Import Export

Import/Export
O N - L I N E M A N U A L
Copyright  1982 - 1999 by ERDAS, Inc. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
ERDAS Proprietary - Delivered under license agreement.

Copying and disclosure prohibited without express written permission from ERDAS, Inc.
ERDAS, Inc.
2801 Buford Highway, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30329-2137 USA
Phone: 404/248-9000
Fax: 404/248-9400
User Support: 404/248-9777
Warning
All information in this document, as well as the software to which it pertains, is proprietary material of ERDAS, Inc., and is
subject to an ERDAS license and non-disclosure agreement. Neither the software nor the documentation may be reproduced in
any manner without the prior written permission of ERDAS, Inc.
Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Trademarks
ERDAS is a trade name of ERDAS, Inc. ERDAS and ERDAS IMAGINE are registered trademarks of ERDAS, Inc. Model
Maker, CellArray, ERDAS Field Guide, and ERDAS Tour Guides are trademarks of ERDAS, Inc. Other brands and product
names are trademarks of their respective owners.
Import/Export On-Line Manual
Import/Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Importing ERDAS 7.X Annotation Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
CDROM File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Raster Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Raster Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
File Pixels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Kinds of Raster Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Raster Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Using ERDAS Ver. 7.X Files Within IMAGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Accompanying Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
IMAGINE Functions and Ver. 7.X Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Image Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Map Composer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Rectification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Spatial Modeler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Viewer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
LAN and GIS Files - Image Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
STA Files- Statistical Trailers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
TRL Files - GIS Trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

TRAIL74 Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Variable Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Class Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
PRO Files - Projections Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Line 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Lines 2 and 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Lines 4 through 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Space Oblique Mercator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
iii
Import ADRG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Output File Name (ADRG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Import ADRI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Output File Name (ADRI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Import ARC GENERATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Export to ARC GENERATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Import ARC_INTERCHANGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Export to ARC_INTERCHANGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Import Generic ASCII Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Import ASCII Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
ASCII Import Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Import ASCII File To Point Coverage (from Importer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Import ASCII File To Point Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Import AVHRR (NOAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
AVHRR Corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Import AVHRR Data (Dundee Format) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Import AVHRR (Sharp) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Write Auxiliary Information provided by SHARP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
iv
Import DAEDALUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Import DEM Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Export Digital Elevation Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
DEM Header Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Import DFAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Export DFAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Import DLG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Export to DLG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Import Digital Ortho Quad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Import JPEG Compressed-DOQ Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Export Digital Ortho Quad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
DOQ Header Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Additional Nations, States and Counties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Source DEM Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
DEM File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Source Photo Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Import DTED Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Import DXF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
v
Import DXF To Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
DXF Colortable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Set Map Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Export to DXF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Export Annotation to DXF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Import ERS (CEOS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

WINDOWS Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Import ETAK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Import Generic Binary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
BSQ Band Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Load Options File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Save Options File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Export Generic Binary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Write Header Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Import ERDAS GIS Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Export ERDAS 7.5 GIS Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Import GRASS Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

GRASS Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Raster Header Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Color Table Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
vi
Export GRASS Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Import GRD Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Export GRD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Import GRID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Export GRID Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Import IGDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Export to IGDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Import IGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Export to IGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Import IRS-1C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
IRS-1C Header File Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
IRS-1C Header File Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
IRS-1C Band File Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
IRS-1C BSQ Band Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Import JFIF Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Export JFIF Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Import ERDAS LAN Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Export ERDAS 7.5 LAN Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
vii
Import MapInfo File To ArcInfo Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Export ArcInfo Coverage to MapInfo MIF File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Import MSS Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
NLAPS Importer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Import PCX Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Export PCX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Import RADARSAT (CEOS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Choose Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Import Raster Product Format (RPF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Import SeaWiFS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Corrections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Import SDTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Export to SDTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Import SDTS Raster Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Export SDTS Raster Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Import ShapeFile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Export to ShapeFile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Import SPOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
viii
Note to C Programmers’ Toolkit Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Import Sun Raster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Import TIFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Export TIFF Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Import TIGER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Export to TIGER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Import Landsat TM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Landsat TM Overrides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Data Definition Filename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Import Landsat-7 Fast L7A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
L7A Header File Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
L7A: BSQ Band Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
L7A: Header File Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
L7A: Band File Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Import VPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

About Control Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Global Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Global Command Arguments:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Feature Class Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Example Control File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Export VPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
ix
Conversion Control File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

About Control Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Global Commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Feature Class Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Feature Class Subcommands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Feature Class Subcommand Arguments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Conversion Control File Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Preview Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Import Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
CD-ROM File Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Data Stretch on Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Export Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
x
Import/Export
Import/Export
This dialog enables you to import or export virtually any type of data to or from ERDAS IMAGINE.
To open this dialog, click on the Import/Export icon on the ERDAS IMAGINE icon panel:
The available options in this dialog change according to whether you choose Import or Export,
and also according to what type of Media you choose. Some data types may not be applicable,
depending upon your platform and the modules you have installed. In most cases, the file type
specific importer or exporter is opened only after you click the OK button.
Depending on your ERDAS IMAGINE license, some of the following importers and exporters
may not be present, and others may be present which are not listed here.
☞ In ERDAS IMAGINE file name parts, you can enter a wildcard with the following extensions
to search for ARC/INFO data:
*.arcinfo to search for ARC/INFO coverages (IMAGINE vector layers)

*.grid to search for GRIDs
*.stk to search for a stack of GRIDs
*.vpf to search for VPF data
*.wksp to search for workspaces
These are not the actual file extensions used on these files. They are simply cues that tell
IMAGINE the type of data for which you are searching.
Import Select this button if you are importing data into ERDAS IMAGINE.
Type: Click on this popup list and select the data type. When Import is selected, the
following options for importing data display:
ADRG Select this option to import ARC Digitized Raster Graphics data from CD-ROM
only. The Import ADRG dialog is opened.
ADRI Select this option to import ARC Digitized Raster Images data from tape only. The
Import ADRI dialog is opened.
ANT (ERDAS 7.x) Select this option to import annotation ERDAS Ver. 7.5 and earlier
data from file or CD-ROM.
1
Import/Export
Some font names used in ERDAS 7.X annotation files are not supported in ERDAS
IMAGINE. These fonts are converted to IMAGINE fonts. See Importing ERDAS 7.X
Annotation Files at the end of this section for more information.
ARCGEN This option applicable to the Vector module only. Select this option to import
ARC/INFO GENERATE format files from file or CD-ROM. The Import ARC GENERATE
dialog is opened.
Arc_Interchange to Coverage This option applicable to the Vector module only. Select
this option to import data in ARC Interchange format file or CD-ROM. The Import ARC
INTERCHANGE dialog is opened.
Arc_Interchange to Grid This option applicable to the Vector module only. Select this
option to import data in ARC Interchange format file or CD-ROM. The Import ARC
ASCII Raster Select this option to import data in ASCII format from file or CD-ROM. The
Import Generic ASCII Data dialog is opened.
ASCII To Point Coverage Select this option to import data in ASCII format from file or
CD-ROM to a point coverage of single or double precision Import ASCII File To Point
Coverage dialog is opened.
ASCII To Point Annotation Select this option to import data in ASCII format from file
or CD-ROM to point annotation. The Import ASCII File To Point Annotation dialog is
opened.
AVHRR (NOAA) Select this option to import NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution
Radiometer data from tape, file, or CD-ROM. The Import AVHRR dialog is opened.
AVHRR (Dundee Format) Select this option to import Advanced Very High Resolution
Radiometer data in Dundee format from tape. The Import AVHRR (Dundee Format)
dialog is opened.
AVHRR (Sharp) Select this option to import Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
data in Dundee format from tape. The Import AVHRR (Sharp) dialog is opened.
CADRG (Compressed ADRG) Select this option to import RPF frames that are
distributed by the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA). The Import Raster Product Format
(RPF) dialog is opened.
CIB (Controlled Image Base) Select this option to import RPF frames that are
distributed by the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA). The Import Raster Product Format
(RPF) dialog is opened.
DAEDALUS Select this option to load Daedalus AMS and ABS sensor data from 8mm
tapes. The Import DAEDALUS dialog opens.
2
Import/Export
USGS DEM Select this option to import U.S.G.S. Digital Elevation Models from tape, file,
or CD-ROM. The Import DEM dialog is opened.
DFAD This option applicable to the Vector module only. Select this option to import
Defense Mapping Agency DFAD vector data from file or CD-ROM. The Import DFAD
dialog is opened.
DGN (Intergraph IGDS) Select this option to import an Interactive Graphics Design
Software (IGDS) file (also called Intergraph Design File, or DGN file) into an Arc/Info
coverage. The Import IGDS dialog is opened.
DIG (ERDAS 7.x) Select this option to import ERDAS Ver. 7.X DIG data from file or CD-
ROM.
DLG This option applicable to the Vector module only. Select this option to import
U.S.G.S Digital Line Graphs (vector) from file or CD-ROM. The Import DLG dialog is
opened.
DOQ Select this option to import Digital Ortho Quad (DOQ) data from tape, file, or CD-
ROM. The Import DOQ dialog is opened.
DOQ(JPEG) Select this option to import JPEG-Compressed DOQ’s from tape, file, or
CD-ROM. The Import JPEG-Compressed DOQ dialog is opened.
DTED Select this option to import Digital Terrain Elevation Data from tape, file, or CD-
ROM. The Import DTED dialog is opened.
DXF To Coverage Select this option to import AutoCAD Digital Exchange Files (vector)
from file or CD-ROM. The Import DXF dialog is opened.
DXF To Annotation Select this option to import AutoCAD Digital Exchange Files
(vector) from file or CD-ROM into IMAGINE annotation file format. The Import DXF To
Annotation dialog is opened.
ERS Select this option to import CEOS (Committee for Earth Observation Standards)
images in the format established by the European Space Agency (ERS). The Import ERS
dialog is opened.
ETAK This option applicable to the Vector module only. Select this option to import
MapBase digital street network files (vector) from file or CD-ROM. The Import ETAK
dialog is opened.
Generic Binary This option lets you import binary data types from tape, file, or CD-
ROM that are not listed here, by defining the data format for IMAGINE. The Import
Generic Data dialog is opened.
3
Import/Export
GeoTIFF Select this option to import TIFF data (Tagged Image File Format) from file or
CD-ROM. The Import TIFF dialog is opened.
GIS (ERDAS 7.x) Select this option to import ERDAS Ver. 7.X GIS data from file or CD-
ROM. The Import ERDAS 7x .GIS dialog is opened.
These are categorical raster data, single layer (band) and are usually accompanied by
TRL (trailer) file, which is automatically read or written by IMAGINE when a GIS file is
used.
GRASS Select this option to import GRASS data (raster) from file only. The Import
GRASS Data dialog is opened.
GRASS data are stored in several directories. Under Input File below you can specify any
of the directories that contain the main GRASS file name (i.e., /cell, /cellhd, /cats, /colr, or
/cell_misc).
GRD Select this option to import Surfer Grid data. The Import GRD Files dialog is
opened.
GRID This option available on UNIX and NT platforms only. Select this option to import
GRID raster data (complement to ARC/INFO - distributed by ESRI) from file or CD-ROM.
The Import GRID dialog is opened.
IGDS (Intergraph .dgn File) Select this option to import an Interactive Graphics Design
Software (IGDS) file (also called Intergraph Design File, or DGN file) into an Arc/Info
coverage. The Import IGDS dialog is opened.
IGES This option applicable to the Vector module only. Select this option to import U.S.
Department of Commerce Initial Graphics Exchange Standard files (vector) from file or
CD-ROM. The import IGES dialog is opened.
IRS-1C Select this option to import an IRS-1C file from file, CD-ROM, or tape into
ERDAS IMAGINE format. The supported data is distributed by EOSAT or EUROMAP. The
Import IRS-1C dialog opens.
JFIF (JPEG) Select this option to import a JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format) file from
file, CD-ROM, or tape into ERDAS IMAGINE format. The Import JFIF Files dialog is
opened.
The following selections open the Import Landsat-7 Fast L7A dialog:
Landsat-7 Fast L7A EROS
Landsat-7 Fast L7A ACRES
4
Import/Export
LAN (ERDAS 7.x) Select this option to import ERDAS Ver. 7.X LAN data from file or CD-
ROM. The Import ERDAS LAN Data dialog is opened.
These continuous raster data, often in multiple layers (bands) and are usually
accompanied by an STA (statistics) file, which is automatically read or written by IMAGINE
when a LAN file is used.
MIF/MID Select this option to import MapInfo data to a ARC/INFO coverage. The Import
MapInfo File To ArcInfo Coverage dialog is opened.
MSS Landsat Select this option to import Landsat MSS data from tape only. The Import
MSS dialog is opened.
NLAPS Select this option to import NLAPS (National Landsat Archive Production
System) data or NLAPS Data Format (NDF) data from file, tape, or CD-ROM. The Import
NLAPS dialog opens.
PCX Select this option to import PCX line art data from file or CD-ROM. The Import
PCX dialog is opened.
RADARSAT Select this option to import CEOS (Committee for Earth Observation
Standards) Image Products in the format established by RADARSAT, Incorporated (RSI).
The Import RADARSAT (CEOS) dialog is opened.
Raster Product Format Select this option to import RPF frames that are distributed by
the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA). The Import Raster Product Format (RPF) dialog
is opened.
SDTS Vector Select this option to import SDTS Topological Vector Profile (TVP)
transfer files to vector coverage(s).The Import SDTS dialog is opened.
SDTS Raster Select this option to import SDTS (Spatial Data Transfer Standard)
images that conform to the Raster Profile. The Import SDTS Raster Profile dialog is
opened.
SeaWiFS Select this option to import SeaWiFS (Sea Wide Field of View Sensor) data
in the format produced by Orbital Sciences Corporation. The Import SeaWiFS dialog
opens.
Shapefile Select this option to import a Shape file to a coverage. The Import ShapeFile
dialog is opened.
SPOT Select this option to import SPOT satellite data from CD-ROM, tape, or file. The
Import SPOT dialog is opened.
SPOT (GeoSpot) Select this option to import Geospot satellite data from CD-ROM,
tape, or file. The Import SPOT dialog is opened.
5
Import/Export
The File option allows you to import Geospot data from tape. SPOT tars data from the CD
to the tape and you must then tar the files from the tape to your disk. Once the files are on
disk, use the File option to load them into IMAGINE.
Sun Raster Select this option to import a Sun Raster file from file or CD-ROM. The
Import Sun Raster dialog is opened.
TIFF Select this option to import TIFF data (Tagged Image File Format) from file or CD-
ROM. The Import TIFF dialog is opened.
TIGER This option applicable to the Vector module only. Select this option to import U.S.
Census Bureau Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing System
files (vector) from file or CD-ROM. The Import TIGER dialog is opened.
Select one of the Landsat data formats listed below. Each of these formats uses a unique
DDF (Data Definition File) that defines the ephemeris data. The Import Landsat TM dialog
is opened.
TM Landsat ACRES Fast Format
TM Landsat ACRES Standard Format
TM Landsat EOSAT Fast Format
TM Landsat EOSAT Standard Format
TM Landsat ESA Fast Format
TM Landsat ESA Standard Format
☞ According to Eurimage, some of the header information in their TM ESA datasets has been
shuffled around as far as corner coordinate locations. This may cause incorrect rotation of
calibrated or georeferenced TM ESA scenes. If you want these scenes to be calibrated select
the Center/Heading option under Image Calibration Method in the Import Landsat TM
dialog to obtain reasonable calibration.
TM Landsat IRS Fast Format
TM Landsat IRS Standard Format
TM Landsat RADARSAT Fast Format
TM Landsat RADARSAT Standard Format
The following selections open the Import Landsat-7 Fast L7A dialog:
TM Landsat-7 Fast L7A EROS
6
Import/Export
TM Landsat-7 Fast L7A ACRES
VPF This option applicable to the Vector module only. Select this option to import ESRI’s
VPF vector coverages from file or CD-ROM. The Import VPF dialog is opened.
Export Select this button if you are exporting an ERDAS IMAGINE file into another format.
Type: Click on this popup list and select the data type. When Export is selected, the
following options for exporting data display:
ARCGEN This option applicable to the Vector module only. Click to export files, to file
only, in the ARC/INFO GENERATE format. The Export ARCGEN dialog is opened.
Coverage to Arc_Interchange This option applicable to the Vector module only. Click
to export files, to file only, as ARC INTERCHANGE files. The Export to ARC
Grid to Arc_Interchange This option applicable to the Vector module only. Click to
export files, to file only, as ARC INTERCHANGE files. The Export to ARC
MIF Select this option to export ARC/INFO coverage to MapInfo data. The Export
ArcInfo Coverage to MapInfo MIF File dialog is opened.
USGS DEM Select this option to export an .img file into the USGS Digital Elevation
Model (DEM) format. The Export Digital Elevation Models dialog is opened.
DFAD This option applicable to the Vector module only. Click to export ERDAS IMAGINE
vector layers to the DFAD (file only). The Export DFAD dialog is opened.
DGN (Intergraph IGDS) Select this option to export an Arc/Info coverage to an

Interactive Graphics Design Software file (IGDS file, also known as Intergraph Design file,
or DGN file). The Export to IGDS dialog is opened.
DLG This option applicable to the Vector module only. Click to export ERDAS IMAGINE
vector files as U.S.G.S Digital Line Graphs (file only). The Export DLG dialog is opened.
DOQ Click to export .img files to Digital Ortho Quads (file only). The Export Digital
Ortho Quad dialog is opened.
Coverage to DXF Click to export ERDAS IMAGINE vector coverages, to file only, as
AutoCAD Digital Exchange Files (vector). The Export DXF dialog is opened.
GeoTIFF Click to export .img files as TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) data. The Export
TIFF dialog is opened.
7
Import/Export
Generic Binary This option lets you export binary data types, that are not listed here,
to tape or file, by defining the data format for IMAGINE. The Export Generic Data dialog
is opened.
GIS (ERDAS 7.x) Click to export .img files as ERDAS Ver. 7.X GIS files (file only). The
Export GIS data dialog is opened.
GIS files are categorical raster data, single layer (band) and are usually accompanied by
TRL (trailer) file, which is automatically read or written by IMAGINE when a GIS file is
used.
GRASS Click to export .img files as GRASS data to file only. The Export GRASS Data
dialog is opened. GRASS files are stored among several directories with specific names.
If these directories do not exist, they will be created. If these directories do exist, you can
specify the directory just above these directories or one of the subdirectories.
For example, if you are exporting landcover.img to the /data directory and the GRASS
subdirectories already exist, in the Output File field you could enter /data/landcover or /
data/cell/landcover or /data/cellhd/landcover, etc.
GRD Select this option to export files from IMAGINE to Surfer Grid files. The Export
GRD dialog is opened.
GRID This option available on UNIX and NT platforms only. Click to export .img files as
GRID data to file only (a raster data complement to ARC/INFO - distributed by ESRI). The
Export GRID dialog is opened.
IGDS (Intergraph .dgn File) Select this option to export an Arc/Info coverage to an
Interactive Graphics Design Software file (IGDS file, also known as Intergraph Design file,
or DGN file). The Export to IGDS dialog is opened.
IGES This option applicable to the Vector module only. Click to export ERDAS IMAGINE
vector coverages as IGES data to file only — U.S. Department of Commerce Initial
Graphics Exchange Standard files (vector). The Export IGES dialog is opened.
JFIF (JPEG) Click to export an ERDAS IMAGINE .img file into JFIF (JPEG File
Interchange Format) format (file only). The Export JFIF Data dialog is opened.
LAN (ERDAS 7.x) Click to export .img files as ERDAS Ver. 7.X LAN files (to file only).
The Export LAN Data dialog is opened.
LAN files are continuous raster data, usually in multiple layers (bands) and are usually
accompanied by STA (statistics) file, which is automatically read or written by IMAGINE
when a LAN file is used.
8
Import/Export
Annotation To DXF Click to export an IMAGINE annotation file into AutoCAD Digital
Exchange Files (vector) format (to file only). The Export Annotation To DXF dialog is
opened.
PCX Click to export .img files as PCX line art files (file only). The Export PCX dialog is
opened.
SDTS Vector Select this option to export vector coverages to SDTS Topological Vector
Profile (TVP) transfer files. The Export to SDTS dialog is opened.
SDTS Raster Select this option to export an .img file to an SDTS Raster Profile transfer.
The Export SDTS Raster Profile dialog is opened.
Shapefile Select this option to export a vector coverage to a shape file. The Export to
ShapeFile dialog is opened.
TIFF Click to export .img files as TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) data. The Export
TIFF dialog is opened.
TIGER This option applicable to the Vector module only. Click to export ERDAS
IMAGINE vector coverages as U.S. Census Bureau Topologically Integrated Geographic
Encoding and Referencing System files (vector)(file only). The Export TIGER dialog is
opened.
VPF This option applicable to the Vector module only. Click to export ERDAS IMAGINE
vector layers to ESRI’s VPF coverages (file only). The Export VPF dialog is opened.
Media: Click this popup list to select the media from which you are importing: CD-ROM,
Tape, or File.
Not all data types can be imported from all media types. See the individual data type
descriptions above for importing options.
Input File: Enter the name of the input file.You may type the name manually or select the
name from the file name part.
Input Device: When importing data, if you have selected Tape as your media source, you
must select the name of the input device tape drive from the list which is opened. Click on the
device name.
Input CD-ROM: If you have selected CD-ROM as your media source, you must select
the CD device name from the list which is opened. Click on the device name to select it.
Output File: Enter the name for the output file (the name of the file in ERDAS IMAGINE).
You may type the name manually or select the name from the file name part.The.img default
file extension will be appended to raster output files.
9
Import/Export
Output Device: When exporting data, if you have selected Tape as your media source,
you must select the name of the output device tape drive from the list which is opened. Click
on the device name.
☞ You cannot export to CD-ROM.
OK Click to use the options selected and open the file-specific dialog.
Close Click to close this dialog.
Data View... Analyze input using the Data Viewer function. This function lets you see the
raw data on the source file or tape, including any header information.
Help Click to see this On-Line Help document.

➲ For information on using the ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE
Interface manual.
➲ For step-by-step instructions on how to import a variety of data types, see the ERDAS
IMAGINE Tour Guides.
➲ For more information on data types, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources” chapter in the
ERDAS Field Guide.
Importing ERDAS 7.X Annotation Files
Some of the fonts used in ERDAS 7.X annotation files are not available in ERDAS IMAGINE.
These fonts are converted to IMAGINE fonts when imported.
Refer to the following chart:
Converted From Old To New

ERDAS 7.X Font Name IMAGINE Font Name
baskervl Baskerville
brodway Broadway
peigmed Galaxy
pmtutor Roman-Normal
romana Roman-Normal
sanserif Sans
10
Import/Export
Converted From Old To New

ERDAS 7.X Font Name IMAGINE Font Name
serif Roman-Normal
serifi Roman-Italic
tromani Roman-Italic
vptutor Roman-Normal
➲ See Using 7.X for more information on using ERDAS Ver. 7.X files in ERDAS IMAGINE.
11
CDROM File
CDROM File
This dialog enables you to explicitly select file and directory names from a CD. This dialog is
opened when you select OK or Data View... in the Import/Export dialog after you have selected
the Media type as CD-ROM and IMAGINE could not find the file(s) to import in the expected path
and/or file name.
File Name: Select the file to read from the list of CD contents.
OK Click to open the selected file and close this dialog.
Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog.

Interface manual.
12
Raster Data
Raster Data
This on-line document discusses:
♦ terms relating to raster data

♦ kinds of raster data (thematic and continuous)
♦ the types of raster data that determine the range of values and the types of numbers
(integer, floating point, complex) that can be used
A raster is defined as a set of data that is organized in a 2-dimensional grid, usually with rows
and columns. Raster data are any data that are organized in a grid. ERDAS IMAGINE is
designed to display and process raster data that represent a geographical area.
Raster Layers
A single two-dimensional array of raster data is called a raster layer. When you work with raster
data in ERDAS IMAGINE, you will select raster layers to view and process.
In some contexts, a set of raster layers work together in the Viewer or in processing. These are
called raster layersets. The raster layers in a layerset are always of the same geographic area,
and are registered together. Multiband, remotely sensed data are a raster layerset.
File Pixels
In a file on disk, a raster layer is composed of an array of values. When a raster layer is displayed
in the Viewer, these values are represented with different colors to make up a viewable image.
A pixel is the element of the display or of the file that represents one location in the raster layer.
The term is abbreviated from picture element. As an “element,” a pixel is the smallest part of a
picture (image). The values for each file pixel are file values.
A raster layer can be thought of as a grid, like a checkerboard, in which each pixel occupies a
cell. Sometimes, a pixel is referred to as a cell or a grid cell.
In geographic raster data, each pixel represents an area of the earth at a specific location. The
file values represent some meaningful characteristic of that area, such as an amount of reflected
light, an elevation, or a class number.
The file coordinates refer to the location of the pixels within the image (data) file. Data file
coordinates for the pixel in the upper left corner of the image are always 0,0.
13
Raster Data
Kinds of Raster Data

The range and the type of numbers used in a raster layer determine how the layer is displayed
and processed. For example, a raster layer of elevation data with values ranging from -51.257
to 553.401 would be treated differently from a layer using only two values to show land and
water.
The ways that you use the file values in raster layers will generally fall into these categories:
♦ Nominal data are file values in a raster layer that are simply categorized and named. The
actual value used for each category has no inherent meaning - it is simply a class value. An
example of a nominal raster layer would be a map showing tree species.
♦ Ordinal data are similar to nominal data, except that the file values put the classes in a rank
or order. For example, a layer with classes numbered and named “1 - Good,” “2 - Moderate,”
“3 - Poor” is an ordinal system.
♦ Interval data file values have an order, but the intervals between the values are also
meaningful. Interval data measure some characteristic, such as elevation or degrees
Fahrenheit, which does not necessarily have an absolute zero. (The difference between two
layers of interval data is meaningful.)
♦ Ratio data measure a condition that has a natural zero, such as electromagnetic radiation
(as in most remotely-sensed data), rainfall, or slope. Ratio data are always positive. (A ratio
of two layers of ratio data is meaningful.)
Nominal and ordinal data lend themselves to applications in which categories, or themes, are
used. Therefore, we sometimes call these variables categorical or thematic.
Likewise, interval and ratio data are more likely to measure a condition, causing the file values
to represent continuous gradations across the layer. Such layers are sometimes called
continuous.
If you have used ERDAS Ver. 7.X software, you may want to read about how these kinds of
raster data relate to ERDAS Ver. 7.X files.
14
Raster Data Types
Raster Data Types

The type of raster data determines the type of numbers and the range of values that can be
stored in a raster layer. File values in ERDAS IMAGINE raster layers can be in any one of the
following data formats.
The higher the number of bits, the more disk space is required to store the data. Therefore, if you
are conserving disk space, use the data format with the least number of bits that you can afford
without losing accuracy.
Data Type Notation Range Possible Uses

unsigned 1-bit U1 0 to 1 Bitmap images, “yes/no”
conditions
unsigned 2-bit U2 0 to 3 Thematic data with 4 or
fewer classes
fewer classes
fewer classes, imported 8-
bit ERDAS Ver. 7.X files
unsigned 16-bit U16 16
0 to 2 – 1 Thematic data with 65,536
or fewer classes, imported
(65,535) 16-bit ERDAS Ver. 7.X files
unsigned 32-bit U32 32 Continuous data requiring
0 to 2 – 1 this range of values
(4,294,967,295)
signed 8-bit S8 -128 to 127 Topographic data,
continuous data requiring
this range of values
signed 16-bit S16 15
– 2 to 2 – 1
15 Topographic data,
continuous data requiring
(-32,768 to 32,767) this range of values
signed 32-bit S32 31
– 2 to 2 – 1
31 Continuous data requiring
this range of values
(approx. -2 billion to
+2 billion)
15
Raster Data Types
Data Type Notation Range Possible Uses

Floating point F32 approximately Continuous data requiring
single precision – 38 this range, high-precision
32-bit ± 1.2 ×10 to values between 0 and 1
38
± 3.4 ×10
Floating point F64 approximately Continuous data requiring

double precision – 308 this range of values
64-bit ± 2.23 ×10 to
308
± 1.79 ×10
Complex 64-bit C64 F32 for real part, F32 Fourier transforms
for imaginary part
Complex 128-bit C128 F64 for real part, F64 Fourier transforms
for imaginary part
16
Using ERDAS Ver. 7.X Files Within IMAGINE

You may use ERDAS Ver. 7.X files for many of the ERDAS IMAGINE functions without
converting them into the IMAGINE file format. Dynamic Loadable Libraries (DLLs) allow
changes to files which are not in the native .img format.
If you need to import or export ERDAS Ver. 7.X files with IMAGINE, use the Import/Export
dialog.
Accompanying Files
The following Ver. 7.X file types accompany ERDAS Ver. 7.X GIS or LAN files, and will be used
by IMAGINE along with the files they accompany:
♦ PRO files
♦ STA files (with LAN files)
♦ TRL files (with GIS files)
☞ When you use ERDAS Ver. 7.X files in IMAGINE, the processing time will be longer for most
applications.
IMAGINE Functions and Ver. 7.X Files

Annotation
IMAGINE annotation layers can be created over a displayed ERDAS Ver. 7.X file. If the Ver. 7.X
file is georeferenced, the annotation will be georeferenced.
Image Info
In the Image Info dialog, you can view file/layer information for any Ver. 7.X LAN or GIS file, and
you can print the statistics and histogram information. However, you cannot modify the file.
Map Composer
You can use Ver. 7.X raster files in map frames.
The Legend Properties dialog will not read in the class names or histogram from the Ver. 7.X
TRL file because Ver. 7.X attributes cannot be used with IMAGINE. However, the color patches
do appear, and you can type legend text into the Legend Layout table.
17
Rectification
You may use an ERDAS Ver. 7.X image as an input image for rectification. You can digitize
GCPs for use in the GCP Tool. To save these GCPs based on non-native DLLs, select File |
Save Input from the Viewer menu bar or File | Save Input As... to save as an independent .gcc
file.
Spatial Modeler
You can use Ver. 7.X files with models that require attributes. Using the GeometricModels DLL
Class Ver.8.3 can read attributes (descriptors) from Ver.7.X files.
Viewer
You may use all of the functions of the IMAGINE Viewer when you are viewing ERDAS Ver. 7.X
files, including contrast adjustment and color selection. Ver. 8.3 can read attributes (descriptors)
from 7.X files.
18
LAN and GIS Files - Image Data

LAN and GIS image files are stored in the same format. Each file contains a header record,
followed by the image data. The image data are arranged in a Band interleaved by Line (BIL)
format. Each file is virtually unlimited in size - the file structure allows up to 274 billion bytes. The
only size constraint is the capacity of the particular storage medium. The file consists of 512-byte
records. The first 128 bytes of the first record contains the header information which consists of
the following:
Name Byte(s) Description
HDWORD 1:6 A 6 byte array containing ‘HEAD74’. (Pre-7.4 files say

‘HEADER’.)
IPACK 7:8 An integer value which indicates the pack type of the data:
0 = 8 bit
1 = 4 bit
2 = 16 bit
NBANDS 9:10 An integer that indicates number of bands/channels per line.
(Always 1 for GIS.)
11:16 Unused.
ICOLS 17:20 An integer*4 number specifying the width of the file in pixels.
IROWS 21:24 An integer*4 number specifying the length of the file in lines of
pixels.
XSTART 25:28 An integer*4 number specifying the database x-coordinate of
the first pixel (upper left) in the file.
YSTART 29:32 An integer*4 number specifying the database y-coordinate of
the first pixel (upper left) in the file.
33:88 Unused.
MAPTYP 89:90 An integer which indicates the type of map projection
associated with the file. See PRO files for a complete list.
NCLASS 91:92 An integer which indicates the number of classes in the data
set.
93:106 Unused.
IAUTYP 107:108 An integer which indicates the unit of area associated with
each pixel:
0 = NONE
19
Name Byte(s) Description
1 = ACRE
2 = HECTARE
3 = OTHER
ACRE 109:112 A real number which specifies the number of area units
represented by each pixel, in the units given in IAUTYP.
XMAP 113:116 A real number which gives the map x-coordinate for the upper
left corner pixel in the file.
YMAP 117:120 A real number which gives the map y-coordinate for the upper
left comer pixel in the file.
XCELL 121:124 A real number which gives the x size of each pixel. Units
depend upon the map type specified in MAPTYP:
State Plane = feet
Lat/Lon = degrees
all others = meters
XCELL is 0 if MAPTYP is “none”.
YCELL 125:128 A real number which gives the y size of each pixel, in the same
units as XCELL.
Data file values begin at byte 129, and cross over record boundaries as necessary. The data are
arranged in the following order where:
x = the number of columns
y = the number of lines (rows), and
n = the number of bands,
Pixels 1 through x of line 1, band 1
Pixels 1 through x of line 1, band n
20
Pixels 1 through x of line 2, band n
Pixels 1 through x of line y, band 1
Pixels 1 through x of line y, band n
The pixel values may be packed in one of three ways: 4-bit, 8-bit, and 16-bit. The 4-bit packing
places two pixels per byte, 8-bit packing places one pixel per byte and 16-bit packing places one
pixel per two bytes.
21
STA Files- Statistical Trailers

STA files (statistical trailers for LAN files) consist of 128 byte records. There are 9 records for
each band, as follows:
Record Name Byte(S) Description
Record 1 1:7 TRAIL74. (Trailers under earlier versions read

‘TRAILER’.)
BAND 8 Band number.
MAXVAL1 9 Maximum data file value in the band. (4-bit
and 8-bit files only)
MINVAL1 10 Minimum data file value in the band. (4-bit
and 8-bit files only)
11:12 Unused.
RMEAN 13:16 Mean of the data file values in the band (real).
RMODE 17:20 Mode (statistical) of the data file values of the
band (real).
RMED 21:24 Median of the data file values in the band
(real).
RSTDEV 25:28 Standard deviation of the data file values in
the band (real).
MAXVAL2 29:30 Maximum data file value in the band. (4-bit,
8-bit or 16-bit files)
MINVAL2 31:32 Minimum data file value in the band. (4-bit, 8-
bit or 16-bit files.
33:128 Unused.
Record 2 1:128 Histogram of values 0-31 for the band. Each
histogram value occupies 4 bytes.
Record 3 1:128 Histogram (values 32-63).
22
Record Name Byte(S) Description
Record 10 begins the same sequence for the next band.
The presence of ‘TRAIL74’ in the first seven bytes of the statistical record for each band indicates
that statistics have been calculated for the data in that band.
23
TRL Files - GIS Trailer

Record
Number Byte(s) Description
1 1:7 TRAIL74. (Trailers under earlier versions read ‘TRAILER’.)

8:72 Unused.
73:117 Variable name.
118:128 Unused.
2 1:128 Color scheme - green classes 0 - 128.
3 1:128 Color scheme - green classes 129-255.
4 1:128 Color scheme - red classes 0 - 128.
5 1:128 Color scheme - red classes 129-255.
6 1:128 Color scheme - blue classes 0 - 128.
7 1:128 Color scheme - blue classes 129-255.
8 1:7 TRAIL74. (Trailers under earlier versions read ‘TRAILER’.)
8:128 Unused.
9 1:128 Histogram of classes 0-31. Each histogram value occupies 4
bytes.
10 1:128 Histogram (classes 32-63).
17 1.32 Class name, class 0.
33:64 Class name, class 1.
18 1:128 Class names, classes 4 - 7 (stored as in Record 17).
24
Record
Number Byte(s) Description
19 1:128 Class names, classes 8 -11....et cetera for all class names, up to
the number of classes in the file.
TRAIL74 Records
‘TRAIL74’ in the first seven bytes of Record 1 means that the TRL file contains at least one of
the following: histogram, color scheme, or class names. ‘TRAIL74’ in the first seven bytes of
Record 8 means that the histogram is present. If TRAIL74 is not present in record 8, class names
or color schemes may be found in the trailer file, but no histogram.
Variable Name
The variable name is a descriptive string for the GIS file. You may enter up to 43 characters. The
string is stored in bytes 73-117 of Record 1, in a 44-byte character array which contains the
character string plus a terminating tilde (-).
Class Names
Each class name record contains four class names. Each class name consists of a 32-byte
string, which is 31 user-entered characters plus a terminating tilde.
25
PRO Files - Projections Parameters

The projections parameters file (PRO) is a sequential, formatted ASCII file. Below is a sample
PRO file:
4 0
T 1.00000000000000000
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
F 3.00000000000000000E+07
F 4.50000000000000000E+07
F -9.00000000000000000e+07
F 0.00000000000000000E-01
F 0.00000000000000000E-01
F 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
The first line of the file contains the map projection type. Lines 2-16 contain data that is specific
to the map projection type specified in line 1. These lines are all in the same format - one logical
(Boolean) value followed by one double precision value.
Line 1
4 0
The first number is the projection type. Valid values are numbers 1-20, which correspond to the
supported map projection types, listed below:
Type Projection
1 UTM
2 State Plane
3 Albers Conical Equal Area
4 Lambert Conformal Conic
5 Mercator
6 Polar Stereographic
7 Polyconic
8 Equidistant Conic
9 Transverse Mercator
26
Type Projection
10 Stereographic
11 Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area
12 Azimuthal Equidistant
13 Gnomonic
14 Orthographic
15 General Vertical Near-Side Perspective
16 Sinusoidal
17 Equirectangular
18 Miller Cylindrical
19 Van der Grinten
20 Oblique Mercator
The second number on the first line is the zone number.
♦ If the projection type is 1 (UTM), then the valid zone numbers are 1-60.
♦ If the projection type is 2 (State Plane), the valid zone numbers are the 4-digit state plane
zone codes specified by USGS (i.e. 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, and 6xxx) or by NOS (-1xx through -
5xxx).
For all other projection types, the zone number is 0.
Lines 2 and 3
T 1.00000000000000000
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
Line 2 contains the spheroid number to be used in the projection calculations.
The spheroid types are listed below:

Type Spheroid
1 Clarke 1866
2 Clarke 1880
3 Bessel
4 New international 1967
27
Type Spheroid
5 International 1909
6 WGS 72
7 Everest
8 WGS 66
9 GRS 1980
10 Airy
11 Modified Everest
12 Modified Airy
13 Walbeck
14 Southeast Asia
15 Australian National
16 Krasovsky
17 Hough
18 Mercury 1960
19 Modified Mercury 1968
20 Sphere of Radius 6370977m
21 WGS 84
22 Helmert
The Boolean values at the beginning of lines 2 and 3 are never used and are simply initialized to
“T” along with the rest of the array, and the second value of line 3 is always 0.0.
Lines 4 through 16
F 3.00000000000000000E+07
F 4.50000000000000000E+07
F -9.00000000000000000E+07
F 0.00000000000000000E-01
F 0.00000000000000000E-01
F 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
28
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
T 0.00000000000000000E-01
Depending on the projection type selected, the programs that handle map projections require
different types of inputs. These inputs include such values as Central Meridian, Standard
Parallels, Scale Factors, etc., and are different for each map projection. Lines 4-16 in the PRO
file contain these data. The actual lines that are used depend upon the map projection type (see
chart below). When the Boolean value at the beginning of a line is “F,” that indicates that its
parameter value is used.
PRO
file Projection type (#)a --> 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2
line --------------------------------------------- 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
number Parameter
Line 3 Spheroid Selection Menu X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Line 4 False Easting X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
Line 5 False Northing X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X
Line 6 Longitude Of Central Meridian X X X X X X X X X X
Line 7 Latitude Of Origin Of Projection X X X X X X
Line 8 Longitude Of Center Of Projection X X X X X X
Line 9 Latitude Of Center Of Projection X X X X X X
Line 10 Latitude Of First Standard Parallel X X X
Line 11 Latitude Of Second Standard X X X
Parallel
Line 12 Latitude Of True Scale X X
Line 13 Longitude Below Pole X
Line 14 Scale Factor At Central Meridian X
Line 15 Height Of Perspective Point Above X
Sphere
Line 16 Scale Factor At Center Of X
Projection
aParameters for definition of map projection types 0-2 are not applicable.
29
Space Oblique Mercator

SOM Policy: The TM Landsat and IRS-1C importers in versions 8.3 and 8.4 of ERDAS IMAGINE
do not store SOM coordinates in the imported image, even though the initial importer dialog
reports the SOM coordinates.
ERDAS has encountered 4 distinct projection systems named SOM:
♦ SOM Version B
♦ EOSAT SOM (SOM Version B with coordinates transposed)
♦ SOM Version A
♦ IRS-1C SOM
ERDAS IMAGINE 8.3 projections include SOM Version B and EOSAT SOM. SOM Version A is
a new projection for ERDAS IMAGINE 8.4. ERDAS is investigating whether the version of SOM
used by IRS-1C can be translated into one of the versions we do support.
For Landsat data, though, it is not always clear which version of SOM was used. If the importer
chooses the wrong version, the image will almost certainly be georeferenced incorrectly.
Finally, and perhaps most importantly, SOM images look generally correct, with North pointing
up, if the image is brought in without georeferencing. Since Y coordinates in most SOM
projections run East/West, the same image would look incorrect when brought in with SOM
coordinates.
The Viewer does not have an Orient Image to North option. The automatic use of SOM
coordinates forces many users to delete the map and projection information using the image
information before the image would look right in the Viewer.
The TM Landsat and IRS-1C importers do not store SOM coordinates in the imported image,
even when the initial importer dialog reports the SOM coordinates. There are a number of
reasons for this:
♦ The National Remote Sensing Agency of India has refused to supply adequate information
to vendors -- including Space Imaging/EOSAT and ERDAS --necessary to interpret the SOM
projection parameters associated with IRS-1C data.
♦ All IRS-1C data, and some TM Landsat data, is registered in the “SOM Version A” projection.
ERDAS IMAGINE 8.3 supports “SOM” (Version B) and “EOSAT SOM”. SOM Version A is a
new projection for ERDAS IMAGINE 8.4. Even with support for the new projection, it is not
always clear which version of SOM to use for a given Landsat image.
30
♦ Most Landsat SOM images look generally correct, with North pointing up, if the image is
brought in without georeferencing. Since SOM’s Y coordinates are East/West, the same
image would look incorrect when brought in with SOM coordinates. Even if the projection can
be properly registered, there is no way to Orient Image to North in the Viewer. If SOM
coordinates were automatically used, there would be cases where the ordinary user would
have to manually delete the georeferencing, or rectify the image, to make it look right in the
Viewer.
As a general policy, therefore, ERDAS IMAGINE does not bring in any SOM coordinates. Since
SOM is a shortcut to proper georeferencing, this should not be a problem for most users. In order
to use SOM coordinates, SOM users will still need to determine the appropriate SOM version
and parameters of SOM to use.
31
Import ADRG
Import ADRG
This dialog enables you to import data in ADRG (ARC Digitized Raster Graphics) format. To
open this dialog, select ADRG as the Type in the Import/Export dialog.
File Click to select an output file name or to exit this dialog.

Output File Name ... The Output File Name (ADRG) dialog is opened. This dialog
allows you to enter a name for the output file in IMAGINE. The default file extension is
.img.
Exit Click to close the Import ADRG dialog.
Stock Number: Shows the DMA (Defense Mapping Agency) stock number for this
volume.
Map/Chart Type: Shows the type of map or chart according to the ADRG map and chart
numbering scheme.
Publication Date: Shows the date of publication for this volume.
Distribution Rectangles: Click to select the Distribution Rectangle you want to import.
ZDRs: Click to select the ZDR (Zone Distribution Rectangle) you want to import.
This option does not display unless you have selected ZDR Image as the Import option below.
Source Directories: When importing a legend image, this option will list the source
directories on the CD-ROM.
This option does not display unless you have selected Legend Image as the Import option
below.
Legend Images: Lists the legend images available for importing.

This option does not display unless you have selected Legend Image as the Import option
below.
Current Image: Shows the file name of the selected input file on the CD-ROM.
Description: Shows whether the selected input file is a ZDR, Legend, or Overview
Image. If it is a Legend image, the type of Legend (e.g., Index Diagram) will be displayed.
32
Import ADRG
Output File name: Shows the name of the file once it is imported into IMAGINE (entered
under the File menu option for Output File Name).
If multiple files are imported during the same Import ADRG session, a new output file name
will be generated automatically, based on the name of the Distribution Rectangle. This name
can be changed by selecting the Output File Name option under the File menu.
Import: Click on the appropriate radio button to indicate what type of ADRG image you
want to import.
ZDR Image Click to import Zone Distribution Rectangles.
Legend Image Click to import descriptive data from the source image (legends, map
scales, etc.).
Overview Image Click to import a 16:1 reduced overview of the entire scene.
OK Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog.
Preview Options... The Preview Options dialog is opened.
Import Options... The Import Options dialog is opened.
Preview Click to display a preview image of the data prior to importing. A progress meter
will appear in the upper left corner of the screen indicating the status of the Preview function.
When the Job State is Done, a Viewer will automatically display the preview image.
If you desire, you may select a subset to import from this image using the Subset Definition
options in the Import Options or Preview Options dialog.
Batch Click to include this process in a batch file.

Interface manual.
➲ For more information on ADRG data, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources” chapter in
the ERDAS Field Guide.
➲ See the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual for step-by-step instructions on how to
import and export a variety of data types.
33
Output File Name (ADRG)
Output File Name (ADRG)

This dialog enables you to enter a name for the ADRG output file in ERDAS IMAGINE.
This dialog is opened when you select File | Output File Name... from the Import ADRG dialog
menu bar.
Filename: Enter the name of the file once it is imported into IMAGINE. The .img extension
is added automatically.

Interface manual.
34
Import ADRI
Import ADRI
This dialog enables you to import data in ADRI (ARC Digitized Raster Imagery) format. This type
of imagery is composed of SPOT panchromatic and other satellite data which are digitized in the
ARC/Second format.
To open this dialog, select ADRI as the Type in the Import/Export dialog.
File Click to select the output file name or to exit this dialog.
Output File Name The Output File Name (ADRI) dialog is opened. This dialog allows
you to enter a name for the output file in IMAGINE.The default file extension is .img.
Exit Click to close the Import ADRI dialog.
Stock Number: Lists the DMA (Defense Mapping Agency) stock number for this volume.
Source Material: Identifies the type of images used as source images for this data.
Publication Date: Lists the date of publication for this volume.
Distribution Rectangles Click on this scroll list to select the Distribution Rectangle.
The boundaries of the image will appear in the Image Extent group.
Go To Position the tape to the selected Distribution Rectangle.
Image Extent: Shows the boundaries of the selected Distribution Rectangle.

North: The bounding latitude of the north side of the selected Distribution Rectangle is
reported in degrees, minutes, seconds.
South: The bounding latitude of the south side of the selected Distribution Rectangle is
West: The bounding longitude of the west side of the selected Distribution Rectangle is
East: The bounding longitude of the east side of the selected Distribution Rectangle is
Ready to import: Shows the name of the Distribution Rectangle to be read when the
OK or Preview button is selected.
35
Import ADRI
Output Filename: Shows the name of the file once it is imported into IMAGINE (entered
under the File menu option for Output File Name).
If multiple files are imported during the same Import ADRI session, a new output file name
will be automatically generated based on the name of the Distribution Rectangle. This name
can be changed by choosing the Output File Name option under the File menu.
Import: Click on the appropriate radio button to indicate what type of ADRG image you
want to import.
Overview Image Click to import a 16:1 reduced overview of the entire scene.
ZDR Click to import a Zone Distribution Rectangle image.
Close Click to cancel this process and close this dialog.
Preview Options... The Preview Options dialog is opened.
Import Options... The Import Options dialog is opened.
From this image you may select a subset to import if you desire, using the Subset Definition

Interface manual.
➲ For more information on ADRI data, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources” chapter in the
ERDAS Field Guide.
36
Output File Name (ADRI)
Output File Name (ADRI)

This dialog enables you to enter a name for the ADRI output file in IMAGINE.
This dialog is opened when you select File | Output File Name... from the Import ADRI dialog
menu bar.
Filename: Enter the name of the file once it is imported into IMAGINE. The .img extension
will be added automatically.

Interface manual.
37
Import ARC GENERATE
Import ARC GENERATE

This dialog allows you to import an ARC GENERATE file. The output file is an ERDAS IMAGINE
vector layer.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type ARCGEN from the Import/Export dialog. In
the Import/Export dialog, you must enter the media type, the name of the file to convert, the new
output file name, and then click OK.
☞ You may run Build Vector Layer Topology or Clean Vector Layer to establish topology for
the imported vector layer.
Feature Class: Select feature class to be imported.

Line Line data will be imported.
Point Point data will be imported.
Polygon Polygon data will be imported.
Tic Tics will be imported.
Fishnet Fishnet (rectangular cells) data will be imported.
Curve Curve data will be imported.
Circle Circle data will be imported.
Coverage Precision: Select the precision for the output coverage.

Single Select the precision for the output coverage.
Double Select the precision for the output coverage.
Batch Click to include this function in a batch file.

➲ For more information on the ARC GENERATE file format, see the “Raster and Vector Data
Sources” chapter in the ERDAS Field Guide.
Interface manual.
38
Export to ARC GENERATE
Export to ARC GENERATE

This dialog allows you to export an ERDAS IMAGINE vector layer to an ARC/INFO GENERATE
format file.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type ARCGEN from the Import/Export dialog. In
the Import/Export dialog, you must enter the media type, the name of the file to convert, the new
Select Feature Class: Left-hold to select the type of feature to convert. You may convert
only one feature at a time. To convert more than one feature, you must run the conversion
process multiple times and create different output files.
Line Line features in the input file will be converted.
Point Point features in the input file will be converted.
Polygon Polygon features in the input file will be converted.
Tic The tic marks in the input file will be converted.
Cancel Click to cancel the process and close this dialog.

➲ For more information on the ARC GENERATE file format, see the “Raster and Vector Data
Interface manual.
39
Import ARC_INTERCHANGE
Import ARC_INTERCHANGE
This dialog lets you to import an ARC/INFO interchange file to a GRID or a coverage. The
interchange file must have extension in the form of .exx. If the interchange file has multiple
volumes, the extensions may range from .e00 to .e99. Specify any one of the volume names
(such as filename.e00 or filename.e77) as the input file name in the previous dialog, since only
the prefix is important. The program will search for and import all available volumes for the
interchange file.
To open this dialog, select Import and then ARC INTERCHANGE as the Type in the Import/
Export dialog.
Arc Interchange File Type: Specify whether the interchange file was created from an
ARC/INFO coverage or a GRID coverage.
COVERAGE Click if the interchange file was created from an ARC/INFO coverage. A
coverage will be imported.
GRID Click if the interchange file was created from an ARC/INFO GRID coverage. A
GRID will be imported.

Interface manual.
40
Export to ARC_INTERCHANGE
Export to ARC_INTERCHANGE
This dialog lets you create an ARC/INFO interchange file from a vector coverage or a GRID file,
so that it can be transferred to another platform. If the geo-data set is very large, you may specify
a reasonable maximum number of lines for each volume of the interchange file. In such a case,
multiple volumes will be created with extensions in the form of .exx. The extensions may range
from .e00 to .e99.
To open this dialog, select Export and then ARC_INTERCHANGE as the Type in the Import/
Export dialog. Then click OK.
Export File Type: Specify the type of ARC/INFO file to be exported.

COVERAGE Click this button if the file to be exported is an ARC/INFO vector coverage.
GRID Click this button if the file to be exported is an ARC/INFO GRID coverage.
Compression Type: Specify whether and/or how the output file is to be compressed.
This is especially useful when porting files to or from IBM or PC systems.
FULL Click to indicate that both spaces and numbers are to be compressed using ASCII
compression characters.
PARTIAL Click to compress spaces, but not numbers.
NONE Click to not compress anything.
Max. Number of Lines for Output Files: Specify the maximum number of lines for
each volume of the interchange file. If the coverage/GRID file is very large, it is practical to
create multiple volumes of output files with extension .exx. The xx variable may range from
00 to 99.

Interface manual.
41
Import Generic ASCII Data

This dialog enables you to import data in ASCII format. You open this dialog by selecting Import
and then ASCII as the Type in the Import/Export dialog.
Data Format: Click on this popup list and select the input data format.
BIL The input data are in band interleaved by line (BIL) format.
BIP The input data are in band interleaved by pixel (BIP) format.
BSQ The input data are in band sequential (BSQ) format.
Data Type: Click on this popup list and select Binary, Octal, Decimal, or Hexadecimal as
the input data type.
No. of Rows: Enter the number of rows (lines) in the input file.
No. of Cols: Enter the number of columns in the input file.
No. of Bands: Enter the number of bands in the input file.
Line Terminator: Click on this popup list and choose the character that indicates the
end of a line of text in the import data. This is based on the system on which the import file
was created:
NewLine (UNIX)
Return+LineFeed (DOS)
Return (MacOS)
No. of Lines To Skip: Enter the number of text lines to skip in the input file. For example,
if the import data contains header lines at the top of the file, you could tell IMAGINE to skip
those rows when importing. The default value is 0.
Skip Bytes (1st Image Line) Enter the number of characters to skip on the first line
of image data imported.This is useful, for example, in a PostScript file, where raster
(bitmapped) image data may begin in the middle of a text line.
Skip Bytes (Subsequent Lines) Enter the number of characters to skip on each
remaining image line of the data imported.
Pixel Arrangement: Click to select the way that pixel values are separated in the input
file.
42
Delimited Select this option if pixel values are separated by a delimiter.
Delimiter: Click on this popup list to select the delimiter to use to separate pixel
values in the import data: Tab, Space, Comma, White Space.
The WhiteSpace entry allows any number of sequential spaces and tabs to be used
as the separator. This is useful if the file was formatted into columns by using spaces.
In this case you would not want two consecutive spaces or tabs to delimit an empty
field.
Positional Select this option if pixel values are separated by position in the input file.
For example, each pixel might be assigned two characters. Then the first pixel value on a
line consists of characters1 and 2, the second pixel value by characters 3 and 4, etc.
No. of Characters Per Pixel: Number of characters used by each pixel value when
Pixel Arrangement is Positional.
Preview Options ... The Preview Options dialog is opened.
Import Options ... The Import Options dialog is opened.

Interface manual.
43
Import ASCII Data
Import ASCII Data

This dialog enables you to choose the file from which you will be importing data. This dialog
opens when you have not specified an import ASCII file name in the Import/Export dialog.
Import From... Enter the Name of the File to Import in the filename part or click on the
file name in the scrolling list.
OK Click to import the data.
Cancel Click to close this Dialog and cancel the import.
Help Click to view the On-Line Help for this dialog.
44
ASCII Import Options

This dialog enables you to specify the format of the input ASCII file so that a program can import
correctly. This dialog opens from several IMAGINE applications that import ASCII data including
the 3D Surfacing dialog, the Import/Export dialog, and the VirtualGIS add-on module.
File to Import From: Shows the full path of the input data file.
Field Definition Click on this tab to specify how fields can be recognized by the program.
Field Type: Specify the data file field type.
Delimited by Separator Click to delimit fields by separators.
Fixed Width Click to define fields by a fixed width.
Separator Character: Click on this popup list to select the character which separates
fields in the input data file. This option displays if the Field Type selected is Delimited by
Separator.
WhiteSpace Select this if fields in the data file are separated by white spaces.
Comma Select this if fields in the data file are separated by commas.
Colon (:) Select this if fields in the data file are separated by colons.
SemiColon (;) Select this if fields in the data file are separated by semicolons.
Vertical Bar (|) Select this if fields in the data file are separated by vertical bars.
Space Select this if fields in the data file are separated by spaces.
Tab Select this if fields in the data file are separated by tabs.
Row Terminator Character: Click on this popup list to select the character(s) which
terminates each line in the input file. This option displays if the Field Type selected is
Delimited by Separator.
NewLine (Unix) Select this if the Row Terminator is NewLine (Unix).
Return NewLine (DOS) Select this if the Row Terminator is Return NewLine (DOS).
Return (MacOS) Select this if the Row Terminator is Return (MacOS).
Comment Character: Define the Character Used to Begin Comment Lines. This option
displays if the Field Type selected is Delimited by Separator.
45
Number of Rows To Skip: Skip This Number of Rows Before Reading the Data. This
option displays if the Field Type selected is Delimited by Separator.
Number of Fields: Number of fields in a record of the input file. This option displays if
the Field Type selected is Fixed Width.
Rows to Skip: Number of rows to skip in the input file. This option displays if the Field
Type selected is Fixed Width.
Specify Field Widths: In the CellArray, specify the width of each field in number of
bytes. This option displays if the Field Type selected is Fixed Width.
Input Preview Click on this tab to preview the input data interpreted according to the field
definitions. The data is in CellArray form.
Column Mapping In the CellArray, specify which input field imports to which output field.
OK Click to run the import.
View Click to view the data in a text editor.
Cancel Click to cancel any changes made and close this dialog.
46
Import ASCII File To Point Coverage (from Importer)
Import ASCII File To Point Coverage (from Importer)

This dialog enables you to import an ASCII file to a point coverage of single or double precision.
The ASCII file must contain one point coordinate pair (x,y) per line. The format of the input file is
defined in the ASCII Import Options dialog.
This dialog opens when you select Import | ASCII To Point Coverage from the Import/Export
dialog.
Coverage Precision: Specify Single or Double output coverage precision:
Ok Click to import the ASCII file.
Cancel Click to cancel the job.
47
Import ASCII File To Point Annotation
Import ASCII File To Point Annotation

This dialog enables you to import an ASCII file to point annotation. It opens when you select
Import | ASCII To Point Annotation from the Import/Export dialog.
Point Coordinate Type: Choose the x and y coordinate types in the input ASCII file.
File Click to designate file coordinates.
Map Click to designate map coordinates.
Specify Map Units: Choose the map units of the points in the input ASCII file. This option
is only available if Map coordinates are selected for the Point Coordinate Type.
Ok Click to import the ASCII file.
Cancel Click to cancel the job.
48
Import AVHRR (NOAA)
Import AVHRR (NOAA)

This dialog enables you to import AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) data
produced by NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration). The options in this
dialog are specific to importing AVHRR data. AVHRR data include GCPs (ground control points)
which can be used to rectify the image.
☞ NOTE: These GCPs are not always accurate.

You open this dialog by selecting AVHRR as the data Type in the Import/Export dialog.
This group shows the following basic information about the selected input file:
Platform: Shows the platform from which the data were acquired.
Scan Date/Time: Shows the date and time the data were acquired.
Starting Lat/Lon: Shows the Lat/Lon position at the start of the sensor scan, if available.
Ending Lat/Lon: Shows the Lat/Lon position at the end of the scan, if available.
Data Type: Shows the type of AVHRR data (GAC, LAC, or HRPT).
Storage: Shows the method of data storage (Packed or Unpacked).
No. Rows: Number of rows in the input file.
No. Cols: Number of columns in the input file.
No. Bands: Number of bands in the input file.

Corrections... Click to apply rectification and radiometric corrections to the output file.
Rewind Click to rewind tape and position to the first file.
Skip Click to skip to next file on the tape.
Preview Options... Click to display the Preview Options dialog.
Import Options... Click to display the Import Options dialog.
49
Import AVHRR (NOAA)
Help Click to read this On-Line Help document.

Interface manual.
➲ For more information on AVHRR data, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources” chapter in
50
AVHRR Corrections
AVHRR Corrections
This dialog enables the user to control the various types of image correction that can be
performed on AVHRR data. It is opened when you click the Corrections... button in the Import
AVHRR (NOAA) dialog or the Import AVHRR (Sharp) dialog. (The AVHRR Dundee format does
not supply enough information to provide these corrections.)
Rectification Rectification allows the user to specify how the importer will use the GCPs
provided in the AVHRR data. The importer can compute a polynomial transformation from the
GCPs, and the user may request the import to do one or more of the following:
Write Transform to Image Click to calibrate the output image with that polynomial
transformation.
Write GCP File Click to store GCPs in a GCP file (with a .gcc file extension). Click the
File Selector icon to bring up the .gcc file list.
Transformation Order: Choose the order of the Polynomial Transform.
Correct Panoramic Distortion Click to resample data to the correct distortion.
Nominal Flying Height (km): Enter the altitude of the satellite.
Radiometric Radiometric corrections allow calibration constants and/or sun angle data
present in the AVHRR data to be applied to the data. AVHRR tapes contain calibration
constants in the form of slope and intercept values for each band. The constants can convert
the raw pixel values to percent albedo in Bands 1 and 2, or energy measured by the sensor
in units of milliwatts per square meter per steradian per centimeter in Bands 3, 4, and 5.
These values may be further converted to spectral radiance (Bands 1 and 2) or temperature
(Bands 3, 4, and 5). In addition, the Sun Angle is recorded at regular intervals in each scan
line.
Apply Radiometric Correction Click to apply the slope and intercept coefficient to the
pixel values.
Apply Sun Angle Correction Click to apply solar zenith angles to the visible bands. This
allows a basic correction (1 / cosine( {sun angle} ) ) to be applied to the pixel values.
Write Sun Angles to File Click to write sun angle values to an image file. This allows
the interpolated values for sun angles to be stored in another image.
OK Click to accept the correction parameters.
Cancel Click to cancel any updated info and close this dialog.
51
Import AVHRR Data (Dundee Format)

This dialog enables you to import AVHRR data produced by the NERC Satellite Station,
University of Dundee, Scotland. These data are in a somewhat “rawer” format than AVHRR data
produced by NOAA. There are no header data, ground control points, or calibration coefficients
included with Dundee format data. Consequently, there is no ephemeris data record written to
the IMAGINE file. The HRPT and Dundee formats are both supported, as are the CCT/Exabyte
and Cartridge formats.
You open this dialog by selecting AVHRR (Dundee Format) as the data Type in the Import/
Export dialog.
Number of lines: Enter the number of scan lines for this file. This number should be
written on the tape or on the Tape Information Sheet provided with the data.
This number must be entered before you click the OK, Preview Options, Import Options,
Preview, or Batch buttons.
(File Number) This label shows the sequential number of the file on the tape.
Rewind Click to rewind tape and position to the first file
Skip Click to skip to next file on the tape. If currently at the last file on the tape, the tape
will be rewound.
Preview Options ... Click to display the Preview Options dialog.

Import Options ... Click to display the Import Options dialog
52
Interface manual.
➲ For more information on AVHRR data, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources” chapter in
53
Import AVHRR (Sharp)

This dialog enables you to import AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) data in
the Sharp format designed by ESA (European Space Agency). Sharp stands for Standard Family
HRPT Archive Request Product, and HRPT stands for High-Resolution Picture Transmission.
This dialog opens when you select AVHRR (Sharp) as the Data Type in the Import/Export
dialog.
Platform: The Platform from which the Data was Acquired.
Scene Date: The Date and Time the Data was Acquired.
Center Lat/Lon: The latitude and longitude at the center of the image.
Agency: Name of the agency that received the image.
Country: The name of the country that received the image.
Facility: The name of the receiving station.
Data Type: Type of data (AVHRR or TOVS). The Sharp format provides for storing of
AVHRR or TOVS (TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder) in the archive. The importation of the
lower-resolution TOVS data is not supported.
SHARP Level: Level of the SHARP (AVHRR) Specification.

(File Number) Sequential number of the image on the tape. A given SHARP image is
composed of 4 physical files on the tape, and a given tape may contain from 1 to 4 of these
images. This field contains the number of the image currently being described by the other
fields. Using the Skip or Rewind buttons, it is possible to import any of the AVHRR images
present on the tape.
Corrections... Click to apply rectification and radiometric corrections to the output file.
Auxiliary... Control how auxiliary SHARP information will be handled. The SHARP format
supplies additional information, including state boundaries, coastlines, and, in some cases,
an elementary classification of the AVHRR data. This button allows you to select your options.
54
Rewind Click to rewind the tape and position to the first image.
Skip Click to skip to the next image on the tape.
OK Click to import the image.
Cancel Click to cancel the process and close this dialog.
Preview Options... Click to open the Preview Options dialog.
Import Options... Click to open the Import Options dialog.
Preview Click to preview the image.
Batch Click to place the import process in the batch queue.
55
Write Auxiliary Information provided by SHARP
Write Auxiliary Information provided by SHARP

In addition to the10 bits of AVHRR data present in every pixel, the SHARP format provides 3- or
6-bits of extra information in every 16-bit pixel. Three bits are used to identify significant
boundaries (coastlines, national borders, and a grid of major latitude and longitude intervals). In
the SHARP 2 format, the other 3 bits are used to provide an elementary classification of the data.
The classes are Land, Sea, Cloud, and Snow/Ice. You can control what happens to this extra
information in this dialog and you can direct the boundary information or the classification into a
separate thematic image file. You can also import the original 16 bit pixel into the image, although
such an image may not be as readily viewable.
This dialog opens when you click on the Auxiliary... button in the Import AVHRR (Sharp) dialog.
Store Boundary information into image: Specify a name for a thematic image to
hold the three bits that indicate the location of coastlines, national borders, and major latitude/
longitude intervals. This image will have the same corrections applied to it as the main output
image and it can be layered over the base image in the Viewer.
Store SHARP 2 Classification information into image: Specify a name for a

thematic image to hold the three-bit classification provided by the SHARP format. This image
will have the same corrections applied to it as the main output image and can be layered over
the base image in the Viewer.
Import full SHARP pixels, including auxiliary bits If you select this option, the
original 16-bit pixels (10 AVHRR bits and 6 Auxiliary SHARP bits) will be stored in the main
output image. The resulting image may be heavily distorted in the case of SHARP 2.
Normally, you will not want to select this option, and then only the AVHRR values will be seen
in the main output image.
OK Click to accept auxiliary information settings and close this dialog.

Cancel Click to cancel changes made to the auxiliary information settings and close this
dialog.
56
Import DAEDALUS
Import DAEDALUS
The Daedalus Importer loads Daedalus AMS and ABS sensor data from 8mm tapes. Sensor and
data parameters from the file header are reported to you on the Description tab sheet. You have
the options to perform radiometric calibration and/or geometric correction using the ephemeris
data associated with the file and user set parameters. These options are presented on the
Radiometry and Geometry tab sheets respectively.
Description
Platform: The Platform from which the Data were Acquired. This is a read-only field with
information provided by the file header.
Version: Version Number of the Acquired Data. This is a read-only field with information
provided by the file header.
Date/Time: The Date and Time the Data were Acquired. This is a read-only field with
File Number: Sequential Number of the Image on the Tape. This is a read-only field
indicating the current file position on the tape.
No. Channels: Number of Channels in the Input File. This is a read-only field with
Bit Depth: The Number of Bits Per Pixel. This is a read-only field with information
provided by the file header.
Field of View: The Angular Field of View of the Sensor. This is a read-only field with
Sample Interval: The Sample Interval of the Sensor. This is a read-only field with
Scan Speed: The Scan Speed of the Sensor. This is a read-only field with information
provided by the file header
Scan Line Width: Width of the Scan Lines in the Input File. This is a read-only field with
Scan Line Count: Number of Scan Lines in the Input File. This is a read-only field with
information provided by the user of from the scan line counting function.
No. Scan Lines: Number of Scan Lines in Input File. For these scanner sensors the
number of scan lines is not recorded on the tape. The user may enter the number of scan
lines from ancillary information, such as, a flight log. The user may also enter the number
of records or have the program count the number of scan lines.
57
Import DAEDALUS
No. Records: Number of Records in Input File. The user may enter the number of
records if that information is available. The number of scan lines will be computed
presented in the scan line count field.
Count Scan Lines in File Scan the Tape File and Count the Scan Lines. If the number
of scan lines or records is unknown to the user, the number of scan lines may be counted
by the program. This, however, may be a time consuming process and only be done if the
other information is unavailable.
Radiometry
Perform Thermal Calibration Flag to Perform or Not Perform the Thermal Calibration.
Clicking this checkbox will cause the thermal channels to be calibrated from raw DN
values to degrees C. using the blackbody values recorded in the scan line headers.
Values to Average: Number of Preceding Scan Lines to Average. This field specifies the
number of blackbody and/or reflective calibration values to average. These calibration
values are recorded in the scan line header and averaging diminishes data corruption due
to any calibration anomalies.
Perform Reflective Calibration Flag to Perform or Not Perform the Reflective

Calibration. Clicking this checkbox will cause the reflective channels to be calibrated from
raw DN values to radiance using the blackbody values recorded in the scan line headers
as well as gain and offset values provided by the user in the Daedalus Layer Configuration
information.
Load Load the Daedalus Layer Configuration from an ASCII File. This option loads a
previously saved Daedalus Configuration file into the current configuration table.
Save Save the Daedalus Layer Configuration to an ASCII File. This option saves the
current configuration table to a Daedalus Configuration file.
Save As Save the Daedalus Layer Configuration to a New ASCII File. This option saves
the current configuration table to a new Daedalus Configuration file.
Geometry
Perform Across-Track Correction Flag to Perform or Not Perform the Across-Track
Correction. Click this checkbox to perform across-track geometric correction. Across-track
distortions, also called S-Bend distortion, is the result on the angular field of view on the
sensor. The across-track correction uses the scanner height above ground level provided
by the user along with other sensor geometry parameters recorded by the sensor to
correct from an angular pixel geometry to a planimetric geometry.
Resample Technique: Resampling Technique to Use for Across-Track Correction. Each

corrected value is based on the pixel position relative to its adjacent pixels.
58
Import DAEDALUS
Nearest Neighbor Resampling Technique to Use for Across-Track Correction. The

interpolated value is acquired from the adjacent pixel to which the new pixel position
is nearest.
Linear Interpolation Resampling Technique to Use for Across-Track Correction. The

interpolated value is computed based on a weighted linear distance to the adjacent
pixels.
Perform Along-Track Correction Flag to Perform or Not Perform the Along-Track

Correction. Click this checkbox to perform along-track geometric correction. Along-track
distortions, also called Velocity/Height or V/H distortion, is the result of slight pixel overlap
from scan line to scan line. This is intentionally introduced in the scanning process to
insure continuous coverage in the scanning process.
Aircraft Ground Velocity: The Ground Velocity of the Aircraft. This field must be filled
in by the user to perform the along-track geometric correction process. This information
should be available to the user in the flight log or other ancillary information.
Knots The Units of the Ground Velocity. Select this popup option if the Aircraft
Ground Velocity units are knots.
Miles/Hour The Units of the Ground Velocity. Select this popup option if the Aircraft
Ground Velocity units are in miles / hour.
Feet/Second The Units of the Ground Velocity. Select this popup option if the Aircraft
ground Velocity units are in feet / second.
Scanner Height Above Ground Level: The Height of the scanner above ground level
(AGL). This field must be filled in y the user to perform either geometric correction
process. This information should be available to the user in the flight log or other ancillary
information.
Feet The units of the Above ground Level. Select this popup option if the Above
ground Level units are in feet.
Meters The units of the Above ground Level. Select this popup option if the Above
ground Level units are in Meters.
Position to File Number: Enter the image number that you wish to import from the tape
then click the Apply button.
Apply Click this button to skip to the Specified image number on the tape.
Import Click to import the image and close this dialog.
59
Import DAEDALUS
Import Options... Click to display the Import Options dialog.
Preview Options... Click to display the Preview Options dialog.
Close Click to close the Import Daedalus dialog.
Help Click this button to display this file in a help viewer.
60
Import DEM Data
Import DEM Data

This dialog enables you to import DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data in ASCII format from the
U. S. Geological Survey (USGS). To open this dialog, select DEM as the Type in the Import/
Export dialog.
Image Information: This group displays the following information about the selected
input file:
File Name: Shows the name of the selected input file.
Coord. System: Shows the map projection used for this data.
Rewind Click to rewind the tape.
Next Click to select the next file on the tape.
Image Extent: This group shows the boundaries of the image.

North: The bounding latitude of the north side of the selected Distribution Rectangle is
South: The bounding latitude of the south side of the selected file is reported in degrees,
minutes, seconds.
West: The bounding longitude of the west side of the selected file is reported in degrees,
minutes, seconds.
East: The bounding longitude of the east side of the selected file is reported in degrees,
minutes, seconds.
will open in the upper left corner of the screen, indicating the status of the Preview function.
When the Job State is Done, a Viewer will automatically display the preview image and the
progress meter will close.
61
Import DEM Data

Interface manual.
➲ For more information on DEM data, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources” chapter in the
ERDAS Field Guide.
➲ See the Import/Export section of the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual for step-by-step
instructions on how to import and export a variety of data types.
62
Export Digital Elevation Models
Export Digital Elevation Models

This dialog enables you to export an .img file into one of the USGS’s Digital Elevation Models
(DEM). It is opened when, in the Import/Export dialog, you click Export, then select DEM for
the Type, specify an input and output file, and then click OK.
DEM Type: Click on the popup list to choose the type of DEM you wish to use.
7.5 Minute The 7.5 minute DEM is the only model allowed for images in the UTM
projection. It takes elevation measurements spaced at 30 meters.
30 Minute The 30 minute DEM requires a Geographic (Lat/Lon) projection, typically for
latitudes below 50 degrees North, and covers a 15 minute-by-15 minute block.
1 Degree The 1 degree DEM requires a Geographic (Lat/Lon) projection, typically for
latitudes below 50 degrees North, and covers a 1 degree-by-l degree block.
Alaska 15 Minute The 15 minute Alaska DEM requires a Geographic (Lat/Lon)

projection, typically for latitudes above 50 degrees North. The height of the DEM is 15
minutes, but the width varies depending upon the actual latitude.
Alaska 7.5 Minute The 7.5 minute Alaska DEM requires a Geographic (Lat/Lon)
projection, typically for latitudes above 50 degrees North. The height of the DEM is 7.5
minutes, but the width varies depending upon the actual latitude.
Input Layer: Enter the number of the layer to be exported.
OK Click to export the image.
Batch Click to place the export process into the Batch Wizard.
Header Info... Click to display the Header Info dialog.
63
DEM Header Information

This dialog enables you to enter additional information into the DEM header records. You must
have access to information about the processes used to produce and validate the DEM so that
you can fill in all of the header fields correctly. This dialog is opened when you click the Header
Info... button in the Export DEM dialog.
Identification Click this file tab to input the basic identification data for the DEM.
File Name: Enter the authorized DEM quadrangle name (no more than 40 characters).
Free Format Text: Enter the free format descriptor (no more than 40 characters). The
type of information entered would relate to digital processes, such as the digitizing
instrument, photo codes, slot widths, etc.
Filler Text: If desired, enter an additional free format descriptor (no more than 29
characters).
Sectional Indicator: Identify the 15'x15' section within a 30'x60' map sheet (30-minute
DEMs only). It is formatted as Xnn, where X is “F” for a 15-minute section. nn is a
two-digit sequence number.
Mapping Center Origin Code: Identify the mapping center that is producing this DEM.
For example: MAC, EMC, WMC, MCMC, RMMC, FS, GPM2, BLM, CONT (contractor),
XX (state postal code).
Elevation Pattern: Indicates a pattern for this DEM. Almost all DEMs have a regular
pattern, but a value of “Random” is available, although it is reserved for future use.
Regular Choose the pattern of this DEM.
Random Choose the pattern of this DEM. The random pattern is reserved for future
use.
User-specified Click to enter a new value for the standard DEM value.
☞ This will give you access to the specific number to be stored in the DEM header. This
feature should be used with caution.
Planimetric Units: Indicate the units for all of the ground distances (horizontal
coordinates) that you will specify in these header fields. An exception are the contour
interval fields, which have their own units specifiers.
Feet Choose the units for horizontal (ground) coordinates.
Meters Choose the units for horizontal (ground) coordinates.
64
Elevation Units: Indicate the units for the elevation values (vertical coordinates) in this
DEM.
Feet Choose the units for vertical (elevation) coordinates.
Meters Choose the units for vertical (elevation) coordinates.
User-specified Click to enter a new value for the standard DEM vertical elevation
coordinates.
Data Edition: This field is primarily for DMA use with a range of 01-99. Choose 01 for
USGS use.
Source Click this file tab to input data about the source image from which this DEM was
produced.
Largest Primary Contour Interval: If this DEM was derived from a Digital Line Graph
(DLG) and more than one contour interval existed in that DLG, then enter the largest
contour interval here.
Units: Select the units (none, feet, or meters) of largest primary contour interval.
Smallest Primary Contour Interval: If this DEM was derived from a Digital Line Graph
(DLG), enter the smallest (or only) contour interval present in the DLG.
Units: Select the units (none, feet, or meters) of smallest primary contour interval.
Data Source Date: Enter the date of the source measurements in the format YYMM,
where YY is the 2-digit year and MM is the two-digit month (01-12). Enter 00 for MM if only
the year is known.
Data Inspection/Revision Date: Enter the date that the data was last inspected or
revised in the format YYMM, where YY is the 2-digit year and MM is the two-digit month
(01-12). Enter 00 for MM if only the year is known.
I/R Flag Choose (I) for Inspection or (R) for Revision.
Process Code: Specify the process used to produce this DEM.
None No process was used to produce this DEM.
RESAMPLE - Autocorrelation Choose the process used to produce this DEM.
GRIDEM - Manual Profile Choose the process used to produce this DEM.
65
CTOG - DLG/Hypsography Choose the process used to produce this DEM.
DCASS - Contour Interpolation Choose the process used to produce this DEM.
LINETRACE - DLG/Hypsography Choose the process used to produce this DEM.
CPS-3, ANUDEM, GRASS Choose the process used to produce this DEM.
Electronic Imaging Choose the process used to produce this DEM.
User-specified Click to enter a new value for the standard DEM process code.
Suspect Areas in Image? Indicate the existence of any suspect areas in the image.
None Present Select to indicate that there are no suspect areas in the image.
Some Present Select to indicate that suspect areas exist in the image.
Void pixels range from Specify the range of values that should be recognized and
encoded as void pixels in the DEM produced.
to Specify the highest input pixel values that should be treated as void.
Vertical Datum: Choose the vertical datum to which the elevations are referenced, then
choose the numeric code.
None There are no vertical datum to which the elevations are referenced.
Local Mean Sea Level Choose the vertical datum to which the elevations are
referenced.
NGVD 29 Choose the vertical datum to which the elevations are referenced.
NAVD 88 Choose the vertical datum to which the elevations are referenced.
User-specified Click to enter a new value for the standard DEM value for the vertical
datum to which the elevations are referenced.
Vertical Datum Shift: The average value of shift for the four quadrangle corners, as
specified by VERTCON.
Quality Click this file tab to input the quality data for the DEM.
66
DEM Level Code: Choose the DEM level of this map sheet.
DEM-1 Choose the DEM level of this map sheet.
User-specified Click to enter a new value for the standard DEM level of this map
sheet.
Data Validation Performed: Choose which validations were performed on the data.
None No validations were performed on the data.
TESDEM (no DES) Choose which validations were performed on the data.
WBE/TESDEM Choose which validations were performed on the data.
DES/WBE (no TESDEM) Choose which validations were performed on the data.
DES level 1 Choose which validations were performed on the data.
DES/TESDEM levels 2/3 Choose which validations were performed on the data.
User-specified Click to enter a new value for the standard validations to be

performed on the data.
Edge Matching (West): Modern DEMs have edge matching performed in order to avoid
noticeable breaks between adjacent DEM quadrangles in the same project. Specify
whether the western edge was matched to the adjacent quadrangle, then enter the
numeric code.
None No edge matching was performed.
Edge Checked and Joined The edge of this DEM was compared with its neighbor
and adjusted accordingly.
Incompatible Source The neighboring DEM has a different horizontal or vertical

datum, making matching impossible.
67
Edge External to Project There is no neighboring DEM within this project.
Vertical Units Not Compatible The neighboring DEM was measured in different
units.
Edge Matching (North): Modern DEMs have edge matching performed in order to avoid
whether the northern edge was matched to the adjacent quadrangle, then enter the
numeric code.

units.
Edge Matching (East): Modern DEMs have edge matching performed in order to avoid
whether the eastern edge was matched to the adjacent quadrangle, then enter the
numeric code.

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units.
Edge Matching (South): Modern DEMs have edge matching performed in order to
avoid noticeable breaks between adjacent DEM quadrangles in the same project. Specify
whether the southern edge was matched to the adjacent quadrangle, then enter the
numeric code.

units.
Accuracy Click this file tab to input the accuracy data for the DEM.
Specify File Datum Accuracy Specify the accuracy of the file’s datum in relation to the
absolute datum, as expressed in terms of a root mean squared error (RMSE) value.
RMSE (X): Root mean squared error of file’sdatum relative to absolute datum
(x).
RMSE (Y): Root mean squared error of file’sdatum relative to absolute datum
(y).
RMSE (Z): Root mean squared error of file’sdatum relative to absolute datum
(z).
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Sample Size (0=estimated): The number of points used to compute the RMSE of
the file’s datum relative to the absolute datum. If the accuracy is estimated rather than
computed, specify 0.
Specify File Datum Accuracy Specify the accuracy of the DEM data in relation to the
file’s datum, as expressed in terms of a root mean squared error (RMSE) value.
RMSE (X): Root mean squared error of file’sdatum relative to absolute datum
(x).
RMSE (Y): Root mean squared error of file’sdatum relative to absolute datum
(y).
RMSE (Z): Root mean squared error of file’sdatum relative to absolute datum
(z).
Sample Size (0=estimated): The number of points used to compute the RMSE of
the DEM data relative to the file’s datum. If the accuracy is estimated rather than
computed, specify 0.
OK Click to accept all header information.
Cancel Click to cancel any updated information and close this dialog.
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Import DFAD
Import DFAD
This dialog enables you to import DFAD data into ERDAS IMAGINE. DFAD is Defense Mapping
Agency data used to transfer weapons systems simulator data. You can import levels 1, 2, 1-C,
and 3-C. Each DFAD file contains a number of manuscripts that are each converted to a
separate coverage. The output coverages will be named using the prefix DS followed by a
number. The numbers will increment sequentially to indicate the order the manuscripts appear
in the DFAD file.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type as DFAD from the Import/Export dialog. In
the Import/Export dialog, you must enter the name of the file to convert, the new output file name,
and then click OK.
Import the DFAD file now... Click to import the DFAD file into ERDAS IMAGINE.
Create a batch job... Click to include this function in a batch file.

Interface manual.
71
Export DFAD
Export DFAD
This dialog enables you to export ERDAS IMAGINE vector layers to DFAD format. These layers
must all reside in the same workspace and must have been imported into ERDAS IMAGINE
using the DFAD import option. They must all have a common prefix. All coverages in the
specified workspace are written to a single DFAD file.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type DFAD from the Import/Export dialog. In the
Import/Export dialog, you must enter the name of the workspace to convert, the new output file
name, and then click OK.
Export the workspace now... Click to export the whole workspace to a single DFAD
file.
Create a batch job... Click to include this function in a batch file.

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72
Import DLG
Import DLG
This dialog allows you to import USGS DLG (Digital Line Graph) data in standard and optional
format. The output file will be an ERDAS IMAGINE vector layer.
i DLG files may not contain record delimiters. If you encounter a “Premature E-O-F” error while
importing DLG files, use one of the following UNIX commands to delimit the file records:
Standard format:
dd if=inputfilename of=outputfilename ibs=8064 cbs=144 conv=unblock
Optional format:
dd if=inputfilename of=outputfilename ibs=8000 cbs=80 conv=unblock
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type DLG from the Import/Export dialog. In the
Import/Export dialog, you must enter the media type, the name of the file to convert, the new
output file name, and then Click OK.
☞ DLG topology is not maintained when the file is imported into ERDAS IMAGINE. You may run
Build Vector Layer Topology or Clean Vector Layer to establish topology after importing.

Output Point Coverage Click this check box to also create a DLG point coverage. If
this option is selected, you must enter the output file name of the new point coverage in the
file name part below, otherwise the file name part is disabled.
This point coverage will consist of degenerate lines (lines with 0 length).
Point Coverage: Use this file name part to enter the name of the output point coverage
if the Output Point Coverage check box is turned on.
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Import DLG
Specify DLG Category Click to indicate which category of data to convert (e.g.,
Hydrography). DLG files normally contain only one category of data, however some files
contain more than one type and can be converted into more than one vector layer.
You can determine how many categories are in the file by using the Data View option in the
Import/Export dialog.
Category: Indicate the category to convert. Only that category will be converted. If no
category is specified, then only the first category in the file will be converted.
Format: Select the format of the DLG data to import by selecting one of the following
options. Selecting the wrong format will cause the conversion to fail.
Optional The DLG data that you are importing is in optional format (80 bytes per record).
Standard The DLG data that you are importing is in standard format (144 bytes per
record).
Shift: Enter a value to shift the data in the X and/or Y direction. The default is 0 shift.
X: Enter a value to shift all X coordinates during conversion.
Y: Enter a value to shift all Y coordinates during conversion.
Data Retrieved: Select which data to import using the following options.
No First Record Import all data except the first record.
All Records Import all data.
Attributed Records Import only the features that have attributes associated with them
in the form of major/minor codes.

➲ For more information on the DLG file format, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
chapter in the ERDAS Field Guide.
Interface manual.
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Export to DLG
Export to DLG
This dialog allows you to export an ERDAS IMAGINE vector layer to USGS DLG-3 (Digital Line
Graph) optional format.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type DLG from the Import/Export dialog. In the
Optional Input Point Coverage Click this check box to also convert an input DLG
point coverage. If you do want to convert a point coverage, you must specify the input file
name in the file name part, otherwise the file name part is disabled.
Optional Input Projection File Click this check box to also convert an input DLG
projection file. If you do want to convert a projection file, you must specify the input file name
in the file name part, otherwise the file name part is disabled.
Optional Input Header File Click this check box to also convert an input DLG header
file. If you do want to convert a header file, you must specify the input file name in the file
name part, otherwise the file name part is disabled.
X and Y Shift: Specify the values to be added to all vector layer X and Y coordinates
during the conversion to DLG.
X: Enter the X coordinate shift value.
Y: Enter the Y coordinate shift value.
Space Compress Specify whether space compression should be done.
Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog .

➲ For more information on the DLG file format, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
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Import Digital Ortho Quad

This dialog enables you to import Digital Ortho Quads (DOQs) into ERDAS IMAGINE. A digital
orthophoto is created using a scanned aerial photograph, camera calibration and orientation
parameters, a DEM, and ground control points. DOQs are either 1-meter resolution, 3.75-minute
quarter-quadrangles or 2-meter resolution, 7.5-minute quadrangles.
A standard, uncompressed digital orthophoto file contains four ASCII header records and a
series of 8-bit binary image data records. DOQs are gray scale images with data file values
ranging from 0 to 255. The header data contains information about the accuracy of the data, the
DEM and aerial photograph used to create the orthophoto, and other descriptive information.
☞ You cannot import compressed DOQs into ERDAS IMAGINE.

This dialog is opened when you select the file Type as Digital Ortho Quad from the Import/
Export dialog. In the Import/Export dialog, you must enter the name of the file to convert, the
new output file name, and then left-click OK.
Input File: The name of the file to import is reported.
Output File: The name of the new .img file is reported.
Use Filename from Header Changes the output filename to a more descriptive name.
No. of Rows: The number of rows in the input file is listed.
No. of Cols: The number of columns in the input file is listed.
No. of Bands: The number of bands in the input file is listed.
OK Click to import the current image and close this dialog.

Preview Options ... Click to display the Preview Options dialog. This option is only
available for single band binary DOQs.
Import Options ... Click to display the Import Options dialog. This option is only
available for single band binary DOQs.
will display in the upper left corner of the screen, indicating the status of the Preview function.
When the Job State is done, a Viewer will automatically display the preview image. This
option is only available for single band binary DOQs.
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Interface manual.
➲ For more information about Digital Ortho Quads, see Standards for Digital Orthophotos,
produced by the U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, National Mapping
Division.
77
Import JPEG Compressed-DOQ Files
Import JPEG Compressed-DOQ Files

This dialog enables you to import a JPEG-Compressed Digital Ortho Quads (DOQ) file into
ERDAS IMAGINE format. This dialog is opened when you click OK in the Import/Export dialog
after selecting the Type DOQ (JPEG).
Input File: Displays the name of the JPEG-Compressed file to import.
DOQ Header: Displays the name of the DOQ header file associated with the compressed
input file. If there is no header file available, the importing process will proceed without header
information.
DOQ Header File: Click to display the filename chooser for the DOQ header file.
Output File: Displays the output .img file.
No. of Rows: Displays the number of rows in the input file.
No. of Cols: Displays the number of columns in the input file.
No. of Bands: Displays the number of bands in the input file.
OK Click to import the current image.
Import Options ... Click to display the Import Options dialog.

Help Click to display this on-line help file.
Batch Click to place the import process in the Batch Queue.

➲ For more information about Digital Ortho Quads, see Standards for Digital Orthophotos,
produced by the U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, National Mapping
Division.
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Export Digital Ortho Quad

This dialog enables you to export an .img file to a Digital Ortho Quad. You must have access to
information about the DEM and aerial photograph used to create the digital orthophoto so that
you can fill in all of the header fields correctly.
This dialog opens when you click Export, and then select Digital Ortho Quad as the Type in
the Import/Export dialog. Then click OK.
(CellArray) The map sheet CellArray lists the Lat/Lon coordinates of the corners of all of
the quadrangles or quarter quadrangles contained within the input image. Only the currently
selected row (indicated by the “>”) will be exported.
Map Size: Click on this popup list to specify the size of the digital orthophoto quadrangle.
3.75 Minutes Select this option if you are exporting a 3.75-minute quarter-quadrangle.
7.5 Minutes Select this option if you are exporting a 7.5-minute quadrangle.
Input Layer: Select the layer from the input image to be exported.
Secondary Datum: Click on this popup list to specify the secondary datum. This is the
principle past horizontal datum for that area.
NAD 27 The secondary datum is NAD27.
Puerto Rico The secondary datum is Puerto Rico.
Old Hawaii The secondary datum is Old Hawaii.
OK Click to export the .img file to DOQ format and close this dialog.
If you have not completely filled in all header information, you will get a warning message
listing the fields that were not completed. At that point you can choose whether or not to
export the data.
Header Info... Click to enter additional header information. The DOQ Header
Information dialog is opened.
Batch Click to add this process a batch file.
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Interface manual.
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DOQ Header Information

This dialog enables you to enter additional information into a DOQ header file. If you will be
working with many files of the same area, you can enter much of this information into the
exportdoq category of the Preference Editor. The information in the Preference Editor will then
be used as the default values in this dialog.
This dialog opens when you click the Header Info... button in the Export Digital Ortho Quad
dialog.
Quadrangle Name: Enter the 7.5-minute map name.
Nation 1: Enter the primary nation of the source image.
State 1: Enter the primary state of the source image using its two-letter abbreviation (e.g.,
GA for Georgia, MN for Minnesota, etc.).
County 1: Enter the code of the primary county of the source image.
Descriptive Text: Enter additional descriptive information about the quadrangle.
Producer Code: Enter the production mapping center code. This number identifies the
mapping center responsible for creating the digital orthophoto.
Production Date: Enter the production date of the orthophoto. The default is the current
date.
Production System: Enter the hardware and software systems used to create the
digital orthophoto.
Horiz. Accuracy: Enter the horizontal accuracy of the digital orthophoto as determined
by comparison with data of higher-order accuracy. This number is expressed as a root mean
squared error of image control points in the units specified to the right of this number.
# Test Points: Enter the number of test points used to compute Horizontal Accuracy. The
minimum acceptable number is four, but is normally at least nine.
OK Left-click to accept all header information and close this dialog.
Add’l States/Counties... Click to enter additional nation, state, and county information
into the header. The Additional Nations, States and Counties dialog is opened.
Cancel Click to close this dialog.
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Additional Nations, States and Counties
Additional Nations, States and Counties

This dialog enables you to enter additional nation, state, and county information into a DOQ
header. It is normally used only if the quadrangle covers more than one country or state. It opens
when you left-click the Add’l States/Counties... button in the DOQ Header Information dialog.
Nation 2: Enter the secondary nation of the source image.
(CellArray) Use this CellArray to enter additional state and county information.
OK Click to accept all header information and close this dialog.

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83
Source DEM Information

This dialog enables you to enter information about the DEM (Digital Elevation Model) file used
to create the digital orthophoto. Some of this information can be filled in automatically by clicking
the DEM File button and selecting the DEM file that was used to create the orthophoto.
This dialog opens when you click OK in the DOQ Header Information dialog.
Elevation Units: Click on this popup list to enter the elevation units of the DEM.
Min. Elevation: Enter the minimum elevation of the DEM source.
Max. Elevation: Enter the maximum elevation of the DEM source.
Resolution: X Enter the X coordinate resolution of the DEM data.
Y Enter the Y coordinate resolution of the DEM data.
Z Enter the Z coordinate resolution of the DEM data.
Vertical Accuracy: Specify the root mean squared error of source DEM.
Suspect/Void Areas: Click on this popup list to indicate whether the source DEM
contains any suspect or void areas.
Largest Primary Contour Interval: Enter the largest primary contour interval if the
DEM was derived from a hypsography DLG and the DLG contained two or more primary
contour intervals. Enter 0 (zero) otherwise.
Units: Click on this popup list to specify the units of the contour intervals.
Smallest Primary Contour Interval: Enter the smallest primary contour interval if
the DEM was derived from a hypsography DLG and the DLG contained two or more primary
contour intervals. Enter 0 (zero) otherwise.
Units: Click on this popup list to specify the units of the contour intervals.
OK Click to accept DEM header information and close this dialog.
DEM File... Click to identify the DEM file used to create the orthophoto you are exporting.
Selecting this option will fill in some of the information in this dialog automatically. The DEM
File dialog is opened.
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DEM File
DEM File
This dialog enables you to specify the name of the DEM file that was used to generate the digital
orthophoto. This will automatically fill in many of the fields in the Source DEM Information dialog.
This dialog opens when you left-click the DEM File... button in the Source DEM Information
dialog.
File Name: Enter the name of the DEM that was used to create the digital orthophoto you
are exporting.
OK Click to automatically enter information about the selected file into the Source DEM
Information dialog box and close this dialog.
Cancel Click to cancel this process and close this dialog .

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Source Photo Information

This dialog enables you to enter information about the aerial photograph used to create the
digital orthophoto that you are exporting.
This dialog opens when you click OK in the Source DEM Information dialog.
Photo ID: Enter the film ID #, agency ID, roll, and exposure # of the photograph.
Film Type: Enter the manufacturer and ID of the film type.
Photo Date: Enter the date the source photograph was acquired. This defaults to the
current date.
# Mosaicked Images: Number of chips composing the image.
Leaf Off Status Click if the photograph was taken in the “leaf off” period. This option
should be left blank for Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the western United States.
Focal Length: Enter the focal length of the camera in millimeters.
Flying Height Enter the nominal flying height (average height above the terrain) of the
aircraft while the photograph was taken (in elevation units).
Scanner Type: Enter the manufacturer, model #, etc., of the scanner used to take the
photograph. This field can be left blank if the photograph was acquired directly in digital
format.
Scanning Resolution X: Enter the aperture resolution in the X direction in microns.

Enter 0 (zero) if the photograph was acquired directly in digital format.
Y: Enter the aperture resolution in the Y direction in microns. Enter 0 (zero) if the
photograph was acquired directly in digital format.
Sampling Resolution X: Enter the scanner sampling resolution in the X direction in

microns. Enter 0 (zero) if the photograph was acquired directly in digital format.
Y: Enter the scanner sampling resolution in the Y direction in microns. Enter 0 (zero) if the
photograph was acquired directly in digital format.
OK Click to accept the source photograph header information and close this dialog.
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Import DTED Data
Import DTED Data

This dialog enables you to import DTED (Digital Terrain Elevation Data). To reach this dialog,
select Import, and then DTED as the Type in the Import/Export dialog.
Image Information: This group displays the following information about the selected
input file:
File Name: Shows the name of the selected input file.
Reference Number: Shows the DTED reference number of the selected input file.
Creation Date: Shows the creation date of the selected input file.
(File Number) Shows the current file number.
Rewind Click to rewind the tape.
Next Click to skip to the next DEM file.
DTED Files: Shows the DTED files on the tape.
Reference Number: Shows the DTED unique reference number for this tape.
Image Extent: This group shows the boundaries of the image.

North: The bounding latitude of the north side of the selected file is reported in degrees,
minutes, seconds.
South: The bounding latitude of the south side of the selected file is reported in degrees,
minutes, seconds.
West: The bounding longitude of the west side of the selected file is reported in degrees,
minutes, seconds.
East: The bounding longitude of the east side of the selected file is reported in degrees,
minutes, seconds.
OK Click to use the options selected and close this dialog.
Close Click to close this dialog
Preview Options ... Click to open the Preview Options dialog.
Import Options ... Click to open the Import Options dialog.
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Import DTED Data
When the Job State is done, a Viewer will automatically display the preview image.
Help Click to view this On-Line Help document.

Interface manual.
➲ For more information on DTED data, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources” chapter in
90
Import DXF
Import DXF
This dialog allows you to import AutoCAD DXF (Drawing Interchange File) format data. The DXF
data can be in ASCII or binary form. The binary file is the optional format for AutoCAD Release
10 and 11. The output file will be an ERDAS IMAGINE vector layer.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type DXF from the Import/Export dialog. In the
output file name, and then Click OK.
☞ You may run Build Vector Layer Topology or Clean Vector Layer to establish topology
after importing.
i (PC Only) ERDAS IMAGINE can work with three different versions of Arc/Info coverages (PC
pre-3.5, PC 3.5 and plus, and UNIX coverages). To avoid confusion, do not mix them in the
same workspace.
When running Vector Utility programs or Vector Importers that generate output coverage(s)
(such as Clean, Mosaic, Import DXF), do not write the output coverages into a PC pre-3.5
workspace, because the output are UNIX coverages.
If such a mixture occurs, copy (use Copy Vector Layer utility) the UNIX coverages to a proper
workspace, then rename the arc.dir file in the info directory of the original workspace to an
arbitrary name like junk.dir to repair the workspace.
How to recognize different versions of coverages:

1. PC 3.5 and plus coverage: It contains files with the .dbf extension.
2. UNIX coverages: The info directory contains a file named arc.dir (version 7.x) or arcdr9
(version pre-7.0), or it contains files with the .adf extension (version 7.x).
3. PC Pre-3.5 coverages: The info directory contains a file named arc.dr9
This importer also creates two INFO tables which contain important attribute information;
{OUTCOVER}.ACODE and {OUTCOVER}.XCODE.
The ACODE table contains ARC attributes which can be merged with the AAT table using
{OUTCOVER}-ID as the key.
The XCODE table contains point attributes which can be merged with the PAT table (Point
Attribute Table) using {OUTCOVER}-ID as the key.
DXF Text Width: Enter the maximum length for the DXF-TEXT item. The valid range is
0 to 255. The default is 40.
DXF Attribute Width: Enter the maximum length for the DXF-ATTRIB item. The valid
range is 0 to 255. The default is 16.
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Import DXF
Specify Layers and Their Entities To Import: Define the layers and their entities
that you want to import. The default is to import all layers and all entities (except for blocks).
Currently Selected Layers: Lists all layers specified by the user to import. You can add
layers to or delete layers from the list.
$REST This means to select the rest of the layers for import. This will always be on
the list. You cannot delete it. If you do not want to import the rest of the layers, you can
change its entities to NONE.
Enter the Layer Name to Add: Add a layer to the current list of layers to be imported.
Delete A Layer from the List Click delete the highlighted layer from the scroll list.
The Layer’s Entities: You can specify the entities to be imported for the highlighted layer
on the scroll list. The currently selected entities are highlighted on the check boxes.
ALL (but blocks) All entities except BLOCKS will be converted. This is the default
option.
ARCS Converts entities to create lines. DXF entity types which can be converted to
lines include Line, 3Dline, Trace, Solid, 3Dface, Circle, Arc, and Polyline.
POINTS Converts point entities (Point, Shape) from the input layer.
TEXTPOINT Converts text (Text) entities from the input layer into point features in
the output layer.
ATPOINT Converts Attribute entities from the input layer to points in the output layer.
INSERTS Converts Inserts in the input layer to points in the output layer.
BLOCKS Performs the equivalent of exploding blocks for all points, lines, or multi-
point lines. Text entities contained within blocks will be converted if TEXTPOINT is
selected above. Attributes will be converted if ATPOINT is selected. Inserts will not be
converted as point features.
NONE Do not process this layer.
DXF Info... Click this button to display a summary of the layers, elements, attributes, etc.
contained in the .dxf file. A progress meter is displayed while the summary is compiled, and
then a text editor is opened with the summary file. This file may be edited and/or saved and
printed.
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Import DXF

If you opt to use a batch job to process the DXF file, the program will import all layers and all
entities except blocks. This is because the options other than “$REST ALL” cannot be
retained if batch is used.

➲ For more information on the DXF file format, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
Interface manual.
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Import DXF To Annotation
Import DXF To Annotation

This dialog enables you to import AutoCAD DXF (Drawing Interchange File) format data. The
DXF data can be in ASCII or binary form. The output file will be an ERDAS IMAGINE annotation
file.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type: DXF To Annotation from the Import/
Export dialog. In the Import/Export dialog, you must enter the media type, the name of the file
to convert, the new output file name, and then click OK.
(CellArray) The CellArray contains one row for each layer encountered in the DXF file.
You have the option of importing all entities from a particular layer, none, or selected
combinations of points, lines, arcs, solids, text, and inserts. Click inside a cell to toggle an
option on or off. ON is indicated by an “x” in the cell, OFF by an empty cell.
Map Info... Click to set the map information for the output .ovr file. The Set Map
Information dialog opens.

If you opt to use a batch job to process the DXF file, the program will import all layers and all
entities except blocks. This is because the options other than “$REST ALL” cannot be
retained if batch is used.

➲ For more information on DXF color numbers, see DXF Colortable.
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DXF Colortable
DXF Colortable
When exporting an OVR file to DXF, the exporter finds the color in the list below that is closest
to the color of the annotation element, and gives the exported entity that color number.
DXF Color Number Red Green Blue
1 255 0 0
2 255 255 0
3 0 255 0
4 0 255 255
5 0 0 255
6 255 0 255
7 255 255 255
8 128 128 128
9 192 192 192
10 255 0 0
11 255 127 127
12 165 0 0
13 165 82 82
14 127 0 0
15 127 63 63
16 76 0 0
17 76 38 38
18 38 0 0
19 38 19 19
20 255 63 0
21 255 159 127
22 165 41 0
23 165 103 82
24 127 31 0
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DXF Colortable
25 127 79 63
26 76 19 0
27 76 47 38
28 38 9 0
29 38 23 19
30 255 127 0
31 255 191 127
32 165 82 0
33 165 124 82
34 127 63 0
35 127 95 63
36 76 38 0
37 76 57 38
38 38 19 0
39 38 28 19
40 255 191 0
41 255 223 127
42 165 124 0
43 165 145 82
44 127 95 0
45 127 111 63
46 76 57 0
47 76 66 38
48 38 28 0
49 38 33 19
50 255 255 0
51 255 255 127
52 165 165 0
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DXF Colortable
53 165 165 82
54 127 127 0
55 127 127 63
56 76 76 0
57 76 76 38
58 38 38 0
59 38 38 19
60 191 255 0
61 223 255 127
62 124 165 0
63 145 165 82
64 95 127 0
65 111 127 63
66 57 76 0
67 66 76 38
68 28 38 0
69 33 38 19
70 127 255 0
71 191 255 127
72 82 165 0
73 124 165 82
74 63 127 0
75 95 127 63
76 38 76 0
77 57 76 38
78 19 38 0
79 28 38 19
80 63 255 0
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DXF Colortable
81 159 255 127
82 41 165 0
83 103 165 82
84 31 127 0
85 79 127 63
86 19 76 0
87 47 76 38
88 9 38 0
89 23 38 19
90 0 255 0
91 127 255 127
92 0 165 0
93 82 165 82
94 0 127 0
95 63 127 63
96 0 76 0
97 38 76 38
98 0 38 0
99 19 38 19
100 0 255 63
101 127 255 159
102 0 165 41
103 82 165 103
104 0 127 31
105 63 127 79
106 0 76 19
107 38 76 47
108 0 38 9
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DXF Colortable
109 19 38 23
110 0 255 127
111 127 255 191
112 0 165 82
113 82 165 124
114 0 127 63
115 63 127 95
116 0 76 38
117 38 76 57
118 0 38 19
119 19 38 28
120 0 255 191
121 127 255 223
122 0 165 124
123 82 165 145
124 0 127 95
125 63 127 111
126 0 76 57
127 38 76 66
128 0 38 28
129 19 38 33
130 0 255 255
131 127 255 255
132 0 165 165
133 82 165 165
134 0 127 127
135 63 127 127
136 0 76 76
99
DXF Colortable
137 38 76 76
138 0 38 38
139 19 38 38
140 0 191 255
141 127 223 255
142 0 124 165
143 82 145 165
144 0 95 127
145 63 111 127
146 0 57 76
147 38 66 76
148 0 28 38
149 19 33 38
150 0 127 255
151 127 191 255
152 0 82 165
153 82 124 165
154 0 63 127
155 63 95 127
156 0 38 76
157 38 57 76
158 0 19 38
159 19 28 38
160 0 63 255
161 127 159 255
162 0 41 165
163 82 103 165
164 0 31 127
100
DXF Colortable
165 63 79 127
166 0 19 76
167 38 47 76
168 0 9 38
169 19 23 38
170 0 0 255
171 127 127 255
172 0 0 165
173 82 82 165
174 0 0 127
175 63 63 127
176 0 0 76
177 38 38 76
178 0 0 38
179 19 19 38
180 63 0 255
181 159 127 255
182 41 0 165
183 103 82 165
184 31 0 127
185 79 63 127
186 19 0 76
187 47 38 76
188 9 0 38
189 23 19 38
190 127 0 255
191 191 127 255
192 82 0 165
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DXF Colortable
193 124 82 165
194 63 0 127
195 95 63 127
196 38 0 76
197 57 38 76
198 19 0 38
199 28 19 38
200 191 0 255
201 223 127 255
202 124 0 165
203 145 82 165
204 95 0 127
205 111 63 127
206 57 0 76
207 66 38 76
208 28 0 38
209 33 19 38
210 255 0 255
211 255 127 255
212 165 0 165
213 165 82 165
214 127 0 127
215 127 63 127
216 76 0 76
217 76 38 76
218 38 0 38
219 38 19 38
220 255 0 191
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DXF Colortable
221 255 127 223
222 165 0 124
223 165 82 145
224 127 0 95
225 127 63 111
226 76 0 57
227 76 38 66
228 38 0 28
229 38 19 33
230 255 0 127
231 255 127 191
232 165 0 82
233 165 82 124
234 127 0 63
235 127 63 95
236 76 0 38
237 76 38 57
238 38 0 19
239 38 19 28
240 255 0 63
241 255 127 159
242 165 0 41
243 165 82 103
244 127 0 31
245 127 63 79
246 76 0 19
247 76 38 47
248 38 0 9
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DXF Colortable
249 38 19 23
250 84 84 84
251 118 118 118
252 160 160 160
253 192 192 192
254 224 224 224
255 0 0 0
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Set Map Information
Set Map Information

This dialog enables you to specify the projection and projection units for a DXF that you are
importing into IMAGINE. It opens when you click Map Info... in the Import DXF to Annotation
dialog.
Projection: Click on this popup list to select the name of the projection.
Units: Click on this popup list to select the units for the map information.
Cancel Click to cancel any changes to the map information and close this dialog.
OK Click to use the new map information.

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Export to DXF
Export to DXF
This dialog allows you to export an ERDAS IMAGINE vector layer to AutoCAD DXF (Drawing
Interchange File) format.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type DXF from the Import/Export dialog. In the
Import/Export dialog, you must enter the media type, the output file name, and then click OK. If
you specify an input file name in the Import/Export dialog, then that name is used for the input
line coverage. You do not have to specify an input file name in that dialog. You can just enter the
input coverage name(s) in this dialog.
Input Line Coverage: Click this check box if you want to specify an input line coverage.
If you have specified an input coverage in the previous dialog, it will be displayed here since,
by default, it is the LINE coverage.This coverage is optional, but you have to have at least one
coverage (point or line) as input.
Input Point Coverage: Click this check box if you want to specify an input point
coverage. This coverage is optional, but you have to have at least one coverage (point or line)
as input.
Output Options: Specify the following output options.

DXF Format: Indicate the type of output file you wish to create.
ASCII The output file will be in ASCII format.
BINARY The output file will be in binary format.
Decimal Places: Indicate the number of decimal places for coordinates and other
numbers in the DXF file.

➲ For more information on DXF color numbers, see DXF Colortable.
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Export to DXF
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Export Annotation to DXF
Export Annotation to DXF

This dialog enables you to export an ERDAS IMAGINE annotation file to AutoCAD DXF (Drawing
Interchange File) format.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type: Annotation To DXF from the Import/
Export dialog.
Input File: The name of the input annotation file is listed.
Output File: The name of the output DXF file is listed.
DXF Format: Indicate the type of output file you wish to create.
ASCII The output file will be in ASCII format.
Binary The output file will be in binary format.
Ok Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog.

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Import ERS (CEOS)
Import ERS (CEOS)

WINDOWS Only
This dialog enables you to import CEOS (Committee for Earth Observation Standards) images
in the format established by the European Space Agency (ERS).
Product: Shows the full identifier of the ERS data product. This product identifier indicates
if the product is georeferenced or geocoded, and something about the resolution of the
image. The supported IMAGINE products are in the format RSAT-1-SAR-XXX, where XXX is:
♦ SCN — ScansSAR Narrow Beam

♦ SCW — ScanSAR Wide Beam
♦ SGC — SAR Georeferenced, Coarse Resolution
♦ SGF — SAR Georeferenced, Fine Resolution
♦ SGX — SAR Georeferenced, Extra Fine Resolution
♦ SLC — Single Look Complex
♦ SPG — SAR Precision Geocoded
♦ SSG — SAR Systematically Geocoded
Scene Date: Shows the date and time the data were acquired.
Location: Location is only available for some of the CEOS Image Products, and typically
indicates the latitude and longitude at the center of the image.
Data Type: Data type (complex, unsigned integer) of the pixels in this image.
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Import ERS (CEOS)
Single Look Complex (SLC) load options: This option is only available for the SLC
Image Product, where every pixel value is comprised of two signed integers. The integers
represent the real and imaginary parts of a complex number. You have the following options:
Load as one complex layer This layer is more readily displayed and processed in
IMAGINE, but it takes 2 to 4 times as much space, since the 16-bit integers are stored as
32- or 64-bit floating point numbers.
Load as two integer layers (real, imaginary) You might choose this option if you need
to deal with the real and complex parts of the pixel values separately.
Detect: load as one floating point layer Select this option to convert complex numbers
to their magnitude values. The result will be one floating point layer.
Detected (SCN, SCW, SGC, SGF, SGX, Detected SLC) load options:
Extract Beta nought image Click this checkbox to rescale pixel values to their original
radar reflectivity values.
Beta nought values in intensity Click this radio button to use intensity values.
Beta nought values in dB Click this radio button to use decibel values.
Cancel Click to close this dialog and cancel the process.
Batch Click to include this process in the Batch Wizard.
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Import ETAK
Import ETAK
This dialog allows you to import ETAK MapBase data. The output file will be an ERDAS
IMAGINE vector layer. Since the process will write many temporary scratch files in the directory
where you started ERDAS IMAGINE, and since the ETAK file is normally quite sizable, be sure
you have enough disk space to contain the temporary files and output coverages.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type ETAK from the Import/Export dialog. In the
after importing.
{LINECOV}.ACODE and {LANDMARKCOV}.XCODE.
The ACODE table contains ARC attributes which can be merged with the AAT table of the line
coverage using {LINECOV}-ID as the key.
Attribute Table) of the landmark coverage using {LANDMARKCOV}-ID as the key.

Output Landmark Coverage: Click this check box to also create a point coverage of
the landmark features in the ETAK file. If this option is selected, you must enter the output file
name of the new point coverage in the file name part, otherwise the file name part is disabled.
The name of the current landmark coverage is displayed.
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Import ETAK
Help Click to see this On-Line Help file.

➲ For more information on the ETAK file format, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
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Import Generic Binary Data

This dialog enables you to import generic data types that do not have a specific importer in
ERDAS IMAGINE. With this import option, you can import most types of binary data.
☞ You cannot import compressed data using the Generic import option.
The options presented in this dialog depend on whether you are importing from file or tape. Parts
of this dialog that do not pertain to the file type or media you have selected will be disabled or
hidden.
You open this dialog by selecting Import, and then Generic Binary as the Type in the Import/
Export dialog.
Data Description This group lets you enter the information about the data to be
imported:
Data Format: Click on this popup list and select the data format.
BIL The input data are in band interleaved by line (BIL) format.
BIP The input data are in band interleaved by pixel (BIP) format.
BSQ The input data are in band sequential (BSQ) format.
Tiled The input data are in a tiled format.
Data Type: Click on this popup list and select the data type for the input file.
Swap Bytes Turn on this check box to swap bytes in the output file. This occurs in data
larger than 8 bits. Some computers interpret the first byte of a data value as the most
significant (Motorola processors, for example), while others interpret it as the least
significant (Intel, for example). The order of the bytes may need to be “swapped” to work
on your computer.
Tape/File Options This group gives options for skipping files, bytes, or records in an
input file to avoid importing the header information. It also allows you to skip to certain
sections of a tape to retrieve specific bands or files.
Skip Files Enter the number of files to skip before the image data begins.
Blocking Factor: Enter the number of logical records per physical record (tape only).
You may also set the Blocking Factor to 0, in which case the tape will be read as a stream
of bytes, similar to a disk file. This is useful, for instance, if a line of image data is split
between two or more records.
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File Header Bytes: If importing from a file or the Blocking Factor is zero, enter the
number of bytes to skip at the beginning of the file. If importing from a BSQ image on tape
in which each band is in a separate file, this refers to the number of bytes to skip at the
beginning of each band file.
File Header Records: If importing from a tape and the Blocking Factor is one or more,
enter the number of header records to skip.
Image Dimensions This group allows you to define the dimensions of the import data
to IMAGINE.
Image Record Length: If importing from a file or the Blocking Factor is zero, enter the
number of bytes per logical image record. For tape imports with a Blocking Factor of one
or more, the record length is determined automatically from the tape, and this field is
disabled.
If the Image Record Length is not entered (i.e., it is zero), it is assumed to be the minimum
number of bytes needed to hold one line of image data. This minimum value is calculated
as follows:
BIL and BSQ:

Line Header Bytes + (# Cols) x Bytes Per Pixel
BIP:
Line Header Bytes + (# Bands) x (# Cols) x Bytes Per Pixel
Line Header Bytes: Enter the number of non-image bytes at the beginning of each
image record.
# Rows: Enter the total number of rows (lines) of data in the image.
# Cols: Enter the total number of columns of image data in the image.
# Bands: Enter the total number of bands in the image.
BSQ Options The options in this group are enabled if you are importing data in BSQ
format.
Bands in Multiple Files Click this option if each band of the image that you are
importing is in a separate file. The BSQ Band Files dialog is opened.
Band Header Bytes: Enter the number of band header bytes to skip when importing
data from a file in BSQ format.
Band Trailer Bytes: Enter the number of band trailer bytes to skip when importing data
from a file in BSQ format.
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Tile Options The options in this group are enabled if you are importing data in a tiled
format
Tile Width: Enter the total number of columns (in width) per tile.
Tile Height: Enter the total number of columns (in height) per tile.
Padded Tiles Click to make tiles all the same size.
Load Options ... The Load Options dialog is opened. This dialog lets you load a
previously used set of Import Generic Binary Data dialog parameters which were saved to a
file with Save Options. This is helpful since they are so many parameters to define in this
dialog, and you may use the same parameters frequently.
Save Options ... The Save Options dialog is opened. This dialog lets you save the
Import Generic Binary Data dialog parameters to a file. You can load this file later and
automatically reset the parameters.
Preview Options ... The Preview Options dialog is opened. This dialog lets you is
opened a preview of the image prior to importing the data.
Import Options ... The Import Options dialog is opened. This dialog lets you define
specific instructions for importing the data, such as subsetting, creating pyramid layers, etc.

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BSQ Band Files
BSQ Band Files

This dialog enables you to specify the files that comprise a multiband BSQ image. It opens when
you click the Bands in Multiple Files... option of the Import Generic Binary Data dialog.
File Name: Use this filename part to select the file for the current band. You can double-
click on the file, or click the Set button below, and that file will display in the CellArray.
Band #: This number is the band number whose file name will be chosen. This number
automatically increments as you select files.
Set Click to set the chosen file to the current band.
CellArray This CellArray contains the number of rows specified in the # Bands field of the
Import Generic Binary Data dialog. The first row contains the name of the file that you entered
in the Import/Export dialog.
Besides using the filename part to select the files for the other bands, you can also directly
enter the paths and file names into the CellArray.
OK Click to accept the selected files and close this dialog. You will be returned to the Import
Generic Binary Data dialog.

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Load Options File
Load Options File

This dialog enables you to load a previously used set of Import Generic Binary Data dialog
parameters which were saved to a file with Save Options. This is helpful, since there are many
parameters to define for the Import Generic Binary Data dialog and you may use the same
parameters frequently.
This dialog is opened when you click Load Options... from the Import Generic Binary Data
dialog.
File Name: Enter the name of the file which contains the parameters you want to use.
The default file extension is .gen.
OK Click to run this process and close this dialog.

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Save Options File
Save Options File

This dialog enables you to save Import Generic Binary Data dialog parameters to a file once they
are set up. This is helpful, since there are so many parameters to define for the Import Generic
Binary Data dialog and you may use the same parameters frequently.
This dialog is opened when you click Save Options... in the Import Generic Data dialog.
File Name: Enter a name for the file. The .gen file extension is added automatically.
OK Click to save this file and close this dialog.

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Export Generic Binary Data

This dialog enables you to export data types that do not appear on the popup list of data that can
be exported. The data are exported in a generic format which you define for ERDAS IMAGINE
in this dialog.
The options presented in this dialog depend on whether you are exporting to file or to tape. Parts
of this dialog that do not pertain to the file type or media you have selected will be grayed out
(disabled).
You open this dialog by selecting Export, and then Generic Binary as the Type in the Import/
Export dialog.
Data Description Enter information about the new file you are creating.
Data Format: Click on this popup list to select the data format for the output file.
BIL The output file will be in band interleaved by line (BIL) format.
BIP The output file will be in band interleaved by pixel (BIP) format.
BSQ The output file will be in band sequential (BSQ) format.
Data Type: Click on this popup list to select the output data type.
Swap Bytes Turn on this check box to swap bytes in the output file. This may occur in
data 8 bits or larger which may have been processed on a Motorola vs. an Intel computer,
or vice versa. The order of the high byte may need to be “swapped” to work on your
computer.
Tape/File Options Enter information specifying how the output file should be written.
Blocking Factor: Enter the blocking factor (number of logical records per physical
record) to use.
Bands in Multiple Files When this check box is turned on, each band is written as a
separate file. When it is turned off, all bands are written to one file.
Write Header Click to write the header information to a separate file.
Header File ... Click to enter the name of the header file. The Write Header Info dialog
is opened.
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Export Options ... The Export Options dialog is opened.
Data Stretch ... Click to open the Stretch on Export Options dialog.
Batch click to include this function in a batch file.

Interface manual.
➲ See the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides for step-by-step instructions on importing and
exporting a variety of data types.
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Write Header Info
Write Header Info

This dialog enables you to select the file name in which to write a 1024 byte ASCII header
information when exporting generic binary data. This file contains the number of rows and
columns, interleaving, projection parameters, etc.
This dialog opens when you click Header File... in the Export Generic Binary Data dialog.
Filename: Enter the name of the header file. There is no default file extension.
OK Click to accept this file name and close this dialog.

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Import ERDAS GIS Data

This dialog enables you to import ERDAS Ver. 7.X GIS files. GIS data are categorical (thematic)
raster data, single layer (band), and are usually accompanied by a TRL (trailer) file, which is
automatically read or written by IMAGINE when a GIS file is used.
To open this dialog, select Import, and then ERDAS 7.x GIS as the Type in the Import/Export
dialog.
Input File: Shows the name of the file to be imported.
Output File: Shows the name of the file once it is imported.
No. of Rows: Shows the number of rows in the input file.
No. of Cols: Shows the number of columns in the input file.
No. of Bands: Shows the number of bands in the input file.
Batch Click to add this process to a batch file.

➲ See Using 7.X for more information on using ERDAS Ver. 7.X files in IMAGINE.
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Export ERDAS 7.5 GIS Data
Export ERDAS 7.5 GIS Data

This dialog enables you to export .img files as ERDAS Ver. 7.X GIS files for use in ERDAS Ver.
7.X software. GIS data are thematic raster data, usually in a single layer.
To open this dialog, select Export, and then Erdas 7.x GIS as the Type: in the Import/Export
dialog. Then click OK.
Input File: Shows the path and file name of the file to be exported.
Output File: Shows the path and file name of the file once it is exported.
# Rows: Shows the number of rows in the input file.
# Cols: Shows the number of columns in the input file.
# Bands: Shows the number of bands in the input file.
Export Options ... The Export Options dialog is opened. This dialog lets you specify
options for exporting data.

Interface manual.
➲ See the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual for step-by-step instructions on importing
and exporting a variety of data types.
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Import GRASS Data
Import GRASS Data

This dialog enables you to import GRASS data into ERDAS IMAGINE. GRASS (Geographical
Resources Analysis Support System) is a software package administered by the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers’ Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL). You can import
versions 3.0 through 4.1 in compressed or uncompressed format. You can export version 4.1
(uncompressed only).
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type as GRASS from the Import/Export dialog.
In the Import/Export dialog, you must enter the name of the file to convert, the new output file
name, and then click OK.
GRASS Data
GRASS data are raster files that are stored in a series of subdirectories. The following
subdirectories are imported into ERDAS IMAGINE:
♦ /cell/<name> - raster data

♦ /cellhd/<name> - raster header files
♦ /cats/<name> - raster map category information
♦ /colr/<name> - raster map color tables
♦ /cell_misc/<name>/range - the minimum and maximum negative and positive values in the
raster file
<name> is the name of the raster file. For example, if you are importing the file landcover, then
IMAGINE would read data from /cell/landcover, /cellhd/landcover, etc. When GRASS data are
imported, all information is written into the new .img file. When GRASS data are exported, the
subdirectories will be created if they do not already exist. If continuous data are exported, the
cats and colr files will not be created, so the /cats and /colr subdirectories will not be created
either.
Raster Header Information
The GRASS header file for version 4.1 contains the following information:
♦ proj - the projection of the data: 0 = unreferenced, 1 = UTM, 2 = State Plane, 3 = Lat/Lon
♦ zone - the projection zone
♦ north, south, east, west - the boundaries of the raster file as defined by the edges of the
outside pixels of the raster (note that this differs from IMAGINE in which pixel locations
always refer to the center of the pixel)
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Import GRASS Data
♦ n-s resol, e-w resol - the cell size of each pixel in the horizontal and vertical direction, in
physical measurement units (i.e., meters for UTM data)
♦ rows, cols - the number of rows and columns in the raster

♦ format - the number of bytes per cell that are required to represent the data: 0 = 1 byte, 1 =
2 bytes, etc.
♦ compressed - indicates whether the data are compressed: 0 = uncompressed, 1 =

compressed
Color Table Format
The color table formats in GRASS version 3.0 and 4.1 are different. Therefore, if you import a
3.0 file, then export it back to 4.1 format, the colors in the new file may not exactly match the
colors in the original file.
Input File: The file you are importing is reported.
Output File: The output file name is reported.
No. of Rows: The number of rows in the input file is reported.
No. of Cols: The number of columns in the input file is reported.
No. of Bands: The number of bands in the input file is reported.

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Import GRASS Data

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Export GRASS Data
Export GRASS Data

This dialog enables you to export an ERDAS IMAGINE .img file to a GRASS version 4.1 file.
GRASS data are stored in a series of subdirectories, such as /cell, /cellhr, /cats, etc. If these
directories do not already exist, they will be created.
☞ The color table formats in GRASS version 3.0 and 4.1 are different. Therefore, if you import
a 3.0 file, then export it back to 4.1 format, the colors in the new file may not exactly match
the colors in the original file.
This dialog is opened when you click Export, and then select GRASS as the Type: in the Import/
Export dialog. Then click OK.
Input File: The input .img file to export is reported.
Layers: The number of layers (bands) in the input image is reported.
Rows: The number of rows in the input image is reported.
Cols: The number of columns in the input image is reported.
OK Click to export the image and close this dialog.
Batch Click to add this process a batch file.

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Import GRD Files
Import GRD Files

This dialog enables you to import Surfer Grid data. Surfer grid files are raster files for contour
maps and surface plots created by Surfer program. The GRD files can be in ASCII or Binary Grid
File format.
To open this dialog, select GRD(Surfer: ASCII/ Binary) as the data type in the Import/Export
dialog.
Input File: Shows the full path name of the file selected as GRD (Surfer: ASCII/Binary)
file to import.
Output File: Shows the full path name of the file selected as the output file.
No. of Rows: Shows the number of rows of data in the input file.
No. of Cols: Shows the number of columns of data in the input file
Help Click to open this On-Line Help document.

➲ For information on using The ERDAS IMAGINE graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE
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Export GRD
Export GRD
This dialog enables you to export files from IMAGINE to Surfer Grid files. Surfer grid files are
raster files for contour maps and surface plots used by Surfer program. The IMAGINE files can
be exported to either ASCII or Binary Grid File format.
Input File: Shows the full path name of the file selected as the IMAGINE file to export.
Layers: Shows the number of bands in the input file
Rows: Shows the number of rows of data in the input file
Cols: Shows the number of columns of data in the input file.
Output file type option

Binary GRD File (Intel Order) The type of Surfer GRD file in the binary format. .
ASCII GRD File The type of Surfer GRD in the ASCII which contains the same
information as the Binary format but occupy more space
Band to export: Shows the band to export to Surfer GRD file

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Import GRID
Import GRID
This dialog enables you to import files in the GRID data format. GRID, distributed by ESRI, is a
raster data complement to ARC/INFO.
To open this dialog, select Import and then GRID as the Type in the Import/Export dialog.
☞ In ERDAS IMAGINE filename parts, you can enter a wildcard with the following extensions

Coverage Name: Shows the name of the input file.
Layers: Shows the layers available for importing.
Rows: Shows how many rows of data are in the input file.
Cols: Shows how many columns of data are in the input file.
Use Color File: Click this check box to indicate that an external file is to be used to create
the color scheme for the layer.
Color File Use this filename part to enter the Color File to use. This filename part is
disabled if the Use Color File check box is not turned on.
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Import GRID

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Export GRID Data
Export GRID Data

This dialog enables you to export .img files in the GRID data format. GRID, distributed by ESRI,
is a raster data complement to ARC/INFO.
To open this dialog, select Export and then GRID as the Type in the Import/Export dialog.
☞ In ERDAS IMAGINE filename parts, you can enter a wildcard with the following extensions

Input File: Shows the name of the selected input file.
Layers: Shows the number of layers in the selected input file.
Rows: Shows the number of rows of data in the selected input file.
Cols: Shows the number of columns of data in the selected input file.
Color File Use this filename part to enter the Color File to use. This filename part is
disabled until the Use Color File check box is turned on.
Use Color File Turn on this check box to indicate that an external file is to be written that
contains the color scheme for the layer.
Data Stretch ... Click to open the Stretch on Export Options dialog
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Export GRID Data

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Import IGDS
Import IGDS
This dialog allows you to export an Interactive Graphics Design Software (IGDS) file (also called
Intergraph Design File, or DGN file) into an Arc/Info coverage. It opens when you select Import
| IGDS (Intergraph .dgn File) from the Import/Export dialog.
IDGS File Type: Specifies whether the input IDGS file is two or three dimensional.
2D Specifies the input IDGS file is two dimensional. This is the default.
3D Specifies the input IDGS file is three dimensional.
IGDS_TEXT Width: Specifies the output IGDS-TEXT item width (1 to 255). The default
is 12.
Import Options Specifies whether to import all layers with default options or to fine tune
the importing by specifying the layers to import and the options to be used for each layer.
Specify layer options below Choose this option to fine tune the importing by specifying
the layers to import and the options to be used in importing for each selected layer.
Import all layers w/defaults Choose this option to do a default importing. This will
import all layers, all elements with the most inclusive options.
Selected Layers & Options: A list of IDGS layers to import and the options for each
layer. $REST means the rest of the layers. Each entry starts with the layer name, followed by
current option settings for that layer.
Enter a Layer Name to the List: Adds a layer to the list. The layer name is arbitrary.
It is there only for easy identification purpose of the user. The name does not appear in IGDS
file. Internally, a layer is identified by its level number.
Delete A Layer from the List Deletes the selected layer from the import list.
APPLY Apply changes of import options to the selected layer. The corresponding entry in
the layer scroll list will update to show the current settings.
The Layer’s Import Options: The specific instructions on how a layer should be
imported.
Layer’s Level Number: Specifies the level number of the selected layer (1-63).
Color Option: Specifies what color(s) to import for the selected layer
ALL Import ALL colors for the selected layer.
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Import IGDS
Untitled NUMBER (colorcode) Import features of this particular color for the selected
layer (0-255).
Line Styles: Specifies what line style(s) to import for the selected layer
ALL Imports ALL line styles for the selected layer
Untitled NUMBER (linestylecode) Imports features with this particular line style (0-7)
Line Weights: Specifies what line weight(s) to import for the selected layer
ALL Imports ALL line weights for the selected layer
Untitled NUMBER (lineweightcode) Imports only this particular line weight for the
selected layer (0-31)
Element Types: Specifies what element(s) to import for the selected layer
ALL Imports ALL element types for the selected layer
Untitled NUMBER (elementcode) Imports only this particular element type (1-127)
Attribute Linkage Data: Specifies how to save attribute linkage data for the selected
layer
Save to items Saves the entity number and occurrence number contained in the first two
recognizable attribute linkages of each element as these items in the <outcover>.ACODE
info table: IGDS_ENTITY1, IGDS_OCCUR1, IGDS_ENTITY2, and IGDS-OCCUR2. A
recognizable linkage is a DMRS, Informix or dBASE III linkage. If only one linkage exists,
the second pair of items will be zero. If more than two linkages exist, the extra ones are
ignored.
Save to alink Saves ALL attribute linkage data of each element to a binary file called
<outcover>.alink. The <outcover>.ACODE info table will contain an item IGDS_ATTPTR
that specifies the location of the data for each item within the binary file.
Save to both Saves attribute linkage data both to an <outcover>.ACODE info table and
a binary file called <coveragename>.alink.
Ignore Ignores all attribute linkage data.
IGDS Cell Placement: Specifies how to place IGDS cells (type 2) for the selected layer
As points Places IGDS cells as points at the cell origin. Cell symbols (the component)
will be ignored. The cell name will be recorded in the IGDS-TEXT item within the
<outcover>.ACODE info table.
As symbols Places IGDS cells using each of their components (the symbols).
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Import IGDS
Points&Symbols Places IGDS cells both as points and as symbols.
Ignore Ignores IGDS cells.
IGDS Text Data: Specifies how to save IGDS text (type 17) for the selected layer
Save to annotation Saves IGDS text in an annotation subclass called IGDS.
Save to point Saves IGDS text as a point located at the text origin.
Point&Annotation Saves IGDS text both to annotation and to points as stated above.
Annotation ID Saves IGDS text in an annotation subclass called IGDS, and the
annotation level value is cover-ID instead of the IGDS level of the element, as compared
to the “Save to annotation” option.
Ignore Ignores the IGDS text (type 17) data.
Cell Name Specifies a cell name (no more than 6 characters) for the selected layer.
Save Z value If the IGDS file is three dimensional, saves the z value of the first point of
each element in an item called IGDS-ZVALUE in the <outcover>.ACODE info table.
Ok Click here to import the IGDS file using the current options.
Cancel Click here to cancel the importing.
IGDS Info... Click here to let IMAGINE to read and then describe the content of the IGDS
file in a text editor.
Batch Click here to do the import in a batch mode.
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Export to IGDS
Export to IGDS
This dialog enables you to export an Arc/Info coverage to an Interactive Graphics Design
Software file (IGDS file, also known as Intergraph Design file, or DGN file). It opens when you
select Export | IGDS (Intergraph .dgn File) from the Import/Export dialog.
Input IGDS Seed File: Specifies the name of the IGDS seed file that will be used as a
template in writing elements type 5, 8, 9 and 10 to the output IGDS file. A seed file must
contain these elements. Sample seed files are provided in $IMAGINE_HOME/archome/
template/igds.
Write Complex Line Strings: Determines whether input arcs with more than 100
points be written as complex line strings, or as several line strings and curves.
Export Method: Specifies source for feature properties, attributes & translation
instructions.
VANILLA The output IGDS file will not have attribute linkages. Properties will be
extracted from property map info table if the latter exists. Otherwise, default values will be
used as the elements’ properties.
ACODE If a <input-cover>.alink file exists in the same workspace as the input coverage,
attribute linkages will be generated for the output IGDS file. Graphic attributes such as
level, graphic group member, etc. will be taken from <input-cover>.ACODE. info table. The
property map does not apply to this option.
SOURCE The seed file will provide all conversion instructions. This should be the same
file that the input coverage was originally imported from.
Input Cell Library File: specified an input cell library file that will be used to define cells.
This is optional.
Input Property Map Info Table: Specifies an input property map info table used to
define graphic attributes for output elements in conjunction with VANILLA option. This info
table must contain following items: FEATURE, LEVEL, GGNO, CLASS, PROPS, COLOR,
STYLE, WEIGHT and TEXT.
Output IDGS File Type:

2D File Creates a 2-dimensional IGDS file.
3D File Creates a 3-dimensional IGDS file.
Specify coverage feature to IGDS element conversion pairs: Specifies the

IGDS element that a coverage feature should convert to:
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Export to IGDS
2_ARC: Input coverage arcs with 2 vertices
To LINES Converts 2_ARCs to IGDS lines.
To LINESTRINGS Converts 2-ARCs to linestrings.
N_ARC: Input coverage arcs with more than 2 vertices
To LINESTRING Converts to N_ARCs to linestrings.
To CURVE Converts N_ARCs to curves.
To COMPLEXSTRING Converts N_ARCs to complex strings.
To COMPLEXCURVE Converts N_ARCs to complex curves.
POINT: Input coverage points
To LINE Converts coverage points to IGDS lines.
To TEXT Converts coverage points to IGDS text.
To TEXTNODE Converts coverage points to IGDS text nodes.
To CELL Converts coverage points to IGDS cells.
POLY: Input coverage polygons
To COMPLEXCURVE Converts coverage polygons to IGDS complex curves.
To COMPLEXSTRING Converts coverage polygons to IGDS complex strings
TIC: Input coverage tics
To LINE Converts tics to IGDS lines.
To TEXT Converts tics to IGDS text
To TEXTNODE Converts tics to IGDS text nodes.
To CELL Converts tics to IGDS cells.
CURVE: Input Arc/Info COGO-EDIT curves
To ARC Converts COGO curves to IGDS arcs.
To LINESTRING Converts COGO curves to IGDS line strings
To CURVE Converts COGO curves to IGDS curves.
To COMPLEXSTRING Converts COGO curves to IGDS complex strings.
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Export to IGDS
To COMPLEXCURVE Converts COGO curves to IGDS complex curves.
ANNOTATION: Input coverage annotation
To TEXT Converts coverage annotation to IGDS text.
To TEXTNODE Converts coverage annotation to IGDS text nodes.
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Import IGES
Import IGES
This dialog allows you to import an IGES (Initial Graphics Exchange Specification) version 3.0
file in uncompressed ASCII format. The output file will be an ERDAS IMAGINE vector layer.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type IGES from the Import/Export dialog. In the
☞ You may run Build Vector Layer Topology or Clean Vector Layer to establish topology for
the imported vector coverage.
{OUTCOV}.ACODE and {OUTCOV}.XCODE.
The ACODE table contains ARC attributes which can be merged with the AAT table of the output
coverage using {OUTCOV}-ID as the key.
Attribute Table) of the output coverage using {OUTCOV}-ID as the key.
Output Error Log: Click this check box to create an output log file of the status and error
messages pertaining to the conversion. If this option is selected, then you must enter the
output file name in the file name part, otherwise the file name part is disabled.
out err log: Name of the error/status log file.

➲ For more information on the IGES file format, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
Interface manual.
141
Export to IGES
Export to IGES
This dialog allows you to export an ERDAS IMAGINE vector layer to an IGES (Initial Graphics
Exchange Format) file.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type IGES from the Import/Export dialog. In the
Import/Export dialog, you must enter the media type, the output file name, and then click OK. If
you specify an input file name in the Import/Export dialog, then that name is used for the input
line layer. You do not have to specify an input file name in that dialog. You can just enter input
file name(s) in this dialog.
Input Line Coverage: Click this check box if you want to specify an input line coverage.
If you have specified an input coverage in the previous dialog, it will be displayed here since,
by default, it is the LINE coverage. This coverage is optional, but you have to have at least
one coverage (line or point) as input.
Input Point Coverage: Click this check box if you want to specify an input point
coverage. This coverage is optional, but you have to have at least one coverage (line or point)
as input.
Input Header File: Click this check box if the input file contains a header file. This is
optional.

➲ For more information on the IGES file format, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
Interface manual.
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Import IRS-1C
Import IRS-1C
This dialog enables the import of IRS-1C data distributed by EOSAT and EUROMAP. This
importer does not support the IRS-1C data distributed by NRSA [India]. The importer assumes
the data to be in either the EOSAT or EUROMAP file naming convention on the CD media.
To open this dialog, select IRS-1C as the Type in the Import/Export dialog.
IRS-1C Information: Displays information about the selected input data. This information
displays once the header file of the input data is processed by the importer.
Input: Displays the file name or the device from which to import the data.
Sensor: Displays the PAN, LISS or WiF sensor used to acquire the data.
Type: Displays the type of the pixels in the dataset.
Size: Displays the size of the product as fullscene, subscene or mapsheet.
Level: Displays the processing level as Systematic, Precision, Terrain, Radiometric,

or Raw.
Output: Displays the data’s output file name.
Satellite: Displays the data’s satellite as Landsat 4, Landsat 5, IRS-1B, IRS-1C.
Bands: Displays the number of input bands in the data.
Rows: Displays the number of rows in the input data.
Columns: Displays the number of columns in the input data.
Map Projection Information: Displays information about the map projection and map
coordinates of the selected input dataset.
Projection: Displays the map projection of the input data.
ULX: Displays the upper left corner X-coordinate of the input data.
ULY: Displays the upper left corner y-coordinate of the input data.
Units: Displays the map projection units of the input data.
LRX: Displays the lower right corner x-coordinate of the input data.
LRY: Displays the lower right corner y-coordinate of the input data.
Calibration Options: These options allow the choice of no calibration or Map Corner
calibration for non-zero oriented data.
143
Import IRS-1C
Data with zero orientation has map information associated with the preview image.
Subsetting can be done from the preview image.
None Click this radio button if you want no calibration to be performed. This option is
enabled only for non-zero orientation images. If this option is chosen, then no calibration
will be performed.
Map Corner Click this radio button if you want the importer to write the transformation
matrix after import for rectification. This option is enabled only for non-zero orientation
images. If the data has zero orientation, map information is written after import
i The Previous Image and Next Image buttons are only enabled when using EUROMAP-dis-
tributed datasets.EUROMAP distributes EOSAT data with multiple datasets per tape or
CDROM. EOSAT distributes EOSAT data with only one dataset per tape or CDROM.
Previous Image Click to go back to the previous dataset.
Next Image Click to skip to the next dataset.
OK Click to import the image. The import frame disappears after the import has completed.
Preview Options... Click to open the Preview Options dialog to set band combinations,
subset dimensions and data type for the preview.
Import Options... Click to open the Import Options dialog to set band combinations,
subset dimensions and data type for the import.
Cancel Click to cancel this process and close the dialog.

Interface manual.
144
IRS-1C Header File Error
IRS-1C Header File Error

This error message displays when the header file has a naming convention other than
EUROMAP or EOSAT.
➲ The TM Landsat and IRS-1C importers in ERDAS IMAGINE 8.3 and 8.4 do not store SOM
coordinates in the imported image, even though the initial importer dialog reports SOM
coordinates. See Space Oblique Mercator for more information.
You are given the following options:
Would you like to select an alternate header file ?
Select new header file Click to continue with header file selection. The IRS-1C Header
File Name dialog opens.
Cancel Click to cancel header file selection and the import of this dataset.
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IRS-1C Header File Name
IRS-1C Header File Name

This dialog allows you to select a header file for the dataset being imported. The correct header
file for the specific dataset must be selected.
This dialog opens when you click Select new header file in the Header File Error dialog.
Filename: Enter or select the name of the band file to import, or click the icon to open
the File Selector dialog.
OK Click to use the selected header file name.
Cancel Click to cancel this process and the import of this dataset.
Help Click to open this On-line Help document.
146
IRS-1C Band File Error
IRS-1C Band File Error

This error message displays when one or more of the band files has a naming convention other
than EUROMAP or EOSAT. You are given the following options:
Would you like to specify the band file(s)?
Select Band File(s) Click to continue with band file selection. The IRS-1C BSQ Band
Files dialog opens.
Quit Click to cancel band file selection and the import of this dataset.
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IRS-1C BSQ Band Files
IRS-1C BSQ Band Files

This dialog allows you to select band files for the dataset you want to import. Depending on the
dataset, any number of bands can be selected. Valid band file names for the selected dataset
must be used, and the correct header file for each band file must be selected.
coordinates. See Space Oblique Mercator for more information
This dialog opens when you click Select band files(s) in the Band Error dialog.
Filename: Enter or select the name of the band file to import, or click the icon to open
the File Selector dialog.
Band #: Enter the band number to use in this number field.
Set Set the chosen file to the current band.
OK Click to import the selected bands from the dataset.
Cancel Click to cancel this process and the import of this dataset.
Help Click to open this On-line Help document.
148
Import JFIF Files
Import JFIF Files

This dialog enables you to import a JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format) file into ERDAS
IMAGINE format. This dialog is opened when you click OK in the Import/Export dialog after
selecting the Type JFIF (JPEG). JPEG itself is an image compression standard and not a file
format; however, the JFIF format was developed as a means of storing JPEG-encoded data.
Input File: The name of the input file is reported.
Output File: The name of the output file is reported.
Preview Click to display a preview image of the data prior to importing. A Job Status dialog
will display in the upper left corner of the screen indicating the status of the Preview function.
You may select a subset to import from this image using the Subset Definition options in the
Import Options or Preview Options dialog.
149
Export JFIF Data
Export JFIF Data

This dialog enables you to export .img files as JFIF (JPEG File Interchange Format) files. JPEG
itself is an image compression standard and not a file format; however, the JFIF format was
developed as a means of storing JPEG-encoded data.
☞ You can export only one or three bands. If you are exporting a multiband file, specify which
layer(s) to export by clicking the Export Options button.
☞ JPEG is designed for compressing true color or gray scale images. It is a “lossy” compression
method, meaning that data are lost in compression. However, compressed images generally
appear unchanged to the human eye. It is advised that you not use images that have been
JPEG compressed in applications such as classification where data integrity is extremely
important.
To open this dialog, select Export, and then JFIF (JPEG) as the Type in the Import/Export
Input File: Shows the name of the .img file to be exported.
Layers: Shows the number of layers in the input file.
Rows: Shows the number of rows in the input file.
Cols: Shows the number of columns in the input file.
Contrast Options This group lets you select options for enhancing the contrast of the
exported image.
Apply Contrast Table Apply the Contrast Table in the .img file to the output pixel values.
Applying the Contrast Table to the pixel values produces values from 0 to 1, which are then
multiplied by 255 before being written to the JFIF file.
This option is opened only if the .img file has a contrast table.
Apply Standard Deviation Stretch Stretch the pixel values in the .img file so that the
given standard deviation range maps to the output range of 0 to 255.
Use Raw Pixel Values Write pixel values directly to the TIFF file without any changes.
This option is opened only if the image has both statistics and a contrast table.
Standard Deviations: Specify the number of standard deviations to use in the standard
deviation stretch option.
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Export JFIF Data
Quality: Specify the relative quality index to use during compression. This value ranges
from 1 (lowest quality, highest compression) to 100 (highest quality, lowest compression).
Values between 50 and 95 are normally used. You may need to experiment with this value to
determine the best quality setting for your particular use.
151
Import ERDAS LAN Data
Import ERDAS LAN Data

This dialog enables you to import ERDAS Ver. 7.X LAN files. LAN data are continuous raster
data, usually in multiple layers.
To open this dialog, select Import and then ERDAS 7.x LAN as the Type in the Import/Export
dialog.
Input File: Shows the name of the file to be imported.
Output File: Shows the name of the file once it is imported.
No. of Rows: Shows the number of rows in the input file.
No. of Cols: Shows the number of columns in the input file.

➲ See Using 7.X for more information on using ERDAS Ver. 7.x files in IMAGINE.
Interface manual.
152
Export ERDAS 7.5 LAN Data
Export ERDAS 7.5 LAN Data

This dialog enables you to export .img files as ERDAS Ver. 7.X LAN files for use in ERDAS Ver.
7.X software. LAN data are continuous raster data, usually in multiple layers.
To open this dialog, select Export, and then Erdas 7.x LAN as the Type in the Import/Export
Output File: Shows the path and file name of the file once it is exported.
# Rows: Shows the number of rows in the input file data.
# Cols: Shows the number of columns in the input file data.
# Bands: Shows the number of bands in the input file data.

Interface manual.
➲ See the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual for step-by-step instructions for importing
153
Import MapInfo File To ArcInfo Coverage
Import MapInfo File To ArcInfo Coverage

This dialog lets you to import MapInfo data into an ARC/INFO coverage. The MapInfo file must
have have an extension in the form of .mif
Input File: Shows the full path name of the file selected as the MapInfo file to import.
Output Coverage: Shows the full path name of the coverage selected as the output file.
MID exist? Specify if there is a MapInfo MID file available

No Click if there is no MID file.
Yes Click if there is a MID file.
Precision? Specify output coverage precision.

Single Click for single precision output coverage .
Double Click for double precsion output coverage
Import feature? Specify the type of Arc coverage to import

Point Click if the input coverage is Point Coverage
Arc Click if the input coverage is Arc Coverage.
Polygon Click if the input coverage is Polygon Coverage.


Interface manual.
➲ See the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guide for information on using The ERDAS IMAGINE
graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.
154
Export ArcInfo Coverage to MapInfo MIF File
Export ArcInfo Coverage to MapInfo MIF File

This dialog lets you to export an ARC/INFO coverage into MapInfo data.
Input Coverage: Shows the full path name of the file selected as the coverage file to
export
Output file: Shows the full path name of the MapInfo file selected as the output file.
Export feature? Specify the type of input Arc coverage to export.

Point Click if the output coverage is Point Coverage
Arc Click if the output coverage is Arc Coverage
Polygon Click if the output coverage is Polygon Coverage.

Interface manual.
➲ See the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guide for information on using The ERDAS IMAGINE
graphical interface, see the on-line IMAGINE Interface manual.
155
Import MSS Data
Import MSS Data

This dialog enables you to import data from the Landsat MSS satellite sensor. The options in this
dialog are specific to importing Landsat MSS data.
To open this dialog, select Import and then Landsat MSS as the Type in the Import/Export
dialog.
Image Information: This group shows the following information about the selected input
file.
Platform: Shows the Landsat platform from which the data were obtained.
Scene ID: Shows the unique scene identification number.
Date: Shows the date of data acquisition.

Interface manual.
➲ For more information on Landsat MSS satellite data, see the “Raster and Vector Data
156
NLAPS Importer
NLAPS Importer
This dialog enables you to import the National Landsat Archive Production System (NLAPS) or
NLAPS Data Format (NDF) data. To open this dialog, select NLAPS as the Type in the Import/
Export dialog.
NLAPS Information: Displays information about the selected input data. This information
is displayed by the dialog once the input data’s header file is processed by the importer.
Input: Displays the file name or the device from which to import the data.
Output: Displays the output file name for the data.
NLAPS Level: Displays the processing level of the NLAPS data.
Size: Displays the size of the product data or image.
Dataset Type: Displays the type of the pixels in the dataset.
Rows: Displays the number of rows in the input data.
Interleaving: Displays the interleaving used: BIL/BSQ
Bands: Displays the number of bands in the input data.
Cols: Displays the number of columns in the input data.
Map Information: Displays information about the map projection and map coordinates of
the selected input dataset.
Projection: Displays the map projection of the input data.
Pixel Unit: Displays the map projection units of the input data.
ULX: Displays the upper left corner X-coordinate of the input data.
ULY: Displays the upper left corner y-coordinate of the input data.
LRX: Displays the lower right corner x-coordinate of the input data.
LRY: Displays the lower right corner y-coordinate of the input data.
Calibration Options: These options allow the choice of no calibration or Map Corner
calibration for non-zero oriented data.
Data with zero orientation has map information associated with the preview image.
Subsetting can be done from the preview image.
157
NLAPS Importer
None Click this radio button if you want no calibration to be performed. This option is
enabled only for non-zero orientation images. If this option is chosen, then no calibration
will be performed.
Map Corner Click this radio button if you want the importer to write the transformation
matrix after import for rectification. This option is enabled only for non-zero orientation
images. If the data has zero orientation, map information is written after import.
OK Click to import the image. The import frame disappears after the import has completed.
Cancel Click to cancel this process and close the dialog.
Preview Options... Click to open the Preview Options dialog to set band combinations,
subset dimensions and data type for the preview.
Import Options... Click to open the Import Options dialog to set band combinations,
subset dimensions and data type for the import.
Help Click to open this On-line help document.

Interface manual.
158
Import PCX Files
Import PCX Files

This dialog enables you to import PCX data. PCX files are raster files created by PC Paintbrush,
Dr. Halo, and other PC graphics programs. PCX has become a standard PC graphics format.
These files normally contain line art. IMAGINE will read monochrome, 8-bit, and 24-bit run-length
encoded PCX files. (You cannot import 4-bit PCX files.)
To open this dialog, select PCX as the data Type in the Import/Export dialog.
Input File: Shows the full path name of the file selected as the PCX file to import.
No. of Cols: Shows the number of columns of data in the input file.

Interface manual.
159
Export PCX
Export PCX
This dialog enables you to export .img files as PCX files for use in PC Paintbrush, Dr. Halo, or
other PC graphics programs.
layer(s) to export by left-clicking the Export Options button.
To open this dialog, select Export, and then PCX as the Type in the Import/Export dialog. Then
click OK.
Layers: Shows the number of layers (bands) in the input image.
Rows: Shows the number of rows in the input image.
Cols: Shows the number of columns in the input image.
exported image.
These options appear only if the .img file has a contrast table and/or statistics.
Apply Contrast Table Apply the Contrast Table in the .img file to the output pixel values.
Applying the Contrast Table to the pixel values produces values from 0 to 255 before being
written to the PCX file.
This option is opened only if the .img file has a contrast table.
Apply Standard Deviation Stretch Stretch the pixel values in the .img file so that the
Use Raw Pixel Values Write pixel values directly to the PCX file without any changes.
This option is opened only if the image has both statistics and a contrast table.
Use Contrast Multiplier Apply the image contrast table when performing the export.
Use Standard Deviation Stretch Apply a standard deviation contrast stretch.
Standard Deviations: Specify the number of standard deviations to use in the standard
deviation stretch option.
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Export PCX
options for exporting data, including which layers to export.

Interface manual.
➲ See the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides manual for step-by-step instructions for importing
161
Import RADARSAT (CEOS)

This dialog enables you to import CEOS (Committee for Earth Observation Standards) Image
Products in the format established by RADARSAT, Incorporated (RSI). The options in this dialog
are specific to RADARSAT CEOS data. This dialog opens when you select RADARSAT as the
data type in the Import/Export dialog.
SAR Image Info. This tab displays information about the RADARSAT image you are
importing.
Product: Shows the full identifier of the RADARSAT data product. This product identifier
indicates if the product is georeferenced or geocoded, and something about the resolution
of the image. The supported IMAGINE products are in the format RSAT-1-SAR-XXX,
where XXX is:
♦ SCN — ScansSAR Narrow Beam

♦ SCW — ScanSAR Wide Beam
♦ SGC — SAR Georeferenced, Coarse Resolution
♦ SGF — SAR Georeferenced, Fine Resolution
♦ SGX — SAR Georeferenced, Extra Fine Resolution
♦ SLC — Single Look Complex
♦ SPG — SAR Precision Geocoded
♦ SSG — SAR Systematically Geocoded
Scene Date: Shows the date and time the data were acquired.
Location: Location is only available for some of the CEOS Image Products, and typically
indicates the latitude and longitude at the center of the image.
162
Data Type: Data type (complex, unsigned integer) of the pixels in this image.
Data Type Options This tab allows you to select how to display your RADARSAT image.
Single Look Complex (SLC) load options: This option is only available for the SLC
Image Product, where every pixel value is comprised of two signed integers. The integers
represent the real and imaginary parts of a complex number. You have the following
options:
Load as one complex layer This layer is more readily displayed and processed in
IMAGINE, but it takes 2 to 4 times as much space, since the 16-bit integers are stored
as 32- or 64-bit floating point numbers.
Load as two integer layers (real, imaginary) You might choose this option if you
need to deal with the real and complex parts of the pixel values separately.
Detect: load as one floating point layer Select this option to convert complex
numbers to their magnitude values. The result will be one floating point layer.
Detected (SCN, SCW, SGC, SGF, SGX, Detected SLC) load options:
Extract Beta nought image Click this checkbox to rescale pixel values to their
original radar reflectivity values.
Beta nought values in intensity Click this radio button to use intensity values.
Beta nought values in dB Click this radio button to use decibel values.
Calibrate image using header map information Click this checkbox to attach map
information to the image.

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Choose Image
Choose Image
This dialog enables you to choose a single input image from a CD-ROM containing mutiple
images. It opens when you run the RADARSAT importer with a CD-ROM device selected, and
more than one RADARSAT image is present on the CD-ROM.
Images available on input CD-ROM: Choose from the list of RADARSAT images on
the CD-ROM.
OK Click to import from the currently selected image.
Cancel Click to close this dialog and cancel the image load process.
164
Import Raster Product Format (RPF)
Import Raster Product Format (RPF)

This dialog enables you to import RPF (Raster Product Format) frames that conform to MIL-STD-
2411. RPF frames are distributed by the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA) and are almost always
integrated into the NITF (National Imagery Transmission Format), according to MIL-STD-199.
The NITF importer, if available, is also able to process RPF frames, so you may wish to use it
instead. The resulting image produced from the RPF data should be the same, but the NITF
importer will be able to handle any non-RPF structures present in the input data file.
This dialog opens when you select Raster Product Format as the Data Type in the Import/
Export dialog.
File Name: The name embedded in the RPF file.
Format: This field indicates whether the original image was integrated into NITF or it was
displayed as a stand-alone RPF image. This field will almost always be NITF.
Upper Left Lat/Lon: The latitude and longitude of the upper left corner of the image.
Lower Left Lat/Lon: The latitude and longitude of the lower left corner of the image.
Upper Right Lat/Lon: The latitude and longitude of the upper right of the image.
Lower Right Lat/Lon: The latitude and longitude of the lower right of the image.

Cancel Click to close the dialog and cancel the process.
Batch Click to place the import process in a batch file.
Help Click to view the On-Line Help for This Dialog.
165
Import SeaWiFS
Import SeaWiFS
The SeaWiFS importer dialog opens when you select SeaWiFS L1B and L2A. This dialog
enables you to import SeaWiFS ( Sea Wide Field of View Sensor ) data in the format produced
by Orbital Sciences Corporation. The importer supports both L1B and L2A LAC data sets. For
L2A data sets the importer produces an additional file of 1-bit layers for the bit flags set in band 9.
Platform: The Platform from which the Data was Acquired
Scene Date: The Date and Time the Data was Acquired
Center Lat/Lon: The latitude and longitude at the center of the image
Agency: Name of the agency that received the image
Country: The name of the country that received the image
Facility: The name of the receiving station
SeaWiFS Level: Level of the SeaWiFS Specification
No. Rows: Number of rows in the input file
No. Cols: Number of columns in the input file
No. Bands: Number of bands in the input file
Positioned at Image # Sequential Number of the Image on the Tape
Corrections... Click this button to apply calibration to output file or save GCPs. The
Corrections dialog opens.
Skip Skip to Next Image on the Tape
OK Import the Image
Cancel Remove This Dialog
Batch Place the Import Process in the Batch Queue
Help Read On-Line Help for This Dialog
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Corrections
Corrections
If the you select the option to write a transform to the image or to import the GCPs (SeaWiFS tie
points ) contained in the data set, the image is automatically corrected for panoramic distortion.
Transforms written to the output image are derived from GCPs collected at the Low density
setting.
Write Transform to Image Correct For Panoramic Distortion and Calibrate the Image
Transformation Order: Order of the Polynomial Transform
Write GCP File Correct For Panoramic Distortion and Save the GCP File
GCP Filename: Choose GCP File
GCP Density: Low 204 GCPs, Medium 917 GCPs, High 1836 GCPs
OK Accept Correction Parameters
Cancel Cancel This Dialog
Help Show Help for This Dialog
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Import SDTS
Import SDTS
This dialog enables you to import SDTS Topological Vector Profile (TVP) transfer files to
coverage(s). It opens when you select Import | SDTS Vector from the Import/Export dialog.
SDTS is a large standard composed of smaller, more limited subsets that are federally approved
as a part of the SDTS FIPS 173 standard. These subsets are called profiles. The Topological
Vector Profile designed specifically for planar vector data with topology is the only profile
supported by this importer.
Optional Output Point Coverage Specify the name of an optional output Point
coverage in the filename list.
OK Click to import the selected file and close this dialog.

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Export to SDTS
Export to SDTS
This dialog enables you to export coverages to SDTS Topological Vector Profile (TVP) transfer
files. To open this dialog, select Export, and then SDTS Vector under Type in the Import/
Export dialog.
SDTS is a large standard composed of smaller, more limited subsets that are federally approved
as a part of the SDTS FIPS 173 standard. These subsets are called profiles. The Topological
Vector Profile designed specifically for planar vector data with topology is the only profile
supported by this importer.
Optional Input Point Coverage Specify the name of the point coverage to export in
the filename list.
Optional Conversion Control File Specify the name of the conversion control file in
the filename list.
OK Click to export the selected file and close this dialog.

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Import SDTS Raster Profile

This dialog enables you to import SDTS (Spatial Data Transfer Standard) images that conform
to the Raster Profile. See also the “SDTS Vector” importer, which handles SDTS transfers that
conform to the Topological Vector Profile. This dialog opens when you select SDTS Raster as
the Data Type in the Import/Export dialog.
➲ SDTS DEM data includes one or more NULL data values, that appear as large negative
numbers. It is recommended that you select the Ignore Zeros in the Import Options dialog
so that the NULL data values will be recoded to a single value, usually -32766, which is then
ignored from statistics computation. You may set the Ignore Zeros preference in the Raster
Import (General) category of the Preference Editor.
The following group shows basic information about the input file. Not all of these fields may be
present in the input data set and their usage may vary, depending upon the data producer.
Image Title: The overall title or name that applies to this dataset.
Spatial Domain: Area of geographic coverage of this image.
Map: Map coverage name within the geographic coverage of this image.
Theme: General theme covered by this image.
Data ID: The user-defined data set identifier, usually unique to the user.
Data Structure: The internal structure or organization of the data.
Pixel Label: A label describing the value each pixel measures.
Map Date: Date of measurement of the pixel values, or date which the pixels represent.
Data Set Creation Date: Date that actual pixel values in the digital representation were
created.
Import Options... Click to open the Import Options Dialog.
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Batch Click to place the import process in the batch queue.
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Export SDTS Raster Profile

This dialog enables you to export an .img file to an SDTS Raster Profile transfer. You must have
access to information about the source image, and then the processes applied to it, in order to
fill in the header fields correctly. This dialog is opened when, in the Import/Export dialog, you click
Export, then select SDTS Raster Profile as the Type, then specify the input and output file
names, and then click OK.
The header information tabsheet contains various categories of header information that will go
into the SDTS Raster Profile transfer. If you will be working with many files with similar
characteristics, you can enter much of this information into the exportsdtsraster category of the
Preference Editor. The information in the Preference Editor will then be used as the default
values in the tabsheet.
Input File: Select one of the six tabs to edit input data. The Identification tab is the default.
Identification If you intend to produce several transfers, the following fields can be used
to identify the dataset.
Image Title: Enter an overall title or name that applies to this dataset.
Data ID: Enter a user-defined data set identifier, usually unique to the user.
Data Structure: Enter a description of the internal structure or organization of the data
(e.g., "DEM").
Pixel Label: Enter a label (e.g. "ELEVATION", "INTENSITY") describing the value each
pixel measures.
Map Date: Enter the date of measurement of the pixel values, or date which the pixels
represent.
Data Set Creation Date: Enter the date that actual pixel values in the digital
representation were created.
Scale: Enter the scale of the corresponding paper map, if applicable (e.g., 100000
means 100,000:1).
Image Comment: Enter any other information relevant to the image.
Domain If you intend to produce several transfers, the following fields can be used to
identify the dataset.
Spatial Domain: Enter the area of geographic coverage of this image.
Map: Enter the map coverage name within the geographic coverage of this image.
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Theme: Enter the general theme covered by this image.
Comment: Enter any additional information related to spatial domain.
Security It is necessary to complete the following fields only if you intend to produce
transfers that should not be made available to your entire audience. Security information will
be included in the transfer only if you specify a value fore one or more of these fields.
Security Class: Enter the security classification level.
Control: Enter the instructions for distribution and handling of the data.
Release Instructions: Enter the instructions on release restrictions.
Review Date: Enter the reclassification date.
Review Instructions: Enter the reclassification instructions.
Security Comment: Enter any additional comments related to security.
Quality Complete the following fields to later determine if a given dataset is useful for your
purposes.
Lineage: Describe the source materials, methods, ground control, and mathematical
processing performed on the data.
Positional Accuracy: Assess the accuracy of point positions, including degree of

compliance to the spatial registration standard.
Attribute Accuracy: Assess the accuracy of measures made on a continuous scale.
Consistency Complete the following fields to later determine if a given dataset is useful
for your purposes.
Logical Consistency: Describe the fidelity of relationships encoded in the digital data,
including the tests performed and their results.
Completeness: Describe selection criteria, definitions used, and other relevant mapping
rules.
Comments Enter any additional comments in the following fields. These optional
comments can be included in various key modules of the SDTS Transfer.
Catalog/Directory: Comment on Catalog/Directory module.
Internal Spatial Reference: Comment on Internal Spatial Reference module.
External Spatial Reference: Comment on External Spatial Reference module.
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Registration: Comment on Registration (Ground Control Points) module.
Data Dictionary/Definition: Comment on Data Dictionary/Definition module.
Data Dictionary/Domain: Comment on Data Dictionary/Domain module.
Transfer Statistics: Comment on Transfer Statistics module.
Layers: Enter the number of layers (bands) in the input image.
Interleaving: Click this popup list to choose the method used to encode multiple layers.
This option is available only when exporting a multi-spectral image. GL encoding is usually
faster to produce and process, but for a large dataset or a dataset with several bands, GI
encoding may be preferable because the individual files are smaller.
GI Encoding (BSQ) GI encoding is similar to Band Sequential (BSQ) encoding, where

each layer is placed into its own cell module.
GL Encoding (BIP) GL encoding is similar to Band Interleaved by Pixel (BIP) encoding,

and all layers are stored in a single-cell module.
Rows: Enter the number of rows in the input image.
Cols: Enter the number of columns in the input image.
OK Click to export the image.
Export Options ... Click to open the Export Options dialog.
Data Stretch ... Click to open the Data Stretch on Export dialog.
Batch Click to place the export process into the batch queue.
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Import ShapeFile
Import ShapeFile
This dialog enables you to import a shapefile to a coverage. This dialog opens when you select
Import | Shape in the Import/Export dialog and click OK.
i (PC Only) When importing a polygon shapefile to a coverage, the polygon attributes are writ-
ten to an Arc Attribute Table (ATT). This is because a shapefile does not contain polygon
topology, and the attributes are associated with each independent polygon. Therefore, each
polygon in a shapefile is imported into a coverage as a self-enclosed arc, which has the
attributes of the polygon shape.
Import Shapefile Now Click to import the Shape file now.
Send a Batch Job Click to include this function in a batch file, importing at a later time.
Cancel Click to cancel the import.

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Export to ShapeFile
Export to ShapeFile
This dialog enables you to export a coverage to a shape file. A shape file is a data format used
by ArcView to handle spatial data as attributes. It is non-topological data which consists of three
files: the main file (.shp), the index file (.shx), and the attribute file (a dBase table .dbt).
There are four types of shapes: Points, Multipoints, Arcs and Polygons. This importer takes a
shapefile and imports it to a coverage. Depending on the feature type of the shapefile, the output
coverage will be a point coverage, a polygon coverage, or a line coverage. Each coverage has
an attribute table built (PAT or AAT).
It is worth noting that a polygon shape becomes a polygon but consist of only one continuous arc.
The imported coverage is built to have arc, polygon, or point topology. The shapefile attributes
are joined with the PAT or AAT table. If the shapefile is one that was exported from a coverage,
there will be some duplicate items such as internalID and usrID.
It opens when you select Export | Shapefile from the Import/Export dialog.
Feature Class to Export: Click on the popup list to select the feature class to export.
Polygons
Arcs
Points
Tics
Nodes
OK Click to export the selected file and close this dialog.


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Import SPOT
Import SPOT
This dialog enables you to import data from the SPOT satellite sensor.
☞ SPOT header information changed from ERDAS IMAGINE Ver. 8.1 to Ver. 8.2. This change
may affect C Programmers’ Toolkit users. See the note at the end of this section for more
information.
To open this dialog, select Import and then SPOT or SPOT (GeoSpot) as the Type in the
Import/Export dialog.
SPOT Information: This group shows the following basic information about the selected
input file.
Image #: Shows which image is selected on the media, generally on CD-ROM which
can contain multiple images.
Name: Shows the name of the directory in which the scene is stored on the CD. This
name often reflects the image area.
Media: Shows the media source on which the input data reside.
Level: Shows the pre-processing level (e.g., 1A, 1B, 2, etc.)
Format: Shows the format of the data (e.g., Geospot, Standard SPOT, etc.).
Country: Shows the country where the image was processed.
Bands: Shows the number of bands that are in the input file.
Lab: Shows the name of the laboratory where the image was processed.
Rows: Shows the number of rows of data in the input file.
Facility: Shows the name of the facility where the image was processed.
Columns: Shows the number of columns of data in the input file.
Map Projection Information This group shows information about the map projection
and map coordinates of the selected input file.
Projection: Shows the map projection of the input file.
Units: Shows the map projection units (e.g., feet, meters, etc.).
ULX: The X coordinates of the upper left corner of the input file.
ULY: The Y coordinates of the upper left corner of the input file.
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Import SPOT
LRX: The X coordinates of the lower right corner of the input file.
LRY: The Y coordinates of the lower right corner of the input file.
Previous Image Click to select the previous image on the media.
Next Image Click to select the next image on the media.
Calibrate Image Turn on this check box to write the transformation matrix to the image
for rectification.
QuickLook Click to import the QuickLook version of the Geospot image. This image is in
TIFF format, therefore the Import TIFF dialog is opened when you select this option.

Interface manual.
➲ For more information on SPOT satellite data, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
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Import SPOT
Note to C Programmers’ Toolkit Users
Most SPOT data have a resolution of 10 or 20 meters. However, data in projections with units
other than meters, such as State Plane which uses feet, may have pixels in non-integer sizes. In
ERDAS IMAGINE Ver. 8.1, these floating point pixels sizes were truncated to integer. For
example, a pixel size of 28.5 was truncated to 28.
In ERDAS IMAGINE Ver. 8.2, floating point pixel sizes are retained and new fields were added
to the SPOT header to accommodate floating point values. If you view the SPOT header using
the HfaView utility, you will see the following lines:
long xpixelsize
long ypixelsize
These are the truncated pixel sizes used in Ver. 8.1. The following lines reflect the more accurate
pixel size used in Ver. 8.2:
double xpixelsized
double ypixelsized
If you have used long xpixelsize and long ypixelsize in your own Toolkit programs, you should
replace them with double xpixelsized and double ypixelsized for more accuracy.
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Import Sun Raster
Import Sun Raster

This dialog enables you to import a 1-, 8-, 24-, and 32-bit Sun Raster files into ERDAS IMAGINE
format. You can also import run-length encoded compressed Sun Raster files. This dialog is
opened when you click OK in the Import/Export dialog after selecting the Type: Sun Raster.
Input File: The name of the input file is reported.
Output File: The name of the output file is reported.

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Import TIFF
Import TIFF
This dialog enables you to import TIFF data. The options in this dialog are specific to importing
TIFF data.
To open this dialog, select TIFF as the data Type in the Import/Export dialog.
Input File: Shows the full path name of the file selected as the TIFF file to import.
No. of Cols: Shows the number of columns of data in the input file.

Interface manual.
➲ For more information on TIFF data, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources” chapter in the
ERDAS Field Guide.
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Export TIFF Data
Export TIFF Data

This dialog enables you to export image files as TIFF files.
☞ Only the following bit depths are supported by the TIFF EXPORTER:
Unsigned 1-bit
Unsigned 4-bit
Unsigned 8-bit
Unsigned 16-bit
Unsigned 32-bit
layer(s) to export by clicking the Export Options... button.
☞ Use Save As for floating point and signed data types. The Save As function in the Viewer is
not restricted by the band count limitations imposed by the exporter. Save As outputs all
bands of the input file.
☞ By default, the TIFF exporter exports the image layers of an image file containing three or
more bands in the order of the User Interface & Session preference that controls the display
of imagery from files with the number of bands in the image file to be exported. Only three
bands are exported.
For instance, since the Spot Red Band Default, Spot Blue Band Default, and Spot Green
Band Default preferences are used to control the display of imagery files containing exactly
three layers, the export of a three layer image file to TIFF format while these preferences are
set to 3, 2, and 1 respectively, by default results in a TIFF file that has layers 3, 2, and 1 of
the original image file in that order. Accessing the resulting exported file directly via the TIFF
DLL in the Viewer causes the Spot <Color> Band Default preferences to be applied again,
reversing the layer-to-color gun assignments to which the original image file defaulted.
To establish a view of the exported file that is identical to the default view of the file being
exported, either change the order of the bands in the Export Options dialog prior to export,
or modify the layer-to-color gun assignments in the Raster Options tab of the Viewer’s file
chooser prior to displaying the exported file.
To open the Import/Export dialog, select Import from the ERDAS IMAGINE main menu. Select
the Export radio button, and TIFF as the Type:; File is the default for Media:. Select an Input
file, which automatically places the corresponding .tif file in the Output file field. Click OK to open
the Export TIFF Data dialog.
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Export TIFF Data
Input File: Shows the name of the image file to be exported.
Layers: Shows the number of layers in the input file.
Rows: Shows the number of rows in the input file.
Cols: Shows the number of columns in the input file.
exported image. Only the contrast options that apply for the selected input file is displayed.
➲ Contrast Options only apply to athematic images.

Apply Contrast Table Apply the Contrast Table in the input file to the output pixel values.
Applying the Contrast Table to the pixel values produces values from 0 to 1, which are then
multiplied by the Contrast Multiplier value before being written to the TIFF file.
➲ This option is only available if the input file has a contrast table.
Apply Standard Deviation Stretch Stretch the pixel values in the input file so that the
➲ This option is only available if the input file is Continuous.

Use Raw Pixel Values Write pixel values directly to the TIFF file without any changes.
➲ This option is only available if the image has both statistics and a contrast table.
Contrast Multiplier: Specify the Contrast Multiplier as described in the Apply Contrast
Table option.
Standard Deviations: Specify the number of standard deviations to use in the Standard
Deviation Stretch option.
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Export TIFF Data
Interface manual.
➲ For more information on the TIFF file format, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
184
Import TIGER
Import TIGER
This dialog allows you to import U.S. Census Bureau TIGER/Line data created after April, 1989.
The output file will be an ERDAS IMAGINE vector layer. Since the process will write many
temporary scratch files in the directory where you started ERDAS IMAGINE, and since a TIGER
file is normally quite sizable, be sure you have enough disk space to contain the temporary files
and output coverages.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type TIGER from the Import/Export dialog. In the
Import/Export dialog, you must enter the media type, the name of the file to convert, and then
left-click OK. If you specify an output file name in the Import/Export dialog, then that name is
used for the output line layer. You do not have to specify an output file name in that dialog. You
can just enter output file name(s) in this dialog.
after importing.
This importer also creates three INFO tables which contain important attribute information;
{LINECOV}.ACODE, {LABCOV}.XCODE, and {LNDMRKCOV}.XCODE.
The {LINECOV}.ACODE table contains ARC attributes which can be merged with the AAT table
of the line coverage using {LINECOV}-ID as the key.
The {LABCOV}.XCODE table contains point attributes which can be merged with the PAT table
(Point Attribute Table) of the label point coverage using {LABCOV}-ID as the key.
The {LNDMRKCOV}.XCODE table contains landmark attributes which can be merged with the
PAT table (Point Attribute Table) of the land mark coverage using {LNDMRKCOV}-ID as the key.
Other INFO tables might be created, too, depending on the input tiger files used:
{LINECOV}.TYPE3, {LNDMRKCOV}.TYPE8, {LABCOV}.TYPEI, {LABCOV}.TYPEA, and
{LABCOV}.TYPER
Output Line Coverage: Left-click this check box if you want to specify an output line
coverage. If you have specified an output coverage in the previous dialog, it will be displayed
here since, by default, it is the LINE coverage. This coverage is optional, but at least one
output coverage (line/point/landmark) must be specified.
Output Label Coverage: Left-click this check box to create an output label point
coverage. This coverage is optional, but at least one output coverage (line/point/landmark)
must be specified.
Output Landmark Coverage: Left-click this check box to create an output point
coverage from the landmark features in the input file. This coverage is optional, but at least
one output coverage (line/point/landmark) must be specified.
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Import TIGER
OK Left-click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog.
Cancel Left-click to cancel this process and close this dialog.
Batch Left-click to include this function in a batch file.
Help Left-click to see this On-Line Help document.

➲ For more information on the TIGER file format, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
Interface manual.
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Export to TIGER
Export to TIGER
This dialog allows you to export an ERDAS IMAGINE vector layer to a U.S. Census Bureau
TIGER/Line format file.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type TIGER from the Import/Export dialog. In the
This program is meant to work with the TIGER importer and expects the input coverages to have
coordinates in degrees and decimal fractions of a degree in latitude and longitude. The INFO files
should have the same items as created during importing.
☞ The TIGER export program should be used only on ERDAS IMAGINE files that have been
created with the TIGER import program.
☞ You must start ERDAS IMAGINE from the directory containing the input coverages and write
the output file to the same directory when converting landmarks or label points.
Input Label Point Coverage: Click this check box to create an output label point
coverage. This is optional.
Input Landmark Coverage: Click this check box to create an output landmark
coverage. This is optional.

➲ For more information on the TIGER file format, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
Interface manual.
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Import Landsat TM
Import Landsat TM
This dialog lets you import data from the Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) satellite sensor. The
options in this dialog are specific to importing Landsat TM data.
To open this dialog, select Import, and then any of the TM Landsat selections as the Type in
the Import/Export dialog. Select File as the Media
When you click the OK button, the Data Definition Filename dialog is opened. From this dialog
you must first select the Landsat data format. The choices are: ACRES, EOSAT, ESA, IRS, and
RADARSAT in both Standard and Fast Format.
Landsat TM Image Information This group shows the following information about the
selected input file.
Format: Shows the type of Landsat TM format.
Interleaving: Shows the Interleaving of data.
Bands: Shows the number of layers in the selected input file.
Height: Shows the number of rows in the selected input file.
Width: Shows the number of columns in the selected input file.
Image Calibration Method Select how to reference map information, and whether to
use the coordinates from the tape, CD, or file you are referencing. The referencing information
provided by your data determines your choices.
♦ If your data has no referencing information, select from these calibration options:
None Click this radio button to use neither the data’s corner nor heading coordinates to
reference map information.
Map Corners Click this radio button to use the data’s corner coordinates to reference
map information.
Center/Heading Click this radio button to use the data’s center and heading coordinates
to reference map information.
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Import Landsat TM
☞ According to Eurimage, some of the header information in their TM ESA datasets has been
shuffled around as far as corner coordinate locations. This may cause incorrect rotation of
calibrated or georeferenced TM ESA scenes. If you want these scenes to be calibrated select
the Center/Heading option under Image Calibration Method in the Import Landsat TM dialog
to obtain reasonable calibration.
♦ If your data has some referencing information, select from these calibration options:
None Click this radio button to use none of the data’s provided parameters to reference
map information.
Map Info Click this radio button to use the parameters provided with your data to
reference map information.
♦ If you have geocoded data, select this calibration option:

This image is geocoded. No referencing is needed. This radio button is activated by
default. Geocoded images do not require further calibration.
Landsat TM Map Information This group shows map information about the selected
input file.
Projection: Shows the map projection used.
ULX: Upper left map coordinate (longitude) of the input file.
ULY: Upper left map coordinate (latitude) of the input file.
LRX: Lower right map coordinate (longitude) of the input file.
LRY: Lower right map coordinate (latitude) of the input file.
Ok Click to run this process with the options selected and close this dialog
Overrides Click to change the number of tapes or bands on the selected media. The
Landsat TM Overrides dialog is opened.
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Import Landsat TM
Batch Click to include this process in a Batch Wizard.

Interface manual.
➲ For more information on Landsat TM satellite data, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
➲ See the “Import/Export” section of the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides for step-by-step
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Landsat TM Overrides
Landsat TM Overrides
This dialog lets you override the number of tapes or bands to import. This option is rarely used,
but is necessary if the header information is incorrect. For example, if the header reports that 7
bands are contained on one tape, but you know that they are contained on three tapes.
This dialog is opened when you click the Overrides button in the Import Landsat TM dialog.
Number of Bands: Enter the number of bands in the volume set.
Number of Tapes: Enter the number of tapes in the volume set.
Ok Click to apply the overrides and close dialog.
Cancel Click to cancel without applying the overrides.
Help Click to display this help file.

Interface manual.
➲ For more information on Landsat TM satellite data, see the “Raster and Vector Data Sources”
➲ See the “Import/Export” chapter of the ERDAS IMAGINE Tour Guides for step-by-step
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Data Definition Filename
Data Definition Filename

When importing Landsat data, you must specify the data format. This dialog is automatically
displayed over the Import Landsat TM dialog.
Data Definition File Click this popup list to select the DDF file that defines the ephemeris
data for the format that you are importing.
ACRES Fast Format
ACRES Standard Format
EOSAT Fast Format
EOSAT Standard Format
ESA Fast Format
ESA Standard Format
Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) Fast Format
Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) Standard Format
RADARSAT Fast Format
RADARSAT Standard Format
Ok Click to use the selected DDF.
Cancel Click to cancel this operation.
Help Click to display this help file.
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Import Landsat-7 Fast L7A

This is the main window for the Landsat 7 Fast Format importer. This importer supports the
ACRES and EROS naming conventions for this data; or the user may specify the files manually.
To open this dialog, select TM Landsat-7 Fast-L7A ACRES, TM Landsat-7 Fast-L7A EROS,
Landsat-7 Fast-L7A EROS, or Landsat-7 Fast-L7A ACRES from the Import/Export dialog.
Landsat-7 Fast L7A Information: Displays information about the currently selected
input file. This information will not be displayed until the header file has been fully processed
by the importer.
Input: Displays the name of the file or device that is the source of the data to be imported.
Sensor: Name of the sensor aboard the satellite that was used to collect this data.
Type: Displays the type of the pixels in the dataset.
Size: Displays the size of the product as one of fullscene, subscene or mapsheet
Level: Displays the level of procession as one of Systematic, Precision, Terrain,

Radiometric or Raw.
Output: Displays the name of the output Imagine file.

Satellite: Displays the name of the satellite that was used to acquire the data.
Bands: Displays the number of input band in the data.
Rows: Displays the number of rows of input data.
Columns: Displays the number of columns of input data.
Map Projection Information: Displays information about the map projection and
coordinates of the selected input file.
Projection: Displays the name of the map projection of the input data.
ULX: Displays the upper left X (longitude) coordinate of the input data.
ULY: Displays the upper left Y (latitude) coordinate of the input data.
Units: Displays the units of the input map projection data.
LRX: Displays the lower right X (longitude) coordinate of the input data.
LRY: Displays the lower right Y (latitude) coordinate of the input data.
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Calibration Options: These options allow calibration of greater than zero oriented input
data.
None If this radio button is selected, no calibration will be performed.
Map Corner If this radio button is selected, the importer will store a transformation matrix
after the import for rectification.
Previous Image Rewind to the previous image
Next Image Forward to the next image
OK Click to import this image with the options selected and close this dialog.
Cancel Click to close this dialog and cancel the import.
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L7A Header File Name
L7A Header File Name

This dialog appears when the Landsat 7 importer cannot find a header file on the CDROM that
was specified for a CDROM import. This error may occur if the header file on the CDROM does
not match the expected naming convention or if the CDROM in the drive does not contain any
Landsat 7 data.
Filename: The name of the header file to be used for this import.
OK: Click to run this process with the header file specified in Filename and close this dialog.
Cancel: Click to close this dialog and cancel the import.
Help: Click to open this On-Line Help document.
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L7A: BSQ Band Files
L7A: BSQ Band Files

This dialog appears when the Landsat 7 importer cannot find the band files for the image that is
to be imported. This error may occur if the band files are not in the correct directory or do not
follow the expected naming convention. Using this dialog, the band files can be selected
manually by the user.
Filename: Select the file containing the data for the current band.
Band #: The band number whose file name will be set when the Set button is clicked.
Set: Set the chosen file to the current band.
OK: Click to import the image with the bands selected and close this dialog.
Help: Click to open this On-Line Help document.
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L7A: Header File Error
L7A: Header File Error

This dialog indicates that an error occurred while the importer was attempting to find a valid
header file on a CDROM. This error may occur if the header file on the CDROM does not match
the expectecd naming convention or if the CDROM in the drive does not contain any Landsat 7
data. The following options are available:
Select new header file: Click to proceed to the L7A Header File Name dialog.
197
L7A: Band File Error
L7A: Band File Error

This dialog indicated that an error occurred while the importer was attempting to find the band
files for the image that is being imported. This error may occur if the band files are not in the
correct directory or do not follow the expected naming convention. The following options are
available:
Select Band File(s) Click to proceed to the L7A: BSQ Band Files dialog.
Quit Cancel the import.
198
Import VPF
Import VPF
This dialog enables you to import a VPF coverage or table into an ERDAS IMAGINE vector layer
or attribute table. VPF data are coverages developed by ESRI for the Defense Mapping Agency’s
Digital Chart of the World.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type as VPF from the Import/Export dialog. In
the Import/Export dialog, you must enter the name of the file to convert, the new output file name,
and then click OK.
Optional conversion control file: Optionally, you can specify a file that is used to
drop, add, change, or ignore columns and other information during the import. The default file
extension is .ccf.
Attach Output Info Tables to Coverage: Click to attach all output INFO tables with
the output coverage (applicable only when importing a VPF coverage). This means that the
names of all output INFO tables will have the coverage name as a prefix. This ensures that
all output tables have unique names and are a part of the output coverage data. This is the
default and recommended option.
If this option is disabled, not all INFO output tables will be attached to the output coverage.
The unattached tables may not have unique names and therefore may conflict with existing
INFO tables in the output workspace. The importer may not complete successfully due to this
reason. For instance, importing two or more VPF tiles (adjacent coverages) to the same
workspace may encounter this problem as the importer may attempt to create tables with the
same names when the second tile is being imported.
Input VPF Type: Specify whether you are importing a coverage or a table.
Cover Click to import a VPF coverage.
Table Click to import a VPF table.
Convert Extra VPF Tables Click to import non-standard VPF tables. This option is
applicable only when importing a VPF coverage.
This option needs to be selected only if the VPF coverage was created by exporting an Arc/
Info coverage, since some non-standard VPF tables might be created in the exporting
process. Using this option ensures that the imported coverage is identical to the original
coverage.
OK Click to import the data and close this dialog.
199
Import VPF

About Control Files
Control files are ASCII files that can be edited with any text editor.
Global Commands
Global commands are valid only when using TABLE option.
IGNORE <column_1 ... column_9)
<column_1 ... column_9> - Specify up to nine items to ignore.
COLUMNBECOMES <column><item><item_type><width>{out_width}{num_decimal}
COLUMNBECOMES is used to give VPF columns new item names and definitions in INFO.
ADDITEM <item><item_type><width>{out_width}{num_decimal}
ADDITEM adds new items.
Global Command Arguments:
<column> - VPF column name.
<item_name> - INFO item name.
<item_width> - the INFO width of the item.
<output_width> - the INFO output width for the item.
<item_type> - the INFO item type for item (B, c, D, F, I, and N)
{decimal_places} - the number of decimal places for the added item. This needs to be
specified for INFO item types N and F.
Feature Class Command
The FEATURECLASS command can be used to ignore certain VPF features when importing.
FEATURECLASS <vpf_feature_class> IGNORE
<vpf_feature_class> - Valid VPF feature class are <EPOINT | CPOINT| LINE | AREA |
TEXT.subclass>
200
Import VPF
Example Control File
/*county.ccf (name of the control file)

/* start of import section
IMPORT
/*
/* Global section -- valid only in importing a vpf table
IGNORE CDNUMBER
COLUMNBECOMES cnty_fips cntyfips i 10 10
ADDITEM vpfimport c 40 40
/*
/* Feature class command -- appropriate when importing a vpf coverage
FEATURECLASS LINE IGNORE
/*
end
➲ For more information on conversion control files, see the ARC/INFO documentation.
Interface manual.
201
Export VPF
Export VPF
This dialog enables you to export an ERDAS IMAGINE vector layer (i.e., ARC/INFO coverage)
or attribute table (i.e., INFO file) to a VPF coverage or table. When you export a coverage to VPF,
you need to specify not only the VPF file name, but also the VPF library name and database
name. For this reason you do not have to specify an output file name in the Import/Export dialog.
This dialog is opened when you select the file Type VPF from the Import/Export dialog, then
click OK.

☞ While exporting coverages to VPF format, after clicking the OK button in the Export VPF
dialog to start the process, an error message “Control file does not exist” appears. You have
to click on the Specify a Conversion Control File button to specify the conversion control
file, or cancel that dialog in order to run the process.
Input Arc/Info File Type: Indicate whether you are converting a coverage or a table.
Arc/Info Coverage Click to export a coverage.
INFO File Click to export a table.
Input Arc/Info Cover: Enter the name of the coverage to export to VPF. This file name
defaults to the name entered in the Import/Export dialog. You can change the name here if
you desire.
This option is disabled if you are exporting a table.
Specify Output VPF Coverage: Enter the full path of the output VPF coverage
including the database directory, library directory, and coverage directory. For example:
<path>/vpf_db/vpf_lib/vpf_cov
If the database and library directories do not exist they will be created.
202
Export VPF
Specify Output Tile Name: VPF coverages can be continuous or tiled. If you do not
specify a tile name here, the output VPF coverage will be continuous (a single coverage).
If you do specify a tile name here, the output will be tiled. The tile is placed under the VPF
coverage as a directory (<path>/<database>/<library/<coverage>/<tile>). For example, if the
output VPF coverage path is:
<path>/vpf_db/vpf_lib/vpf_cov
and if you specify a tile name as “tile_1,” then a tile directory will be created under the
coverage directory with the following path:
<path>/vpf_db/vpf_lib/vpf_cov/tile_1
In order to create a tile, VPF requires that a special coverage called “tileref” exist under the
library directory which defines the geographic extent and names of the tiles for all tiled
coverages within a particular VPF library, This coverage contains area features which define
the extents of each tile and contains the name of the tile. Therefore, you must create the tileref
coverage before you can create a tiled VPF coverage. Otherwise the program will exit with an
error message.
Convert Extra Arc/Info Tables Determine whether all files should be converted to
VPF files or not.
This option should be selected if you plan to convert the data back into ERDAS IMAGINE
format again.
Specify a Conversion Control File ... Optionally, you can specify a file that is used
to drop, add, change, or ignore items and other information during conversion. The
Conversion Control File dialog is opened.
Set the Fit Flag The Fit Flag enables you to create FIT tables. These are VPF tables
which are essentially indices for relating features and primitives. These tend to increase
performance for applications accessing the VPF data from a feature level. Most of the VPF
products are created with these tables. These tables are not required.
Specify Input INFO File: Enter the name of the input INFO file.
This option is disabled if you are exporting a coverage.
203
Export VPF
Specify Output VPF Table File: Enter the name of the output VPF table file. The
name you specify will be in the <path>/<database>/<library/<coverage> directory.
If the database and library directories do not exist they will be created.
This option is disabled if you are exporting a coverage.
OK Click to export the data and close this dialog.

Interface manual.
204
Conversion Control File

This dialog enables you to specify a conversion control file to use when exporting ERDAS
IMAGINE vector layers to VPF format. This file controls what items are exported. It is opened
when you click Specify a Conversion Control File in the Export VPF dialog.
Conversion Control File: Enter the name of the conversion control file. The default file
extension is .ccf.
OK Click to use this file and close this dialog.

About Control Files
Control files are ASCII files that can be edited using a text editor.
Global Commands
IGNORE <item_1 . . item_9>
<item_1 . . . item_9> - Specify up to nine items to ignore.
When in the global section of the control file, the IGNORE command can be used only when you
are exporting an INFO table. If you are exporting a coverage and want to ignore an item in a
table, you must place the ignore command in the feature class section of the control file.
For example, if you want to ignore an item (say, state_fips) in the PAT file of a coverage using
COVER option, this will NOT work:
EXPORT
/*Global section
IGNORE state_fips
Instead, you should do this:
FEATURECLASS POLY
IGNORE STATE_FIPS
SET <table> <column> <value>
<table> - VPF table name. Valid tables are DHT, LAT, CAT, GRT, LHT, and DQT.
<column> - VPF column name
205
<value> - constant value VPF column is set to.
Feature Class Command
The FEATURECLASS command controls the way simple VPF feature classes are converted.
The subcommands define how the INFO table will be exported.
FEATURECLASS <arc_feature_class> {feature_table | IGNORE}
<arc_feature_class> - valid ARC/INFO feature classes are <ARC |NODE | POINT | POLY
| ANNO.subclass |TIC | LINK | BND | SECTION |ROUTE >
{feature_table | IGNORE} - VPF table name to be created. This option is used to either
rename or ignore the specified <arc_feature_class>.
Feature Class Subcommands
Subcommand ITEMBECOMES is used to give INFO items new column names and definitions in
output VPF tables. ADDCOLUMN adds new columns and IGNORE is used to specify up to nine
INFO items that will not be written to the VPF table.
ITEMBECOMES <item> <column> <col_type> <count> {keytype} {description}
ADDCOLUMN <column> <col_type><count> {keytype} {description}
Feature Class Subcommand Arguments
<item> - INFO item name.
<column> - VPF column name.
<col_type> - VPF column type (B,C,D,F,I,K,R,S,T,X,Y and Z).
<keytype> - VPF column key type (P, U, N and F).
<count> - valid only for character items, all others default to 1. For INFO characters items with
a width greater than 32, the VPF column count will be of variable length.
{description} - VPF column description (maximum 80 characters).
206
Conversion Control File Example
/* states.ccf (name of conversion control file)

/* start of export section
EXPORT
/* global section
IGNORE date -- valid only in exporting an INFO table
/*
FEATURECLASS poly
ITEMBECOMES state_fips fips I # N “State fips code”
ITEMBECOMES sub_region region T 7 N “The region the state is located”
/*
FEATURECLASS line
ITEMBECOMES st_name state T 41 U “State in which line feature is located”
end
➲ For more information on conversion control files, see the ARC/INFO documentation.
Interface manual.
207
Preview Options
Preview Options
This dialog enables you to select options for the preview image. These options will not affect the
imported file—this is for preview only. This dialog is opened when you click Preview Options
from the data import dialog you are using (for example, Import TIFF, Import Generic, etc.).
Size: Click on this popup list to select the size for the image to display, 512 or 1024. The
importer will produce a reduced version of the image which is no larger than either 512 x 512
or 1024 x 1024.
Preview Bands: Lets you select the bands and assign bands to color guns for display
in the Preview image.
To preview only one band, enter the same number for all three color guns. (e.g., 1,1,1)
Red: Enter the band to display in the red color gun.
Green: Enter the band to display in the green color gun.
Blue: Enter the band to display in the blue color gun.
Coordinate Type: Click the appropriate radio button to select the type of coordinates to
use. If the input file does not have map coordinates, the coordinate type will automatically
default to File. If the input file does have map coordinates, the coordinate type will default to
Map.
File Uses file coordinates, which are pixels, starting with 0,0 in the upper left corner.
Map Uses map coordinates if these data are rectified.
Subset Definition: Use this group to define a subset area of the data to preview. The
default coordinates show the entire file.
UL X: The X coordinates of the upper left corner of the subset area.
UL Y: The Y coordinates of the upper left corner of the subset area.
LR X: The X coordinates of the lower right corner of the subset area.
LR Y: The Y coordinates of the lower right corner of the subset area.
Decimation: Click on this popup list to select the method of decimation: Nearest
Neighbor, Average.
208
Preview Options
Decimation is the method by which the image is reduced. It is similar to the resampling
method used by rectification. If the image is being reduced by a factor of n, each n x n square
of pixels in the input image becomes a single pixel in the reduced output image.
Using Nearest Neighbor decimation, the upper left pixel in the n x n square is used in the
output image. Using Average decimation, the average of the pixels in the square is used.
OK Click to accept the options selected and close this dialog.
From Inquire Box Click this button to define a subset area of the data by using the
Viewer Inquire Box. When you click this button, the coordinates below are updated with the
coordinates of the cursor box in the Viewer.
To change these coordinates, you can move and/or resize the cursor box in the Viewer, then
click this button again.
The image you are using must already be displayed in a Viewer and the Inquire Box open in
order to use this option.

Interface manual.
209
Import Options
Import Options
This dialog enables you to select options for importing .img files.
This dialog is opened when you click Import Options in the import dialog you are using (for
example, Import TIFF, Import Generic, etc.).
Output Data Compression: Click on this popup list to select the compression method
to use.
None Do not compress the data.
Run Length Use run-length encoding compression.
Output Data Type: Click on this popup list to select the output data type.
Block Size: Enter the output block size.
Select Layers: Enter the layers to be imported as a comma separated list (i.e., 1,3,5) or
enter ranges of layers using a colon (:) (i.e., 2:5).
Number of Input Layers: Shows the number of layers available for importing.
Create Pyramid Layers Click to create pyramid layers.
Ignore Zero in Output Stats. Click to ignore zero data file values when statistics are
calculated.
default to File.
File Use file coordinates, which are pixels, starting with 0,0 in the upper left corner.
Map Use map coordinates, if the data are rectified.
Subset Definition: Use this group to define a subset area of the data to import. The
UL X: The X coordinates of the upper left corner of the subset area.
UL Y: The Y coordinates of the upper left corner of the subset area.
210
Import Options
LR X: The X coordinates of the lower right corner of the subset area.
LR Y: The Y coordinates of the lower right corner of the subset area.

Interface manual.
211
CD-ROM File Name
CD-ROM File Name

This dialog enables you to manually select a file to import on a CD-ROM. This dialog is opened
if IMAGINE does not find the expected path or file name(s) when importing data from CD-ROM.
Filename: Use this file name part to select the file to import. There is no default file
extension.
OK Click to import the selected file and close this dialog.

Interface manual.
212
Data Stretch on Export

This dialog enables the user to perform a contrast stretch upon pixel values during export. It
opens when you select Data Stretch... from the Export GRID, Export Generic Binary, or Export
SDTS Raster dialogs. This process can only be performed on athematic images, and might be
desirable if the software you are exporting to cannot enhance the contrast.
NOTE: This option should be used with care, because it provides contrast by altering the
exported pixel values, which could distort their meaning. For example, you might use a contrast
stretch on a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) image to highlight the elevation differences during
viewing. The contrast information is added to the image without modifying the original pixel
values. If you apply that contrast information during export, the exported image will have more
contrast but the elevation readings will no longer be correct.
The stretch options available depend upon whether statistics have been computed for the image
and whether any contrast adjustment has been done in the Viewer. If statistics are present, then
a standard deviation stretch may be performed based upon those statistics. If the image’s
contrast has been adjusted, then that same adjustment can be applied to the pixel values during
export. If there are statistics and contrast adjustments, then the user may apply either type of
stretch or select the Use Raw Pixel Values option, which exports the original pixel values
without any sort of stretch.
For either type of stretch, you can control the range that the values are stretched into under
Minimum Stretch Value and Maximum Stretch Value. The default is the full range of the output
integer pixel value, or, for real numbers, a very large range. Pixel values might fall outside that
range if they exceed the specified number of standard deviations, but the stretched value must,
of course, fall into the range of the output pixel value.
Apply Contrast Table Click to apply the contrast table to the data stretch.
Apply Standard Deviation Stretch Click to apply a standard deviation stretch to the
data stretch.
Use Raw Pixel Values Click to export the original pixel values without any sort of stretch.
Standard Deviations: If you select a standard deviation stretch, you can control the
number of standard deviations involved. By default, the stretch involves 2 standard deviations
above and below the mean.
Minimum Stretch Value: Enter the minimum output pixel value after the stretch is
complete.
Maximum Stretch Value: Enter the maximum output pixel value after the stretch is
complete.
213
OK Click to apply the data stretch on export.
Cancel Click to cancel the edits made and close this dialog.
214
Export Options
Export Options
This dialog enables you to select options for exporting .img files.
This dialog is opened when you click Export Options... in the export dialog you are using (for
example, Export TIFF, Export Generic, etc.).
Number of Input Layers: Shows the number of layers available for exporting.
Select Layers: Enter the layers to be exported as a comma separated list (i.e., 1,3,5) or
enter ranges or layers using a colon (:) (i.e., 2:5).
default to File.
File Uses file coordinates, which are pixels, starting with 0,0 in the upper left corner.
Map Uses map coordinates, if these data are rectified.
Subset Definition: Use this group to define a subset area of the data to export. The
UL X:
UL Y: The X and Y coordinates of the upper left corner of the subset area.
LR X:
LR Y: The X and Y coordinates of the lower right corner of the subset area.
OK Click to accept these parameters and close this dialog.
215
Export Options
Interface manual.
216

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Import/Export

Printed in the United States of America.

ERDAS Proprietary - Delivered under license agreement.

Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Raster Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Using ERDAS Ver. 7.X Files Within IMAGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

LAN and GIS Files - Image Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

STA Files- Statistical Trailers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

TRL Files - GIS Trailer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

PRO Files - Projections Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Space Oblique Mercator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Output File Name (ADRG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Output File Name (ADRI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Import ARC GENERATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Export to ARC GENERATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Import Generic ASCII Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Import ASCII Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

ASCII Import Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Import ASCII File To Point Coverage (from Importer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Import ASCII File To Point Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Import AVHRR (NOAA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Import AVHRR Data (Dundee Format) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Import AVHRR (Sharp) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Write Auxiliary Information provided by SHARP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Import DEM Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Export Digital Elevation Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

DEM Header Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Import Digital Ortho Quad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Import JPEG Compressed-DOQ Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Export Digital Ortho Quad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

DOQ Header Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Additional Nations, States and Counties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Source DEM Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Source Photo Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Import DTED Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Import DXF To Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Set Map Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

Export to DXF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Export Annotation to DXF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Import ERS (CEOS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Import ETAK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Import Generic Binary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

BSQ Band Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

Load Options File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Save Options File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Export Generic Binary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Write Header Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Import ERDAS GIS Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Export ERDAS 7.5 GIS Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Import GRASS Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Export GRASS Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

Import GRD Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Export GRD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Import GRID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Export GRID Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Import IGDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Export to IGDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Import IGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Export to IGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Import IRS-1C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

IRS-1C Header File Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

IRS-1C Header File Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

IRS-1C Band File Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

IRS-1C BSQ Band Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148