly mistakes. 1) The first step is to prepare a site plan. Begin by conducting a site inventory on your property. Know where your water flows during heavy rains or ice melt. If your site is bare, know where the prevailing winds are from. Record all of this information on a site map of your property. Also, document existing features such as plantings, septic system, structures and anything else that might affect a site plan. 2) Using this information create your plan of action for your site. This might require attending a home landscape design course, studying books from your library or talking with a local agency such as your Soil & Water Conservation District for suggestions. That failing, it might mean hiring a landscape architect to provide a comprehensive plan. 3) Depending on your circumstances, some of the features which might be useful in preventing runoff and erosion include the following: Create a no mow zone along your shoreline at least 40 feet back if possible. You can simply stop mowing and let your buffer return gradually to a more natural state. You can also remove the existing turf and install native plants. The benefits include reduction of runoff and improved habitat for birds and other creatures. Occasionally the creation of a dry creek bed can be useful to intercept, direct and filter water during heavy rain events. Dry creek beds can be used for drainage away from homes and foundations that have insufficient slopes; they can be used to minimize washing on slopes; and they can be constructed so that they are quite attractive by creating an unusual landscape feature. Evergreen trees, deciduous overstory trees and shrubs all intercept rain water, thus reducing velocity. Therefore, not all rainwater reaches the ground. If possible, preserve your native trees and shrubs and augment their numbers with additional plantings. Mulch can be used effectively to minimize erosion. If you have ever looked at a home with no gutters, you have probably noticed the line where runoff from the roof has hit the ground. Installing 2 to 3 rock mulch beyond the dripline can help to minimize effects. Rain gardens are another effective means to minimize runoff and erosion. A rain garden is a landscaped area that replaces an area of your lawn. As the name implies, rain gardens are designed to soak up rainwater, frequently from the roofs of buildings, parking lots and impervious surfaces. It is designed to accept water during a storm allowing it to slowly filter into the ground, rather than rapidly running off into a storm drain, lake or river. If you are creating patios or entertainment areas, use materials that are not impervious. Flagstone or products such as EcoGrid will allow for the creation of a wonderful patio with gaps for the planting of grass or groundcovers. This allows rainwater and runoff to

find small cracks and crevices and filter into the ground. New home construction or extensive remodeling on a home can disturb the site and lead to damage along the shoreline. The following tips should be considered before beginning the landscaping around a home construction project: Always begin by checking local codes and requirements for shoreline development. Be certain you are permitted for your activities prior to construction. Install a silt fence along your shoreline to help prevent erosion and siltation from reaching your water body. Do not remove the silt fence until after all work has been completed and all shoreline areas have reached stability in slowing runoff and preventing erosion. Always begin your landscape work at your shoreline and work your way out. This way you will never have to cross your work again with equipment. If your site has large bare and disturbed areas and is sloped toward your shoreline, consider placing erosion control sediment logs/straw waddles at intervals to slow runoff on a temporary basis. Once your project has been completed they can be removed. As you initiate your landscaping on slopes, consider using curlex erosion control blankets to aid in holding seed in place and to assist with reducing runoff and erosion. This will improve seed contact and germination. These are natural materials and will degrade so you do not have to worry about removing them. Consider using hydroseeding techniques for seeding in conjunction with curlex blankets to increase germination and seed viability. If you are having erosion on your shoreline from water action, consider native plantings. Riprap is rarely the answer. Consider using Shoresox, www.shoresox.com, as an alternative to minimize the effects of water action while your shoreline plants are becoming established. If you establish a lawn, keep it small and never close to the waters edge. Do not apply fertilizer, especially any that contain phosphorus. Set your mower blade as high as possible to help prevent runoff. Never rake your grass clippings or leaves into a water body or roadway. Start a home compost site and create a wonderful soil amendment for your garden. Before any construction always contact your local One Call service or a trained specialist for locating all underground utilities. Avoid costly mistakes by taking the time to do proper landscape planning. A small investment in time and if necessary in hiring the expertise of a landscape architect can spare your shoreline while improving the quality of your lake, stream or river. Sports apparel for men today is not the same as they used to be. Sports apparel today make use of fabrics that employ technology to offer the wearer more comfort and fit even

when used for long periods. Fabrics being used for most sportswear today are of lightweight and quick drying micro-fiber material which can expand and also allows moisture to flow out of the fabric in order to keep the wearer dry inside as well as to make moisture evaporate faster. The fabric used is also durable as well as versatile, offering to protect the wearer as well as provide utmost comfort in any type of condition. Sports apparel today is not only designed for function, most garments today also employ designs that make them more fashionable. For whatever type of sport an individual plays, it has become an important issue to look good with whatever sports apparel one wears. Sports apparel designers are already putting this on top of their priorities when designing such garments. That is why today, there are a number of body hugging me sports apparel available that not only functions well in terms of comfort and fit but also provide the wearer to show off a well-formed body structure. Fitness buffs always are proud of their bodies and body hugging performance sports wear can help them look good further. It is still important for fitness and sports buffs to wear proper sports and fitness wear. Different types of sports require different types of outer wear. If you are into running, the proper running gear would require running apparel such as a running shirt and shorts that allow excellent breathability to prevent feeling wet and uncomfortable while running long distances. New running wear designs make use of such fabrics that help keep out sweat and moisture to keep the wearer always feeling dry and cool inside. Same goes with running shorts and pants. Although it was appropriate then to wear cotton when running, it can sometimes hamper performance. Cotton can easily absorb perspiration that can become heavy and feel very wet and can make running a bit uncomfortable. It would be better for you to choose a sports apparel that allows your perspiration to evaporate a lot faster such as what newer running wear are capable of doing. The proper running shoes can also help in improving your performance as well as keep your body well cushioned while running. The right type of shoes would usually depend on the kind of feet that you have. Each type would require different shoes and the level of stability and cushioning that your feet would ultimately need. If you have normal arches, the best running shoe choice for you is the pair that offers you the balance between impact cushioning and stability. If you have low arches, shoes that offer better motion support and firm mid-soles and greater stability. For high arches, a pair of shoes that offer plenty of cushioning should be preferred.

A hydraulic jack is a device used to lift heavy loads. The device itself is light, compact and portable, but is capable of exerting great force. The device pushes liquid against a piston; pressure is built in the jack's container. The jack is based on Pascal's law that the pressure of a liquid in a container is the same at all points. Features 1. The jack uses compressible fluid, which is forced into a cylinder by a plunger. Oil is usually used for the liquid because it is self-lubricating and has stability compared with other liquids. When the plunger comes up, it pulls the liquid through a check valve suction pump. When the plunger is lowered again, it sends liquid through another valve into a cylinder. A ball used for suction in the cylinder shuts the cylinder and pressure builds up in the cylinder. The suction valve present in the jack opens at each draw of the plunger. The discharge valve, which is outside the jack, opens when oil is pushed into the cylinder. The pressure of the liquid enables the device to lift heavy loads. History 2. Richard Dudgeon, a Scottish machinist who emigrated to the U.S., invented the hydraulic jack. He set up a machinist's shop in New York City. The hydraulic jack is just one of the many significant inventions of Dudgeon. In 1851, he was given a patent for the invention. The U.S. Postal Service issued a stamp in his honor recognizing his contribution to industrial advancement. Functions 3. Hydraulic jacks are used to lift loads that weigh from 1.5 to 3 tons. They are portable and easy to use. There is no need to employ heavy-duty, expensive equipment such as cranes to lift heavy loads. Different hydraulic jacks have different functions. Floor jacks are used to lift loads from the floor. Bottle jacks are used to leverage tight spots. They have a longer handle than other hydraulic jacks. They offer greater lift for each stroke and are used for repairing foundations and building constructions. Search and rescue teams use bottle jacks extensively. Long ram jacks have long arms and are used in industrial repairs and construction. Short press jacks are used where a high-pressure application is required with minimum effort. Significance 4. Hydraulic jacks make lifting and high-pressure moving easy for industries. Automobile industries, repair and warehousing establishments, storage establishments, distributors, service stations and couriers use hydraulic jacks for a range of high pressure and heavy-duty lifting procedures. They are used in the automobile industry for fleet maintenance and in automobile and truck repair service stations. Pallet hydraulic jacks are used in large warehouses and in the shipping industry. Benefits 5. The main benefit of a hydraulic jack is that it is easy to use. Operating a hydraulic jack is not only easy, but the process is accomplished at a faster pace. It is easier to use than a screw jack. The jack often comes with a pedal to accelerate the pace of work.