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SUCCESSION
1st semester SY 2011-2012 Atty. Ethel R. Andico-Malabanan Professor COURSE DESCRIPTION: A comprehensive evaluation of the law on testate and intestate succession, including wills, institution of heirs, computation of legitimes of compulsory heirs, disinheritance and partition and distribution of the estate. The course also includes the rules of procedure in the settlement and administration of the estate of deceased person. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Come to class prepared. You are already in your Third Year in law school. Much is expected from you. 2. Use of cellular phone is absolutely prohibited. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. Civil Code of the Philippines (Succession) by Arturo Tolentino 2. SUCCESSION by Ruben Balane 3. Succession by Jurado GRADING SYSTEM: The final grade will be determined as follows: Quizzes Recitation Paper Assignment Midterm Exams Final Exams Case Digests 10 % 15 % 10 % 30 % 30 % 5% 100 %

REQUIREMENTS: 1. Paper Assignment Students in groups of 2 will be required to submit a research paper not more than 10 pages on a topic of their choice related to SUCCESSION. It may be a proposed change in the law or an in-depth research of a particular provision of law or a recent significant Supreme Court decision. The paper assignment must be submitted on or before the last day of classes. Late submission will not be given any credit.

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2. Recitation Every meeting or class day, students will be called randomly to recite on the provisions assigned for the day. In case the student is called, but he is absent then he will be given a grade of 5 for that day. 3. Quizzes Quizzes may be given on topics or cases assigned for the day or for topics discussed in previous sessions. Generally, quizzes, surprise or otherwise, will be given at the start of the class. 4. Mid-term exam The Mid-term exam is a two (2) hour exam to be given on the date assigned by the College for the class exam. It is a comprehensive exam testing the ability of the student to apply the knowledge of the law in practical situations. It will also include objective type of questions. 5. Final Exam The final exam is a two (2) hour exam to be given on the date assigned by the College for the class exam. 6. Case Digests Each student shall submit each meeting handwritten digests written on yellow paper of all the cases assigned for the day. Late submission will not be given any credit.

BONUS: A student with perfect attendance for the entire semester shall be entitled to an additional three (3) percentile points on his grade such that if a student has a computed grade of 85% based on the breakdown abovementioned, he/she will have a final grade of 88%.

COURSE OUTLINE1 June 18 & 25, 2011

I. Concept of Succession 1. Definition and Concept - Art. 774 & Art. 712 2. Subjects of Succession -- Art. 775, 782, 1026, 1029 a. Decedent b. Testator c. Heir
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The provisions stated herein refer to the articles in the New Civil Code of the Philippines.

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d. Devisee e. Legatee 3. Objects of Succession--Art. 776, 781, 1311, 1429, 1347 a. transmissible rights and obligations Alvarez v. IAC G.R. No. 68053 May 7, 1990 Johnny S. Rabadilla vs. CA G.R. No. 113725, June 29, 2000 b. rights and obligations extinguished by death NHA v. Almeida G.R. No. 162784 June 22, 2007 Estate of Hemady v. Luzon Srety 100 Phil 389 (1956) Belamala v. Polinar GR No. L-24093 Nov 18, 1967 c. restrictions Section 5, Rule 86 of the Rules of Court sale or dealings of future inheritance 4. Opening of Succession - Art. 777, 533, 1347, 1461, 130-131 Presumption of death - Arts. 390 & Art. 391; Arts. 50 - 51 of the Family Code 5. Kinds of Succession a. b. c. d. Testamentary Art. 779 Legal or intestate - Art. 960 Mixed - Art. 780 Contractual - Art. 130, 1347, Arts. 84 & 86 of the Family Code

July 2 & 9, 2011

TESTAMENTARY SUCCESSION II. WILLS 1. Definition - Art. 783 2. Characteristics a. purely statutory - Art. 783 b. free and voluntary act - Art. 839

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c. solemn and formal d. disposition of property - Art. 783 Seangio v. Reyes GR Nos. 140371-72 Nov 27, 2006 e. essentially revocable - Art. 828 f. testator has testamentary capacity - Art. 796, 797, 798 g. unilateral h. mortis causa Art. 777 Vitug v. CA 183 SCRA 755 i. testator must have animus testandi j. individual - Art. 818 k. purely personal act - Art. 784, 785, 786, 787 3. Interpretation of wills a. b. c. d. e. f. g. interpretation should favor validity - Art. 788 in case of ambiguities - Art. 789 interpretation of words - Art. 790 interpretation as a whole Art. 791 severability of invalid provisions - Art. 792 after-acquired property - Art. 793, 930 extent of interest covered - Art. 794

4. Law governing form a. as to time of execution - Art. 795 Enriquez v. Abadia G.R. No. L-7188 August 9, 1954 b. as to place of execution - Art. 17, 815, 816, 817, 810, 818, 819 5. Law governing content a. as to time - Art. 2263 b. as to successional rights - Art. 16 Jimenez v. Fernandez G.R. No. L-46364. April 6, 1990 Miciano v. Brimo G.R. No. 22595 Nov 1, 1924 Cayetano v. Leonidad 129 SCRA 522 III. TESTAMENTARY CAPACITY AND INTENT 1. Who may make a will a. age - Art. 797

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b. not disqualified by law - Art. 796 c. of sound mind - Art. 798, 799, 800 d. case of married women - Art. 802, 803 2. Supervening incapacity - Art. 801

July 16 & 23, 2011

IV. SOLEMINITIES OF WILL 1. Kind of Wills a. notarial - Art. 804 b. holographic - Art. 810 2. Notarial wills a. General requirements - Art. 804, 806 Abangan v. Abangan (1919) 40 Phil 476 Suroza v. Honrado (1981) 110 SCRA 388 b. specific requirements - Art. 805, 806 i. ii. iii. iv. v. subscribed attested and subscribed each and every page all pages must be numbered attestation clause

(memorize art. 805) Matias v. Salud G.R. No. L-10751 June 23, 1958 Garcia v. Lacuesta 90 Phil. 489 Noble v. Abaja 450 SCRA 265 Azuela v. CA 487 SCRA 206 Barut v. Cabacungan 21 Phil 461 (1912) Balonan v. Abellana G.R. No. L-15153 Aug 31, 1960 Nera v. Rimando G.R. No. L-5971 Feb 27, 1911 Taboada v. Rosal G.R. No. L-36033 Nov. 5, 1982 Icasiano v. Icasiano (1964) 11 SCRA 422 Cagro v. Cagro (1953) 92 Phil 1032 Cruz v. Villasor (1973) 54 SCRA 31 Gabucan v. Manta G.R. No. L-51546 Jan 28, 1980 Javellana v. Ledesma G.R. No. L-7179 97 Phil 258 (1955) Guerrero v. Bihis 521 SCRA 394 (2007) Ortega v. Valmonte 478 SCRA 247 (2005) Guerrero v. Bihis 521 SCRA 394 (2007)

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Azuela v. CA GR No. 122880 April 12, 2006 c. special requirements - Art. 807 & 808 Garcia v. Vasquez 32 SCRA 489 Alvarado v. Gaviola 226 SCRA 348

d. substantial compliance - Art. 809 Gil v. Murciano (1951) 88 Phil 260 Caneda v. CA (1993) 222 SCRA 781 Calde v. CA 322 SCRA 376 Cuevas v. Achacoso G.R. No. L-3497. May 18, 1951 e. Witnesses to wills i. who are competent - Art. 820, 821, 824 Gonzales v. CA 90 SCRA 183 ii. disqualifications 1. domiciled 2. not convicted of a crime iii. supervening incompetency Art 822 iv. competency of interested witnesses - Art. 823 3. Holographic wills a. general requirements Art. 804 i. in writing ii. language known to the testator b. specific requirements - Art. 810, 812, 813, 814 Roxas v. de Jesus G.R. No. 38338 Jan 28, 1985 Kalaw v. Relova G.R. No. L-40207 Sept 28, 1984 (132 SCRA 237) Ajero v. CA (1994) 236 SCRA 488 Labrador v. CA 184 SCRA 170 c. requirements for probate Art. 811 Gan v. Yap G.R. No. L-12190 August 30, 1958 (104 Phil. 509) Rodelas v. Aranza G.R. No. L-58509 Dec 7, 1982 (119 SCRA 16) Azaola v. Singson (1960) 109 Phil 102 Codoy v. Calugay 312 SCRA 333 (1999)

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July 30, 2011

V. INCORPORATION OF DOCUMENT BY REFERENCE - Art. 827 1. Purpose Unson v. Abella G.R. No. 17857 June 12, 1922 VI. CODICILS 1. Definition - Art. 825 2. Solemnities - Art. 826 VII. REVOCATION OF WILLS AND TESTAMENTARY DISPOSITION 1. Definition of revocation 2. When may revocation be effected Art. 828 3. Law governing revocation Art. 829 4. Modes of revocation - Art. 830 a. Revocation by implication of law b. Revocation by subsequent will/codicil/other writing c. Revocation by physical destruction a. Burning b. Tearing c. Canceling d. Obliteration Maloto v. CA G.R. No. 76464 Feb 29, 1988 (158 SCRA 451) Kalaw v. Relova, supra. 5. Implied revocation - Art. 831 Lipana v. Lipana (1940) 70 Phil 365 Gago v. Mamuyac G.R. No. 23317 Jan 29, 1927 (49 Phil. 902) 6. Effect of revocation - Art. 833, 834 7. Doctrine of dependent relative revocation - Art. 832 Molo v. Molo (1951) 90 Phil 37

Aug 6, 2011
VIII. REPUBLICATION AND REVIVAL OF WILLS - Art. 835, 836, 837 IX. ALLOWANCE OF WILLS - Art. 838 1. Concept of probate 2. Necessity of probate Heirs of Lasam v. Umengan 510 SCRA 496

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Seangio v. Reyes 508 SCRA 177 (2006) 3. Modes of probate 4. Effect of allowance of wills Gallanosa v. Arcangel (1978) 83 SCRA 676 De la Cerna v. Potot 12 SCRA 576 Maninang v. CA G.R. No. L-57848 June 19, 1982 Pastor v. CA (1983) 122 SCRA 885 Nepomuceno v.CA (1985) 139 SCRA 206 X. DISALLOWANCE OF WLLS - Art. 839, 1335, 1337, 1338, 1331 Pascual v. De la Cruz (1969) 28 SCRA 44 Reyes v. Barreto-Datu G.R. No. L-17818 Jan 20, 1967 XI. INSTITUTION OF HEIRS 1. Definition - Art. 840 2. Requisites for valid institutions of heirs - Art. 785 3. Effect of will institute no heir - Art. 841 4. Freedom of Disposition - Art. 842 5. Manner of designated an heir - Art. 843, 789 6. Disposition in favor of a definite class - Art. 845 7. Equality of heirs- first rule - Art. 846, 848 8. Individuality of institution- second rule - Art. 847 9. Simultaneity of institution- third rule - Art. 849 10. Institution based on a false cause - Art. 850 Austria v. Reyes (1970) 31 SCRA 754 11. Shares in the institution - Art. 851, 852, 853 12. Predecease of heirs - Art. 956

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XII. SUBSTITUTION OF HEIRS 1. Concept of substitution - Art. 857 2. Kinds of substitution - Art. 858 a. simple or common - Art. 859 b. brief or compendious - Art. 860 c. reciprocal - Art. 861 d. fideicommisary - Art. 863, 864, 865, 866, 867, 868, 869 i. Fiduciary ii. fideicommisary heir

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Rabadilla v. CA 334 SCRA 522 PCIB v. Escolin G.R. Nos. L-27860 & L-27896. March 29, 1974 Palacios v. Ramirez G.R. No. L-27952 Feb 15, 1982 Perez v. Garchitorena (1930) 54 Phil 431 Crisologo vs. Singson (1962) 4 SCRA 491 Vda de Kilayko v. Tengco (1992) 207 SCRA 600 3. Time-limitation on inalienability - Art. 870

August 20 or 21, 2011 Midterm Exams August 27, 2011

XIII. KINDS OF INSTITUTION 1. Simple or pure - Art. 777 2. Conditional - Art. 871 a. Kinds b. Inoperative conditions - Art. 872, 873, 874 c. Dispocicion captatoria - Art. 875 d. Compliance - Art. 876, 877 e. Effect Art. 1043 (3), 879, 880, 881, 884, 3. With a term a. Kinds - Art. 885 (1st par.) b. Effect - Art. 878, Art. 885 ( 2nd par.), Art. 880, c. Modal - Art. 882, 883 XIV. LEGITIME 1. Concept - Art. 886 Manongsong v. Estimo 404 SCRA 683 (2003) Sps. Joaquin v. CA 416 SCRA 263 (2003) Raymundo v. Vda de Suarez GR No. 149017 Nov 28, 2008 2. Who are entitled - Art. 887, 902 Baritua v. CA (1990) 183 SCRA 565 3. Concurrent of compulsory heirs and their corresponding legitimate Art. 888, 889, 890, 892, 893, 894, 895, 896, 897, 898, 899, 900 19, 2010 Art. 901, 903 4. Restrictions regarding the legitime - Art. 904, 872, 905, 906, 907, 1347 5. Determination or computation - Art. 908, 909, 910, 911, 912, 913 6. Freedom to dispose free portion - Art. 914

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7. Presumptive Legitime - Art. 51 Family Code Valdes v. RTC 260 SCRA 221 XV. PRETERITION - Art. 854, 906, 855, 918 1. Concept 2. Requisites Aznar v. Duncan (1966) 17 SCRA 590 Nuguid v. Nuguid (1966) 17 SCRA 449 Escuin v. Escuin (1908) 11 Phil 332 Lajom v. Leuterio (1960) 107 Phil 651 Balanay v. Martinez G.R. No. L-39247 June 27, 1975 Solano v. CA G.R. No. L-41971 Nov. 29, 1983 Acain v. IAC (1987) 155 SCRA 100 JLT Agro v. Balansag 453 SCRA 211 (2005)

Sept 3, 10, & 17, 2011

XVI. RESERVA TRONCAL - Art. 891 1. Concept 2. Requisites Chua v. CFI 78 SCRA 412 (1977) Edroso v. Sablan 25 Phil 295 Seines v. Esparcia 1 SCRA 750 (1961) Florentino v. Florentino 40 Phil 480 Padura v. Baldovino (1958) 104 Phil 1065 Gonzales v. CFI (1981) 104 SCRA 479 De Papa v. Camacho G.R. No. L-28032 Sept 24, 1986 Sumaya v. IAC G.R. No. 68843-44 Sept 2, 1991 (201 SCRA 178) Solivio v. CA 182 SCRA 119 (1990) Cano v. Director 105 Phil. 1 (1959) XVII. DISINHERITANCE - Art. 915, 916, 917, 918, 919, 920, 921, 922, 923 1. Concept 2. Requisites 3. Grounds XIX. LEGACIES AND DEVISES - Art. 924 up to Art. 959 PCIB v. Escolin, supra Fernandez v. Dimagiba G.R. No. 23638 & L- 23662 Oct 12, 1967 (21 SCRA 428)

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Belen v. Bank of PI (1960) 109 Phil 1008

Sept 24, 2011 & October 1, 2011

INTESTATE SUCCESSION XX. A. GENERAL PROVISIONS 1. When does it take place - Art. 960 2. Who are the intestate heirs - Art. 961 Rosales v. Rosales G.R. No. L-40789 Feb 27, 1987 3. Order of and share in intestate succession - Art. 962 De los Santos v. De la Cruz G.R. No. L-29192. Feb 22, 1971 Bagunu v. Piedad 347 SCRA 571 (2000) B. Relationships - Art. 963 up to Art. 969 C. Representations - Art. 970 up to Art. 977, Art. 982, Art. 902, Art. 992, Art. 1005, Art. 1006, Art. 1007, Art. 1008 Abellana-Bacayo v. Ferraris-Borromeo G.R. No. L-19382 Aug 31, 1965 Corpuz v. Corpuz G.R. No. L-22469. October 23, 1978 (85 SCRA 567) Sayson v. CA (1992) 205 SCRA 321 Manuel v. Ferrer 247 SCRA 476 XXI. ORDER OF INTESTATE SUCCESSION 1. Descending direct line Art. 983 Art. 988 up to Art. 992 Leonardo v. CA G.R. No. L-51263 Feb 28, 1983 Pascual v. Pascual-Bautista (1992) 207 SCRA 561 2. Estate of an illegitimate decedent a. legitimate children and descendants - Art. 903, Art. 983, 984, 985, 986, 987, 992 b. illegitimate children and descendents - Art. 990, 992 c. surviving spouse - Art. 995, 996, 997, 998, 999, 1000, 1001, 1002

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Santillon v. Miranda G.R. No. L-19281. June 30, 1965 3. Ascending Direct Line a. Legitimate parents and ascendants Art. 985, 986, 987, b. Illegitimate parents - Art. 993, 994 4. Collateral Line - Art. 1003 up to 1010 Bicomong v. Almanza G.R. No. L-37365 Nov 29, 1977 Bacayo v. Borromeo G.R. No. L-19382 Aug 31, 1965 5. The State Art. 1011 up to Art. 1014 PROVISIONS COMMON TO TESTATE AND INTESTATE SUCCESSION XXII. RIGHT OF ACCRETION 1. Concept - Art. 1015, 1016, 1019, 1020 2. In legal succession - Art. 1018 3. Compulsory succession Art. 1021 4. Testamentary Capacity and Intent - Art. 1022, 1023

October 8 & 15, 2011

XXIII. CAPACITY TO SUCCEED 1. Determination - Art. 1034, 1039 5. Who may succeed - Art. 1024, 1025, 1026, 1029, 1030 Parish Priest of Victoria v. Rigor 89 SCRA 493 6. Who are incapable of succeeding - Art. 1027, 1028, 1031, 1032, 1033, 7. Effect of alienations by the excluded heir - Art. 1036 8. Rights of the excluded heir - Art. 1035, Art. 1037 9. Liabilities of the excluded heir Art. 1033 10. Prescription of action - Art. 1040

XXIV. ACCEPTANCE AND REPUDIATION OF THE INHERITANCE 1. Concept - Art. 1041, 1042, 1043, 1044, 1045, 1046, 1047, 1048, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1052, 1053, 1054, 1055, 1056, 1057 Borromeo-Herrera v. Borromeo G.R. No. L-41171 July 23, 1987 Guy v. CA GR No. 163707 Sept 17, 2006

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XXV. COLLATION - Art. 1061 up to 1077 1. Concept 2. Purpose Dizon Rivera v. Dizon 33 SCRA 554 De Roma v. CA G.R. No. L-46903 July 23, 1987 XXVI. PARTITION AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE ESTATE - Art. 1078 up to Art. 1105 Tuason v. Araneta 88 Phil 428 (1951) Doromal v. CA G.R. No. L-36083 Sept 5, 1975 Bautista v. Grinio-Aquino G.R. No. 79958 October 28, 1988 Agro, Inc. v. Balansag G.R. No. 141882 Mar 11, 2005 Cua v. Vargas GR No. 156536 Oct 31, 2006

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