MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

1. INTRODUCTION
Medical Wireless sensor networks enable vital sign monitoring of a patient by the medical staff or doctors over a remote location. This project enables the measurement of ECG, Blood Pressure and Pulse rate by employing inexpensive and non-cumbersome vital-sign monitors which reports the data to a remotely located host PC whereby a database of the patients history is maintained. A communication link exists between wearable medical sensors and application running on the host PC. The medical sensors are integrated with the wireless modules (Micaz mote) through a microcontroller circuitry (PIC18F452 programmed in MikroC) and data acquisition board. Micaz motes have been programmed through TinyOS in nesC dialect whereby data packet format is defined and configuration related to transmission and reception of data is done. The application running on the host PC (MATLAB) accepts data from the TCP server existing between the host PC and Ethernet Gateway. Data is analyzed at the application whereby database is maintained and updated on the website at regular intervals. The analysis and data presented at the host PC was verified for accuracy and validity by medical specialists from the Federal Services Hospital, Islamabad.

2. WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE PACKAGE

The following devices/equipment is included in the package for deployment of Wireless sensor network for patient monitoring:
ITEM A & D , UA-767PC ---BP Sensor Vernier EKG Sensor MDA 100 --- Data Acquisition Board Interface Circuitry Board MICAZ Mote MIB 600 Ethernet Cable CD including Application Software Quantity 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1

MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

The Devices/equipment included is shown below: 1. A&D UA767-PC 2. Vernier EKG Sensor

Figure 1 A&D UA767 PC Blood Pressure Monitor

Figure 2 Vernier EKG BTA

3. Data Acquisition Board

4.

Hardware Interface Circuitry Board

Figure 3 MDA100CB

Figure 4 Interface Circuit Board

5. Wireless Transceiver

6.

Gateway Board

Figure 5 MPR2400CB Micaz Mote

Figure 6 MIB600 CA Ethernet Gateway

MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

3. KEY FEATURES
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Systolic/Diastolic Blood Pressure, Pulse Rate and ECG Measurement Remote Patient Monitoring Non-cumbersome Patient Monitoring System Maintenance of Long Term Database of Patients Data Access and Prescription facility for registered doctors over the internet

4. HARDWARE INSTALLATION
4.1 INTERCONNECTION DIAGRAM

BP and EKG Sensors

Interface Circuitry

Data Acquisition Board

Micaz Mote

Figure 7 Hardware Connections on Patient's End

Base Station Micaz Mote

MIB600CA Ethernet Gateway

RJ-45 LAN Cable

Host PC

Figure 8 Hardware Connections at Remote Monitoring End

MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING 4.2 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Electrodes with Gel Power Supply of 3V for MICAz Mote Power Supply of 5V for Medical Sensors and Hardware Circuitry Intel Pentium 4 PC with a LAN port Internet Connectivity with PC

4.3 INSTALLATION STEPS

The whole process of establishing the interconnection of system requires that equipment used in the system is connected correctly. Following phases will demonstrate the steps of interconnection of devices used in the system: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Connection of ECG Sensor to the patient Connection of BP Sensor to the patient Interface Circuitry and Sensors Connection Connection of Interface Circuitry to MICAZ Mote BASE STATION connection with PC

Details of the above mentioned steps are as follows:

4.3.1 CONNECTION OF ECG SENSOR TO THE PATIENT

Following are the steps to connect ECG Sensor to the patient: a. b. c. d. e. f. Take out Vernier EKG Sensor from the pack Three electrodes with different Colors Clips are visible Attach the Black Clip Electrode on patients Right Lower arm Attach the Green Clip Electrode on patients Right Upper arm Attach the RED Clip Electrode on patients Left Upper arm Plug the Power cable of EKG Sensor into the Power Supply

Figure 9 Electrode Connections of ECG Sensor 4

MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

4.3.2 CONNECTION OF BP SENSOR TO THE PATIENT.

Following are the steps to connect BP sensor to the Patient: a. b. c. d. e. Take out the A&D UA-767PC from the Pack Put 4 AA Cells into the battery box at the back Attach the arm cuff valve with the BP sensor Wrap the Arm Cuff around patients right upper arm Make sure it is tightly wrapped around

Figure 10 Arm Cuff Connection on Patient

Figure 11 Air Cuff Connection with BP Sensor

4.3.3 INTERFACE CIRCUITRY AND SENSORS CONNECTION

Following steps need to be made to make a connection between Hardware Interface and Medical sensor: a. b. c. d. Take out the Hardware Interface Circuit from the pack Plug the Power cable of Circuit into Power Supply Attach the Two Pins Wire connection coming from Circuit to the EKG Sensor Attach the Three Pins Wire connection coming from circuit to the BP Sensor

4.4.4 CONNECTION OF INTERFACE CIRCUITRY TO MICAZ MOTE

Follow the steps below to make connection between Micaz Mote and Interface Circuitry:
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MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

a. b. c. d. e. Take out the MICAZ Mote from the Pack Make sure the power switch is initially turned as Power off Insert two AA cells into the Back jacket of Micaz mote Attach the MDA 100 board on top of MICAZ 51 pin connector Attach the four pins wire coming from Interface Circuitry to the four Pin jacket on top of MDA 100 board f. Turn ON the Power Switch at MICAZ mote
4.4.5 BASE STATION CONNECTION WITH PC

Follow the steps below to make connection between PC and Base Station: a. Take out the MIB600 Board from the pack b. Attach the second Micaz mote to the 51 connector available on MIB600 board c. Make sure that Power Switch is turned off and no cells are placed into the Micaz jacket d. Connect the LAN Cables one end to the RJ-45 Port on MIB600 and the other end to the PC e. Plug the Power cable into the Power Supply

5. GETTING STARTED WITH APPLICATION

5.1 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
Following are the system requirements for the optimum running of the application: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Modem Internet connectivity of 56 Kbps or more. RAM 1 GB (Recommended) Disk Space 1 GB Processor Intel x86 Processor Windows XP, Vista, 7

5.2 STARTING APPLICATION

Follow the steps below to start the MATLAB GUI application on your system: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Install the MATLAB Copy the M-Files from CD into the root directory of MATLAB Open MATLAB Double Click on the M-File Gui_final.m Click the play button on top of editors window The GUI application is launched

MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

Figure 12 Start GUI using this button

5.3 NAVIGATION AND FEATURES

This portion describes each button and menu of the application. The Application mainly comprises of two portions: 1. Patient Registration and Selection. 2. Live Readings and Database. Both of the above portions are explained as below:
5.3.1 PATIENT REGISTRATION AND SELECTION

The Screen below shows different panels included, when the application is first launched:

Figure 13 GUI Window showing Patient Registration and Patient Selection Panels 7

MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

It has three major purposes: a. New Patient New patient panel provides with number of patient related details forms, which are needed to be filled whenever a new patient is registered into the system b. Patient Search Search panel gives a freedom to search the database of patients for some particular patient. Patient search can be conducted on the basis of Name, patient ID or Node Address c. Patient Select Patient Select panels shows all the available patients in the database, with their names and patient ID. To view Details of any particular patient, scroll down to his name, click on his name and push the Select button
5.3.2 LIVE READINGS AND DATABASE.

The Screen shown below Shows the information related to some particular patient:

Figure 14 MATLAB GUI showing various panels 5.3.2.1 INFORMATION PANEL

This panel includes the details of patient. The details of patients 1 st name, last name, age, patient ID, node address and contact number are shown in a table in this panel. This table also can show the patient Systolic Pressure, Diastolic Pressure, Pulse rate and there abnormalities in terms of Low or High for some selected date.
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MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

Figure 15 Information Panel 5.3.2.2 PLOTS PANEL

There are three different plots shown for each patient. This includes: i. ii. iii. Systolic and Diastolic Pressure Plot Heart Rate Plot ECG Plot

Figure 16 Plot Panel 9

MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

5.3.2.3 EVENTS PANEL

The Events panel has two portions. One is for Blood Pressure and Pulse rate, and Second for ECG. Both the portions shows all the dates and times, at which the readings were taken for this particular patient. For any selected date and time, the Plot panel discussed above shows the plot for that particular date and time.

Figure 17 Events Panel 5.3.2.4 LIVE READING PANEL

Live reading Panel gives the freedom to take real time reading of the patient at that very moment. To take Live Blood Pressure and Pulse rate reading press the BP Button. To take the ECG readings, Press the ECG button in live reading panel.

Figure 18 Live Reading Panel 10

MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

5.3.2.5 WEB UPLOADS PANEL

At any time, data can be uploaded on the Wireless sensor network Website by pressing the upload button in Web upload panel. This button makes a connection with the website and uploads all data available for particular patient on the website. This panel also shows the prescriptions issued by the doctor regarding the condition of the patient. At any time doctor can make a prescription on the website related the data he obtains and that prescription can be downloaded in the application by pressing the prescription button.

Figure 19 Web Uploads Panel 5.3.2.5 STATUS PANEL

The Status panel shows the current status of the application. Pressing any button activates some process, whose status can be seen in this panel.

Figure 20 Status Panel

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MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

TROUBLE-SHOOTING
1. Micaz Motes RED LED not blinking Replace the cells Reset the interface circuitry using reset button of the Circuit Board If the problem persist get the Micaz mote reinstalled 2. MIB600CA not working Check the power supply (Adapter) Check the Ethernet cable (RJ-45), replace with new straight cable Execute Lantronix Device Installer to check if IP is properly assigned 3. GUI not starting Check whether Root Directory is properly set to the directory containing copied GUI file Clear all existing commands and memory buffers of MATLAB by entering clear all and close all Restart MATLAB and re-run MATLAB GUI file provided with the setup 4. Blood Pressure readings not being transmitted Check whether arm cuff is properly connected to Blood Pressure sensor Replace battery cells of the Blood Pressure monitor Check if the connector from blood pressure sensor to interface circuit is properly fixed 5. ECG Sensor readings not being transmitted working Check USB power cable of the ECG sensor Check if connector from ECG sensor to interface circuit is properly fixed 6. Website not responding Check internet connection Check if the doctor or medical practitioner is registered in the system If there is communication problem between WEBSITE and MATLAB check that there are no proxies

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MEDICAL WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK FOR REMOTE PATIENT MONITORING

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 1 2. WHAT IS INCLUDED IN THE PACKAGE ....................................................................................................... 1 3. KEY FEATURES ........................................................................................................................................... 3 4. HARDWARE INSTALLATION ....................................................................................................................... 3 4.1 INTERCONNECTION DIAGRAM............................................................................................................ 3 4.2 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS .............................................................................................................. 4 4.3 INSTALLATION STEPS........................................................................................................................... 4 4.3.1 CONNECTION OF ECG SENSOR TO THE PATIENT ......................................................................... 4 4.3.2 CONNECTION OF BP SENSOR TO THE PATIENT............................................................................ 5 4.3.3 INTERFACE CIRCUITRY AND SENSORS CONNECTION ................................................................... 5 4.4.4 CONNECTION OF INTERFACE CIRCUITRY TO MICAZ MOTE ......................................................... 5 4.4.5 BASE STATION CONNECTION WITH PC ........................................................................................ 6 5. GETTING STARTED WITH APPLICATION .................................................................................................... 6 5.1 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS..................................................................................................................... 6 5.2 STARTING APPLICATION...................................................................................................................... 6 5.3 NAVIGATION AND FEATURES .............................................................................................................. 7 5.3.1 PATIENT REGISTRATION AND SELECTION .................................................................................... 7 5.3.2 LIVE READINGS AND DATABASE................................................................................................... 8 TROUBLE-SHOOTING .................................................................................................................................. 12

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