State Child Report

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A [hllOrCn' [lht nO Cll8'%29:!;(.&%<#(=!!
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Ch||d and outh Advocate (Cff|ce)
1he mandaLe of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe ls Lo lnvesLlgaLe complalnLs agalnsL admlnlsLraLlve declslons and acLs of
offlclals of Lhe n8 governmenL, agencles or organlzaLlons, and any of Lhe munlclpallLles of Lhe provlnce Lo deLermlne lf Lhe
declslons or acLlons were unreasonable, un[usL, oppresslve or dlscrlmlnaLory, or made under a mlsLake of law or facL, or
conLrary Lo law or by an abuse of dlscreLlon. As well as:

aLLenLlon,

-advocaLe abouL unaccepLable LreaLmenL,
s
>changes.

.C. 8ox 6000 hone: 1.888.463.1100 1.306.433.2789
lrederlcLon, n8 8ecepLlon: 1.306.433.2789 http:]]www.gnb.ca]0073]Ch||d-outhAdvocate]|ndex-e.asp
L38 3P1 lax: 1.306.433.3399

New 8runsw|ck nea|th Counc||
new 8runswlckers have a rlghL Lo be aware of Lhe declslons belng made, Lo be parL of Lhe declslon-
maklng process, and Lo be aware of Lhe ouLcomes dellvered by Lhe healLh sysLem and lLs cosL.

1he new 8runswlck PealLh Councll wlll fosLer Lhls Lransparency, engagemenL, and accounLablllLy by
engaglng clLlzens ln a meanlngful dlalogue, measurlng, monlLorlng, and evaluaLlng populaLlon healLh and healLh servlce quallLy, lnformlng clLlzens on Lhe

avlllon !.-8aymond-lreneLLe hone: 1.877.223.2321 1.306.869.6870 www.nbhc.ca
100 des AbolLeaux SLreeL, SulLe 2200 lax: 306.869.6282
MoncLon, n8
L1A 781

now to c|te th|s document:
Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe, LA? MA11L8S! 5 c k c k w-beloq ltomewotk fot New 8tooswlck,
Novembet 2011
CeLLe publlcaLlon esL dlsponlble en franals sous le LlLre !CuL8 A CCM1L ! l . uo coJte Jes Jtolts et Jo bleo-
poot le Nooveoo-8tooswlck
age 3 BCDE!FDGGH5,I!!10234!.94!E#?-0!8!!52:0-@!.94!J%33'%29:!;(.&%<#(=
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We are very pleased aL Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh
AdvocaLe and Lhe new 8runswlck PealLh Councll Lo presenL Lhls

ArLlcle 31 of Lhe unlLed naLlons cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe
cbllJ
1

and culLure. 1he reporL ls based upon Lhe Chlldren 8lghLs and
Wellbelng lramework whlch we are also unvelllng for a flrsL Llme
Loday. We hope Lhls lramework wlll serve Lo sLlmulaLe publlc
debaLe, lnform publlc pollcy-maklng and encourage research lnLo
-belng. We are commlLLed Lo [olnLly
publlsh Lhls reporL on an annual basls and hope Lo see year over
year lmprovemenLs ln our reporLlng and measuremenL processes
and ln Lhe near Lerm ln Lhe llves of new 8runswlck chlldren.

1hls reporL bullds upon Lhe earller SLaLe of Lhe Chlld 8eporLs
publlshed by Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe and Lhe ?ouLh
opulaLlon SnapshoL publlshed for Lhe flrsL Llme ln 2010 by Lhe
new 8runswlck PealLh Councll. 1he reporL Lhls year offers an
overvlew of Lhe rlghLs guaranLeed Lo new 8runswlck chlldren
under Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ and offers analysls
and commenLary by Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe on
Lhe appllcaLlon of Lhese rlghLs ln new 8runswlck, based upon Lhls

rlghLs and Lhe rlghLs Lo play, resL, recreaLlon, lelsure, arLs and
culLure.

1he daLa ls complled ln Lables aL Lhe back of reporL grouped ln a
serles of quesLlons whlch aLLempL Lo explaln ln very general
cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe
cbllJ. 1he new 8runswlck PealLh Councll has been careful Lo
selecL lndlcaLors whlch can be dlsaggregaLed based upon gender
and whlch as much as posslble are comparable Lo naLlonal
lndlcaLors Lo measure ouLcomes for new 8runswlck chlldren
agalnsL Lhelr Canadlan peers. We hope ln fuLure years Lo have
comparaLlve daLa based upon offlclal language communlLy and
llrsL naLlons ancesLry lncorporaLed lnLo our reporLlng framework.
1he new 8runswlck PealLh Councll has also produced a
compendlum reporL, avallable on lLs webslLe whlch breaks down

rlghLs and well-belng across dlfferenL parLs of Lhe provlnce.

We are encouraged by Lhe greaL amounL of lnLeresL wlLh whlch
Lhe publlcaLlon of Lhls reporL has been greeLed, ln parLlcular ln
C W
guaranLees seL ouL ln ArLlcle 31 are Lhe fundamenLal bulldlng
blocks of human developmenL. We urge all new 8runswlckers Lo
Lake Llme Lo read Lhrough Lhe followlng pages and resolve Lo Lake
sLeps lndlvldually ln Lhelr famllles and communlLles Lo lmprove Lhe
opporLunlLles for play, resL, recreaLlon, lelsure, arLs and culLure for
Lhe chlldren Lhey know.

ChrlsLlan Whalen
AcLlng Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe

SLephane 8oblchaud
Chlef LxecuLlve Cfflcer, new 8runswlck PealLh Councll


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Introduct|on age 8
In focus: Art|c|e 31 - 1 k k L k A C age 1S
Art|c|e 2 - 1he k|ght to Lqua||ty and Non-d|scr|m|nat|on age 28
Art|c|e 3 - 1 8 I C age 31
Art|c|e 6 - 1he k|ght to L|fe, Surv|va| and Deve|opment age 3S
Art|c|e 12 - 1he k|ght to kespect for the V|ews of the Ch||d age 38
Art|c|e 13 - Ireedom of Lxpress|on age 42
Art|c|e 16 - 1he Ch||d`s k|ght to r|vacy age 4S
Art|c|e 17 - 1he k|ght to Access Informat|on age 48
Art|c|e 18 - k U D C age S1
Art|c|e 19 - 1 k V I A N M age SS
Art|c|e 23 - k|ghts of Ch||dren w|th D|sab|||t|es age S8
Art|c|e 24 - 1 k n A S n age 62
Art|c|e 27 - 1 k A S L age 67
Art|c|e 28 - 1 k L age 71
Art|c|e 29 - 1 A L age 71
Art|c|e 30 - M I C k L k age 77
Art|c|es 37 and 40 - I k C I S age 79
C age 86

A New 8runsw|ck koad Map to the rogress|ve Imp|ementat|on of Art|c|e 31 of the !"#$%#&'"#("#(&)%((
( *'+)&,("-(&)%(!)'./( age 88
8 age 92
Ch||d and outh - k|ghts and We||- I age 101
1 I age 102
A V age 107
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lmporLanL acLlvlLy, a fundamenLal rlghL LhaL helps anchor all Lhe

1
as a socleLy consLanLly and rlgorously waLch over Lhe sLaLe of our
chlldren and youLh. 1hls obllgaLlon requlres LhaL we use all of Lhe
sclence and daLa avallable Lo us Lo creaLe a framework for analysls
l
reason, Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe of new
8runswlck and Lhe new 8runswlck PealLh Councll are pleased Lo
C 8 1
C 8 W l
LhaL wlll provlde a basellne Lo be lmproved upon ln years ahead as
an lndlcaLor and measure of our progress ln keeplng our promlses
Lo chlldren.

Cne goal of Lhls reporL ls Lo brlng LogeLher daLa and make lL easlly
accesslble across governmenL deparLmenLs, Lhe noL-for-proflL
secLor, Lhe research communlLy, and all oLher lnLeresLed groups.
A furLher goal ls Lo creaLe measurable lndlcaLors of chlld and
youLh well-belng and rlghLs fulflllmenL LhaL can Lhen be used as
performance lndlcaLors when evaluaLlng servlces Lo chlldren and
youLh. rlor Lo Lhe flrsL of Lhese reporLs Lhere had been no
n 8
1hls reporL represenLs a conLlnuaLlon and furLherance of Lhe work
requlred Lo recLlfy Lhls deflclency ln daLa collecLlon and analysls.

1hls reporL bullds upon Lhe opulaLlon PealLh ?ouLh SnapshoL
publlshed by Lhe new 8runswlck PealLh Councll ln 2010. lL
C ? A
sLaLlsLlcal reporL, and Lhe second Lo have a dedlcaLed focus on
n 8
chlldren under Lhe unlLed naLlons ConvenLlon oo tbe klqbts of tbe
cbllJ. 1hls lncreased focus on one ArLlcle ls noL meanL Lo deLracL
from Lhe lmporLance of all oLher rlghLs seL ouL ln Lhe cooveotloo.
no one ArLlcle ls of greaLer lmporLance Lhan any oLher. 1he
cooveotloo ls lndlvlslble and Lhe rlghLs found ln lLs ArLlcles are
lnLerdependenL. no ArLlcle of Lhe cooveotloo can be consldered
ln lsolaLlon. CovernmenLs musL Lherefore seek Lo adhere Lo and
promoLe all rlghLs ln Lhe cooveotloo ln a hollsLlc manner, Lo
achleve Lhe fullesL developmenL posslble of our chlldren.

1he adopLlon of Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ marked
a very declslve shlfL ln Lhe concepL of legal rlghLs for chlldren. 1he
shlfL was away from a narrow concepLlon of chlldren slmply as
people wlLh needs Lo a broader concepLlon of chlldren as people
wlLh rlghLs. AccepLance of Lhls concepLual change ls burgeonlng,
buL sLlll lncompleLe. Canada ls one of 193 sLaLe parLles LhaL have
raLlfled Lhe cooveotloo. We as a naLlon have assumed Lhe
obllgaLlon Lo monlLor adherence Lo and promoLlon of Lhe rlghLs
found ln Lhls semlnal LreaLy. noL only do chlldren possess
rlghLs,proLecLlon and promoLlon of Lhelr rlghLs deserve parLlcular
aLLenLlon because chlldren are a parLlcularly vulnerable group,
wlLh very llmlLed economlc, pollLlcal or soclal power. Chlldren
have no voLlng rlghLs. 1hey generally do noL parLlclpaLe ln Lhe
governmenLal pollcy declslons LhaL affecL Lhelr llves.
3
1helr means
of promoLlng and proLecLlng Lhelr rlghLs are mlnlmal. 1herefore,

or LhwarLed. lL ls Lhrough compleLe reallzaLlon of Lhe rlghLs
enshrlned ln Lhe cooveotloo LhaL our chlldren and youLh can fully
develop and Lhrlve.

1he LlLle of our reporL, lay MaLLers, seeks Lo relnforce Lhe facL

play chlldren are engaged ln crlLlcally lmporLanL developmenLal
acLlvlLy, lndlvldually ln Lhelr own llves, buL collecLlvely also ln Lhe
llves of Lhelr famllles and communlLles. ln Lhe Mlcmac and
MallseeL LradlLlon chlldren are respecLed as Lhe members of Lhe
communlLy wlLh Lhe glfL of vlslon, Lhey gaze lnwardly and offer us
lnLrospecLlon, Lhey look forward and offer us a gllmpse lnLo our
fuLure. We sLarL from Lhls shared premlse buL also from Lhe
reallzaLlon LhaL Lhe work we have of bulldlng a beLLer Lomorrow ls
a common enLerprlse ln whlch we are all engaged. Powever, we
are noL only lnvesLlng ln chlldren for Lhelr fuLure. We musL meeL

collecLlve Lomorrow - movlng forward LogeLher. lL ls Lhls ancesLral

gulde us. As !anusz korczak puL lL: chlldren are noL only clLlzens of
Lomorrow, Lhey are clLlzens of Loday.

8efore we ouLllne our meLhodology and lnLroduce Lhe broad
Lheme of Lhe 8lghL Lo lay, we pause Lo offer a brlef word of
explanaLlon regardlng korczak hlmself. ln each of Lhe secLlons of
our reporL below we lnLroduce some of Lhe maln rlghLs
guaranLeed under Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ and
C 8
Well-belng lramework. AL Lhe head of each secLlon we offer
varlous quoLes from Lhe works of !anusz korczak, a man ofLen
C

!anusz korczak was Lhe pen name of Penryk ColdszmlL, a
W
Penryk ColdszmlL sLarLed wrlLlng aL a young age buL Lralned as a
physlclan and evenLually served as a mlllLary docLor. Pls
wlLnesslng of Lhe ravaglng effecLs of war on chlldren convlnced
hlm Lo speclallze ln pedlaLrlcs. Pe served as Lhe flrsL cllnlcal
W C P A
fleld he grew weary of always heallng and mendlng chlldren only
Lo reLurn Lhem Lo Lhe condlLlons of poverLy or dlsadvanLage LhaL
would dlrecL Lhem back Lo hosplLal or Lo an early grave. Pe
opened up a home ln Warsaw for orphaned and dlsadvanLaged
chlldren, one for chlldren. ln Lhese lnsLlLuLlons he founded a

conLrlbuLlons from chlldren across oland. Mlndful of Lhe

chlldren, or sLaff, who had broken house rules. ur. ColdszmlL
wroLe exLenslvely on chlld pedlaLrlcs and pedagogy. Many of hls
works, lncludlng Pow Lo Love a Chlld and 1 C 8
8especL were wldely read and LranslaLed lnLo several languages aL
Lhe Llme of Lhelr publlcaLlon. 1he lnsLlLuLlons he ran were
celebraLed LhroughouL Lurope as models for oLher care provlders.
l 8 1
C C u
wlde acclalm. ColdszmlL also frequenLly appeared ln youLh courL
as an experL wlLness and as an advocaLe for unrepresenLed youLh.
P
l
nazl occupaLlon, korczak was forced Lo cuL hls Lles wlLh Lhe
CaLhollc orphanage he had esLabllshed, cease hls youLh courL
acLlvlLles and move lnLo Lhe !ewlsh gheLLo wlLh roughly 200 of hls
P
chlldren ln Lhe gas chambers aL 1rebllnka ln 1942.

M k
remembered for hls ploneerlng advocacy for chlldren as rlghLs
bearers, and for Lhe LesLlmonlals from wards ln hls care who spoke
of hlm wlLh love and admlraLlon. ln 1979, unLSCC proclalmed Lhe
?ear of Lhe Chlld, dedlcaLlng lL Lo Lhe memory of !anusz korczak on
Lhe 100Lh annlversary of hls blrLh. ln LhaL same year oland
recommended LhaL an lnLernaLlonal LreaLy be drafLed based upon
a LexL lnsplred by Lhe wrlLlngs of korczak. 1en years laLer, Lhe
cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ was opened up for
1 k
are meanL Lo serve as a remlnder of hls meLhod. Whlle korczak
was wlLhouL quesLlon a man and a producL of hls Llme, he had a

deallngs wlLh chlldren by hls own experlence of whaL lL once felL
llke Lo be a chlld.

A goal of Lhe parLnershlp beLween Lhe new 8runswlck PealLh
Councll and Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe ls Lo
ldenLlfy lndlcaLors of rlghLs fulflllmenL LhaL can be measured
annually. Cnly Lhrough deLalled daLa collecLlon and analysls can
n 8
chlldren and youLh. We have ldenLlfled lndlcaLors and new daLa
1 C ? A C
conLlnue Lo work wlLh Lhe new 8runswlck PealLh Councll and
oLher governmenL deparLmenLs Lo collecL and analyze Lhls daLa.

closed.

M
been replaced by more accuraLe ones. Assesslng change ln Lhe
fulflllmenL of chlld and youLh rlghLs ln new 8runswlck beLween
years ls Lherefore noL yeL perfecLly measureable. We are
commlLLed Lo correcLlng Lhls deflclency and creaLlng a framework
LhaL can accuraLely provlde conslsLenL measures over Llme, and
n 8
lmplemenLaLlon of Lhe cooveotloo agalnsL oLher [urlsdlcLlons ln
Canada and abroad.

1he goal ls Lo esLabllsh performance lndlcaLors relaLlng Lo servlces
guaranLeed Lo and deslred ouLcomes for new 8runswlck chlldren
and youLh under Lhe cooveotloo. 1hese lndlcaLors wlll reflecL a
broad range of facLors LhaL affecL Lhe healLh and well-belng of our
chlldren and youLh, from blrLh Lo age 18. 1hese lndlcaLors, once
esLabllshed, wlll allow for comparlsons Lo be made year upon year.
Cur ob[ecLlve ls Lo creaLe a sLable framework wlLhln whlch Lo

framework wlll always requlre ad[usLmenLs. !usL as many of Lhe
rlghLs ln Lhe cooveotloo are Lo be reallzed progresslvely, Lhls
reporL wlll conLlnue Lo lmprove year afLer year ln lLs goal of
provldlng a comprehenslve assessmenL of Lhe sLaLe of new
8

1hls reporL has been produced wlLh Lhe collaboraLlon of
represenLaLlves from several governmenL deparLmenLs. 1he
research and wrlLlng Leam wlLhln Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh
AdvocaLe and Lhe new 8runswlck PealLh Councll has been alded
by parLlclpaLlon from Lhe ueparLmenLs of !usLlce, LducaLlon and
Larly Chlldhood uevelopmenL, osL-Secondary LducaLlon, 1ralnlng
and Labour, Soclal uevelopmenL, PealLh, ubllc SafeLy, Wellness,
CulLure and SporL, llnance and Lhe Aborlglnal Affalrs SecreLarlaL.

lL ls governmenL LhaL has legal obllgaLlons under Lhe cooveotloo,
buL all secLors of socleLy have moral obllgaLlons and share ln
C
A cooveotloo, parenLs have Lhe
prlmary responslblllLy for ensurlng LhaL Lhe rlghLs of Lhelr chlldren
are fulfllled.

Lnsurlng LhaL chlldren ln new 8runswlck develop successfully lnLo
adulLhood requlres us Lo devoLe resources effecLlvely and Lo
conLlnually creaLe opporLunlLles for our youLh Lo acLuallze Lhelr
rlghLs. CollecLlng daLa and analyzlng lL regularly ls one way Lo help
Lo provlde a plcLure of whaL so many people are dolng Lo help
chlldren and youLh acLuallze Lhelr rlghLs.

1here are far more lndlvlduals Lhan we can name ln Lhls reporL
who are worklng ln governmenL deparLmenLs, noL-for-proflL
organlzaLlons, academla and Lhe buslness communlLy dolng
commendable work ln advanclng Lhe rlghLs of chlldren. lf you are
readlng Lhls, you are llkely one of Lhose people.

1 A
cooveotloo. 1here are flve dlsLlncL rlghLs lncluded ln Lhls ArLlcle:
Lhe rlghL Lo resL, Lhe rlghL Lo lelsure, Lhe rlghL Lo play, Lhe rlghL Lo
recreaLlonal acLlvlLles, and Lhe rlghL Lo parLlclpaLlon ln culLural llfe
and Lhe arLs. 1hls 8eporL also places a parLlcular focus on Lhe rlghL
Lo play. ArLlcle 31 ls someLlmes referred Lo slmply as Lhe rlghL Lo
play and resL. 1o some adulLs, play may appear Lo be polnLless lL
does noL dlrecLly conLrlbuLe Lo our economlc acLlvlLy, and lL ls
ofLen vlewed as Lhe opposlLe of learnlng. CfLen lL ls labeled Lhe
forgoLLen rlghL or Lhe neglecLed rlghL. lL ls, however, a Lruly
essenLlal rlghL for Lhe developmenL of physlcally and menLally
healLhy chlldren. lay means far more Lhan slmply a plcLuresque
vlslon of a happy chlldhood and adolescence. lL ls an essenLlal
aspecL of cognlLlve, soclal, psychologlcal and physlcal
developmenL. lay ls noL frlvolous, nor are any of Lhe oLher four
rlghLs found ln ArLlcle 31.

1he reporL below flrsL seLs ouL a deLalled analysls of Lhe rlghLs
guaranLeed under ArLlcle 31. We conslder ln Lurn each of Lhe flve
faceLs of ArLlcle 31 and relaLe each of Lhem Lo Lhe 2011 daLa from
C 8 W-belng lramework. We seek Lo
ldenLlfy gaps ln our reporLlng, Lo celebraLe sLrengLhs ln our currenL
programmlng and pollcy, and Lo map ouL areas for furLher
developmenL. We Lhen Lurn Lo oLher rlghLs enumeraLed ln Lhe
cooveotloo and offer commenLary on our progress ln Lhe

Lmphasls ls placed on Lhe relaLlon beLween Lhe rlghLs seL ouL ln
ArLlcle 31 and oLher rlghLs found ln Lhe cooveotloo. llnally, by way
of concluslon we lnclude a LenLaLlve road map wlLh
recommendaLlons for beLLer enforcemenL ln Lhe monLhs ahead of
Lhe rlghLs guaranLeed Lo new 8runswlck chlldren under ArLlcle 31.

As for Lhe supporLlng daLa lLself lL, ls noL presenLed Lhls year
LhroughouL Lhe reporL as ln prevlous SLaLe of Lhe Chlld reporLs.
lnsLead lL ls seL ouL ln our new lramework documenL developed
wlLh Lhe new 8runswlck PealLh Councll, whlch appears aL Lhe back
of Lhls reporL. 1hls lramework, lnsplred by Lhe ?ouLh opulaLlon
PealLh SnapshoL creaLed ln 2010, seeks Lo analyse Lhe rlghLs of Lhe
chlld under nlne general quesLlons of well-belng. LlghL of Lhese
relaLe malnly Lo parLlcular areas or grouplngs of rlghLs and Lhe lasL
focuses on sysLems measures Lo monlLor efforLs across socleLy
Lowards Lhe lmplemenLaLlon of Lhe cooveotloo as a whole.

We have aLLempLed Lo follow precedenLs and models developed
unlversally ln Lhe area of lndlcaLors and performance
W
n 8
servlces Lo chlldren and wlLhln Lhe conflnes of Lhe daLa avallable.
We look forward Lo Lhe feedback new 8runswlckers and oLhers
can glve on Lhls documenL and framework and LrusL LhaL lL wlll
provlde us wlLh a sound basls for our collecLlve Lask ln

* * *

oJootes.

1 uN Ceoetol Assembly, cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, 20 Novembet
1989, uolteJ Notloos, 1teoty 5etles, vol. 1577, p. J
2 O I k 8 I l 1be kloq of cbllJteo. tbe
llfe ooJ ueotb of Iooosz kotczok pobllsbeJ by tbe Ametlcoo AcoJemy of
leJlottlcs, 2005, 415pp, p.14.
5 l c c 1 5 c ffectlve
l c l O k
klqbts of cbllJteo llool kepott of tbe 5tooJloq 5eoote commlttee oo
n k A A
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1. 5totes lottles tecoqolze tbe tlqbt of tbe cbllJ
to test ooJ lelsote, to eoqoqe lo ploy ooJ
tecteotloool octlvltles opptoptlote to tbe oqe
of tbe cbllJ ooJ to pottlclpote fteely lo coltotol
llfe ooJ tbe otts.
2. 5totes lottles sboll tespect ooJ ptomote tbe
tlqbt of tbe cbllJ to pottlclpote folly lo coltotol
ooJ ottlstlc llfe ooJ sboll eocootoqe tbe
ptovlsloo of opptoptlote ooJ epool
oppottooltles fot coltotol,(ottlstlc, tecteotloool
ooJ lelsote octlvlty.
1 C ? A
ln ArLlcle 31 sLlll do noL hold much welghL ln our soclal pollcy
dlscourse, even Lhough an ever-growlng body of research polnLs
Lo Lhe lmporLance of Lhese rlghLs. 1hls ls one of Lhe reasons LhaL
Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe declded Lo make ArLlcle 31 a
P A
31 cannoL be consldered ln lsolaLlon. 1he fulflllmenL of Lhese
rlghLs ls dependenL upon oLher rlghLs ln Lhe cooveotloo. Slmllarly,
fulflllmenL of Lhe rlghLs found ln oLher ArLlcles are dependenL
upon Lhe fulflllmenL of Lhe rlghLs ln ArLlcle 31.

ArLlcle 31 ls closely relaLed Lo Lhe four general prlnclples of Lhe
cooveotloo, namely Lhe prlnclple LhaL all rlghLs be recognlzed
wlLhouL any dlscrlmlnaLlon (ArLlcle 2), Lhe prlnclple LhaL Lhe besL
lnLeresLs of Lhe chlld be a prlmary conslderaLlon ln all acLlons
concernlng chlldren (ArLlcle 3), Lhe rlghL Lo llfe and maxlmum
posslble survlval and developmenL (ArLlcle 6), and Lhe rlghL of Lhe
chlld Lo express hls or her vlews freely ln all maLLers affecLlng hlm
or her (ArLlcle 12). Many oLher provlslons are also fundamenLally
relaLed Lo ArLlcle 31, such as Lhe rlghL Lo freedom of expresslon
(ArLlcle 13), Lhe rlghL Lo freedom of assoclaLlon (ArLlcle 13), Lhe
rlghL Lo prlvacy (ArLlcle 16), Lhe rlghL Lo access Lo lnformaLlon
(ArLlcle 17), respecL for mlnorlLy or lndlgenous culLure (ArLlcle 30),
and Lhe rlghL Lo proLecLlon ln Lhe workplace (ArLlcle 32).

ArLlcle 31 conLalns flve dlsLlncL rlghLs: Lhe rlghL Lo resL, Lhe rlghL Lo
lelsure, Lhe rlghL Lo play, Lhe rlghL Lo engage ln recreaLlonal
acLlvlLles, and Lhe rlghL Lo parLlclpaLlon ln culLural llfe and Lhe arLs.
1hese are essenLlal human rlghLs LhaL can enable every chlld Lo
fully develop hls or her poLenLlal skllls, ablllLles and personallLy.
lndeed, lL ls noL an undue clalm Lo sLaLe LhaL Lhe rlghLs found ln
A

4

lL ls cruclal LhaL Lhese rlghLs are proLecLed and promoLed, from an
early age for Lhe sound developmenL of each chlld. 1he
promoLlon of Lhe rlghLs ln ArLlcle 31 requlres LhaL chlldren and
youLh be afforded Lhe opporLunlLles Lo exerclse Lhese rlghLs.
CovernmenL has a promlnenL role Lo play ln provldlng for Lhese
opporLunlLles and ln promoLlng Lhe rlghLs Lo parenLs, Leachers,
daycare workers, soclal workers, healLh workers, professlonals ln
Lhe crlmlnal [usLlce sysLem, pollcy makers and any oLher adulLs
who work wlLh youLh. 1hls requlres coordlnaLlon of varlous
governmenL deparLmenLs and agencles, locally and provlnce-wlde.
Chlldren sLaylng ln lnsLlLuLlons such as hosplLals, group homes and
ln Lhe new 8runswlck ?ouLh CenLre requlre speclal measures Lo
allow for full reallzaLlon of Lhese rlghLs. locally and provlnce-wlde.
Chlldren sLaylng ln lnsLlLuLlons such as hosplLals, group homes and
ln Lhe new 8runswlck ?ouLh CenLre requlre speclal measures Lo
allow for full reallzaLlon of Lhese rlghLs.

1here are, however, lmporLanL dlsLlncLlons Lo be made beLween

8ecreaLlonal acLlvlLles lnclude a broad array of pursulLs such as
organlzed sporLs, pasLlmes and varlous enLerLalnlng endeavours.
1he rlghL of chlldren Lo play, on Lhe oLher hand, means Lhe rlghL Lo
pursue acLlvlLles LhaL are noL conLrolled by adulLs. lay may or
may noL conform Lo sLrucLured rules. 1hese Lwo rlghLs allow for
dlfferenL (Lhough someLlmes overlapplng) cognlLlve,
psychologlcal, emoLlonal and soclal developmenL. A dlsLlncLlon

8

personal Llme. LeL us conslder each of Lhese lmporLanL bulldlng
blocks ln Lurn.

1he k|ght to |ay

Cf Lhe flve rlghLs ln ArLlcle 31, Lhe rlghL Lo play ls Lhe leasL funded
and Lhe mosL neglecLed by adulLs. lL ls ofLen vlewed by adulLs as a
luxury raLher Lhan a necesslLy, as dlsrupLlve raLher Lhan creaLlve.
Powever, play, LradlLlonally vlewed by mosL adulLs as purposeless
and wlLhouL merlL, ls now known Lo have a cruclal role ln Lhe
developmenL of chlldren, play performs an essenLlal role ln a

3
uL slmply by
rofessors Serglo and vlvlen ellls aL Lhe Canadlan CenLre for
8ehavloural neurosclence aL Lhe unlverslLy of LeLhbrldge, AlberLa:

6

1here are also serlous neurologlcal dangers assoclaLed wlLh a
perslsLenL absence of play.
7
lL ls lmporLanL Lo recognlze LhaL play ls
dlsLlncL from recreaLlon. ln facL, an over-emphasls on recreaLlon
can hlnder Lhe rlghL Lo play. lree play ls LhreaLened when Lhe
demands of Llme force worklng parenLs Lo choose sLrucLured
recreaLlonal acLlvlLles for Lhelr chlldren. 1hls problem ls a growlng
phenomenon ln Canada, as lL ls ln many counLrles.
8

Many of Lhe oLher ArLlcles ln Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe
cbllJ are essenLlal componenLs of Lhe ablllLy Lo exerclse Lhe rlghL
Lo play. 1herefore, Lhe ablllLy of chlldren and youLh Lo exerclse
Lhelr rlghL Lo play can be negaLlvely lnfluenced as a resulL of
deprlvaLlon of oLher rlghLs. 1he ablllLy Lo exerclse Lhe rlghL Lo play

9
L
chlld abuse, excesslve academlc pressure, explolLaLlve labour, loss

10

lay ls sponLaneous, llberaLed from deflned sLrucLure, aL lLs
essence, play ls abouL freedom. Chlldren are exLraordlnarlly
versaLlle ln Lhelr ablllLles Lo creaLe slLuaLlons for play, buL adulLs
have an obllgaLlon Lo allow for free Llme and Lo provlde safe and
accesslble spaces and opporLunlLles for play. Such spaces should
preferably allow for creaLlvlLy, exploraLlon and physlcal exerLlon.
11
AvallablllLy of spaces for play year-round ls essenLlal. Local schools
are an exlsLlng resource LhaL can be uLlllzed afLer school hours noL
only for recreaLlon buL also for unsLrucLured play spaces.
Munlclpal ordlnances regulaLlng Lhe use of parks, Lralls and clLy
sLreeLs all lmpacL Lhe spaces where chlldren play, a proper
undersLandlng of ArLlcle 31 and lLs lnLer-relaLlon wlLh oLher rlghLs
of Lhe chlld musL lnform munlclpal pollcy ln Lhese areas. SLudles
have found LhaL use by chlldren and youLh of publlc spaces has
been decreaslng for several years.
12
SafeLy fears play a ma[or
facLor ln Lhls decllne ln Canada,
13
as does hosLlllLy shown by adulLs
Lowards chlldren and youLh playlng ln publlc areas oLher Lhan
parks and deslgnaLed recreaLlonal areas.
14
1he lrony ls LhaL bylaws
LhaL resLrlcL Lhe presence of youLh ln publlc spaces mean LhaL
youLh ofLen have Lo flnd less-publlc and poLenLlally less safe areas
ln whlch Lo congregaLe.
13
We musL be careful LhaL our bylaws do
noL crlmlnallze youLh soclablllLy or Lhe exerclse of Lhe rlghL Lo play.

1he lmporLance of connecLlon Lo naLure cannoL be overlooked
when provldlng places for chlldren and youLh Lo play.
16
Cf course,
such opporLunlLles musL also focus on Lhe aLLalnmenL of full
lncluslon of chlldren wlLh dlsablllLles.
17
AdulLs have an obllgaLlon
Lo provlde safe and beneflclal avenues for play, and lL ls lmporLanL
Lo lnclude Lhe oplnlons and ldeas of chlldren and youLh ln any
l C ? A
2009 reporL 1bete Ooqbt to be o low, we also canvassed Lhe rlsk
-llne play
spaces. We wlll reLurn Lo Lhls Loplc below buL wlsh Lo emphaslze
Lhe need for conLlnued vlgllance Lo ensure LhaL on-llne play spaces

needs and besL lnLeresLs.

Lveryone has a role ln Lhe promoLlon of Lhe rlghL Lo play, buL
speclal aLLenLlon musL be glven Lo ensure LhaL all adulLs worklng
wlLh chlldren and youLh Lhoroughly undersLand Lhe lmporLance of
C
brlng creaLlve soluLlons Lo novel slLuaLlons. 1hls sklll ls developed
aL an early age Lhrough Lhe creaLlve and adapLlve naLure of play. lL
ls noL only a sklll essenLlal Lo physlcal and menLal healLh (Lhe
ablllLy Lo adapL Lo Lhe dlfferlng slLuaLlons we encounLer ln our
llves), lL ls also essenLlal Lo our collecLlve economlc prosperlLy.

ln Lhe year ahead Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe and
Lhe new 8runswlck PealLh Councll wlll conslder whaL addlLlonal
C 8 W-belng
lramework Lo accuraLely monlLor lmplemenLaLlon of ArLlcle 31 of
Lhe cooveotloo here ln new 8runswlck. We wanL Lo develop an
accuraLe plcLure of our lnfrasLrucLure for playgrounds and
playgroups, monlLor Lhe use and role of play ln daycares, schools,
afLer-school and oLher educaLlonal seLLlngs, and obLaln a sense of
whaL Llme and space ls made for play ln new 8runswlck
households and famllles.

1he k|ght to Lngage |n kecreat|ona|
Act|v|t|es

8ecreaLlonal acLlvlLles are largely deflned by adulLs and encompass
a wlde range of acLlvlLles. Crganlzed sporLs and varlous games and
acLlvlLles wlLh rule sLrucLures ald ln developlng physlcal skllls,
loglcal Lhlnklng and self-confldence, whlle Leamwork promoLes
cooperaLlon.
18
8ecreaLlon programs can also be excellenL ways Lo
provlde safe spaces for chlldren and youLh, and provlde conLlnued
learnlng beyond Lhe classroom. 1hey can reduce sLress and
depresslon.
19
lurLhermore, recreaLlonal acLlvlLles can provlde a
cosL-effecLlve way of lmprovlng publlc healLh.

S
adolescenLs who are ofLen excluded and

menLal and physlcal dlfflculLles, chlldren llvlng or

lndlgenous communlLles. SporL offers Lhem
companlonshlp, supporL, a sense of belonglng and
20

!
We have Lo be aware of varlous lssues LhaL arlse wlLh regard Lo
Lhls rlghL. 8ecreaLlonal acLlvlLles musL be adapLed Lo Lhe physlcal
and menLal capaclLles of dlfferenL age groups. 8ecreaLlonal
acLlvlLles should also noL lnfrlnge on Llme for resL, lelsure, play or
on Llme for oLher rlghLs such as LhaL of educaLlon. vlolence ln
sporL ls anoLher growlng concern whlch should be addressed ln
governmenL pollcy.
21

1he cosL of many modern recreaLlonal acLlvlLles ls an obvlous
obsLacle Lo Lhe full reallzaLlon of Lhls rlghL. CovernmenL measures
ln Lhls area should Lherefore be LargeLed Lo chlldren ln
economlcally dlsadvanLaged slLuaLlons. arLlcular aLLenLlon should
also be glven Lo lncluslve forms of recreaLlon, allowlng for easy
parLlclpaLlon of chlldren wlLh dlsablllLles and speclal needs. 1he
cosL of recreaLlonal acLlvlLles should also noL be prohlblLlve for
1 l n C
luLures lund has begun Lhe work of enllsLlng Lhe supporL of new
8 -for-proflL and buslness communlLles ln provldlng
beLLer and susLalnable recreaLlonal servlces and faclllLles for
chlldren ln Aborlglnal communlLles.

8ecreaLlonal acLlvlLles are relaLlvely well-funded ln new 8runswlck
ln relaLlon Lo oLher aspecLs of ArLlcle 31. Whlle such fundlng ls
exLremely lmporLanL, lL should noL lnLerfere wlLh Lhe need Lo
allocaLe resources for Lhe promoLlon of play, resL, lelsure and Lhe
rlghL of chlldren Lo parLlclpaLe ln Lhe arLs and culLure of Lhelr
communlLles.

Cne measure of Lhe lmporLance recreaLlon has ln relaLlon Lo oLher
aspecLs of Lhe rlghLs seL ouL ln ArLlcle 31 ls LhaL we already do a
1 C
8lghLs and Well-belng lramework provldes a number of lndlcaLors
of physlcal acLlvlLy by sporLs caLegory. We measure Lhe en[oymenL

expresslve rlghLs under CuesLlon 2 ln Lhe lramework. We can see
from Lhls daLa for lnsLance LhaL new 8runswlck youLh aged 12 Lo
19 reporL sllghLly hlgher parLlclpaLlon raLes Lhan Lhelr Canadlan
peers ln lndlvldual physlcal acLlvlLles such as walklng, home
exerclse, yard work and soclal danclng, buL slgnlflcanLly lower
raLes of parLlclpaLlon ln many organlzed sporLs such as soccer,
baskeLball and volleyball. 1he daLa ls also lnLeresLlng ln Lerms of
whaL lL reveals abouL cholces of physlcal acLlvlLles and pursulLs by
young glrls and boys.
* * *
X%!/%33!.@3%%6P!U-!<.@!@-(.9:%N!'?-!/#(!.!'(2%/!
&#&%9-!U!4%/292-%3Q!@.<!.9!.?(.!#/!32:0-!.(#?94!
02@!-2(%4!%2:0-!Q%.(!#34!0%.4P!U!0.4!@%%9!@?A0!.!
60%9#&%9#9!#93Q!#9A%!'%/#(%P!H$%9!.@!U!<(2-%!-02@!
U!=9#<!-0.-!9#!#9%!<233!?94%(@-.94P!U-!2@!
2&6#@@2'3%!?93%@@!#9%!0.@!'%%9!29!.!3.(:%!
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1he k|ght to kest

8 C
and youLh deprlved of resL are more suscepLlble Lo lll-healLh and
face deblllLaLlng obsLacles ln Lhelr educaLlon. Chlldren sufferlng
from lnsufflclenL sleep may face developmenLal and educaLlonal
deflclencles, and develop physlcal and psychologlcal healLh
problems. 1he CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld has sLaLed

negaLlve physlcal, psychologlcal, cognlLlve and soclal
22
unlCLl

23
lL has also been suggesLed

24

Cne speclflc concern ln Lhe conLexL of new 8runswlck ls Lhe
amounL of Llme LhaL youLh spend ln school and aL work. Cur laws
and pollcles relaLlng Lo youLh who have [obs musL ensure adequaLe
- v C
lnLernaLlonal Labor CrganlzaLlon address Lhe needs of chlldren and
youLh ln Lhe workforce.
23
1here has been research suggesLlng LhaL
chlldren and youLh beLween Lhe ages of 10 and 18 need as much
sleep as younger chlldren.
26
noL only can Lhe educaLlon of our
youLh suffer lf we permlL Loo many worklng hours for youLh, Lhelr
physlcal and menLal healLh may be compromlsed.

1hls year Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe wroLe Lo Lhe
ueparLmenLs of LducaLlon and Larly Chlldhood uevelopmenL,
Soclal uevelopmenL and osL-Secondary LducaLlon 1ralnlng and
Labour, expresslng concern wlLh respecL Lo Lhe dlscrepancles
beLween our laws on school-leavlng age and Lhe employmenL
sLandards appllcable Lo chlldren. We quesLloned also our ablllLy Lo
monlLor school aLLendance and Lo enforce lL. We wlll conLlnue Lo
advocaLe for Lhe revlew of employmenL sLandards appllcable Lo
chlldren and we wlll work wlLh all governmenL work wlLh all

malnLalned whlle affordlng all chlldren opporLunlLles Lo learn and
enLer Lhe workforce ln a manner whlch ls respecLful of all Lhelr
rlghLs under ArLlcle 31 of Lhe cooveotloo of tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ.

Cur 2011 lramework suggesLs LhaL only 32 of youLh ln grades 6
Lo 12 ln new 8runswlck reporL geLLlng more Lhan 8 hours of sleep
per nlghL. Moreover, drllllng down furLher lnLo Lhe daLa we can
see LhaL Lhese flgures vary Lo a falr degree wlLhln healLh zones
across Lhe provlnce. 8eyond Lhe lmpacLs of balanclng school work,
parL-Llme [obs and recreaLlonal acLlvlLles wlLh resL we wanL Lo
undersLand Lhe lmpacL of screen Llme usage on sleep paLLerns
among adolescenLs and for younger chlldren as well. uurlng Lhe
C ? A C
efforLs, [olnLly wlLh oLher communlLy and publlc agencles, Lo
provlde beLLer publlc lnformaLlon ln relaLlon Lo Lhe lmporLance of

* * *


1he k|ght to Le|sure

1he rlghL Lo lelsure ls noL synonymous wlLh Lhe rlghL Lo resL. 1he
rlghL Lo lelsure found ln ArLlcle 31 ls a rlghL for a chlld or youLh Lo
have sufflclenL Llme Lo culLlvaLe hls or her lnLeresLs and Lo engage
ln acLlvlLles of hls or her own chooslng. 1hese acLlvlLles may be as
varled as readlng, flshlng, collecLlng sLamps, collecLlng berrles,
planLlng a garden, waLchlng a movle, or day-dreamlng ln a
hammock or on a swlng. Cne growlng soclal concern ls Lhe exLenL

over Lo varlous Lypes of screen-Llme acLlvlLles and whaL lmpacLs
Lhls ls havlng.

AdulLs do have responslblllLles Lo prevenL chlldren and youLh from
engaglng ln lelsure pursulLs whlch are overly harmful,
27
buL
chlldren and youLh need Lo be afforded Llme Lo Lhemselves
beLween Lhe demands of educaLlon, play, resL and work. ArLlcle
16 of Lhe cooveotloo (Lhe rlghL Lo prlvacy) ls Lherefore especlally
lmporLanL for Lhe full en[oymenL of Lhls aspecL of ArLlcle 31. Cur

lelsure and how Lo lnLegraLe Lhls knowledge lnLo personal
28

1he daLa ln our 2011 lramework below conLalns one lndlcaLor
whlch shows LhaL 38 of chlldren ln grades k Lo 3 spend Lwo
hours or less on screen Llme mosL days and 40 of youLh ln grades
6 Lo 12 spend Lwo hours or less per day ln sedenLary acLlvlLles
(waLchlng 1v/movles, vldeo games, compuLer Llme, messaglng or
Lalklng on Lhe phone). Movlng forward we would be lnLeresLed ln
seelng more deLalled daLa publlshed Lo break down Lhe LoLal
average hours of screen Llme accessed per day and per devlce,
across dlfferenL age groups. We wlll also be worklng wlLh
psychologlsLs and researchers lnLeresLed ln Lhe lmpacLs of Lhese
acLlvlLles on chlldren, boLh ln Lerms of Lhe healLh rlsks from
exposure Lo wlreless Lechnologles, Lo Lhe culLural messages and
conLenLs belng consumed, Lo Lhe lmpacLs on self-lmage and
soclallzaLlon processes and Lhe cognlLlve lmpacLs on braln
developmenL. AL Lhe same Llme we wlll be lnLeresLed Lo hear from
chlldren and youLh Lhemselves and Lo share Lhelr vlews on Lhe
advanLages and dlsadvanLages of growlng up ln an lncreaslngly
wlred world.

* * *

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1he k|ght to art|c|pat|on |n Cu|tura| L|fe
and the Arts

1hls rlghL ls connecLed Lo Lhe developmenL of ldenLlLy and
personallLy and lncludes Lhe rlghL of chlldren Lo parLlclpaLe ln Lhe
culLural and arLlsLlc pursulLs of adulLs and Lhelr broader
communlLy as well as Lhe rlghL Lo chlld-cenLred culLure. 1he rlghL
Lo parLlclpaLlon ln culLural llfe and Lhe arLs ls dlrecLly relaLed Lo
Lhe rlghLs under ArLlcle 13 (freedom of expresslon), ArLlcle 13
(freedom of assoclaLlon), ArLlcle 17 (access Lo Lhe medla and Lo
A

1he flrsL unlLed naLlons drafL of Lhe cooveotloo lncluded only Lhe
rlghLs Lo play and recreaLlon. lL dld noL lnclude Lhe rlghLs Lo resL
and lelsure or Lo freely parLlclpaLe ln culLural llfe. lL was Canada
LhaL proposed Lhelr lncluslon, recognlzlng Lhe lmporLance of Lhese
rlghLs for Lhe full healLhy developmenL of chlldren. We as a naLlon
should conLlnue Lo respecL Lhese rlghLs by proLecLlng Lhem and
promoLlng Lhelr fulflllmenL.

1here ls a broad movemenL ln Canada for educaLlon Lhrough Lhe
arLs. new 8runswlckers ln parLlcular are well acqualnLed wlLh Lhe
challenges lnvolved ln Lhe promoLlon and proLecLlon of offlclal
language mlnorlLles. We also cherlsh Lhe advanLages LhaL come

culLure. 1he daLa ln our 2011 lramework suggesLs LhaL whlle new
8runswlck ls noL as eLhnlcally dlverse as oLher parLs of our
counLry, LhaL demographlc ls changlng and new 8runswlck school
populaLlons are more eLhnlcally dlverse Lhan ever before.

1 C ? A C
lmprove our efforLs ln Lhe rovlnce ln Lhe preservaLlon and
M M M
M M
ln band operaLed schools and oLher publlc schools aLLended by
l n A M l l
have Lo learn lrench and Lngllsh ln order Lo graduaLe, l should

Many programs exlsL ln new 8runswlck Lo provlde chlldren wlLh
opporLunlLles Lo parLlclpaLe ln Lhe arLs and culLure of Lhelr
communlLy and yeL we belleve LhaL much more needs Lo be done.
We have excellenL sLaLlsLlcs on sporLs enrollmenL. We also have
daLa on sLudenL parLlclpaLlon ln school based arLs and culLural
acLlvlLles Laken from Lhe new 8runswlck SLudenL wellness survey
for youLh ln Crades 6-12 we see parLlclpaLlon raLes ln uance
(11), urama (10) , Muslc bands or cholr (12) or vlsual arLs
(13). 1he wellness survey also measures sporLs parLlclpaLlon aL
37, sclence clubs (14), sLudenL clubs (16) and oLher school
based acLlvlLles (22). lL ls lnLeresLlng Lo noLe Lhe comparaLlve
lnLeresL ln sporLs versus all oLher acLlvlLles. 8y drllllng down
furLher lnLo Lhls daLa we mlghL lsolaLe also Lhe number of youLh
who choose Lo noL parLlclpaLe ln any school based acLlvlLles and
measure also Lhe exLenL Lo whlch sLudenLs all parLlclpaLe ln some
measure or Lhe exLenL Lo whlch some sLudenLs may Lry Lo Lake
parL ln everyLhlng. 1he grade 12 exlL surveys also measure
opporLunlLy Lo Lake parL ln culLural and arLlsLlc acLlvlLles ln school
and ouLslde of school and Lhe lncldence here ls much hlgher. We

Lo Lake parL ln culLural acLlvlLles and Lhelr acLual parLlclpaLlon
raLes and lf Lhe gap ls slgnlflcanL why LhaL ls so. 8y comblng
Lhrough all Lhe avallable daLa and revlslng Lhe lndlcaLors ln our
lramework we wlll seek Lo produce reporLs ln fuLure years whlch
beLLer monlLor Lhe parLlclpaLlon raLe of new 8runswlck chlldren ln
plano lessons, volce lessons, drama classes, bands, cholrs and
orchesLras, dance classes and herlLage language and culLural
classes - Lhose ln school and Lhose ouLslde of school as well. We
are lnLeresLed ln parLlcular ln Lhe developmenL of Lhe SlsLema n8
program whlch provldes muslcal lnsLrucLlon Lo young chlldren as a
means for soclal developmenL and educaLlonal achlevemenL. We

success ln MoncLon and SalnL-!ohn and hope Lo see Lhe program
expand Lo oLher communlLles, parLlcularly ln francophone and
llrsL naLlons seLLlngs.

* * *

Art|c|e 31

lL should be readlly apparenL LhaL all of Lhe rlghLs found ln ArLlcle 31
are lmperaLlve Lo Lhe menLal and physlcal developmenL of chlldren
and youLh. Cne very essenLlal lssue ls Lherefore Lhe necesslLy of
flndlng a healLhy balance beLween Llme devoLed Lo each of Lhese
rlghLs, as well as balanclng Llme for oLher aspecLs of llfe wlLh Llme
for Lhese rlghLs. Work-llfe balance ls a sub[ecL aL Lhe forefronL of
concern for adulLs ln Lhelr llves, however, lnsufflclenL aLLenLlon ls
pald Lo Lhls sub[ecL when lL relaLes Lo chlldren and youLh. lor
sLudenL ln LlemenLary Lo Plgh School, Lhelr classes ln essence
consLlLuLe Lhelr [obs. When youLh add Lhe demands of school, parL-
Llme employmenL, homework and volunLeer parLlclpaLlon Lo Llme
spenL engaged ln play, recreaLlonal acLlvlLles, resL, lelsure, and arLs
and culLure, a plcLure of an exLremely busy llfe can emerge. Whlle
all of Lhese acLlvlLles are poLenLlally poslLlve, ls Lhere a general
undersLandlng of how besL Lo balance Lhem? We need Lo ensure
LhaL Lhe llves of our chlldren and youLh are well-balanced, Lo allow
for poslLlve menLal and physlcal healLh now, and Lo prepare Lhem
for balanced llves when Lhey move on Lo posL-secondary educaLlon
and work.

oJootes

c c k c c k c
w u k l 8 k c k
1 k l k c A 1 A u
tepott to uN commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, 1bltJ/loottb kepott of
coooJo, cooveoeJ by tbe coooJloo coolltloo fot tbe klqbts of cbllJteo,
Octobet 2010.
l 5 w k l c - lloy, lollcy ooJ
l A k c l l l
N c 8
6 lellls, 5etqlo & vlvleo lellls. 1be lloyfol 8tolo. veototloq to tbe llmlts of
Neotoscleoce. OxfotJ. OoewotlJ lobllcotloos, 2009, ot p. 94.
l 5 v l l u 5
A c l M l N l
eJs. 1be uevelopmeot of 5oclol oqoqemeot. Neotoloqlcol letspectlves.
New otk. OxfotJ uolvetslty ltess, 2006.
k l w v l c l
M l c
pp. 697J. Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//www.colotoJo.eJo/jootools/
cye/16_1/16_1_04_5peclollssoe-lotto.pJf
l 5 w k w l c
uevelopmeot c k l A l
l l c w 1 n 1 8
leet loooJotloo, 2010.
10 lblJ.
11 noJqklo, kocbel ooJ letet Newell. lmplemeototloo nooJbook fot tbe
cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ. lolly kevlseJ 1bltJ Jltloo. uNlcl,
uolteJ Notloos lobllcotloos, 2007, p. 472. Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//
www.oolcef.otq/pobllcotloos/loJex_4J110.btml
C I c l A l k l l
oqlooJ, 2010, p.17.
l l c 5 c
l n c c n u
pp. J5J-J59.
C I c l A l k l l
oqlooJ, 2010, pp. 27-J0.
c A c 5 A-5oclol 8ebovloot
l u l l l I
Ao lotetootloool Iootool, vol. 9(1), 2009, pp. 5-26.
16 5ee. loov, klcbotJ. lost cbllJ lo tbe wooJs, 5ovloq oot cbllJteo ftom
Notote-ueflclt ulsotJet. cbopel nlll, Nottb cotolloo. Alqoopolo 8ooks, 2008.
c k c C c N 1
ckccCc
uNlcl 5 k l N u N c
looJ, 2004.
19 lblJ.
20 lblJ.
l k c uNlcl l c v
5 A l l c l l
uNlcl, 2010. Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//www.oolcef-ltc.otq/pobllcotloos/
pJf/vloleoce_lo_spott.pJf.
22commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, kepott of tbe tbltty-flftb sessloo (uN
uoc. ckc/c/1J7, 2004), Aooex ll, ot poto. 10.
2J noJqklo, kocbel ooJ letet Newell. lmplemeototloo nooJbook fot tbe
24 uovlJ, loolo. commeototy oo tbe uolteJ Notloos cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts
of tbe cbllJ, Attlcle J1. 1be klqbt to lelsote, lloy ooJ coltote. 8ostoo.
Mottloos Nljboff lobllsbets, 2006, p. 19.
25 5ee fot exomple. 1be llO Nlqbt wotk of oooq letsoos (Noo-loJosttlol
Occopotloos) cooveotloo, 1946 (No.79), tbe llO Nlqbt wotk of oooq
letsoos (loJostty) cooveotloo (kevlseJ), 1948 (No.90), ooJ tbe llO
cooveotloo coocetoloq Mlolmom Aqe fot AJmlssloo to mploymeot, 197J
(No. 1J8).
26 N k c l M 5
pottetos, ooJ Jlfflcoltles of oJolesceots, 5ommoty of o wotksbop, 8ootJ oo
c l w N k c
lostltote of MeJlcloe, 2000.
w l k A c l
2000.
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1he flrsL of Lhe four general prlnclples LhaL serve as a gulde Lo Lhe

equallLy and non-dlscrlmlnaLlon seL ouL ln ArLlcle 2 of Lhe
cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ. ln Lhls respecL Lhe
cooveotloo follows Lhe model of all baslc human rlghLs lnsLrumenLs
and recalls Lhe commlLmenL Lo equallLy enshrlned ln Lhe un
CharLer as a cornersLone of Lhe new world order esLabllshed ln San
lranclsco ln 1943.

Chlldren espouse concepLs of equallLy and non-dlscrlmlnaLlon
easlly and early because Lhese are more lnLulLlve aLLlLudes Lhan
pre[udlce and oLher learned sLereoLypes. Chlldhood playgrounds,
daycares and recreaLlonal spaces and programs should nurLure and
relnforce Lhe prlnclples of ArLlcle 2. rograms llke ClSv, and Lhe
A l P 8 P S
8lghL Lo lay lnLernaLlonal and school-based PablLaL for PumanlLy
programs offer opporLunlLles for chlldren Lo learn from playlng or
worklng wlLh each oLher and from sLudylng LogeLher our collecLlve
pasLs and Lhe hlsLory of dlscrlmlnaLlon. We are very encouraged by
Lhe leadershlp whlch young new 8runswlckers have shown ln Lhe
pasL several monLhs ln combaLlng bullylng ln Lhelr schools and
communlLles. 1he Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe wlll make
speclal efforLs Lhls year Lo expand Lhe opporLunlLles for chlldren
across Lhe provlnce Lo beneflL from communlLy programs almed aL
A 8
LquallLy.

1 C 8 W l
capLure equallLy concerns aL a very baslc level by dlsaggregaLlng
daLa as much as posslble by gender for every lndlcaLor chosen, as
recommended by Lhe new 8runswlck Advlsory Councll on Lhe
SLaLus of Women ln relaLlon Lo prevlous SLaLe of Lhe Chlld reporLs.
We are also very much concerned wlLh Lhe ablllLy Lo break down
our sLaLlsLlcal porLralL of new 8runswlck chlldren by offlclal
language communlLy and by ancesLry, parLlcularly ln relaLlon Lo
llrsL naLlons chlldren ln new 8runswlck on and off reserves. LasL
year Lhe SLaLe of Lhe Chlld reporL was dedlcaLed speclflcally Lo
Aborlglnal culLure and ldenLlLy. Slnce mosL of Lhe lndlcaLors ln our
lramework cannoL currenLly be broken down by llrsL naLlons or
non-Aborlglnal ancesLry, we have chosen Lo lncorporaLe Lhe llrsL
naLlons daLa where lL ls avallable as a separaLe llne ln Lhe reporL.
1he new 8runswlck PealLh Councll and Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and
?ouLh AdvocaLe wlll conLlnue Lo work Lhls year wlLh llrsL naLlons
communlLles and leaders ln Lhe provlnce Lo lmprove Lhe
lramework and our reporLlng model Lo provlde beLLer
comparaLlve daLa ln Lhls respecL ln fuLure years.

W
slgnlflcanL dlvergence ln ouLcomes and lndlcaLors of well-belng as
compared beLween boys and glrls. Clrls by a conslderable margln
are much less llkely Lo adopL rlsky behavlours and appear Lo be
maklng healLhler cholces Lhan Lhelr male peers. Some of Lhe wlder
dlscrepancles reporLed lnclude Lhe followlng: ?ouLh 12-19 who
have pro-soclal behavlours (belng helpful, respecLful, LhoughLful,
eLc.) 79 of glrls vs. 66 of boys, ?ouLh 12-19 who spend 2 hours
or less per day ln sedenLary acLlvlLles 44 of glrls vs. 33 of boys,
?ouLh 12-19 who volunLeer ouLslde of school: 82 of glrls vs. 70
of boys, ?ouLh saLlsfacLlon wlLh respecL Lo menLal flLness needs
relaLed Lo famlly 82 of glrls vs. 70 of boys, ln[urles ln Lhe pasL
12 monLhs causlng llmlLaLlons of normal acLlvlLles among 12 Lo 19
year olds 34.3 of boys vs. 27.7 of glrls, youLh 12-19 who have
seen or Lalked Lo a healLh professlonal abouL Lhelr menLal healLh
wlLhln Lhe lasL year 17.2 of glrls vs. 3.1 of boys, ?ouLh who
have never Lrled smoklng 64 of glrls vs 34 of boys. Cn Lhe
oLher hand Lhere are very few lndlcaLors where Lhe boys acLually
ouLperform Lhelr female peers, moderaLe Lo hard physlcal acLlvlLy
levels and dally consumpLlon of breakfasL are Lhe excepLlons
where boys measure up much beLLer Lhan Lhe glrls.

Whlle our lramework ls noL as compleLe as we would llke lL Lo be
wlLh respecL Lo comparlsons among llrsL naLlons and non llrsL
naLlons chlldren and youLh, Lhe lndlcaLors whlch are avallable
polnL Lo an endemlc fallure Lo provlde llrsL naLlons chlldren wlLh a
level playlng fleld and equal opporLunlLles ln new 8runswlck. llrsL
naLlons people make up [usL under 3 of Lhe provlnclal
populaLlon, buL lL ls Lhe reallLy ln our provlnce LhaL our search for
equallLy wlll always be deflned Lo a slgnlflcanL degree by efforLs Lo
flnd equallLy beLween our llrsL naLlons and non-llrsL naLlons
chlldren and youLh.

lurLhermore, Lhe speclal naLure of new 8runswlck, as Lhe only
rovlnce where equallLy of Lhe Lwo offlclal llngulsLlc communlLles
ls ConsLlLuLlonally recognlzed ln Lhe coooJloo cbottet of klqbts
ooJ lteeJoms, demands LhaL we do beLLer. Whereas [usL over
29 of Lhe populaLlon reporLs uslng lrench mosL ofLen aL home,
Lhe enrolmenL ln school by lrench language lnsLrucLlon conLlnues
Lo lag behlnd LhaL number. ls Lhls a mere reflecLlon of Lhe

does lL also reflecL Lhe lmpacLs of culLural or llngulsLlc
asslmllaLlon? We also noLe LhaL based on Lhe 2009/2010 Cral
roflclency assessmenLs, 33 of Crade 10 Anglophone SecLor
sLudenLs performed aL lnLermedlaLe or hlgher on lSL (lrench as
Second Language) compared Lo 70 of Crade 10 lrancophone
SecLor sLudenLs performed aL lnLermedlaLe or hlgher on LSL
(Lngllsh as Second Language).

1hls gap ls lndlcaLlve of severe deflclencles ln our ablllLy Lo
graduaLe blllngual sLudenLs, and a ma[or lnequallLy beLween
Anglophone and lrancophone sLudenLs. 8eyond our legal
obllgaLlons Lo promoLe llngulsLlc equallLy, Lhere are slgnlflcanL
fuLure employmenL ramlflcaLlons for our youLh when Lhey move
lnLo whaL ls largely a blllngual worklng envlronmenL ln new
8runswlck.

AL Lhe same Llme, new 8runswlckers have Lo be alerL Lo Lhe
equallLy needs and demands of newcomers and lmmlgranLs who
are now beglnnlng Lo change Lhe demographlc proflle of our
provlnce.

We can do beLLer aL collecLlng and analyzlng daLa on our chlldren
and youLh ln Lhe educaLlon sysLem, for lnsLance Lo obLaln yearly
measures of how safe our chlldren and youLh feel ln school for
all dlfferenL ages, culLures, levels of ablllLy/dlsablllLy, gender and
sexual orlenLaLlon.

* * *

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ooJettokeo by pobllc ot ptlvote soclol welfote
lostltotloos, cootts of low, oJmlolsttotlve
ootbotltles ot leqlslotlve boJles, tbe best lotetests
of tbe cbllJ sboll be o ptlmoty cooslJetotloo.
!
Whlle Lhls ArLlcle may aL a glance appear Lo sLaLe a slmple
prlnclple for rlghLs fulflllmenL, Lhe facL LhaL Lhe LexL of ArLlcle 3
was debaLed over an 11-year perlod
29
polnLs Lo lLs complexlLles.
1he concepL of Lhe besL lnLeresLs of Lhe chlld has recelved Lhe
mosL academlc analysls of any concepL lncluded ln Lhe rlghLs
found ln Lhe cooveotloo.
30

ArLlcle 3 ls one of Lhe four foundaLlonal ArLlcles ln Lhe cooveotloo.
1he prlnclple of Lhe besL lnLeresLs of Lhe chlld belng a prlmary
conslderaLlon provldes a foundaLlon for all oLher provlslons ln Lhe
cooveotloo l
cooveotloo
31

1hls ArLlcle necesslLaLes LhaL all publlc lnsLlLuLlons musL assess
any poLenLlal and acLual lmpacL of Lhelr acLlons upon chlldren and
youLh. CovernmenL has a furLher obllgaLlon Lo ensure LhaL
prlvaLe lnsLlLuLlons do Lhe same. rlorlLy musL be glven Lo Lhe
besL lnLeresLs of chlldren ln any such acLlons, and lL musL be
demonsLrable LhaL Lhese lnLeresLs have been Laken lnLo accounL.
1o be leglLlmaLe, Lhe besL lnLeresLs of Lhe chlld musL also Lake lnLo
accounL Lhe vlews of Lhe chlld (ArLlcle 12) when posslble.

ln one of lLs reporLs Lo Canada, Lhe un CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs
of Lhe Chlld expressed lLs concern LhaL Lhe prlnclple of Lhe besL

some leglslaLlon, courL declslons and pollcles affecLlng cerLaln
chlldren, especlally Lhose faclng slLuaLlons of dlvorce, cusLody and
A
32
1he CommlLLee on
Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld has also urged governmenLs Lo provlde
lndependenL legal represenLaLlon for chlldren ln all [udlclal
proceedlngs affecLlng chlldren.
33

lurLher, Lhe CommlLLee has sLaLed LhaL ArLlcle 3 necesslLaLes LhaL
chlld lmpacL assessmenLs be underLaken wlLh respecL Lo all
leglslaLlon and pollcles LhaL relaLe Lo chlldren.
34
Such assessmenLs
are deslgned Lo predlcL Lhe lmpacL upon chlldren and youLh of any
law, pollcy or governmenLal declslon. ConducLlng Lhese
assessmenLs ls noL a burdensome Lask, Lhe process can provlde a
very useful plcLure of how a law, pollcy or declslon may affecL
chlldren and youLh and consLlLuLes a mere modlcum of due
dlllgence ln keeplng our promlses Lo chlldren.
33

1he CommlLLee has also sLressed Lhe lmporLance of conLlnual and
up-Lo-
people worklng ln lnsLlLuLlons and faclllLles for Lhe care and
C
chlld-

rlghLs.
36

1 n 8 C ? A C

worklng ln our educaLlon and [usLlce sysLems, as well as ln care
faclllLles. Cne promlnenL example of a lack of such Lralnlng ls
exhlblLed ln Lhe number of crlmlnal charges broughL agalnsL youLh
ln slLuaLlons occurrlng ln schools and ln group homes. 1he besL
lnLeresLs of Lhe chlld musL be consldered ln such declslons, as
musL Lhe rlghLs ln ArLlcle 40 (1he AdmlnlsLraLlon of !uvenlle
! C ootb ctlmlool Iostlce Act.

1o address Lhese several concerns ralsed by Lhe un CommlLLee on
Lhe 8lghL of Lhe Chlld we wlll be collaboraLlng wlLh unlCLl
Canada over Lhe course of Lhe nexL year Lo roll-ouL more Lralnlng
workshops on Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ and lLs
means of lmplemenLaLlon for our own sLaff, as well as for publlc
secLor employees, Lhe research communlLy and non-govermenLal
organlzaLlons . We have approached several deparLmenLs already
ln relaLlon Lo Lhe need Lo conducL Chlld lmpacL AssessmenLs on
proposed law reform LhaL may affecL new 8runswlck chlldren and
are hoplng Lo develop our capaclLy provlnclally Lo puL Lhese
meLhods lnLo acLlon for Lhe beneflL of our chlldren. We are very
lnLeresLed ln Lhe process LhaL ls underway Lo reform our lamlly
CourL servlces and we hope LhaL Lhrough Lhls process Lhe
rovlnclal CovernmenL wlll flnd ways of provldlng new 8runswlck
chlldren wlLh a volce and beLLer legal represenLaLlon whenever
Lhelr lnLeresLs are ln play ln [udlclal proceedlngs ln our provlnce.

All new 8runswlckers are lnvlLed Lo reflecL Lhls year on how Lhe

Lo play, resL, recreaLlon, lelsure, arLs and culLure. ln our vlew lL
beglns wlLh an aLLlLude shlfL among us all whlch moves away from

lnsLead LhaL play, resL, recreaLlon, lelsure and arLs and culLure are

P
when we plan and deslgn programs, spaces and cenLres for Lhe
supervlsed access by non-cusLodlal parenLs Lo Lhelr chlldren we
need adequaLe resources and capaclLy for play and recreaLlon.
P
lmplemenL our provlnclal poverLy reducLlon sLraLegy Lhrough our
CommunlLy lncluslon neLworks we need Lhese neLworks Lo be
exemplars of youLh engagemenL and parLlclpaLlon. lL means also
LhaL we need Lo recognlze and nurLure programs of chlld welfare
S -
based equal opporLunlLy program LhaL has been shown Lo have
lnLergeneraLlonal lmpacLs ln combaLlng poverLy.

P
our buslness councll dlnners and celebraLe our enLrepreneurs we

because Lhese lnvesLmenLs wlll sLrengLhen our workforce and our
work eLhlc and wlll yleld longer reLurns. llnally, havlng Lhe besL
lnLeresLs of Lhe chlld clearly ln mlnd means LhaL as parenLs when
we Lake our klds Lo work one day ln november of each year we
wlll remember Lhe oLher 364 days of Lhe year when we can Lake
Lhem Lo a rlnk, Lo a pool, Lo a dance, Lo Lhe LheaLre, Lo a park, or
[usL maybe Lo Lhe back yard or Lhe famlly room for a game and
some fun.

* * *

!
!
!
oJootes.

29 lteemoo, Mlcboel. commeototy oo tbe uolteJ Notloos cooveotloo oo tbe
klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Attlcle J . 1be 8est lotetests of tbe cbllJ. Mottloos
Nljboff lobllsbets, lelJeo, tbe NetbetlooJs, 2007, p. 44.
J0 noJqklo, kocbel ooJ letet Newell. lmplemeototloo nooJbook fot tbe
uolteJ Notloos lobllcotloos, 2007, p. J6. Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//
J1 lteemoo, Mlcboel. commeototy oo tbe uolteJ Notloos cooveotloo oo tbe
Nljboff lobllsbets, lelJeo, tbe NetbetlooJs, 2007.
J2 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ/coooJo ckc/c/15/AJJ.215, potos 24
ooJ 25.
JJ commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Ceoetol commeot No. 7, 2005, ckl/
c/Cc/7/kev.1, poto 1J.
J4 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Ceoetol commeot No. 5, 200J,
Ceoetol Meosotes of lmplemeototloo fot tbe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of
1be cbllJ ckl/Cc/200J/5, potos 45-47.
J5 lblJ ot poto. 45.
J6 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Ceoetol commeot No. 7, 2005, ckl/
c/Cc/7/kev.1, poto 2J.
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exteot posslble tbe sotvlvol ooJ Jevelopmeot of tbe
cbllJ.

lL ls essenLlal Lo recognlze LhaL Lhe obllgaLlon of SLaLe parLles Lo
Lhe ConvenLlon on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld under ArLlcle 6 ls noL
only Lo proLecL Lhe survlval of Lhe chlld, buL also Lo ensure Lhe
developmenL of Lhe chlld. ArLlcle 1 of Lhe un ueclototloo oo tbe
klqbt to uevelopmeot deflnes Lhe rlghL Lo developmenL as a rlghL

37
1he rlghL Lo developmenL ls a process leadlng Lo Lhe
full reallzaLlon of every human rlghL. ArLlcle 6 consLlLuLes Lhe
Lhlrd of Lhe four general prlnclples guldlng Lhe lnLerpreLaLlon of
Lhe cooveotloo and ls also a hollsLlc concepL, requlrlng Lhe
reallzaLlon of many of Lhe rlghLs ln Lhe cooveotloo, such as Lhe
rlghLs Lo healLh, educaLlon, adequaLe sLandard of llvlng, and noL
leasL Lhose found ln ArLlcle 31: Lhe rlghLs Lo play, recreaLlon, resL,
lelsure, arL and culLure.

W A

chlldren under Lhelr respecLlve [urlsdlcLlon Lo grow up ln a healLhy
and proLecLed manner, free from fear and wanL, and Lo develop
Lhelr personallLy, LalenLs and menLal and physlcal ablllLles Lo Lhelr

38

1he developmenL of chlldren depends Lo a ma[or exLenL on Lhe
en[oymenL of oLher rlghLs, parLlcularly ArLlcle 24 (Lhe rlghLs Lo
healLh), ArLlcles 28 and 29 (educaLlon), ArLlcle 27 (an adequaLe
sLandard of llvlng, lncludlng nuLrlLlon, waLer, cloLhlng and
houslng), ArLlcle 26 (soclal securlLy) and ArLlcle 31 (resL, lelsure,
play and recreaLlon).

ln 2003, Lhe un CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld noLed LhaL

39
1he Lragedy of Lhls LruLh ls vlvldly apparenL ln Lhe
slLuaLlon of youLh homelessness. ln 1993, Lhe CommlLLee
expressed concern abouL Lhe number of homeless chlldren ln
Canada.
40
SlxLeen years laLer, accuraLe measuremenLs abouL Lhe
number of homeless youLh are sLlll noL collecLed naLlonally or ln
new 8runswlck. ?ouLh homelessness ls an lssue LhaL remalns
largely unaddressed. 1he numbers of homeless youLhs ln new
8runswlck can only be esLlmaLed. 1hls facL alone underscores Lhe
level of neglecL Lhese youLh face. Whlle we Lherefore cannoL
know wlLh emplrlc cerLalnLy wheLher Lhe problem ls worsenlng,
all slgns polnL ln LhaL dlrecLlon. Moreover, whlle Lhe Lrue exLenL
of Lhe problem may be unknown, Lhere ls no quesLlon LhaL
homeless youLhs LhroughouL our provlnce Loday face rlsks such as
developlng or deepenlng menLal healLh problems, Lurnlng Lo Lhe
desolaLe cul-de-sac of drug addlcLlon, causlng harm Lo
Lhemselves, becomlng vlcLlms of predaLors, and vlcLlmlzlng oLhers
by engaglng ln crlme.

A n 8 lomlly
5etvlces Act whlch soughL Lo expand servlces Lo vulnerable youLh
beLween Lhe ages of 16 and 18 have been unevenly and
unsuccessfully applled. Whlle Lhe age llmlL on servlces Lo youLh
over 16 has been removed Lhe program supporLs are only
accessed by youLh who volunLarlly requesL Lhem. We need Lo
redouble our ouLreach efforLs Lo engage youLh ln accepLlng
servlces LhaL wlll beneflL Lhelr developmenL. 1ranslLlon homes can
play an lmporLanL role here as well lf Lhey are sufflclenLly
resourced. rogress has been made Lhls year ln lncreaslng
supporLs Lo youLh LranslLlon homes where Lhey exlsL, buL Loo few
communlLles ln new 8runswlck have access Lo such supporLs for
youLh. MoncLon and Mlramlchl have dedlcaLed youLh shelLers,
lrederlcLon has a shelLer for young glrls, buL Lhe provlnce and
oLher communlLles have Lo do Lhelr parL as well. CommunlLy
l n n 8
Lo combaL poverLy can asslsL ln addresslng Lhe gaps and Lhey have
Lhe poLenLlal Lo make a slgnlflcanL change ln Lhe llves of our
youLh.

All of Lhe rlghLs under Lhe cooveotloo musL be lnLerpreLed ln llghL
of Lhe general prlnclples seL ouL ln ArLlcle 6 relaLed Lo Lhe rlghL Lo
llfe, survlval and developmenL. 1hroughouL Lhe followlng year Lhe
Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe wlll focus upon Lhe
8
developmenL. We know LhaL Lhe varlous aspecLs of ArLlcle 31,
resL, play, recreaLlon, lelsure and arLs and culLure are all essenLlal
paLhways Lo reslllency and healLhy chlld developmenL. 8efore a
chlld can read or wrlLe, she musL learn Lo play, laugh, move and
P
Lasks suggesLs LhaL some developmenLal sLages precede oLhers,
buL aL Lhe same Llme Lhe psychologlcal llLeraLure around
developmenLal Lasks lnvlLes one Lo Lhe vlew LhaL learnlng ls a llfe-
long process and LhaL play, recreaLlon and arLs and culLure
provlde opporLunlLles Lo hone essenLlal developmenLal skllls and
learnlng envlronmenLs aL every sLage of llfe.

We encourage n8 2026 and Lhe developers of Lhe ConLlnuous
Learnlng publlc engagemenL lnlLlaLlve Lo fully explore nexL year
Lhe llnkages beLween ArLlcle 31 of Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of
tbe cbllJ and lLs relaLed human rlghLs guaranLees ln Lhe unlversal
8lll of 8lghLs ln Lhe developmenL and lmplemenLaLlon of programs
of soclal LransformaLlon Lhrough our collecLlve and renewed
lnvesLmenL ln llfe-long learnlng. We are also encouraged by Lhe
promlse of new lnvesLmenLs ln early chlldhood educaLlon.
Powever, we would llke Lo see lmproved communlLy supporLs for
school and munlclpal playgrounds and sporLs flelds, parLlcularly ln
new 8runswlck llrsL naLlons communlLles.
41

1here are many measures of success abouL whlch new 8runswlck
l C 8
Wellbelng lramework lncluded ln Lhls 8eporL shows LhaL we have
less chlldren and youLh llvlng ln low-lncome famllles Lhan mosL
oLher provlnces. We also have a very low lnfanL morLallLy raLe
when compared Lo Canadlan provlnces and LerrlLorles.
u l
several worrlsome sLaLlsLlcs ln relaLlon Lo new 8runswlck
W
ouL of 13 [urlsdlcLlons ln Canada ln relaLlon Lo food lnsecurlLy ln
homes wlLh chlldren under 18. We rank 12Lh ouL of 13
[urlsdlcLlons ln Canada ln Lerms of Lhe number of youLh 12 Lo 19
years of age who were slgnlflcanLly ln[ured lasL year. Also, our
overwelghL and obeslLy raLes sLlll polnL Lo a slgnlflcanL need for
lmprovemenL. 1aklng sLock of Lhese lndlcaLors and oLhers should
allow us as a socleLy Lo focus our efforLs Lo help chlldren develop
safer, healLhler hablLs and llves.

* * *

oJootes.

J7 uN Ceoetol Assembly, ueclototloo oo tbe klqbt to uevelopmeot .
tesolotloo / oJopteJ by tbe Ceoetol Assembly, 4 uecembet 1986, A/
k5/41/128, ovolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//www.oobct.otq/tefwotlJ/
JoclJ/Jb00f22544.btml
J8 Nowok, MoofteJ. klqbt to llfe, 5otvlvol ooJ uevelopmeot. lelJeo, 1be
NetbetlooJs. Mottloos Nljboff lobllsbets, 2005, p 14.
J9 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Ceoetol commeot No. 7,
l c k c ckccCck
poto 14.
40 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ ckc/c/15/AJJ. J4, poto. 15 lo 1995.
41 5cbleyet-lloJemooo A. & M. llolot. les 1ocbes Je uveloppemeot oo
coocept teJcoovtlt lo lsycboloqle ltooolse, Iooe 2011, vol. 56, No.
2, pp. 81-101. (

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1. 5totes lottles sboll ossote to tbe cbllJ wbo ls
copoble of fotmloq bls ot bet owo vlews tbe tlqbt
to exptess tbose vlews fteely lo oll mottets
offectloq tbe cbllJ, tbe vlews of tbe cbllJ beloq
qlveo Joe welqbt lo occotJooce wltb tbe oqe ooJ
mototlty of tbe cbllJ.

2. lot tbls potpose, tbe cbllJ sboll lo pottlcolot be
ptovlJeJ tbe oppottoolty to be beotJ lo ooy
joJlclol ooJ oJmlolsttotlve ptoceeJloqs offectloq
tbe cbllJ, eltbet Jltectly, ot tbtooqb o
tepteseototlve ot oo opptoptlote boJy, lo o
moooet cooslsteot wltb tbe ptoceJotol toles of
ootloool low.
!
ArLlcle 12 ls Lhe lasL of Lhe four foundaLlonal ArLlcles of Lhe
cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ. ln parLlcular, lL ls meanL Lo
operaLe ln synergy wlLh ArLlcle 3, whlch sLaLes LhaL Lhe besL
lnLeresLs of Lhe chlld shall be a prlmary conslderaLlon ln all
declslons and acLlons affecLlng chlldren. ArLlcle 12 and ArLlcle 3
do noL presenL opposlLlonal concepLs, as ls someLlmes belleved.
ueLermlnaLlon of Lhe besL lnLeresLs of Lhe chlld musL Lake lnLo
conslderaLlon Lhe vlews of Lhe chlld where he or she ls capable of
expresslng hls or her vlews.

aragraph 2 of Lhls ArLlcle emphaslzes Lhe rlghL of Lhe chlld Lo be
heard and for hls or her vlews Lo be afforded welghL ln speclflc
proceedlngs LhaL affecL Lhe chlld. 1hls rlghL applles Lo a broad
range of courL proceedlngs, lncludlng dlvorce proceedlngs,
cusLody and chlld proLecLlon maLLers, clvll proceedlngs deallng
wlLh educaLlon or oLher maLLers, and even adulL crlmlnal maLLers
LhaL may lead Lo a chlld belng deprlved of a parenL. lL cerLalnly
also applles Lo youLh crlmlnal [usLlce maLLers. aragraph 2 also
sLaLes LhaL Lhe rlghL applles Lo any admlnlsLraLlve proceedlng
affecLlng Lhe chlld. 1hls lncludes a wlde range of formal declslon-
maklng ln areas as dlverse as educaLlon, munlclpal plannlng, soclal
welfare and healLh.

1he rlghLs seL ouL ln ArLlcle 12 do noL propose an lnfeaslble

conslderaLlons. ArLlcle 12 slmply applles a baslc prlnclple of
fundamenLal [usLlce, Lhe rlghL Lo be heard enshrlned ln SecLlon 7
of Lhe coooJloo cbottet of klqbts ooJ lteeJoms, Lo maLLers where
declslons are made by adulLs LhaL affecL chlldren and youLh. lL
allows for a rlghL of parLlclpaLlon as rlghLs holders and a move
away from sLrlcLly paLernallsLlc approaches Lo lssues LhaL affecL
chlldren and youLh. 1he CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld has
ofLen polnLed ouL LhaL LradlLlonal aLLlLudes have presenLed
obsLacles Lo Lhe accepLance of Lhe concepL LhaL chlldren have
rlghLs. 1he CommlLLee also calls for Lhe promoLlon of a pollLlcal
and soclal envlronmenL LhaL ls conduclve Lo parLlclpaLlon by
chlldren and youLh ln declslon-maklng.
42
1he CommlLLee has
furLher asked parLles Lo Lhe cooveotloo Lo provlde daLa on Lhe
number of chlld and youLh organlzaLlons and Lhelr membershlps.
43
1 C ? A C n 8
PealLh Councll wlll conLlnue Lo work on monlLorlng efforLs ln new
8runswlck Lo glve full force Lo ArLlcle 12. 8y paylng aLLenLlon Lo
Lhe vlews of youLh, we can help Lo fosLer Lhe developmenL of
parLlclpaLlng, engaged clLlzens who wlll Lake ownershlp of
challenges ln our communlLles and sLrengLhen our democracy.

1he promoLlon of Lhe rlghLs ln ArLlcle 12 ls parLlcularly lmporLanL
wlLh regard Lo chlldren and youLh who are marglnallzed and
whose vlews are Lherefore less llkely Lo flnd an ouLleL. 1hls
lncludes chlldren and youLh llvlng ln poverLy, llvlng ln lnsLlLuLlons,
homeless, havlng dlsablllLles or belonglng Lo lndlgenous or oLher
mlnorlLy groups.

ln 2002, Lhe unlLed naLlons Ceneral Assembly produced and
adopLed a documenL enLlLled A wotlJ llt fot cbllJteo. 1hls
C
clLlzens capable of helplng Lo bulld a beLLer fuLure for all. We
musL respecL Lhelr rlghL Lo express Lhemselves and Lo parLlclpaLe
ln all maLLers affecLlng Lhem, ln accordance wlLh Lhelr age and
44
ArLlcle 12 of Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ

43
1he
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld has furLher advlsed parLles
Lo Lhe cooveotloo
lnvolved ln [udlclal and admlnlsLraLlve proceedlngs wlLh
A
46

1he Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe wlll malnLaln lLs
efforLs ln Lhe comlng year Lo encourage Lhe many parLners
acLlvely commlLLed Lo youLh engagemenL processes Lo conLlnue
Lhelr efforLs and work LogeLher Lo brlng abouL a culLure change ln
Lhe provlnce so LhaL 8especL for Lhe vlews of Lhe Chlld becomes
Lhe norm, LhaL youLh Lokenlsm ls no more and LhaL chlldren learn
from a young age Lhe leadershlp skllls Lo be acLlve conLrlbuLors Lo
Lhelr communlLles. We wlll also conLrlbuLe Lo Lhe lamlly CourL
revlew processes underway as an efforL Lo ensure LhaL any
reforms lmprove Lhe guaranLees made Lo chlldren under ArLlcle
12 of Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ.

Cne key measure of our success ln lmplemenLlng ArLlcle 12 ln
relaLlon Lo ArLlcle 31 and Lhe 8lghL Lo lay would be Lo work wlLh
youLh culLural organlzaLlons and sporLs organlzaLlons across Lhe
provlnce Lo ensure LhaL chlldren and youLh are acLlvely lnvolved ln
Lhe admlnlsLraLlon and governance of Lhe organlzaLlons LhaL
enable Lhelr 8lghL Lo play, resL, recreaLlon lelsure, arLs and
culLure. 1he youLh engagemenL framework launched by ?ouLh
M C ? A C
youLh engagemenL gulde produced ln 2010 by Lhe lederaLlon des
[eunes francophones du nouveau-8runswlck are helpful
framework documenLs Lo lnlLlaLe conversaLlons aL board meeLlngs
and ln munlclpal counclls across Lhe provlnce. 1hese documenLs
speak eloquenLly Lo Lhe role of an adulL ally. 1hls role assumes
deference noL leadershlp and beglns, as korczak polnLed ouL
almosL a cenLury ago, wlLh a wllllngness Lo answer quesLlons
pollLely. 1he Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe wlll work wlLh
all wllllng parLners and young persons ln every communlLy Lo
brlng abouL Lhe change requlred.

* * *

!
!

oJootes.

42 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, kepott of tbe lotty-1bltJ 5essloo,
5eptembet 2006, uoy of Ceoetol ulscossloo, kecommeoJotloos, poto 9.
4J commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Ceoetol ColJelloes teqotJloq tbe
fotm ooJ cooteot of petloJlc tepotts to be sobmltteJ by 5totes lottles ooJet
ottlcle 44, potoqtopb 1(b), of tbe cooveotloo. AJopteJ by tbe commlttee ot
lts tbltty-olotb sessloo oo J Iooe 2005, Aooex, poto 6. 44uolteJ Notloos
Ceoetol Assembly, 1weoty-seveotb speclol sessloo, A/k5/5-27/2, 11
Octobet 2002, kesolotloo oJopteJ by tbe Ceoetol Assembly oo tbe tepott of
tbe AJ noc commlttee of tbe wbole (A/5-27/19/kev.1 ooJ cott.1 ooJ 2), 5-
27/2, A wotlJ llt fot cbllJteo, ueclototloo, poto. 7.9.
45 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Ceoetol commeot No. 7,
l c k c ckccCck
poto 14.
46 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, kepott of tbe lotty-1bltJ 5essloo,
5eptembet 2006, uoy of Ceoetol ulscossloo, kecommeoJotloos, poto J8.
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<2-0!-0%!@?66#(-!#/!K.9?@L!M#(AL.=7!
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ThC DurDOC O( thC DDCr. hC CDllnCO. u "tO OC(CnO ChllOrCn". ThOC uhO OlOn't KnOu hOu tO urltC
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.9!#(60.9P!G0%!./-%(9##9!%42-2#9!<#?34!-.=%!?6!&#(%!@%(2#?@!@?']%A-@N!<2-0!6(2L%@!#/!'##=@N!<.-A0%@N!
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D(-P!+S7!;(%%4#&!#/!HW6(%@@2#9!!
!
1be cbllJ sboll bove tbe tlqbt to fteeJom of
exptessloo, tbls tlqbt sboll locloJe fteeJom to seek,
tecelve ooJ lmpott lofotmotloo ooJ lJeos of oll
kloJs, teqotJless of ftootlets, eltbet otolly, lo
wtltloq ot lo ptlot, lo tbe fotm of ott, ot tbtooqb

ln Lhe very flrsL sesslon of Lhe unlLed naLlons Ceneral Assembly ln
1946, a resoluLlon was adopLed sLaLlng LhaL freedom of

u n
47
1he lotetootloool coveooot oo
clvll ooJ lolltlcol klqbts, whlch enLered lnLo force LhlrLy years
laLer, proclalms LhaL Lhe rlghL Lo freedom of expresslon ls a
unlversal rlghL. 1he hlsLory of rlghLs Lheory and pracLlce generally
deprlved chlldren of rlghLs, Lhough. lL was Lherefore a ma[or sLep
Lo consecraLe Lhls rlghL for chlldren ln Lhe ConvenLlon oo tbe
klqbts of tbe cbllJ. 1hrough expresslon and parLlclpaLlon,
chlldren become empowered Lo Lake lncreaslng responslblllLy for
Lhe exerclse of Lhelr rlghLs. 1hls cenLral rlghL of Lhe chlld forcefully

lreedom of expresslon ls lmporLanL Lo all lndlvlduals ln Lhelr
lnLellecLual developmenL and personal growLh, and Lhls ls
especlally Lrue for chlldren. 1hls rlghL ls also lnLlmaLely connecLed
Lo Lhe rlghL Lo play found ln ArLlcle 31 of Lhe cooveotloo. As
unlCLl
freedom of expresslon ls Lhe rlghL Lo engage ln play and
recreaLlonal acLlvlLy and Lo parLlclpaLe freely ln culLural llfe and

48

lreedom of expresslon allows for Lhe developmenL of a sense of
self as well as a sense of parLlclpaLlon ln socleLy. Cur fuLure
depends Lo a greaL degree on provldlng youLh wlLh opporLunlLles
Lo become capable of produclng and expresslng lndependenL and
lnformed LhoughL. 1hls rlghL ls also essenLlal Lo Lhe fulflllmenL of
Lhe rlghL of respecL for Lhe vlews of Lhe chlld found ln ArLlcle 12,
one of Lhe four foundaLlonal rlghLs ln Lhe cooveotloo. lor Lhe
volce of chlldren and youLh Lo be accorded due welghL ln all
declslons and acLlons affecLlng Lhem, Lhelr oplnlons musL be boLh
free and lnformed.

1he cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of letsoos wltb ulsobllltles
49

sLresses Lhe lmporLance of governmenL provldlng speclal
aLLenLlon Lo fosLerlng Lhe rlghL Lo freedom of expresslon for
people wlLh dlsablllLles. 1hls necesslLaLes LhaL governmenL boLh
provlde lnformaLlon ln accesslble formaLs and accepL lnformaLlon
Lhrough varlous modes of communlcaLlon (such as 8rallle, slgn
language, and oLher modes). 1he CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe
Chlld has also noLed LhaL governmenLs should pay parLlcular
aLLenLlon Lo areas such as Lhe rlghL Lo freedom of expresslon
where Lhe rlghLs of chlldren wlLh dlsablllLles are mosL llkely Lo be
vlolaLed.
30

l n 8 C 8 W-belng
lramework has Lrled Lo capLure daLa ln relaLlon Lo freedom of
expresslon rlghLs by asklng squarely how well chlldren ln new
8runswlck are expresslng Lhemselves. Cver a dozen lndlcaLors of
poslLlve sense of expresslon are lncluded. 1hese range from daLa
measurlng pro-soclal behavlour among chlldren and youLh, Lo
screen Llme usage, Lo employmenL raLes and volunLeerlng raLes
and Lhe Lypes of physlcal acLlvlLles ln whlch youLh are engaged.
1hese are helpful lndlcaLors and yeL Lhe lramework barely
scraLches Lhe surface ln Lerms of quesLlons whlch could be asked.
We are hoplng ln fuLure years Lo have beLLer measures and
dlsaggregaLed daLa Lracklng Lhe pollLlcal parLlclpaLlon raLe of
chlldren and youLh, daLa ln relaLlon Lo Lhe numbers of chlldren
and youLh lnvolved ln sLudenL governmenL, ln youLh
organlzaLlons, ln organlzed lobbles, ln newspaper and new medla
publlshlng, and ln debaLlng clubs and drama clubs, ln muslc
lessons, bands, cholrs and oLher performance Lroupes, ln creaLlve
wrlLlng and vlsual arLs programs and acLlvlLles. 1he new
8runswlck SLudenL Wellness Survey conducLed by Lhe ueparLmenL
of Wellness, CulLure and SporL provldes a valuable sLarLlng polnL
for measurlng youLh lnvolvemenL ln many such acLlvlLles ouLslde
of school, and we can bulld upon Lhls lnformaLlon for our
C 8 W-belng lramework. We know LhaL Lhere
ls a healLhy amounL of acLlvlLy ln Lhese flelds supporLed by
communlLy organlzaLlons and schools LhroughouL Lhe provlnce.
Powever lL ls lmporLanL Lo Lrack and monlLor Lhls acLlvlLy ln order
Lo know wheLher Lhe opporLunlLles for new 8runswlck youLh are
equally spread LhroughouL Lhe provlnce and ln all llngulsLlc and
culLural communlLles. We need Lo know how well our provlnclal
parLlclpaLlon raLes ln Lhese flelds compare wlLh oLher Canadlan
[urlsdlcLlons, and wlLh Lhose abroad.

ln concluslon, lL ls very encouraglng Lo see Lhe raLe of youLh ln
grades 6 Lo 12 who conLrlbuLed Llme Lo volunLeer opporLunlLles
ouLslde of school ln Lhe lasL year come ln aL 76. We wlll be
seeklng over Lhe nexL year Lo obLaln more compleLe daLa ln Lhls
regard Lo make comparlsons Lo oLher age cohorLs and Lo Lrack Lhe
daLa over several reporLlng cycles. lL ls also hearLenlng Lo see LhaL
approxlmaLely 70 of grade 12 respondenLs ln Lhe LxlL Survey
sLaLed LhaL Lhey planned Lo voLe ln Lhe nexL federal and provlnclal
elecLlons. lf lnLenLlon LranslaLes Lo acLlon, Lhen Lhese new Plgh
School graduaLes wlll be voLlng aL a raLe nearly 10 greaLer Lhan
Lhe general populaLlon.
31

* * *

oJootes.

47 uolteJ Notloos Ceoetol Assembly, kesolotloos oJopteJ by tbe Ceoetol
Assembly ot lts 1st sessloo, A/k5/59(l), c.JA/lv.65, 14 uec. 1946, A/229,
A/261, collloq of oo lotetootloool coofeteoce oo lteeJom of lofotmotloo.
Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//www.oo.otq/Jepts/Jbl/tesqolJe/t1.btm
49 uN Ceoetol Assembly, cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of letsoos wltb
ulsobllltles. tesolotloo / oJopteJ by tbe Ceoetol Assembly, 24 Iooooty
2007, A/k5/61/106
50 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Ceoetol commeot No. 9, 2006, ckc/
c/Cc/, poto J4.
51 8oseJ oo votet totooot ot tbe most teceot feJetol electloo (61.1X), os
colcoloteJ by lectloos coooJo. bttp.//www.electloos.co/cooteot.ospx?
sectloo=ele&Jlt=toto&Jocomeot=loJex&looq=e

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-0%9!2-!2@!.'@#3?-%3Q!Q#?(!#<9N!.94!.!63.A%!<0%(%!9#!
#9%!%3@%!0.@!-0%!(2:0-!-#!6#=%!<2-0#?-!Q#?(!
6%(&2@@2#9P!U-!2@!92A%!-#!0.$%!Q#?(!#<9!:.(4%9!63#-N!
Q#?(!#<9!(##&!.94!.!63.A%N!.94!.!0#?@%!<0%(%!Q#?!
32$%!<2-0!Q#?(!/.&23QN!.94!<0%(%!9#!#9%!'#-0%(@!Q#?P!
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K.9?@L!M#(AL.=N!#9!-0%!B.(2@!1#9/%(%9A%!.94!B#32@0!294%6%94%9A%N!U9!-0%!
,?9@029%N!J.(@.<N!+O+b!

D(-2A3%!+T!-!ThC [hllO' [lht tO
B(2$.AQ!

1. No cbllJ sboll be sobjecteJ to otblttoty ot
oolowfol lotetfeteoce wltb bls ot bet ptlvocy,
fomlly, bome ot cottespooJeoce, oot to oolowfol
ottocks oo bls ot bet boooot ooJ tepototloo.

2. 1be cbllJ bos tbe tlqbt to tbe ptotectloo of tbe
low oqolost socb lotetfeteoce ot ottocks

1he rlghL Lo prlvacy ls one LhaL every adulL would surely conslder
fundamenLal. 1haL chlldren are rlghLs holders, Lhough, ls only a
relaLlvely new ldea. 1haL chlldren and youLh are Lo be afforded
Lhe rlghL Lo prlvacy was noL unLll recenLly a wldely held bellef, yeL
Lhe poLenLlal harm caused by vlolaLlons of Lhls rlghL can be more
ln[urlous Lo Lhe young Lhan Lo adulLs.

1he wordlng of ArLlcle 16 of Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe
cbllJ ls nearly ldenLlcal Lo LhaL ArLlcle 17 of Lhe lotetootloool
coveooot oo clvll ooJ lolltlcol klqbts (lcclk). 1he un Puman
8lghLs CommlLLee, whlch ls Lasked wlLh lnLerpreLlng Lhe lcclk,
has commenLed on Lhe conLours of Lhe rlghL Lo prlvacy. 1he
Puman 8lghLs CommlLLee noLes LhaL all persons llve ln socleLy,
Lhe proLecLlon of prlvacy ls necessarlly relaLlve. Powever, Lhe
compeLenL publ l c auL horl Ll es shoul d
only be able Lo call for such lnformaLlon relaLlng Lo an lndlvl
prlvaLe llfe Lhe knowledge of whlch ls essenLlal ln Lhe

32
1hls caveaL ls all Lhe more lmporLanL ln lLs
appllcaLlon Lo chlldren and youLhs, conslderlng Lhelr vulnerablllLy
and general lack of power Lo asserL Lhelr rlghLs. An lmporLanL
aspecL of Lhe rlghL Lo prlvacy ls LhaL noL only musL chlldren and
youLh be afforded proLecLlon from lnLerference from auLhorlLles,
buL also from all lndlvlduals and corporaLlons. Moreover, Lhe
prlvacy of chlldren and youLh ls Lo be afforded proLecLlon
wherever Lhey may spend Lhelr Llme, be lL ln schools, ln faclllLles,
ln Lhe home or ln lnsLlLuLlons.

Powever, Lhe consLanL advlce from Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh
A C
should noL be a shleld Lo prevenL governmenL accounLablllLy, nor
an lmpedlmenL Lo collaboraLlve efforLs among governmenL
agencles Lo serve Lhe besL lnLeresLs of Lhe chlld. ln our submlsslon
Lhree years ago Lo Lhe llnn-Malone 1ask lorce on ersonal PealLh
lnformaLlon rlvacy LeglslaLlon ln new 8runswlck we sLaLed Lhe
followlng:

1o daLe however, Lhe appllcaLlon of prlvacy prlnclples
has caused confuslon, lnhlblLlon and a wlLhdrawal lnLo
operaLlng sllos ln a manner LhaL has unduly
compromlsed medlcal, soclal and educaLlonal servlce
dellvery. 1he new law musL redress Lhls slLuaLlon. ln Lhe
area of chlld welfare ln parLlcular our offlce has
recommended LhaL Lhe AcL lnclude a speclal provlslon
Lo ensure LhaL noLwlLhsLandlng all oLher provlslons of
Lhe leglslaLlon noLhlng ln Lhe acL should prevenL or
dlscourage Lhe secure and reasonable dlsclosure of
personal healLh lnformaLlon beLween cusLodlans and
oLher servlce provlders where Lhe besL lnLeresLs of Lhe
chlld wlll be served by such dlsclosure.
We repeaL Lhese concerns. new 8runswlck parenLs and youLh
have never come Lo Lhe AdvocaLe wlLh a complalnL LhaL
governmenL has Lrampled all over Lhelr prlvacy, buL Lhey have
repeaLedly asked us why governmenL agencles cannoL work
LogeLher for Lhe beneflL of Lhe chlld. We have noL falled Lo meeL a
reasonable expecLaLlon of prlvacy buL we are falllng dally Lo meeL
n 8
comes Lo coordlnaLed and lnLegraLed servlce dellvery Lo chlldren,
parLlcularly Lhose wlLh complex needs.

ln 2009 Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe publlshed
[olnLly wlLh oLher Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLes and rlvacy
Commlssloners Cfflces ln Canada a reporL enLlLled 1bete Ooqbt 1o
8e o low. 1hls reporL focused on Lhe sexual and commerclal
explolLaLlon of chlldren onllne. We dld so Lo ralse concern over

commerclal galn ln a varleLy of ways. We were also alarmed aL Lhe
raLe of growLh and spread of chlld pornography maLerlals onllne

spread of Lhls crlmlnal acLlvlLy. We have noL seen any slgnlflcanL
progress ln Lerms of Lhe commerclal explolLaLlon of chlldren, and
whlle new leglslaLlon has been developed Lo faclllLaLe law
enforcemenL ln relaLlon Lo chlld pornography, Lhe gap beLween
law enforcemenL and Lhe exLenL of crlmlnal acLlvlLy ln Lhls area
has only wldened and deepened.

ln our vlew Lhe consumpLlon and prollferaLlon of chlld
pornography ls a soclal malalse LhaL needs Lo be confronLed
Lhrough concerLed publlc educaLlon efforLs ln schools,
communlLles and households unLll lL ls compleLely eradlcaLed.
Cver Lhe nexL year Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe wlll
redouble lLs efforLs Lo supporL publlc safeLy programs ln law
enforcemenL and publlc educaLlon Lo confronL Lhls crlmlnal
acLlvlLy.

ln Lhe daLa avallable ln Lhe lramework we noLe LhaL 40 of new
8runswlck youLh ln grades 6 Lo 12 reporL spendlng less Lhan Lwo
hours per day ln sedenLary acLlvlLy and Lhese are ldenLlfled as
(waLchlng 1v/movles, vldeo games, compuLer Llme, messaglng or
Lalklng on Lhe phone). We can reporL from LhaL basls LhaL 60 of
our youLh are spendlng more Lhan Lwo hours per day on screens
of varlous sorLs. 1hree years prlor, earller survey resulLs suggesLed
LhaL only 33 of youLh engaged ln more Lhan Lwo hours of screen
Llme on a dally basls. 1he 7 lncrease ln screen Llme usage polnLs
noL only Lo a deepenlng problem buL also Lo a slgnlflcanL raLe of
change. 1hls Lrend ls concernlng glven Lhe sedenLary naLure of Lhls
acLlvlLy, lLs passlve naLure ln many cases and Lhe oLher healLh
concerns Lo whlch some screen usages may glve rlse. ln our vlew
Lhls lssue should be probed and reporLed upon more
comprehenslvely so LhaL we measure noL only sedenLary
acLlvlLles, buL LhaL we speclfy screen Llme usage Lo geL a compleLe
read of how much Llme youLh are before a screen ln LoLal and for
each Lype of medla. new research on braln developmenL and
oLher research llnklng cancer and wlreless Lechnologles requlre
LhaL we make careful efforLs Lo monlLor and record Lhls daLa
parLlcularly for younger chlldren.

* * *

oJootes.

52 uolteJ Notloos nomoo klqbts commlttee, Ceoetol commeot No. 16, 1988,
nkl/CN/1/kev.8, poto. 7, p. 182.

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=9#<3%4:%P!5%@6%A-!/#(!-0%2(!@-?42%@!.94!-0%2(!
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D(-2A3%!+^!-!G0%!52:0-!-#!DAA%@@!
U9/#(&.-2#9!
5totes lottles tecoqolze tbe lmpottoot fooctloo
petfotmeJ by tbe moss meJlo ooJ sboll eosote
tbot tbe cbllJ bos occess to lofotmotloo ooJ
motetlol ftom o Jlvetslty of ootloool ooJ
lotetootloool sootces, especlolly tbose olmeJ ot
tbe ptomotloo of bls ot bet soclol, spltltool ooJ
motol well-beloq ooJ pbyslcol ooJ meotol
beoltb. 1o tbls eoJ, 5totes lottles sboll.

(o) ocootoqe tbe moss meJlo to Jlssemloote
lofotmotloo ooJ motetlol of soclol ooJ coltotol
beoeflt to tbe cbllJ ooJ lo occotJooce wltb tbe
spltlt of ottlcle 29,

(b) ocootoqe lotetootloool coopetotloo lo tbe
ptoJoctloo, excbooqe ooJ Jlssemlootloo of socb
lofotmotloo ooJ motetlol ftom o Jlvetslty of
coltotol, ootloool ooJ lotetootloool sootces,

(c) ocootoqe tbe ptoJoctloo ooJ Jlssemlootloo of

(J) ocootoqe tbe moss meJlo to bove pottlcolot
teqotJ to tbe lloqolstlc oeeJs of tbe cbllJ wbo
belooqs to o mlootlty qtoop ot wbo ls
loJlqeooos,
!
ce) ocootoqe tbe Jevelopmeot of opptoptlote
qolJelloes fot tbe ptotectloo of tbe cbllJ ftom
lofotmotloo ooJ motetlol lojotloos to bls ot bet
well-beloq, beotloq lo mloJ tbe ptovlsloos of
ottlcles 1J ooJ 18.!
!
1he rlghL Lo access lnformaLlon ls ln many ways a prerequlslLe Lo
Lhe rlghLs found ln ArLlcle 12 (Lhe rlghL Lo express vlews and have
Lhem accorded due welghL) and ArLlcle 13 (freedom of
expresslon) of Lhe cooveotloo. 1he ablllLy Lo access lnformaLlon ls
essenLlal Lo Lhe ablllLy Lo fashlon lnformed vlews and Lo
expresslon. 1he rlghLs ln ArLlcle 17 are also very closely relaLed Lo
Lhose ln ArLlcle 31, parLlcularly Lhe rlghL Lo parLlclpaLlon ln culLure
and Lhe arLs.

1he CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld has spoken of Lhe
necesslLy for youLh Lo be able Lo engage wlLh medla, Lo
parLlclpaLe acLlvely raLher Lhan slmply consume passlvely.
33
lL has
k
and Lhelr funcLlonlng should be lmparLed ln schools aL all levels.
SLudenLs should be enabled Lo relaLe Lo and use Lhe medla ln a
parLlclpaLory manner, as well as Lo learn how Lo decode medla

34

Access Lo medla ls of parLlcular lmporLance Lo cerLaln
dlsadvanLaged groups of chlldren and youLh. lndlgenous chlldren
and youLh and oLher mlnorlLles requlre access Lo medla LhaL
promoLes Lhelr ldenLlLy and lncluslon.
33
Access Lo medla for youLh
ln lnsLlLuLlonal seLLlngs such as group homes and Lhe new
8runswlck ?ouLh CenLre requlres speclal aLLenLlon.

lL should be noLed LhaL Lhe rlghL Lo access medla ls a hollow rlghL
lf lL ls noL embraced by chlldren and youLh. A dlscouraglng slgn ls
LhaL Lhe new 8runswlck Crade 12 LxlL Survey reporLed LhaL
roughly 70 of hlgh school graduaLes rarely or never used a publlc
or school llbrary. Moreover, only 21 reporLed LhaL Lhey accessed
news medla on a regular basls. 1hese numbers polnL Lo Lhe need
for beLLer promoLlon of Lhe rlghL Lo access lnformaLlon. 1hls rlghL
goes hand-ln-hand wlLh Lhe alms of educaLlon found ln ArLlcle 29.
lL ls also a rlghL LhaL demands parenLal promoLlon.

* * *

oJootes.

5J commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, kepott oo tbe fotty-tbltJ sessloo,
5 u C u 1 k c
n k c k
c k 1 c M
Iooooty 1996, ckc/c/50, Aooex l\, p. 81.
54 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, kepott oo tbe 1bltteeotb 5essloo,
5eptembet/Octobet 1996, ckc/c/57, poto 242.
55 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Ceoetol commeot No. 7, 2005,
ckc/c/Cc/7/kev.1, ot poto. J5.
!
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=9#<N!(%.(N!.94!.'#$%!.33!%932:0-%9P!G#!4%&.94!
-0.-!#-0%(@!@0#?34!6(#$24%!Q#?!<2-0!-%W-'##=!
.9@<%(@!2@!32=%!.@=29:!.!@-(.9:%!<#&.9!-#!:2$%!
'2(-0!-#!Q#?(!'.'QP!G0%(%!.(%!29@2:0-@!-0.-!A.9!
'%!'#(9!#93Q!#/!Q#?(!#<9!6.29N!.94!-0%Q!.(%!-0%!
&#@-!6(%A2#?@P!,%%=!29!Q#?(!A0234!-0%!
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1. 5totes lottles sboll ose tbelt best effotts to
eosote tecoqoltloo of tbe ptloclple tbot botb
poteots bove commoo tespooslbllltles fot tbe
opbtloqloq ooJ Jevelopmeot of tbe cbllJ.
loteots ot, os tbe cose moy be, leqol qootJloos,
bove tbe ptlmoty tespooslblllty fot tbe
opbtloqloq ooJ Jevelopmeot of tbe cbllJ. 1be
best lotetests of tbe cbllJ wlll be tbelt boslc
cooceto.

2. lot tbe potpose of qootooteeloq ooJ ptomotloq
tbe tlqbts set fottb lo tbe pteseot cooveotloo,
5totes lottles sboll teoJet opptoptlote
osslstooce to poteots ooJ leqol qootJloos lo tbe
petfotmooce of tbelt cbllJ-teotloq
tespooslbllltles ooJ sboll eosote tbe
Jevelopmeot of lostltotloos, focllltles ooJ
setvlces fot tbe cote of cbllJteo.

J. 5totes lottles sboll toke oll opptoptlote
meosotes to eosote tbot cbllJteo of wotkloq
poteots bove tbe tlqbt to beoeflt ftom cbllJ-
cote setvlces ooJ focllltles fot wblcb tbey ote
ellqlble.

ArLlcle 18 emphaslzes LhaL parenLs have Lhe prlmary responslblllLy
for Lhe upbrlnglng of chlldren. ArLlcle 3 of Lhe cooveotloo
36
sLresses Lhe facL LhaL governmenL musL respecL Lhe role of
parenLs or oLher legal guardlans. LxLended famlly may also play
an lmporLanL role. ArLlcle 18 goes hand-ln-hand wlLh ArLlcle 3 Lo
esLabllsh Lhe relaLlonshlp beLween governmenL and parenLs wlLh
regard Lo upholdlng Lhe rlghLs of chlldren and youLh. As a safeLy
neL, we as a socleLy recognlze LhaL lf parenLs or exLended famlly
cannoL fulflll Lhelr responslblllLles, governmenL wlll assume Lhose
duLles, buL only as a lasL resorL. lL ls lmporLanL Lo recognlze ln Lhls
regard LhaL 648 chlldren and youLh were ln Lhe permanenL care of
Lhe MlnlsLer of Soclal uevelopmenL lasL year. lor Lhese chlldren
and youLh, Lhe governmenL ls Lhelr parenL, and as such has a
welghLy obllgaLlon. 1hese chlldren and youLh deserve speclal
aLLenLlon and dlllgenL guldance and supporL ln Lhelr upbrlnglng
and developmenL.

n A
prlmary role ls Lo supporL, advlse and educaLe parenLs (or legal
guardlans) ln Lhelr duLles, whlle ensurlng LhaL condlLlons exlsL
whlch are necessary Lo allow parenLs Lo fulflll Lhese obllgaLlons.
1o LhaL end, Lhe CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld has noLed
LhaL Leenage parenLs are parLlcularly ln need of governmenL
supporL.
37
1he CommlLLee has also encouraged Lhe cooperaLlon
beLween governmenL, Lhe for-proflL secLor and Lhe noL-for-proflL
secLor ln esLabllshlng supporLs, wlLh a parLlcular focus on
communlLy-based programs.

1he Ceneral CommenLs of Lhe CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe
Chlld on ArLlcle 18 sLresses Lhe lmporLanL relaLlonshlp beLween
ArLlcle 18 and ArLlcle 31:

lnsufflclenL aLLenLlon has been glven Lo Lhe
lmplemenLaLlon of arLlcle 31, guaranLeelng Lhe
rlghL of chlldren Lo resL, lelsure and play.

1hrough play, chlldren en[oy and exLend Lhelr
capaclLles, yeL Lhere ls ofLen a shorLage of
opporLunlLles, parLlcularly ln urban envlronmenLs,
for young chlldren Lo meeL and lnLeracL ln chlld-
cenLred, secure, supporLlve, sLlmulaLlng and sLress
-free envlronmenLs.

ueslgn of houslng, lndusLry and LransporL, nolse,
polluLlon and safeLy hazards are ofLen obsLacles,

Lhelr excesslve domesLlc chores or by compeLlLlve
schoollng.

SLaLes are encouraged Lo pay greaLer aLLenLlon
and allocaLe adequaLe resources Lo Lhls rlghL.
38

ln order Lo besL ald new 8runswlck famllles, governmenL musL
have a facL-based plcLure of famlly slLuaLlons, prlmarlly wlLh
respecL Lo economlc means. ln Lhe daLa for 2011 we see LhaL
roughly 16.3 of new 8runswlck chlldren are llvlng ln a slngle
parenL famlly. 1hls raLe ls conslsLenL wlLh Lhe Canadlan average.
We would also hope Lo Lrack ln fuLure reporLs Lhe number of
chlldren llvlng ln reconsLlLuLed famllles and whaL Lhe average
paLLern of vlslLaLlon or [olnL cusLody ls for chlldren whose parenLs
have dlvorced or separaLed and who share cusLody. We are also
worklng Lhls fall wlLh communlLy organlzaLlons and lnLeresLed
publlc agencles ln deLermlnlng whaL Lhe besL plan ls ln new
8runswlck Lo lmprove Lhe condlLlons of supervlsed access cenLres.
As menLloned above lL ls an lmporLanL conslderaLlon ln Lhe
plannlng and deslgn of such servlces and faclllLles LhaL careful

quallLy Llme wlLh a non-cusLodlal parenL can opLlmally be
achleved ln a supervlsed access cenLre.

arLlcularly relevanL ln our vlew as an lndlcaLor of Lhe
effecLlveness of our roles as parenLs under ArLlcle 18 of Lhe
cooveotloo ls Lhe daLa avallable ln our lramework ln relaLlon Lo
arenLal PealLh 8ehavlours. ln Lhls respecL we are encouraged Lo
noLe LhaL 90 of parenLs of chlldren ln grades k Lo 3 reporL LhaL
Lhey spend less Lhan 2 hours per day ln fronL of a screen. lL ls,
Lhough, dlscouraglng Lo noLe LhaL barely half of Lhose parenLs say
LhaL Lhey dld noL consume sweeLened or non-nuLrlLlous
beverages Lhe day before or are very physlcally acLlve aL leasL
Lhree Llmes a week. 1he lramework furLhermore shows LhaL 33
of parenLs aLe aL a fasL food resLauranL durlng Lhe survey week.
Also dlsLurblng ls LhaL new 8runswlck adulLs ranked as Lhe worsL
ln Canada for Lhe amounL of Lelevlslon waLched per week. More
lnfluenLlal Lhan anyLhlng we can say ls Lhe example we seL for our
A
Lo do wlLh whaL we do Lhan wlLh whaL we say.

* * *
oJootes.

56 Attlcle 5. 5totes lottles sboll tespect tbe tespooslbllltles, tlqbts ooJ
Jotles of poteots ot, wbete oppllcoble, tbe membets of tbe exteoJeJ
fomlly ot commoolty os ptovlJeJ fot by locol costom, leqol qootJloos
ot otbet petsoos leqolly tespooslble fot tbe cbllJ, to ptovlJe, lo o
moooet cooslsteot wltb tbe evolvloq copocltles of tbe cbllJ,
opptoptlote Jltectloo ooJ qolJooce lo tbe exetclse by tbe cbllJ of tbe
tlqbts tecoqolzeJ lo tbe pteseot cooveotloo.
57 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Ceoetol commeot No. 7,
l c k c ckccCck
58 lblJ.


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1.5totes lottles sboll toke oll opptoptlote leqlslotlve,
oJmlolsttotlve, soclol ooJ eJocotloool meosotes
to ptotect tbe cbllJ ftom oll fotms of pbyslcol ot
meotol vloleoce, lojoty ot obose, oeqlect ot
oeqllqeot tteotmeot, moltteotmeot ot
exploltotloo, locloJloq sexool obose, wblle lo tbe
cote of poteot(s), leqol qootJloo(s) ot ooy otbet
petsoo wbo bos tbe cote of tbe cbllJ.

2. 5ocb ptotectlve meosotes sboolJ, os opptoptlote,
locloJe effectlve ptoceJotes fot tbe
estobllsbmeot of soclol ptoqtommes to ptovlJe
oecessoty soppott fot tbe cbllJ ooJ fot tbose wbo
bove tbe cote of tbe cbllJ, os well os fot otbet
fotms of pteveotloo ooJ fot lJeotlflcotloo,
tepottloq, tefettol, lovestlqotloo, tteotmeot ooJ
follow-op of lostooces of cbllJ moltteotmeot
JesctlbeJ betetofote, ooJ, os opptoptlote, fot
joJlclol lovolvemeot.

1 C 8
chlld labour pracLlces, wlLh [uvenlle dellnquenLs laws and wlLh

orphans and vlcLlms of abuse. 1he drafLers of Lhe cooveotloo oo
tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ
rlghL Lo be proLecLed from vlolence ln[ury and neglecL. 1he
commlLmenL among cooveotloo parLles Lo eradlcaLlng abuse and
neglecL ls reflecLed ln Lhe absence of reservaLlons Lo Lhls arLlcle.
39

A conLenLlous lssue ln Canada as a whole ls LhaL of corporal
punlshmenL of chlldren. 1he CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld
lnLerpreLs Lhe cooveotloo as obllgaLlng all parLles Lo lL Lo prohlblL
all corporal punlshmenL.
60
1 C
A
and lnLended Lo cause some degree of paln or dlscomforL,

61
1
1 C
cooveotloo are obllgaLed Lo work Lowards Lhe ellmlnaLlon of
Lolerance for corporal punlshmenL ln schools, ln homes, and ln
1 C
sLraLegy for reduclng and prevenLlng all forms of vlolence ln
62

1hlrLy-one sLaLes presenLly have banned all forms of corporal
punlshmenL agalnsL chlldren.
63
Canada ls noL yeL on LhaL llsL.
under Canadlan law, SecLlon 43 of Lhe ctlmlool coJe [usLlfles Lhe
reasonable use of force by way of correcLlon by parenLs and
Leachers agalnsL chlldren ln Lhelr care. ln 2004, Lhe Supreme
CourL of Canada upheld Lhe ctlmlool coJe defense ln Lhe face of a
challenge under SecLlon 7 of Lhe cbottet of klqbts ooJ lteeJoms,
buL Lhe CourL dld provlde some llmlLaLlons. lor example, corporal

noL uphold such force for chlldren under Lhe age of Lwo or over
Lhe age of Lwelve.
66
ln lLs 1993 commenLs on Canada, Lhe CommlLLee recommended

67
ln 2003, whlle commendlng Canada on lLs
promoLlon of healLhy parenLlng, Lhe CommlLLee sLaLed LhaL lL was
C
expllclLly prohlblLlng all forms of corporal punlshmenL.
68
Crlmlnal
law ln Canada ls under federal [urlsdlcLlon, buL all provlnces and
LerrlLorles, lncludlng new 8runswlck, can do more Lo educaLe lLs
populaLlons on Lhe dangers of corporal punlshmenL of chlldren.

1here ls far more we can do for our chlldren and youLh Lo proLecL
Lhem from harm. lor example, Lhe CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of
Lhe Chlld has called for parLles Lo Lhe cooveotloo Lo provlde daLa
on youLh sulclde. lL has sLaLed LhaL Lhls daLa should be
dlsaggregaLed, lncludlng lndlcaLors such as age, gender, urban/
rural locaLlon, mlnorlLy or lndlgenous sLaLus, eLhnlclLy, rellglon
and dlsablllLy.
69
Canada can do Lhls. ln our rovlnce, alLhough one
youLh sulclde ls Loo many, Lhe numbers have been low compared
Lo Canadlan averages. lL ls noL posslble Lo come Lo broad
concluslons ln new 8runswlck, buL lL ls lmperaLlve LhaL we Lry Lo
undersLand Lhe facLors LhaL have led our young people Lo Lake
1 n 8 C
reporL shows LhaL Lhere were flve youLh sulcldes ln LhaL year. lour
were boys and one was a glrl, all were sulcldes by hanglng. We
need Lo do beLLer aL learnlng who Lhese youLhs were and we need
Lo know Lhelr sLorles. Cnly Lhen can we hope Lo know how Lo
prevenL oLhers from Laklng Lhe same Lraglc paLh.

* * *

LndoLes:

59 lteemoo, Mlcboel. commeototy oo tbe uolteJ Notloos cooveotloo oo tbe
Nljboff lobllsbets, lelJeo, tbe NetbetlooJs, 2007, p 70.
c/Cc.uN commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ (ckc), ckc Ceoetol
commeot No. 8 (2006). 1be klqbt of tbe cbllJ to ltotectloo ftom cotpotol
loolsbmeot ooJ Otbet ctoel ot ueqtoJloq lotms of loolsbmeot (Atts. 19,
28, loto. 2, ooJ J7, lotet ollo), 2 Motcb 2007, ckc/c/Cc/8. Avolloble
oolloe ot. bttp.//www.oobct.otq/tefwotlJ/JoclJ/460bc7772.btml
61 coocloJloq Obsetvotloos of tbe commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ,
uolteJ kloqJom ckc/c/15/AJJ.188, 09/10/2002, potos. J6 to J8
62 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ (ckc), ckc Ceoetol commeot No. 8
(2006). 1be klqbt of tbe cbllJ to ltotectloo ftom cotpotol loolsbmeot ooJ
Otbet ctoel ot ueqtoJloq lotms of loolsbmeot (Atts. 19, 28, loto. 2, ooJ
J7, lotet ollo), 2 Motcb 2007, ckc/c/Cc/8. Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//
www.oobct.otq/tefwotlJ/JoclJ/460bc7772.btml
65 1be Clobol loltlotlve to oJ All cotpotol loolsbmeot of cbllJteo, wblcb
ptovlJes tepotts oo tbe leqol stotos of cotpotol poolsbmeot. Avolloble
oolloe ot. www.eoJcotpotolpoolsbmeot.otq.
66 coooJloo loooJotloo fot cbllJteo, ootb ooJ tbe low v. coooJo (Attotoey
Ceoetol), j2004] 5.c.I. No. 6.
67 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, ckc/c/15/AJJ.J7, 20 Iooe 1995,
potos. 14 ooJ 25.
68 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ ckc/c/15/AJJ.215, 27 Octobet 200J,
potos 4, 5, J2, JJ ooJ 45(J)
69 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Ceoetol ColJelloes teqotJloq tbe
fotm ooJ cooteot of petloJlc tepotts to be sobmltteJ by 5totes lottles
ooJet ottlcle 44, potoqtopb 1(b), of tbe cooveotloo. AJopteJ by tbe
commlttee ot lts tbltty-olotb sessloo oo J Iooe 2005.

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eojoy o foll ooJ Jeceot llfe, lo cooJltloos wblcb
eosote Jlqolty, ptomote self-tellooce ooJ
focllltote tbe cbllJ's octlve pottlclpotloo lo tbe
commoolty.

kecoqolzloq tbe speclol oeeJs of o JlsobleJ cbllJ,

wbeoevet posslble, tokloq loto occooot tbe
floooclol tesootces of tbe poteots ot otbets cotloq
fot tbe cbllJ, ooJ sboll be JeslqoeJ to eosote tbot
tbe JlsobleJ cbllJ bos effectlve occess to ooJ
tecelves eJocotloo, ttololoq, beoltb cote setvlces,
tebobllltotloo setvlces, ptepototloo fot
employmeot ooJ tecteotloo oppottooltles lo o
moooet cooJoclve to tbe cbllJ's ocblevloq tbe
follest posslble soclol loteqtotloo ooJ loJlvlJool
Jevelopmeot, locloJloq bls ot bet coltotol ooJ
spltltool Jevelopmeot.
!
!
1he un CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld has esLlmaLed LhaL
Lhere are approxlmaLely 130 mllllon chlldren wlLh dlsablllLles ln
Lhe world.

1
deflnlLlon of Lhe Lerm should Lherefore be avolded. Powever, lL
can safely be sLaLed LhaL persons wlLh dlsablllLles lnclude Lhose
who have long-Lerm physlcal, menLal, lnLellecLual or sensory
lmpalrmenLs LhaL lmpede Lhelr full parLlclpaLlon ln socleLy.

ArLlcle 2 of Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ provldes LhaL
all of Lhe rlghLs ln Lhe cooveotloo musL be respecLed and ensured
wlLhouL dlscrlmlnaLlon. ArLlcle 23 delves more deeply lnLo Lhe
rlghLs of chlldren wlLh dlsablllLles. lmplemenLaLlon of Lhe rlghLs ln
ArLlcle 23 (and ln facL all ArLlcles) of Lhe cooveotloo musL alm Lo
allow for Lhe maxlmum posslble lncluslon of chlldren and youLh
wlLh dlsablllLles. Soclal lnLegraLlon fosLers personal developmenL.

Chlldren wlLh dlsablllLles face an added dlmenslon of vulnerablllLy
and lL ls Lherefore all Lhe more lmporLanL LhaL Lhelr volces be
heard and Lhelr parLlclpaLlon soughL ln all declslons affecLlng
1 C ? A C
ensure LhaL Lhls occurs, buL lL ls necessary for all governmenL
deparLmenLs Lo glve speclal aLLenLlon Lo Lhe vlews of youLh wlLh
dlsablllLles.

1 S C 8
relevanL Lo chlldren and youLh wlLh dlsablllLles, who face added
challenges for effecLlve access wlLhouL dlscrlmlnaLlon Lo
opporLunlLles for recreaLlon and play as well as for culLural
acLlvlLles.

new 8runswlck conLlnues Lo make greaL sLrldes Lowards lncluslve
approaches ln Lhe healLh, houslng and soclal servlce needs of
dlsabled chlldren and youLh. Cur provlnce ls also commlLLed Lo
lncluslve educaLlon. lor chlldren and youLh wlLh dlsablllLles, Lhe
educaLlonal sysLem provldes Lhe greaLesL opporLunlLy for
lnLegraLlon. lncluslve educaLlon ls a necessary goal Lo provlde Lhe
clrcumsLances requlred for Lhe greaLesL posslble developmenL of
physlcal and menLal ablllLy, as well as Lhe flourlshlng of
personallLy. 1he un cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of letsoos wltb
ulsobllltles (Lo whlch Canada ls a parLy), obllgaLes governmenLs Lo
provlde lncluslve educaLlon. We should be proud of Lhe facL LhaL
new 8runswlck has commlLLed Lo provldlng for Lhe fullesL posslble
lncluslon of chlldren and youLh wlLh dlsablllLles ln our educaLlonal
sysLem.

Powever, an area of concern for Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh
AdvocaLe ls Lhe apparenL deflclL of effecLlve mechanlsms Lo glve
volce Lo Lhe concerns of sLudenLs wlLh dlsablllLles and dlverse
learnlng needs and Lhelr parenLs. We feel LhaL greaLer efforL
should be Laken Lo ensure LhaL parenLs are aware of Lhelr rlghLs ln
Lhe declslon-maklng process lnvolvlng Lhe placemenL of Lhelr
chlldren ln Lhe educaLlon sysLem.

lurLhermore, complalnLs Lo our Cfflce lnform our vlew LhaL whlle
u l L
arLlculaLed pollcy lnsLrumenL, lL ls poorly undersLood and ls
perhaps more ofLen observed ln breach Lhan ln pracLlce. We
belleve LhaL susLalned efforLs are requlred Lo change Lhe culLure
of our educaLlonal sysLem from one whlch defaulLs Lo caLerlng Lo
Lhe needs of Lhe base average, Lo one whlch ls rlgorously orlenLed
Lo Lhe pursulL of excellence and achlevlng Lhe besL educaLlonal
ouLcomes for evety
needs and excepLlonallLles. MalnsLreamlng every dlsabled chlld
lnLo Lhe regular classroom wlLhouL adequaLe supporLs ls noL
lncluslve educaLlon and may ofLen resulL ln dlsadvanLage Lo all
learners. 1hese approaches may glve Lhe appearance of achlevlng
laudable soclal ouLcomes whlle conLalnlng cosLs. 8uL Lhe numbers
of sLudenLs lnLegraLed ln Lhls manner ls noL an approprlaLe
performance measure and Lhe cosL conLalnmenL achleved ls ofLen
lllusory. lL ls all Loo ofLen a case of shorL Lerm galn resulLlng ln long
Lerm problems.

Cur experlence leads us Lo suggesL LhaL some alLernaLlve learnlng
slLes are hlghly beneflclal ln meeLlng lmproved educaLlonal
ouLcomes, keeplng young people engaged ln formal educaLlonal
processes and reduclng Lhe rlsks assoclaLed wlLh school leavlng,
such as addlcLlons, unemploymenL or confllcL wlLh Lhe law. An
lncluslve educaLlon pollcy ln our vlew ls one whlch allows and
promoLes Lhese programs where necessary as a progresslve sLep
Lowards relnLegraLlon, buL one whlch also guards agalnsL Lhelr
abuse. 1oo ofLen ln Lhe pasL Lhese programs may have been used
lnapproprlaLely by school offlclals Lo place a pupll ln a segregaLed

have been beLLer served by furLher efforLs belng expended Lo
accommodaLe Lhe chlld ln Lhe classroom. Moreover, we have also

learnlng slLe may have hampered or placed roadblocks ln Lhe way
of Lhelr successful relnLegraLlon lnLo malnsLream educaLlonal
programs. 1hose ouLcomes musL also be sLrenuously avolded.

Cur Cfflce ls encouraged LhaL Lhe lnLegraLed Servlce uellvery
lramework ls now belng demonsLraLed ln CharloLLe CounLy and
Lhe Acadlan penlnsula. 8uL Lhe roll-ouL of Lhls program Lo oLher
parLs of Lhe provlnce ls already overdue. All chlldren wlLh
dlsablllLles deserve an opporLunlLy Lo be followed by a conLlnuous
lnLegraLed care Leam LhroughouL Lhelr schoollng. We also need Lo
move forward more qulckly wlLh Lhe lnLegraLlon of chlld
lnformaLlon managemenL and we hope LhaL Cne aLlenL Cne
8ecord (CC8) wlll be lmplemenLed ln a prlorlLy fashlon Lo
newborns ln new 8runswlck. llnally we are also awalLlng
SLaylng ConnecLed reporL whlch
broughL forward recommendaLlons as Lo how and where Lhe
C L
should be esLabllshed.

lL ls concernlng Lo noLe from Lhe daLa ln Lhe 2011 lramework LhaL
82.6 of new 8runswlck youLh 12 Lo 19 years of age reporL a
funcLlonal healLh of good Lo full, compared Lo a Canadlan average
of almosL 83. Moreover, of Lhls same group ln new 8runswlck
only 71 see Lhelr menLal healLh as belng very good or excellenL,
whlch ls more Lhan 3 below Lhe Canadlan average and leaves
new 8runswlck 10
Lh
ouL of 13 [urlsdlcLlons ln Canada on Lhls
measure. Cur raLe of hosplLal admlsslons for Chlldhood and
Learnlng ulsorders ls 7.11 per 10,000 whlch ls more Lhan Lhree
Llmes Lhe naLlonal average. ln facL almosL every measure of
menLal healLh well-belng suggesLs hosplLallzaLlon raLes ln new
8runswlck LhaL are Lwo Lo Lhree Llmes hlgher Lhan Lhe naLlonal
average for chlldren 0 Lo 18 years of age.

When we comblne Lhls daLa wlLh oLher recenL new 8runswlck
PealLh Councll reporLs our concern ls only magnlfled. lor lnsLance
whlle we have a hlgher Lhan average lnvesLmenL ln healLh care ln
new 8runswlck ln almosL all healLh flelds, ln menLal healLh our
cllnlclan Lo paLlenL raLlos are well below Canadlan averages,
speclflcally ln relaLlon Lo psychlaLrlsLs and psychologlsLs. When we
look furLher wlLhln Lhese scarce speclallzaLlons Chlld and
adolescenL menLal healLh servlces fare even more poorly. LasL
year when Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe was
supporLlng Lhe work of Lhe 1ask lorce on Lhe CenLre of Lxcellence
for chlldren wlLh complex needs, we ralsed concern over Lhe 3
year walLlng llsL for access Lo auLlsm lnLervenLlon servlces aL our
provlnclal LreaLmenL faclllLy wlLhln Lhe SLan Cassldy 8ehablllLaLlon
CenLre. 1hls fall Lhe walLlng llsL has grown Lo beLween four and
four and a half years ln average cases.

lL ls noL alarmlsL Lo say LhaL we are ln Lhe mldsL of a menLal healLh
care crlsls where young new 8runswlckers conLlnue Lo recelve Lhe
shorL end of Lhe sLlck. knowlng whaL we now know abouL Lhe
relaLlve lncldence of menLal healLh dlsorders ln new 8runswlck
and Lhe pauclLy of our healLh care lnvesLmenLs ln Lhls area, lL ls
lmperaLlve LhaL we Lake swlfL and effecLlve sLeps Lo lmprove Lhe
slLuaLlon. We have a moral and legal responslblllLy under ArLlcle
23 of Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ Lo redress Lhe
slLuaLlon for Lhese needy chlldren ln our communlLles. 1he MenLal
PealLh AcLlon lan, Lhe lnLegraLed Servlce uellvery Model, Lhe
CenLre of Lxcellence for Complex needs ?ouLh have already
ouLllned ln deLall Lhe way forward. uelaylng cllnlcal supporLs and
LreaLmenL for chlldren and famllles grappllng wlLh chlldhood
menLal healLh challenges, wheLher on Lhe auLlsm specLrum or
oLherwlse can have Lraglc and cosLly llfe-long lmpllcaLlons, for
lndlvlduals and socleLy. We have Lo acL now and expedlLe
lmplemenLaLlon of Lhe plans developed.

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5totes lottles tecoqolze tbe tlqbt of tbe cbllJ to tbe
eojoymeot of tbe blqbest ottolooble stooJotJ of
beoltb ooJ to focllltles fot tbe tteotmeot of llloess
ooJ tebobllltotloo of beoltb. 5totes lottles sboll
sttlve to eosote tbot oo cbllJ ls JeptlveJ of bls ot
bet tlqbt of occess to socb beoltb cote setvlces

5 l
to eosote tbe ptovlsloo of oecessoty meJlcol
osslstooce ooJ beoltb cote to oll cbllJteo wltb
empbosls oo tbe Jevelopmeot of ptlmoty beoltb
cote,

!
1he un CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld frequenLly relLeraLes
LhaL none of Lhe rlghLs found ln Lhe cooveotloo are Lo be glven
greaLer welghL Lhan oLhers. neverLheless, from a pracLlcal
perspecLlve lL ls common Lo vlew Lhe rlghL Lo healLh as Lhe
essenLlal rlghL. lf Lhls rlghL ls denled, no oLher rlghLs maLLer.

ArLlcle 24 of Lhe cooveotloo on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld was wrlLLen
wlLh regard Lo prlnclples developed by Lhe World PealLh
C 1 C WPC 1
en[oymenL of Lhe hlghesL aLLalnable sLandard of healLh ls one of

70
lndeed, healLh ls
tbe essenLlal human concern, and lL ls lncluded ln several ma[or
lnLernaLlonal law lnsLrumenLs. 1he rlghL Lo healLh ln Lhe
cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ follows from Lhe general
rlghL of healLh for adulLs and chlldren allke found ln ArLlcle 12 of
Lhe coveooot oo cooomlc, 5oclol ooJ coltotol klqbts (and ln
oLher lnLernaLlonal law lnsLrumenLs such as Lhe uolvetsol
ueclototloo of nomoo klqbts). 1he parLlcular vulnerablllLy of
chlldren provldes added welghL Lo Lhe lmperaLlve naLure of Lhls
rlghL, and Lhe cooveotloo provldes a more comprehenslve
descrlpLlon of Lhe rlghL Lhan ln elLher Lhe lc5ck or Lhe uunk.

PealLh ls noL measured slmply by Lhe absence of dlsease or oLher
physlcal allmenLs, lL ls measured ln a more hollsLlc manner, Laklng
lnLo accounL noL only physlcal buL also menLal well-belng. 1he
rlghL Lo Lhe hlghesL aLLalnable sLandard of healLh found ln ArLlcle
24 ls a programmaLlc rlghL. CovernmenL acLlon ls requlred ln
order Lo achleve fulflllmenL of programmaLlc rlghLs, as opposed Lo
oLher rlghLs whlch requlre only non-lnLerference by governmenL.
ArLlcle 24 requlres LhaL governmenLs provlde supporL LhaL allows
for a cerLaln mlnlmum level of programs and servlces. Powever,
whlle ArLlcle 24 obllgaLes governmenL Lo adopL measures almed
aL ensurlng chlldren and youLh Lhe hlghesL sLandard of healLh
aLLalnable, lL ls also an lnsplraLlonal rlghL, requlrlng consLanL
sLrlvlng for lmprovemenL. lLs fulflllmenL ls Lherefore dependenL
upon (and llmlLed by) Lhe resources of governmenL.

ArLlcle 24 ls one of only Lwo rlghLs ln Lhe cooveotloo LhaL refer Lo
progresslve reallzaLlon (Lhe oLher belng Lhe rlghL Lo educaLlon
found ln ArLlcle 28). 1he governmenL of new 8runswlck measures
lndlcaLors of Lhls rlghL more Lhan any of Lhe oLher rlghLs ln Lhe
cooveotloo. CovernmenL measures lLs progress ln Lhe conLlnual
provlslon of Lhls rlghL, by seLLlng benchmarks and measurlng
lndlcaLors and ouLcomes. Powever, Lhe rlghL Lo healLh ls a
complex rlghL, dependenL upon many soclo-economlc facLors. lor
chlldren and youLh, many of Lhe rlghLs ln Lhe cooveotloo are
underlylng deLermlnanLs of Lhe rlghL Lo healLh. lor example,
ArLlcle 6 (Lhe rlghL Lo maxlmum developmenL), ArLlcle 19
(proLecLlon from vlolence), ArLlcle 27 (rlghL Lo an adequaLe
sLandard of llvlng), ArLlcle 32 (proLecLlon ln chlld labour) and
ArLlcle 33 (proLecLlon from llllclL drugs) deLall some of Lhe rlghLs
LhaL affecL healLh. unquesLlonably, ArLlcle 31, Lhe rlghL Lo play,
recreaLlon, resL, lelsure and arLs and culLure, also has a profound
lmpacL upon Lhe healLh of chlldren and youLh. ArLlcle 31 lmpacLs
dlrecLly on Lhe levels of healLh of chlldren. lulflllmenL of Lhe
rlghLs found ln ArLlcle 31 leads Lo a very proacLlve (and cosL-
n 8
chlldren and youLh.

lnformaLlon on Lhe provlslon of healLh servlces and on healLh
sLaLus ls plenLlful. SLlll, Lhe meLhods of healLh daLa collecLlon and
analysls ln new 8runswlck musL conLlnually undergo reflnemenL
ln order Lo provlde declslon-makers and pollcy developers wlLh
Lhe besL lnformaLlon posslble. 8ellable and ob[ecLlve lndlcaLors
n 8
degree of compllance wlLh Lhe progresslve obllgaLlons under
ArLlcle 24. 1he work of Lhe new 8runswlck PealLh Councll has
been a ma[or drlver of lmprovemenL ln Lhe area of healLh daLa
collecLlon and analysls. 1he ueparLmenL of Wellness, CulLure and
SporL ls also maklng ma[or conLrlbuLlons Lo meeL Lhls challenge.

lnfanL and chlld morLallLy raLes, speclflcally menLloned ln ArLlcle
24, are perhaps Lhe mosL wldely-used lndlcaLor of Lhe soclal and
economlc developmenL of counLrles worldwlde. 1hese raLes are a
reflecLlon noL only of our publlc healLh pracLlces buL also of our
C n
8 1
for us as a rovlnce Lo celebraLe our successes. Powever, Lhey
can be lmproved. 1hese raLes are dlrecLly llnked Lo poverLy. 1he
healLh of our chlldren depends Lo a large degree on Lhe
socloeconomlc slLuaLlons of parenLs llvlng condlLlons and
nuLrlLlon are affecLed by lncome levels. 1hls ls especlally Lrue

ln 1993, Lhe un CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld expressed
concern abouL Lhe number of Leenage pregnancles ln Canada.
71

Powever, durlng Lhe followlng decade Lhe raLe dropped by an
asLoundlng 36.9.
72
1he raLe ln new 8runswlck also decllned
slgnlflcanLly durlng Lhls perlod. More recenLly, however, a
Lroubllng Lrend appears evldenL ln new 8runswlck, where Lhe
ueparLmenL of PealLh reporLed lncreases ln Lhe raLe of Leenage
pregnancles beLween 2003 and 2009 (Lhe mosL recenL year
reporLed).
73
1
and employmenL pursulLs. 1eenage moLhers are more llkely Lo
drop ouL of school, Lo llve ln poverLy and Lo be dependenL upon
soclal asslsLance. Whlle Lhese dlsadvanLages can reflecL
socloeconomlc condlLlons of Leenage moLhers prlor Lo pregnancy,
Leen pregnancy has been shown Lo conLrlbuLe Lo Lhe perpeLuaLlon
of Lhese condlLlons.
74
noL only are Leen parenLs aL hlgh rlsk of
dropplng ouL of school and faclng bleak economlc prospecLs, buL
Lhe chlldren of Lhese Leenagers are also.
73
lurLher, chlldren born
Lo Leenage moLhers have been found Lo be aL a hlgher rlsk of low
blrLh welghL and belng born pre-Lerm.
76
Whlle lL ls lmposslble Lo
accuraLely measure Lhe LoLal effecLs on chlldren of Leenage
moLhers, Lhey Lend Lo face economlc and developmenLal
challenges dlsproporLlonaLe Lo oLher chlldren.
77

new 8runswlck ls presenLly undergolng a prlmary healLh care
lnlLlaLlve LhaL seeks Lo brlng healLh care as close as posslble Lo
communlLles where our populaLlon llves. Access Lo famlly
physlclans and pracLlce Leams ls a cornersLone of Lhls lnlLlaLlve,
whlch seeks Lo lmprove noL only screenlng by medlcal
professlonals buL also healLh promoLlon and self-managemenL
supporLs for beLLer healLh. 1hls lnlLlaLlve was promoLed ln
Canada by Lhe Lalonde 8eporL
78
ln Lhe early 1970s, even before
Lhe lnLernaLlonal communlLy produced Lhe ueclaraLlon of Alma-
ALa on rlmary PealLh Care.
79
lL ls our hope LhaL rlmary PealLh
Care reform ln new 8runswlck wlll lmprove healLh care access noL
only for paLlenLs wlLh chronlc needs buL for chlldren and parenLs
of young famllles across Lhe provlnce. lrom Lhe rlmary PealLh
C A C u
concern LhaL:

1he hlghesL percenLage of paLlenLs wlLhouL a famlly
docLor seems Lo be chlldren and youLh, wlLh young
famllles appearlng Lo have Lhe mosL dlfflculLy accesslng
prlmary healLh care.
Chlldren and youLh are Lhe paLlenLs mosL llkely Lo be
seen ln afLer-hours cllnlcs.
lnfanLs under one accounL for 8, and chlldren under
flve accounL for 22 of all 1ele-Care calls.
Chlldren and youLh obLaln Lhe lowesL number of servlces
per physlclan vlslL.

1 C 8 W-belng lramework
polnLs Lo a number of ouLcomes whlch new 8runswlckers can
celebraLe as Lhe resulL of dedlcaLed pollcy lnlLlaLlves over Lhe pasL
few years. lor lnsLance we noLe LhaL 92.3 of new 8runswlck
youLh aged 12 Lo 19 years of age have a regular medlcal docLor,
an lndlcaLor ln whlch new 8runswlck now ranks second ln Canada
ln comparlson Lo Lhe naLlonal average of roughly 83. Cur lnfanL
morLallLy raLe ls also Lhe Lhlrd lowesL ln Canada. 1he SLudenL
Wellness Survey comparlson resulLs for youLh ln grades 6 Lo 12
shows LhaL beLween 2007 and 2010, Lhe number of youLhs who
had never smoked by grade 12 had lncreased from 46 Lo 60 of
Lhe sLudenL populaLlon. ln Lhe same perlod youLh exposed Lo
Lobacco smoke ln vehlcles had decreased by 6 and Lhe physlcal
acLlvlLy raLes wlLhln Lhls age group had lncreased from 31 Lo
40 (aL leasL 90 mlnuLes per day of moderaLe or hard physlcal
acLlvlLles).

AL Lhe same Llme we can also see areas of concern wlLhln Lhe
healLh lndlcaLors: such as Lhe facL LhaL new 8runswlck lnfanLs are
Lhe Lhlrd less llkely ln Canada Lo be excluslvely breasLfed aL 6
monLhs, and Lhe prevalence of asLhma among youLh was among
Lhe hlghesL ln Lhe counLry, parLlcularly among Aborlglnal youLh. ln
relaLlon Lo unhealLhy welghL daLa we are also concerned Lo noLe
LhaL whlle Lhe 2009-2010 survey daLa among youLh ln grades 6 Lo
12 suggesLed LhaL 23 of Lhese sLudenLs were overwelghL or
obese, Lhe more recenL 2010-2011 daLa from sLudenLs ln
klndergarLen Lo grade 3 lndlcaLes LhaL 36 of Lhese younger
puplls are overwelghL or obese.

Lxplorlng Lhe relaLlonshlp beLween Lhe lmplemenLaLlon of ArLlcle
31 of Lhe cooveotloo and Lhese healLh lndlcaLors ls a helpful
sLarLlng polnL ln lmprovlng well-belng among new 8runswlck
chlldren. lor lnsLance Lhe 2009-2010 SLudenL Wellness Survey
among youLh ln Crades 6 Lo 12 reporLs LhaL 73 of youLh
surveyed lndlcaLed LhaL Lhey dld noL have Lhe opporLunlLy Lo be
physlcally acLlve ln classes oLher Lhan physlcal educaLlon.
8equlrlng 10 or flfLeen mlnuLes of physlcal acLlvlLy aL Lhe sLarL of
every school day ln all classrooms could lead Lo slgnlflcanL
beneflLs. 1he survey also reporLs LhaL 87 of sLudenLs felL LhaL
lmporLance ls placed on compeLlLlve sporLs whereas only 73
lndlcaLed LhaL lmporLance was also placed on non-compeLlLlve
sporLs. ln facL 69 of sLudenLs lndlcaLed LhaL Lhelr school had
awards programs for compeLlLlve sporLs whereas only 41
lndlcaLed LhaL Lhere were awards recognlzlng sLudenL
parLlclpaLlon ln non-compeLlLlve sporLs. Pow would our physlcal
acLlvlLy ouLcomes lmprove lf we could reverse Lhls recognlLlon
process and Lhe percepLlon lL creaLes? Pow would LhaL same
pracLlce lmpacL pupll achlevemenL and lndlcaLors of school
connecLedness and saLlsfacLlon wlLh menLal flLness needs relaLed
Lo school? 1hese are quesLlons well worLh explorlng.

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oJootes.

70 lteomble to tbe coostltotloo of tbe wotlJ neoltb Otqoolzotloo os oJopteJ
by tbe lotetootloool neoltb coofeteoce, New otk, 19 Iooe - 22 Ioly 1946,
slqoeJ oo 22 Ioly 1946 by tbe tepteseototlves of 61 5totes (Offlclol kecotJs
of tbe wotlJ neoltb Otqoolzotloo, oo. 2, p. 100) ooJ eoteteJ loto fotce oo 7
Aptll 1948.
71 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ ckc/c/15/AJJ. J4, poto. 15 lo 1995.
8 2 c 1 8 A k
1 C M M A
www.tbeqlobeooJmoll.com/llfe/coooJos-teeo-blttb-ooJ-obottloo-tote-
Jtops-by-J69-pet-ceot/ottlcle158167J/
N 8 u n n l 5
2011 (tevlseJ). Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//www.qob.co/0051/pob/
pJf/2011/neoltbX20loJlcotots_1_1eeooqeX20pteqooocyX20loX
20N8_5ept2011-k.pJf
74 1etty-nomeo, llzobetb, Ieoolfet Moolove ooJ ktlstlo Moote. lloyloq
cotcb-up. now cbllJteo 8oto to 1eeo Motbets lote. wosbloqtoo, uc.
Notloool compolqo to lteveot 1eeo lteqooocy, 2005. Avolloble oolloe ot.
bttp.//www.tbeootlooolcompolqo.otq/tesootces/pJf/pobs/
lloyloqcotcbup.pJf
75 5ee, fot exomple. 1etty-nomeo, llzobetb, Ieoolfet Moolove ooJ ktlstlo
Moote. lloyloq cotcb-up. now cbllJteo 8oto to 1eeo Motbets lote.
wosbloqtoo, uc. Notloool compolqo to lteveot 1eeo lteqooocy, 2005.
Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//www.tbeootlooolcompolqo.otq/tesootces/pJf/
pobs/lloyloqcotcbup.pJf
76 lblJ.
77 lblJ.
C c A N l n c
l k -1974). Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//www.bc-
sc.qc.co/bcs-sss/com/feJ/lolooJe-eoq.pbp
79 ueclototloo of Almo-Ato, lotetootloool coofeteoce oo ltlmoty neoltb cote,
Almo-Ato, u55k, 6-12 5eptembet 1978. Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//
www.wbo.lot/bpt/Nln/Jocs/Jeclototloo_olmooto.pJf
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A3#-0%@N!<0%(%!/#(!A%9-?(2%@!-0%!(2A0%@-N!0.662%@-!
.94!3.L2%@-!0.$%!'%%9!A.33%4!6(29A%@P!>?-!-0%(%!2@!
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5totes lottles tecoqolze tbe tlqbt of evety cbllJ to o
stooJotJ of llvloq oJepoote fot tbe cbllJ's
pbyslcol, meotol, spltltool, motol ooJ soclol
Jevelopmeot.

5totes lottles, lo occotJooce wltb ootloool
cooJltloos ooJ wltblo tbelt meoos, sboll toke
opptoptlote meosotes to osslst poteots ooJ
otbets tespooslble fot tbe cbllJ to lmplemeot tbls
tlqbt ooJ sboll lo cose of oeeJ ptovlJe motetlol
osslstooce ooJ soppott ptoqtommes, pottlcolotly
wltb teqotJ to oottltloo, clotbloq ooJ boosloq.

Chlldren who grow up ln low-lncome famllles face greaLer

fuLure success. 1hey have been found Lo be more llkely Lo have
dlfflculLy ln educaLlon, experlence healLh problems, and have Lo
deal wlLh Lhe dlfflculLles of drug addlcLlon and Leen pregnancy.
80

Whlle parenLs have Lhe prlmary responslblllLy for fulflllmenL of
Lhls rlghL (as wlLh all of Lhe rlghLs ln Lhe cooveotloo), governmenL
ls obllgaLed Lo ensure Lhe safe and healLhy developmenL of
chlldren and youLh.
81
1hls obllgaLlon ls noL llmlLed Lo essenLlal
maLerlal supporL such as houslng, cloLhlng and food. 1he
CommlLLee on Lconomlc, Soclal and CulLural 8lghLs (whlch ls
mandaLed Lo lnLerpreL Lhe lotetootloool coveooot oo cooomlc
5oclol ooJ coltotol klqbts
82
, Lo whlch Canada ls a parLy) has
commenLed on mlnlmum core obllgaLlons of governmenL Lo fulflll
1 C A S
arLy ln whlch any slgnlflcanL number of lndlvlduals ls deprlved of
essenLlal foodsLuffs, of essenLlal prlmary healLh care, of baslc
shelLer and houslng, or even of Lhe mosL baslc forms of educaLlon
ls, ptlmo focle, falllng Lo dlscharge lLs obllgaLlons under Lhe
C
83
1hls commenL ls appllcable Lo ArLlcle 27 of Lhe
cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, lndeed Lhe CommlLLee on
Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld ofLen expresses lLs supporL for
lnLerpreLaLlons and commenLs of Lhe CommlLLee on Lconomlc,
Soclal and CulLural 8lghLs. 1he quesLlon of whaL consLlLuLes a

Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe would suggesL LhaL ooy
number of chlldren and youLhs belng deprlved of elemenLs
conLrlbuLlng Lo an adequaLe sLandard of llvlng ls Loo many.

l 8

ArLlcle 27 ls noL aLLalnable wlLhouL Lhe exlsLence of Lhe rlghLs
lncorporaLed ln ArLlcle 31 Lhe rlghLs Lo play, recreaLlon, resL,
lelsure and arLs and culLure.

Cne soclal economlc lndlcaLor whlch new 8runswlckers can
celebraLe ls Lhe raLe of 89 compllance wlLh famlly supporL
paymenLs. Whlle Lhls raLe polnLs sLlll Lo conslderable room for
lmprovemenL lL ls Lhe Lhlrd hlghesL compllance raLe among elghL
reporLlng [urlsdlcLlons ln Canada and ls a LesLlmony Lo concerLed
efforLs over several years Lo address a chronlc problem of non-
paymenL of famlly supporL. We should also be encouraged LhaL
only 16 of youLh 17 and under llve ln low-lncome famllles.
Powever we should also Lake effecLlve measures now Lo address
Lhe problems of food lnsecurlLy ln new 8runswlck households
wlLh chlldren under 19.

* * *

!
!

!
oJootes.

80 1etty-nomeo, llzobetb, Ieoolfet Moolove ooJ ktlstlo Moote. lloyloq
cotcb-up. now cbllJteo 8oto to 1eeo Motbets lote. wosbloqtoo, uc.
Notloool compolqo to lteveot 1eeo lteqooocy, 2005. Avolloble oolloe ot.
bttp.//www.tbeootlooolcompolqo.otq/tesootces/pJf/pobs/
lloyloqcotcbup.pJf
81 Nowok, MoofteJ. klqbt to llfe, 5otvlvol ooJ uevelopmeot. lelJeo, 1be
NetbetlooJs. Mottloos Nljboff lobllsbets, 2005. p 45.
82 uN Ceoetol Assembly, lotetootloool coveooot oo cooomlc, 5oclol ooJ
coltotol klqbts, 16 uecembet 1966, uolteJ Notloos, 1teoty 5etles, vol. 99J,
p. J. Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//www.oobct.otq/tefwotlJ/
JoclJ/Joe6bJ6c0.btml.
8J commlttee oo cooomlc, 5oclol ooJ coltotol klqbts, Ceoetol commeot No.
J, 1990, nkl/ CN/1/kev.8, poto. 10, p. 17.

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1. 5totes lottles tecoqolze tbe tlqbt of tbe cbllJ to
eJocotloo, ooJ wltb o vlew to ocblevloq tbls tlqbt
ptoqtesslvely ooJ oo tbe bosls of epool
oppottoolty, tbey sboll, lo pottlcolot.

1
ot scbools ooJ tbe teJoctloo of Jtop-oot totes.

2. 5totes lottles sboll toke oll opptoptlote meosotes
to eosote tbot scbool Jlsclplloe ls oJmlolsteteJ lo
o moooet cooslsteot wltb tbe cbllJ's bomoo
Jlqolty ooJ lo coofotmlty wltb tbe pteseot
cooveotloo.

! !
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!
1. 5totes lottles oqtee tbot tbe eJocotloo of tbe
cbllJ sboll be JltecteJ to.

1
ooJ meotol ooJ pbyslcol obllltles to
tbelt follest poteotlol,

1
ooJ fooJomeotol fteeJoms, ooJ fot tbe ptloclples
eosbtloeJ lo tbe cbottet of tbe uolteJ Notloos,

LducaLlon has Lhe poLenLlal Lo be a greaL equallzer ln any socleLy,
Lo allow every chlld and youLh Lo develop Lo Lhelr fullesL poLenLlal
wlLhouL dlscrlmlnaLlon. LducaLlon ls noL only an essenLlal human
rlghL, lL ls a rlghL LhaL ls essenLlal Lo Lhe reallzaLlon of many oLher
human rlghLs, lncludlng many of Lhose ln Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe
klqbts of tbe cbllJ. lL ls also a crlLlcal componenL of flnanclal
sLablllLy, llLeracy, democraLlc parLlclpaLlon and soclallzaLlon ln
adulLhood. lnLernaLlonal law provldes plenLlful sources LhaL
afflrm Lhls rlghL. 1he uolvetsol ueclototloo of nomoo klqbts, 1he
lotetootloool coveooot oo cooomlc, 5oclol ooJ coltotol klqbts,
and Lhe cooveotloo oqolost ulsctlmlootloo lo Jocotloo are some
of Lhe ma[or lnLernaLlonal law lnsLrumenLs aparL from Lhe
cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ LhaL proclalm Lhe rlghL Lo
educaLlon.

Clven Lhelr foundaLlonal lmporLance, rlghLs relaLed Lo educaLlon
should be addressed wlLh asslduous aLLenLlon Lo ArLlcle 2 (non-
dlscrlmlnaLlon), ArLlcle 3 (Lhe besL lnLeresLs of Lhe chlld), ArLlcle 6
(llfe, survlval and developmenL) and ArLlcle 12 (glvlng due welghL
Lo Lhe vlews of Lhe chlld). Llke Lhe 8lghL Lo lay, Lhe rlghL Lo
educaLlon Lakes on speclal meanlng wlLh chlldren, slnce lL ls ln
1 S C
Canada has ofLen underscored Lhe fundamenLal lmporLance of
work ln Lhe llves of Canadlans, as a deflnlng aLLrlbuLe of our
belngs, a source of ldenLlLy and self-esLeem. LducaLlon, llke play,
C -seLLlng, developmenL,
successes and fallures are lnLlmaLely connecLed wlLh Lhelr
educaLlonal and recreaLlonal acLlvlLles. 1haL ls why korczak wroLe

We ln new 8runswlck have an educaLlon sysLem whlch ls Lhe envy
of much of Lhe world. SLlll, Lhere remaln slgnlflcanL gaps and,
moreover, educaLlon ls a concepL LhaL ls noL sLaLlc lL wlll always
change as socleLy changes. lL ls lmporLanL Lo measure our
successes and shorLcomlngs ln provldlng educaLlon for our
W C
recenL declslon Lo comblne Lhe ueparLmenL of LducaLlon and
Larly Chlldhood uevelopmenL lnLo one slngle deparLmenL. new
8runswlck day care pollcy has developed meanlngful play-based
currlculum. 1he lrancophone currlculum 8ranch has underLaken
promlslng work ln Lhe pasL few years Lo lnLegraLe more play-
based learnlng lnLo Lhe klndergarLen Lo grade 3 currlculum. Close
monlLorlng and evaluaLlon on Lhe lmplemenLaLlon of Lhls
approach wlll conLlnue Lo be needed, buL we hope LhaL all school
chlldren ln new 8runswlck wlll soon reap Lhe beneflLs of play-
based currlculums whlch are leadlng Lo excepLlonal educaLlonal
aLLalnmenL ln counLrles such as llnland.

A
l
of any such measures Lhe ueparLmenL of LducaLlon and Larly
Chlldhood uevelopmenL wlll have Lo begln Lo collecL and analyze
comprehenslve dlsaggregaLed daLa on school aLLendance. We
musL ensure LhaL we are able Lo polnL Lo daLa on drop-ouL raLes
LhaL show whaL groups, lf any, are dropplng ouL of school Lo a
dlsproporLlonaLe degree. Cur prevlous reporLs have lnslsLed on
Lhe need for LargeLed programs Lo keep chlldren ln school ln
cerLaln communlLles, parLlcularly glven Lhe dlsparlLles ln Lhe daLa
reporLed. Powever lL ls noL enough Lo measure only Lhe drop-ouL
raLe. We should be concerned wlLh whaL happens earller
upsLream Lhrough sysLem wlde daLa monlLorlng and reporLlng on
school aLLendance. ln LhaL way we wlll be able Lo make beLLer
llnkages Lo oLher rlsk facLors, before klds drop ouL. lor example,
Leenage pregnancy has been llnked Lo drop-ouL raLes ln many
[urlsdlcLlons. 1hls ls [usL one facLor of many LhaL our provlnce
needs Lo Lrack ln order Lo consLanLly lmprove efforLs aL reduclng
drop-ouL raLes. 1he CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld has
noLed Lhe obllgaLlon of parLles Lo Lhe cooveotloo Lo Lake
measures Lo ensure LhaL pregnanL Leenagers are glven Lhe
opporLunlLy Lo compleLe Lhelr educaLlon.
83
lL ls essenLlal LhaL we
are aware of all groups of youLh who are showlng poor
aLLendance and are aL rlsk of dropplng ouL of school Lo beLLer
deLermlne Lhelr reasons for dolng so, be Lhey due Lo learnlng
dlsablllLles, Lhe need for employmenL lncome, Lhe effecLs of
bullylng, or any oLher facLor.

ArLlcle 28 also obllgaLes sLaLes Lo ensure LhaL school dlsclpllne ls
belng admlnlsLered ln accordance wlLh Lhe rlghLs of chlldren and
1 C ? A C
over slLuaLlons whereln schools have Lurned Lo Lhe crlmlnal
[usLlce sysLem Lo dlsclpllne youLh wlLh dlsablllLles or menLal
healLh lssues. 1hls pracLlce ls noL ln accordance wlLh elLher Lhe
cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ C ootb ctlmlool
Iostlce Act.

ArLlcle 28, along wlLh ArLlcles 2 (whlch seLs ouL prohlblLed
grounds of dlscrlmlnaLlon
86
) and 23 (whlch focuses on Lhe rlghLs
of chlldren wlLh dlsablllLles), requlres LhaL educaLlonal programs
be accesslble Lo all chlldren wlLhouL dlscrlmlnaLlon. lor example,
parLles Lo Lhe cooveotloo are requlred Lo alm Loward effecLlve
educaLlon of chlldren and youLh wlLh dlsablllLles ln malnsLream
classrooms alongslde non-dlsabled sLudenLs. lncluslve educaLlon
does noL mean lnLegraLlng chlldren wlLh dlsablllLles lnLo Lhe
regular sysLem regardless of Lhelr challenges and needs, lL ls a
flexlble concepL, adapLable Lo Lhe needs of all sLudenLs. As Lhe
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld has sLaLed:
!
AL lLs core, lncluslve educaLlon ls a seL of values,
prlnclples, and pracLlces LhaL seeks meanlngful,
effecLlve, and quallLy educaLlon for all sLudenLs,
LhaL does [usLlce Lo Lhe dlverslLy of learnlng
condlLlons and requlremenLs noL only of chlldren
wlLh dlsablllLles, buL for all sLudenLs.
87

n 8 l L l
sLrldes ln Lhls regard buL has farLher Lo go.

Many of Lhe oLher ArLlcles ln Lhe cooveotloo Louch on varlous
aspecLs of Lhe rlghL Lo educaLlon. Several examples are perLlnenL
ln Lhe new 8runswlck conLexL.

1 A
analogous grounds of dlscrlmlnaLlon such as homeless youLh and
youLh lnvolved ln Lhe crlmlnal [usLlce sysLem. 1here ls a concern
LhaL homeless youLh are belng lefL wlLhouL educaLlon.

ArLlcle 40 of Lhe cooveotloo requlres LhaL educaLlon musL be
provlded Lo youLhs ln Lhe crlmlnal [usLlce sysLem. 1here ls a
concern LhaL chlldren ln Lhe youLh crlmlnal [usLlce sysLem ln new
8runswlck are belng prevenLed from belng effecLlvely
relnLegraLed lnLo schools.

ursuanL Lo ArLlcle 30, lndlgenous chlldren and youLh musL be
ensured access Lo quallLy educaLlon
88
, and educaLlon musL also
poslLlvely relnforce Lhelr lndlgenous ldenLlLy, lncludlng language
and culLure.
89
1 C ? A
S C ? 8 n 8

provlnce where so many llrsL naLlons chlldren are deprlved of Lhe
opporLunlLy Lo access prlmary, secondary and posL-secondary
W
celebraLe Lhe facL LhaL Pead SLarL programs ln new 8runswlck
l n n 8
ranklng of flrsL among seven reporLlng [urlsdlcLlons ln Canada
regardlng llrsL naLlons parLlclpaLlon raLes ln pre-school
programmlng. Powever, new 8runswlck llrsL naLlons chlldren
reporL low saLlsfacLlon raLes regardlng Lhe avallablllLy of exLra-
currlcular acLlvlLles aL Lhelr school and Lhe lowesL resulLs ln
Canada for happlness aL school.

ArLlcle 32 also requlres LhaL Lhe employmenL of worklng youLh
musL noL lnLerfere wlLh Lhelr educaLlon. 1he 2010 Crade 12 LxlL
Survey of sLudenLs ln new 8runswlck showed LhaL 44 of
respondenLs spenL more Lhan Len hours per week ln employmenL,
n
8runswlck became a leader ln Canada wlLh regard Lo lLs
Jocotloo Act
was amended Lo lncrease Lhe mlnlmum mandaLory age of school
aLLendance Lo elghLeen. Cur provlnce has Lhe ablllLy Lo slmllarly
sLrengLhen lLs commlLmenL Lo youLh Lhrough changes Lo lLs labour
n 8 L S A
lnclude any resLrlcLlons on work for youLh beLween Lhe ages of
slxLeen and elghLeen. CovernmenL ls presenLly looklng aL creaLlng
a labour reglme for all youLh who are requlred Lo be ln school.

1he CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld has descrlbed Lhe alms
of educaLlon as follows:

L
menLal, splrlLual and emoLlonal developmenL and
balance lnLellecLual, soclal and pracLlcal skllls, lL

fuLure llfe. 1he overall ob[ecLlve ls Lo maxlmlze Lhe

a free socleLy. LducaLlon should be humane,
lnsplrlng and moLlvaLlng. lL should noL glve
dlsproporLlonaLe welghL Lo Lhe accumulaLlon of
knowledge, whlch may creaLe burdens of work and

developmenL.
90

Achlevlng Lhese goals ls no small Lask. Powever, new 8runswlck
has hlghly quallfled Leachers and very devoLed sLaff ln Lhe
ueparLmenL of LducaLlon and Larly Chlldhood uevelopmenL who
are capable of accompllshlng Lhese alms. 1he rlghLs expressed ln
Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ should form parL of Lhe
school currlcula for all sLudenLs ln new 8runswlck. 1eachers and
all admlnlsLraLlve sLaff lnvolved ln Lhe educaLlon of our youLh
should recelve Lralnlng ln Lhese rlghLs.

1urnlng Lo Lhe 2011 daLa lL ls encouraglng Lo see LhaL provlnclal
exam averages suggesL LhaL boys and glrls are performlng
comparaLlvely well across all sub[ecL maLLers and grade levels,
wlLh Lhe glrls performlng generally beLLer ln lrench assessmenLs.
Powever only 26 of youLh lndlcaLed LhaL Lhere was enough
varleLy of foods offered ln school cafeLerlas. Cnly 68 of sLudenLs
reporLed LhaL Lhey had enough Llme Lo eaL Lhelr lunch aL school.
We need Lo know lf our chlldren are Lhrowlng away Lhelr lunches
ln order Lo avold Lhe rush of noon-hour and have enough Llme Lo
play ouLslde.
91
Whlle Lhe school connecLedness survey resulLs are
generally encouraglng lncreaslng from 80 Lo 83 of youLh who
feel connecLed Lo Lhelr school over Lhe pasL Lhree years we noLe
LhaL sLlll 23 of youLh elLher dlsagree or sLrongly dlsagree wlLh
l
l
l l l
l
l
are meL aL my school (20 dlsagree).

1 8
lmporLanL Lo bear ln mlnd Lhe lnfluence LhaL play, recreaLlon,
lelsure, resL, arLs and culLure have on educaLlon.
92
As Lhe
Canadlan CoallLlon for Lhe 8lghLs of Chlldren has sLressed, Lhe
rlghLs found ln ArLlcle 31 have ma[or lmpllcaLlons for educaLlon of
chlldren and youLh. Slmllarly, declslons regardlng educaLlonal
servlces, such as Lhe closure of rural schools for lnsLance, can have

accesslble school-based play lnfrasLrucLure and programmlng, buL
also by requlrlng rural chlldren Lo spend far more of Lhelr dally
rouLlne engaged ln busslng Lo and from school, whlch lmpacLs
Lhelr play Llme. 1hroughouL Lhe nexL year Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh
A C

Lhrough currlcular and co-currlcular plannlng LhroughouL Lhe
educaLlonal sysLem.

* * *

oJootes.

85 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Ceoetol commeot No. 4. AJolesceot
beoltb ooJ Jevelopmeot lo tbe cootext of tbe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of
tbe cbllJ (uN uoc. ckc/Cc/200J/4, 200J), poto. J1.
A 5 l
tbe pteseot cooveotloo to eocb cbllJ wltblo tbelt jotlsJlctloo wltboot
Jlsctlmlootloo of ooy kloJ, lttespectlve of tbe cbllJ's ot bls ot bet poteot's
ot leqol qootJloo's toce, coloot, sex, looqooqe, tellqloo, polltlcol ot otbet
oploloo, ootloool, etbolc ot soclol otlqlo, ptopetty, Jlsoblllty, blttb ot otbet

c/Cc/9, poto. 67.
u N C AA w l c k
AJ noc commlttee of tbe wbole of tbe tweoty-seveotb speclol sessloo of
tbe Ceoetol Assembly, 2002, A/5-27/19/kev.1, potos. J9 ooJ 40. uolteJ
N C AA w l c k A
noc commlttee of tbe wbole of tbe tweoty-seveotb speclol sessloo of tbe
Ceoetol Assembly, 2002, A/5-27/19/kev.1, potos. J9 ooJ 40.
89 vetbeyJe, Mleke. A commeototy oo tbe uolteJ Notloos cooveotloo oo tbe
klqbts of tbe cbllJ. Attlcle 28 1be klqbt to Jocotloo. lelJeo, 1be
NetbetlooJs. Mottloos Nljboff lobllsbets, 2005, p. 42.
c k c C c N 1
ckcCc
5 k n I C 8 l c v
1 l l N c 8
c c k c c k c
w u k l 8 k c k
1 k l k c A 1 A u
soclety tepott to uN commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, 1bltJ/loottb
kepott of coooJo, cooveoeJ by tbe coooJloo coolltloo fot tbe klqbts of
cbllJteo, Octobet 2010.
!
!

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1?3-?(.3N!5%32:2#?@!.94!C.9:?.:%!52:0-@!
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lo tbose 5totes lo wblcb etbolc,
tellqloos ot lloqolstlc mlootltles ot
petsoos of loJlqeooos otlqlo exlst,
o cbllJ belooqloq to socb o
mlootlty ot wbo ls loJlqeooos
sboll oot be JeoleJ tbe tlqbt, lo
commoolty wltb otbet membets
of bls ot bet qtoop, to eojoy bls ot
bet owo coltote, to ptofess ooJ
ptoctlce bls ot bet owo tellqloo, ot
to ose bls ot bet owo looqooqe.
!
lL ls a sad facL LhaL Lhe rlghLs found ln ArLlcle 30 of Lhe cooveotloo
oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ have ofLen been denled Lo lndlgenous
Canadlans Lhrough offlclal governmenL pollcy. 1he cooveotloo
relnforces Lhe rlghL of Aborlglnal chlldren and youLh ln our
communlLles Lo en[oy Lhelr own culLure, Lo profess and pracLlce
Lhelr own rellglon and Lo speak Lhelr own language. 1he
hlsLorlcal, and ofLen conLlnulng, dlscrlmlnaLlon agalnsL mlnorlLles
and lndlgenous peoples worldwlde necesslLaLed Lhe lncluslon of
ArLlcle 30, noLwlLhsLandlng Lhe facL LhaL Lhe prlnclple of non-
dlscrlmlnaLlon ls presenL ln ArLlcle 2 and flows Lhrough every rlghL
ln Lhe cooveotloo.

ArLlcle 30 of Lhe cooveotloo ls also lmporLanL ln LhaL lL ls Lhe only
blndlng provlslon ln lnLernaLlonal law LhaL dlrecLly provldes rlghLs
Lo lndlgenous peoples (Lhe un ueclaraLlon on Lhe 8lghLs of
lndlgenous eoples, whlle morally persuaslve, does noL consLlLuLe
blndlng lnLernaLlonal law).

Cur SLaLe of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh 8eporL lasL year focused on
ArLlcle 30 of Lhe cooveotloo, wlLh speclal aLLenLlon Lo how Lhese
rlghLs affecL llrsL naLlons youLh ln new 8runswlck. Clven Lhe
dlsproporLlonaLe number of llrsL naLlons chlldren and youLh ln
sLaLe care (ln fosLer care or group homes and ln Lhe crlmlnal
[usLlce sysLem), a danger exlsLs LhaL culLure and language wlll be
neglecLed. lndlgenous culLure has had an embaLLled hlsLory ln
C
- culmlnaLlng ln Lhe Lragedy of 8esldenLlal Schools - demands LhaL
we pay speclal aLLenLlon Lo Lhe preservaLlon of lndlgenous
culLures. 1housands of Aborlglnal Canadlans had Lhelr chlldhoods
sLolen from Lhem as a resulL of Lhe 8esldenLlal Schools pollcy. 1he
Lrauma of Lhls experlence has lmpacLed successlve generaLlons, as
crlLlcal Lles Lo communlLy and culLure and parenLlng approaches
were dlsrupLed and losL. ?eL sLlll, lndlgenous culLure has shown
lncredlble reslllence and has endured. CovernmenL and all
members of clvll socleLy have a duLy Lo ald ln Lhe preservaLlon of
lndlgenous culLure and Lo help lL Lo Lhrlve.

We are encouraged by Lhe renewal of Lhe new 8runswlck lndlan
Summer Cames ln 2010 and 2011. Also, Lhe llrsL naLlons
C l l

and recreaLlonal lnfrasLrucLure and language and culLural
programmlng ln llrsL naLlons communlLles. We are encouraged
also by Lhe lncreased presence and ouLreach of new 8runswlck
nCCs ln llrsL naLlons communlLles. 1he unlLed Way, 8oys and
Clrls Clubs, ?MCAs, Lhe !ohn Poward SocleLy, Lhe 8ed Cross and
oLhers have all parLlclpaLed ln Carlng Across Lhe 8oundarles
Sesslons and sLepped up Lhelr servlces and membershlp among
llrsL naLlons communlLles.

Powever more progress has Lo be made qulckly Lo reverse Lhe
asslmllaLlve Lrend whlch has seen Lhe number of naLlve speakers
of MallsseeL dwlndle Lo less Lhan 300 persons, largely among Lhe
elderly. Cnly susLalned efforLs wlLh credlble currlcular and exLra-
currlcular approaches wlll help a new generaLlon of learners
succeed ln acqulrlng language skllls whlch Lhelr parenLs no longer
possess and cannoL pass on Lhrough Lhe household.

* * *

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5 l
olleqeJ os, occoseJ of, ot tecoqolzeJ os bovloq
loftloqeJ tbe peool low to be tteoteJ lo o moooet
cooslsteot wltb tbe ptomotloo of tbe cbllJ's seose
of Jlqolty ooJ wottb, wblcb telofotces tbe cbllJ's
tespect fot tbe bomoo tlqbts ooJ fooJomeotol
fteeJoms of otbets ooJ wblcb tokes loto occooot
tbe cbllJ's oqe ooJ tbe Jesltoblllty of ptomotloq
tbe cbllJ's teloteqtotloo ooJ tbe cbllJ's ossomloq
o coosttoctlve tole lo soclety.

loftloqeJ tbe peool low bos ot leost tbe followloq
qootootees.

1o be ptesomeJ loooceot ootll ptoveo qollty
occotJloq to low,

1o be lofotmeJ ptomptly ooJ Jltectly of tbe

Not to be compelleJ to qlve testlmooy ot to
coofess pollt,
1o exomloe ot bove exomloeJ oJvetse wltoesses
ooJ to obtolo tbe pottlclpotloo ooJ exomlootloo
of wltoesses oo bls ot bet bebolf ooJet cooJltloos
of epoollty,

5 l
estobllsbmeot of lows, ptoceJotes, ootbotltles
ooJ lostltotloos speclflcolly oppllcoble to cbllJteo
olleqeJ os, occoseJ of, ot tecoqolzeJ os bovloq
loftloqeJ tbe peool low, ooJ, lo pottlcolot.

wbeoevet opptoptlote ooJ Jesltoble, meosotes
fot Jeolloq wltb socb cbllJteo wltboot tesottloq
to joJlclol ptoceeJloqs, ptovlJloq tbot bomoo
tlqbts ooJ leqol sofeqootJs ote folly tespecteJ.

A
ooJ sopetvlsloo otJets, cooosellloq, ptobotloo,
fostet cote, eJocotloo ooJ vocotloool ttololoq
ptoqtommes ooJ otbet oltetootlves to
lostltotloool cote sboll be ovolloble to eosote tbot
cbllJteo ote Jeolt wltb lo o moooet opptoptlote
to tbelt well-beloq ooJ ptopottlooote botb to
tbelt cltcomstooces ooJ tbe offeoce.!

C
erraLlc. Cn Lhe one hand, Canada was lnsLrumenLal ln creaLlng
much more elaboraLe rlghLs Lhan had orlglnally been envlsloned
for ArLlcle 37.
93
Cn Lhe oLher hand, under Lhe O
Act
93
ootb ctlmlool Iostlce Act),
C

96
, we were lncarceraLlng youLh aL Lwlce
Lhe raLe even of Amerlcan courLs.
97
1he ootb ctlmlool Iostlce Act
(cIA C
ln Lhls area of Lhe [usLlce sysLem. 1he cIA also speclflcally refers
C un cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe
cbllJ as a purpose for lLs enacLmenL.

1he cIA ls meanL Lo address Lhe lneffecLlve and expenslve over-
use of courL-based processes and cusLodlal faclllLles for youLh who
are noL commlLLlng serlous vlolenL offences.
98
1hls Act emphaslzes
rehablllLaLlon of youLhs who run afoul of our crlmlnal laws, and lL
llkewlse emphaslzes Lhelr relnLegraLlon lnLo Lhe communlLy. Larly
lnLervenLlon and dlverslon away from Lhe crlmlnal [usLlce sysLem
are lmperaLlve aspecLs of Lhls law, and are dlrecLly lncorporaLed
from Lhe rlghLs ln Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ.
99

?ouLh are held Lo a lower sLandard of accounLablllLy Lhan adulLs
due Lo Lhelr sLage of moral and lnLellecLual developmenL. As
C S C
presumpLlon of dlmlnlshed moral culpablllLy ln young persons ls
fundamenLal Lo our noLlons of how a falr legal sysLem oughL Lo
100
Powever, Lhe Act also emphaslzes Lhe lmporLance of
meanlngful consequences for crlmlnal acLs and lL places a focus on
reparaLlon by youLhs Lo vlcLlms of Lhelr crlmes. 1he Act Lhereby
seeks Lo proLecL boLh our youLh and our publlc ln general.

1 C ootb ctlmlool Iostlce Act allow for Lhe
creaLlon of whaL Lhe un Culdellnes for AcLlon on Chlldren ln Lhe
C ! S -

101

P
lmplemenLaLlon of Lhe rlghLs ln Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of
tbe cbllJ as well as Lhe provlslons of Lhe ?ouLh Crlmlnal !usLlce
AcL. 1he Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe has several
concerns ln Lhls area, many of whlch we are unable Lo address ln
Lhls 8eporL due Lo space consLralnLs. We wlll however be
reLurnlng Lo Lhem ln Lhe conLexL of a sysLemlc revlew of ?ouLh
Crlmlnal [usLlce proceedlngs ln new 8runswlck whlch we wlll
reporL on early ln 2012.

We wlll also wanL Lo focus LhroughouL Lhe comlng year on whaL
measures can be Laken Lo lmprove Lhe en[oymenL of ArLlcle 31
rlghLs by young persons lnvolved ln Lhe crlmlnal [usLlce sysLem,
boLh as a paLhway Lo rehablllLaLlon and successful relnLegraLlon
lnLo communlLy and as a crlme prevenLlon sLraLegy, bulldlng
sLrengLh based opporLunlLles for youLh who mlghL oLherwlse
enLer lnLo confllcL wlLh Lhe law.

1 C 8
Wellbelng lramework polnL Lo a dlsLurblng resulL ln Lerms of
youLh correcLlons. 8oLh Lhe year over year comparaLlve daLa
wlLhln new 8runswlck and Lhe comparaLlve daLa Lo oLher
provlnces underscore Lhe facL LhaL Lhe youLh crlmlnal [usLlce
n 8
lnLenL ln enacLlng Lhe ?C!A. As a resulL we have seen no slgnlflcanL
reducLlon ln youLh courL prosecuLlons. 1hese have ln facL been on
Lhe rlse, conLrary Lo Lhe Lrends ln nelghbourlng provlnces.

lor lnsLance, ln 2010-2011 Lhe ?ouLh !usLlce CourL dlsposed of
4,320 charges, whlch represenLs a 7 lncrease ln courL charges
over Lhe prevlous year. 1he 2009 daLa for average annual
numbers of youLh senLenced Lo closed cusLody by lnsLlLuLlonal
counL ls 20.3 whlch ls down a Lhlrd from Lhe 2003 numbers buL
sLlll well ahead of newfoundland and nova ScoLla where Lhe
average number of youLh ln closed cusLody ls 7.3 and 3.9
respecLlvely. lf we compare Lhe raLe of lncarceraLlon per 10,000
young persons, new 8runswlck lncarceraLes [usL over one young
person per Lhousand, whlch ls more Lhan double Lhe raLe ln
Cuebec or 8rlLlsh Columbla and Lhe Lhlrd hlghesL raLe of youLh
lncarceraLlon among Canadlan provlnces, afLer ManlLoba and
SaskaLchewan. Cn Lhe oLher hand lf we look aL remand
deLenLlons, communlLy senLences and probaLlon counLs per
10,000 youLhs, our raLes are sLlll hlgh ln comparlson Lo oLher
C l C ? A
approach Lo pollclng and prosecuLlon needs Lo change. We need
Lo lnvesL more ln crlme prevenLlon efforLs and redouble our
efforLs Lo dlverL youLh (and youLh wlLh complex needs ln
parLlcular) from Lhe crlmlnal [usLlce process. CLher provlnces have
sLepped up Lo Lhls challenge and reduced youLh crlme whlle

new 8runswlck needs Lo do Lhe same.

A 8
slgnlflcance ln Lhe seLLlng of a closed cusLody lnsLlLuLlon. ?ouLh
senLenced Lo cusLody aL Lhe new 8runswlck ?ouLh CenLre face
unlque challenges ln havlng Lhelr rlghLs respecLed when lL comes
Lo play, resL, recreaLlon, lelsure, and arLs and culLure. laced wlLh
Lhe magnlLude of Lhls challenge ln youLh pollclng, charglng and
cusLodlal pracLlce lL ls dlfflculL Lo make Lhe case for defendlng Lhe

cusLodlal seLLlng or for youLh relnLegraLlng lnLo communlLy or
youLh dlverLed from LradlLlonal youLh crlmlnal [usLlce processes.
And yeL Lhese are Lhe very youLh who should be aL Lhe hearL of
our efforLs ln lmplemenLlng Lhe rlghLs under ArLlcle 31, as Lhey
sLand Lo galn Lhe mosL from such efforLs. 8y connecLlng Lhese
chlldren wlLh good pracLlces ln relaLlon Lo all Lhe rlghLs seL ouL ln
ArLlcle 31 we can make sLrengLh-based lnvesLmenLs ln Lhelr
developmenL and enable Lhelr full relnLegraLlon and success ln
avoldlng any fuLure confllcLs wlLh Lhe law. Cne very promlslng
sLaLlsLlc ls LhaL Lhe number of escorLed leaves from n8?C for
recreaLlonal purposes has [umped conslderably each year slnce
enacLmenL of Lhe ?C!A. 1he Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh
AdvocaLe wlll work Lo ensure Lhe proLecLlon of all rlghLs for youLh
aL n8?C, lncludlng Lhe flve rlghLs lncluded ln ArLlcle 31.

* * *

!

oJootes.

9J koposl, nokl & Iosle Cleove. 8 l c v
1 l l N c 8
94 oooq OffeoJets Act k.5.c., 1985, c. -1.
95 ootb ctlmlool Iostlce Act, 5c 2002, c1.
96 commlttee oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, cooslJetotloo of kepotts 5obmltteJ
by 5totes lottles ooJet Attlcle 44 of tbe cooveotloo, 27 Octobet, 200J,
coooJo ckc/c/15/AJJ.215.
97 8olo, Nlck ooJ 5oojeev AoooJ. ootb ctlmlool Iostlce low, 5ecooJ J.
1otooto. ltwlo low loc., 2009, ot p. 20.
98 5ee. 1ostlo, lee & kobett lotes. A ColJe to tbe ootb ctlmlool Iostlce Act,
2012 Jltloo. Motkbom. lexlsNexls coooJo loc., 2011.
99 voo 8oeteo, CetolJloe. commeototy oo tbe uolteJ Notloos cooveotloo oo
tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Attlcle 40. cbllJ ctlmlool Iostlce. 8ostoo. Mottloos
Nljboff lobllsbets, 2005, p 7.
100 k. v. u.8., j2008] 2 5.c.k. J, ot poto. 68.
101 Offlce of tbe nlqb commlsslooet fot nomoo klqbts, uolteJ Notloos.
C A c c I 5
kecommeoJeJ by cooomlc ooJ 5oclol cooocll kesolotloo 1997/J0 of 21
Ioly 1997, ot poto. 14.

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age 83
1#9A3?@2#9!!

1he foregolng pages have aLLempLed Lo underscore Lhe cenLral
lmporLance of Lhe rlghL Lo play, resL, recreaLlon, lelsure, and arLs
and culLure ln Lhe healLhy developmenL of chlldren and youLh.
1hls 8eporL has also aLLempLed Lo provlde some lnslghL lnLo Lhe
n 8
Lhe rlghLs enshrlned ln Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ.
l 8 C
8lghLs and Well-belng lramework, developed Lhrough a
parLnershlp of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe wlLh Lhe new
8runswlck PealLh Councll. We presenL Lhls lramework ln Lhe nexL
secLlon of Lhls 8eporL. We feel LhaL Lhe developmenL of Lhls
l n 8
efforLs Lo show due dlllgence ln lLs resolve Lo have Lhe rlghLs of
Lhe chlld fully lmplemenLed and respecLed wlLhln Lhe llmlLs of Lhe
resources and means aL our dlsposal. 1hls daLa measuremenL and
analysls process ls Lhe producL of a collecLlve efforL and wlll only
bear frulL lf all sLakeholders lnvolved ln Lhe dellvery of servlces Lo
chlldren Lake noLlce of Lhe lramework and make lL Lhelr own by
sLrlvlng Lo seL and reach sLraLeglc goals and ouLcomes ln relaLlon
Lo Lhe rlghLs and lndlcaLors ouLllned.

Much work remalns Lo be done Lo valldaLe Lhe lndlcaLors seL ouL
ln Lhls reporL. We musL conLlnue Lo lmprove upon Lhe reporLlng ln
relaLlon Lo speclflc caLegorles of youLh, marglnallzed and
vulnerable youLh populaLlons ln parLlcular. And we musL make
conLlnued efforLs Lo seek feedback from chlldren, youLh, servlce
provlders and pollcy-makers ln Lhe fleld..

ArLlcle 31 has proven lLself Lo be an ldeal vanLage polnL from
whlch Lo begln Lhls analysls. All sLakeholders who we have
consulLed were lmmedlaLely engaged aL Lhe prospecL of
measurlng and lmprovlng ouLcomes for chlldren ln relaLlon Lo
1
seL ouL ln ArLlcle 31 are lnLlmaLely connecLed Lo Lhe guldlng
prlnclples of Lhe cooveotloo seL ouL ln ArLlcles 2, 3, 6 and 12 and
Lo all Lhe many oLher rlghLs guaranLeed by Lhls human rlghLs
lnsLrumenL.

We musL ensure LhaL all chlldren have equal ablllLy Lo exerclse Lhe
rlghLs ln ArLlcle 31, whlch means Laklng speclflc measures Lo
ensure Lhese rlghLs for vulnerable chlldren as well as chlldren who
llve ln remoLe and rural areas. We can lmprove our promoLlon of
Lhese rlghLs. lL ls lmporLanL Lo ensure LhaL school hours and
homework reglmes allow Llme for play, recreaLlon, resL and
lelsure perlods. LnvlronmenLal plannlng should Lake lnLo accounL
Lhe play and recreaLlon needs as well as Lhe vlews of chlldren and
youLh. Chlldren wlLh dlsablllLles musL have access Lo lnLegraLed
recreaLlonal, culLural and arLlsLlc acLlvlLles. Chlldren ln hosplLals,
ln care and ln cusLody musL also have opporLunlLles for play and
recreaLlonal acLlvlLles. All chlldren should have access Lo culLural
and arLlsLlc evenLs and all of Lhe opporLunlLles Lo fulflll Lhe rlghLs
of ArLlcle 31 musL be made avallable wlLhouL dlscrlmlnaLlon, on
an equal basls by gender, geographlc locaLlon, socloeconomlc
sLaLus, level of ablllLy and all oLher analogous grounds.

1he work ahead ln relaLlon Lo Lhe progresslve lmplemenLaLlon of
ArLlcle 31 ln new 8runswlck ls slgnlflcanL and wlll prove
challenglng ln Lhe dlfflculL flscal slLuaLlon Lhe rovlnce musL cope
wlLh. We belleve, however, LhaL a number of helpful changes
could be made ln Lhe near Lerm Lo lmprove Lhe expecLed
ouLcomes new 8runswlckers have for Lhelr chlldren ln relaLlon Lo

BCDE!FDGGH5,I!!10234!.94!E#?-0!8!!52:0-@!.94!J%33'%29:!;(.&%<#(= age 87

8y way of summaLlon, Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe
has provlded a 8oad Map ln Lhe nexL few pages LhaL wlll serve as
a gulde Lo lLs own advocacy efforLs. We hope Lhls 8oad Map wlll
also provlde some prompLlng Lo governmenL deparLmenLs and Lo
Lhe publlc aL large as Lo ways ln whlch we can all work LogeLher

arLs and culLure.

* * *

!
!
D!"%<!>(?9@<2A=!5#.4!F.6!-#!-0%!B(#:(%@@2$%!U&63%&%9-.-2#9!#/!D(-2A3%!S+!!
#/!-0%!1#9$%9-2#9!#9!-0%!52:0-@!#/!-0%!10234!

1 - 1he rovlnce of new 8runswlck should esLabllsh a cenLral agency responslble for Lhe coordlnaLlon and lnLegraLlon of servlces Lo
chlldren and youLh wlLhln Lhe rovlnce, as recommended ln Lhe 2008 ConnecLlng Lhe uoLs reporL. 1hls agency should reporL Lo a
MlnlsLer responslble for chlldren or Lo Lhe LxecuLlve Councll Cfflce and should be glven Lhe lead responslblllLy for Lhe lmplemenLaLlon of
Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ ln new 8runswlck.

2 - 1 n 8 C cooveotloo oo tbe
klqbts of tbe cbllJ C n A cooveotloo. 1hls provlnclal plan
should be led by Lhe agency recommended above and address key areas of responslblllLy across all governmenL deparLmenLs lnvolved ln
servlces Lo chlldren buL lncludlng ln parLlcular Lhe ueparLmenL of LducaLlon and Larly Chlldhood uevelopmenL, Lhe ueparLmenL of Soclal
uevelopmenL, Lhe ueparLmenL of PealLh, Lhe Cfflce of Lhe ALLorney Ceneral, Lhe ueparLmenL of ubllc SafeLy and Lhe ueparLmenL of
Wellness, CulLure and SporL.

BCDE!FDGGH5,I!!10234!.94!E#?-0!8!!52:0-@!.94!J%33'%29:!;(.&%<#(= age 89

3 - A C :

1he coordlnaLlon of youLh engagemenL lnlLlaLlves and programs across governmenL Lo ensure LhaL new 8runswlck ?ouLh are
afforded a represenLaLlonal volce ln an advlsory role Lo CovernmenL and LhaL all publlc engagemenL processes encourage
and are lnformed by youLh parLlclpaLlon,
1he esLabllshmenL of a rovlnclal lamlly ollcy relnforclng Lhe prlmary responslblllLy of parenLs and exLended famllles for

healLh care, perl-naLal, neo-naLal, early chlldhood and educaLlonal servlces Lo chlldren,
1he urgenL need Lo lmprove menLal healLh servlces and ouLcomes for new 8runswlck youLh,
1he urgenL need Lo reduce our raLes of youLh crlmlnal charges, youLh lncarceraLlon and breaches of probaLlon whlle
lncreaslng sLrengLh-based lnLervenLlons wlLh youLh lnvolved wlLh or aL-rlsk of becomlng lnvolved wlLh crlme,
Lhe urgenL need Lo address Lhe problems of youLh homelessness ln new 8runswlck, and
o
resL, Lo recreaLlon, Lo lelsure and arLs and culLure, ln parLnershlp wlLh local and federal auLhorlLles, Lhe buslness communlLy
and clvll socleLy.

4 - ln all leglslaLlve, regulaLory and pollcy changes whlch mlghL lmpacL upon servlces Lo chlldren, Lhe rovlnce of new 8runswlck should
commlL lLself ln consulLaLlon wlLh Lhe Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe Lo a LransparenL and responslble process of Chlld lmpacL
AssessmenL as recommended by Lhe un CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld,

3 - ln Lhe currenL flscal slLuaLlon faclng Lhe rovlnce, Lhe ueparLmenL of llnance should Lake exLra measures Lo offer deLalled analysls of Lhe
C S 8 haL any lncrease
or reducLlon ln rovlnclal expendlLures affecLlng chlldren can be easlly and approprlaLely reporLed. ln addlLlon, Lhe rovlnce should observe
1 hlldren, as Lhe mosL
vulnerable populaLlon, face cuLs lasL and leasL, and LhaL Lhere ls a LransparenL commlLmenL Lo lnvesLlng Lhe maxlmum avallable resources
ln chlldren as requlred ln ArLlcle 4 of Lhe cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ,
6 - ln addlLlon conslderaLlon should be glven by all Lo such measures and lnlLlaLlves as can be lmplemenLed wlLhouL slgnlflcanL new
guaranLeed
under ArLlcle 31, whlch measures may lnclude:

8equlrlng a mlnlmum amounL of sLrucLured physlcal acLlvlLy for school chlldren of all ages aL Lhe ouLseL of each school day,
CelebraLlng youLh leadershlp acLlvlLles wlLhln schools, famllles and communlLles,
ConLlnulng Lo reform our early years and klndergarLen Lo grade 2 currlcula Lo place more emphasls on opporLunlLles for learnlng
Lhrough play, and educaLlon by Lhe arLs, as oLher successful publlc educaLlon programs ln developed economles have done,
l we
have been dolng successfully ln recenL years ln relaLlon Lo physlcal acLlvlLy programs,
lncreaslng Lhe opporLunlLles for lnLra-mural sporLs and play-based physlcal acLlvlLy programs ln schools and recognlzlng pupll
parLlclpaLlon approprlaLely on Lhe same basls as compeLlLlve sporLs, and
lmprovlng neLworks and processes for sharlng lnformaLlon beLween communlLles regardlng paLhways Lo reslllency and programs
whlch exlsL ln dlfferenL reglons Lo achleve a beLLer lmplemenLaLlon of ArLlcle 31 rlghLs.
C -belng. arenLs can model good
behavlours ln Lerms of sleep, healLhy eaLlng, work-llfe balance and physlcal acLlvlLy. MosL lmporLanLly, parenLs can nurLure a
L ln

BCDE!FDGGH5,I!!10234!.94!E#?-0!8!!52:0-@!.94!J%33'%29:!;(.&%<#(=
!
!
!
!
!
>2'32#:(.60Q!7!

age 91

BCDE!FDGGH5,I!!10234!.94!E#?-0!8!!52:0-@!.94!J%33'%29:!;(.&%<#(=
Academ|c and Med|a Sources

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lourLh 8eporL of Canada, convened by Lhe Canadlan CoallLlon for Lhe 8lghLs of Chlldren, CcLober 2010.
C M 1 L A ? C 1be Clobe ooJ Moll, !uly 20
Lh
, 2011.
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updaLed verslon !anuary 2008.
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l k C S L
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age 93

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N k c l M 5 5 tksbop, 8ootJ oo
c l w N k c l M
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l 5 v l l u 5 A c l M let & Notboo lox,
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l A l 8 c A Jveotote-
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lteomble to tbe coostltotloo of tbe wotlJ neoltb Otqoolzotloo os oJopteJ by tbe lotetootloool neoltb coofeteoce, New otk, 19 Iooe - 22 Ioly
1946, slqoeJ oo 22 Ioly 1946 by tbe tepteseototlves of 61 5totes (Offlclol kecotJs of tbe wotlJ neoltb Otqoolzotloo, oo. 2, p. 100) ooJ
eoteteJ loto fotce oo 7 Aptll 1948.
k I l c k k A kepott oo loJlqeooos cbllJteo ooJ tbe u.N. cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts o c uN
5ob-Ctoop oo loJlqeooos cbllJteo ooJ oooq leople, Aoqost 2006.
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ueotb leoolty, llfe lmptlsoomeot ooJ ueptlvotloo of llbetty. 8ostoo. Mottloos Nljboff lobllsbets, 2006,
1etty-n I M k M l c-u n c 8 1 M l wtoo, uc.
Notloool compolqo to lteveot 1eeo lteqooocy, 2005. Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//www.tbeootlooolcompolqo.otq/tesootces/pJf/pobs/
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age 94

BCDE!FDGGH5,I!!10234!.94!E#?-0!8!!52:0-@!.94!J%33'%29:!;(.&%<#(=
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lloyloqcotcbup.pJf

1botqeltsJttlt, netJls. commeototy oo tbe uolteJ Notloos cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, Attlcle 1J. 1be klqbt to lteeJom of
xptessloo. lelJeo, tbe NetbetlooJs. Mottloos Nljboff lobllsbets, 2006.
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uNlcl c 5 5 w c A c n l c 8 u
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uNlcl 5 k l N u N c l
uNlcl l c v 5 A l l c l l uNlcl loooceotl
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uNlcl 1 5 w c 5 c c k e c
uNlcl 1 5 w c 5 A A O
uNlcl l k c l k l c k c l, ltoly. 1be
u N c l uNlcl
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u N C A A w l c k A n c w -seveotb speclol
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lteeJom of lofotmotloo, A/k5/59(l), c.JA/lv.65, A/229, A/261, 14 uec. 1946,.
age 93

BCDE!FDGGH5,I!!10234!.94!E#?-0!8!!52:0-@!.94!J%33'%29:!;(.&%<#(=
n 8 C l M S S rkshop, 8oard on
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ellls, Serglo & vlvlen ellls. 1he layful 8raln: venLurlng Lo Lhe LlmlLs of neurosclence. Cxford: Cneworld ubllcaLlons, 2009.
L A 8 C A dvenLure-
playgrounds-bullL-by-communlLles.aspx
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1946, slgned on 22 !uly 1946 by Lhe represenLaLlves of 61 SLaLes (Cfflclal 8ecords of Lhe World PealLh CrganlzaLlon, no. 2, p. 100) and
enLered lnLo force on 7 Aprll 1948.
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laylngCaLchup.pdf
age 96

BCDE!FDGGH5,I!!10234!.94!E#?-0!8!!52:0-@!.94!J%33'%29:!;(.&%<#(=
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unlCLl S 8 n ? u n C l
unlCLl C v S A l l C l l unlCLl lnnocenLl
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unlCLl 1 S W C L S A A C
unlCLl l 8 C L 8 l C 8 C l, lLaly: 1he
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unlCLl l 8 C unlCLl C n 1 ? C l C M CnvenLlon
on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld. unlCLl, 2009. Avallable onllne aL: hLLp://www.unlcef.ca
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age 97

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W L 8 A C L

Domest|c Leg|s|at|on, Case Law and Internat|ona| Law C|tat|ons

lomlly 5etvlces Act, Sn8 1980, c l-2.2
1be Ioveolle uellopoeots Act, SLaLuLes of Canada, 1908, chapLer 40.
oooq OffeoJets Act 8.S.C., 1983, c. ?-1.
ootb ctlmlool Iostlce Act, SC 2002, C1.
coooJloo loooJotloo fot cbllJteo, ootb ooJ tbe low c. coooJo (ltocoteot qotol), [2004] A.C.S. no 6.

k. v. u.8., [2008] 2 S.C.8. 3
ueclototloo of Almo-Ato, lnLernaLlonal Conference on rlmary PealLh Care, Alma-ALa, uSS8, 6-12 SepLember 1978.
lLC nlghL Work of ?oung ersons (non-lndusLrlal CccupaLlons) ConvenLlon, 1946 (no.79).
lLC nlghL Work of ?oung ersons (lndusLry) ConvenLlon (8evlsed), 1948 (no.90).
lLC ConvenLlon Concernlng Mlnlmum Age for Admlsslon Lo LmploymenL, 1973 (no. 138).
age 98
uN Ceoetol Assembly, cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of tbe cbllJ, 20 Novembet 1989, uolteJ Notloos, 1teoty 5etles, vol. 1577, p. J
uN Ceoetol Assembly, lotetootloool coveooot oo clvll ooJ lolltlcol klqbts, 16 uecembet 1966, uolteJ Notloos, 1teoty 5etles, vol. 999, p. 171.
uN Ceoetol Assembly, lotetootloool coveooot oo cooomlc, 5oclol ooJ coltotol klqbts, 16 uecembet 1966, uolteJ Notloos, 1teoty 5etles, vol.
99J, p. J. Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//www.oobct.otq/tefwotlJ/JoclJ/Joe6bJ6c0.btml.
uN Ceoetol Assembly, cooveotloo oo tbe klqbts of letsoos wltb ulsobllltles. tesolotloo / oJopteJ by tbe Ceoetol Assembly, 24 Iooooty 2007, A/
k5/61/106
uolteJ Notloos, 5tooJotJ Mlolmom koles fot tbe 1teotmeot of ltlsooets, J0 Aoqost 1955. Avolloble oolloe ot. bttp.//www.oobct.otq/tefwotlJ/
JoclJ/Joe6bJ6e8.btml

Sources C|ted from UN Comm|ttee on the k|ghts of the Ch||d

CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld C8C/C/13/Add. 34, 1993.
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld, ConslderaLlon of 8eporLs SubmlLLed by SLaLes arLles under ArLlcle 44 of Lhe ConvenLlon, 27 CcLober,
2003, Canada C8C/C/13/Add.213.
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld, ConslderaLlon of 8eporLs SubmlLLed by SLaLes arLles: Concludlng observaLlons: Canada, C8C/C/13/
Add.213, 27 CcLober 2003.
C 8 C C C n C 8 ! ! C8CCCC
C 8 C C C n A P u C Clon on Lhe
8 C C8CCC
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld, Ceneral CommenL no. 3: Ceneral Measures of lmplemenLaLlon for Lhe ConvenLlon on Lhe 8lghLs of 1he
Chlld, un uoc. C8C/CC/2003/3, 2003.
C 8 C C C n l C 8 L C C8CCCC8, 2003.

BCDE!FDGGH5,I!!10234!.94!E#?-0!8!!52:0-@!.94!J%33'%29:!;(.&%<#(=
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld, Ceneral CommenL no. 8 (2006): 1he 8lghL of Lhe Chlld Lo roLecLlon from Corporal unlshmenL and
CLher Cruel or uegradlng lorms of unlshmenL (ArLs. 19, 28, ara. 2, and 37, lnLer alla), C8C/C/CC/8, 2 March 2007.
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld, Ceneral CommenL no. 8, C8C/C/CC, 2006.
C 8 C C C n 1 8 C u C8CCCC
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld, Ceneral Culdellnes regardlng Lhe form and conLenL of perlodlc reporLs Lo be submlLLed by SLaLes arLles
under arLlcle 44, paragraph 1(b), of Lhe ConvenLlon. AdopLed by Lhe CommlLLee aL lLs LhlrLy-nlnLh sesslon on 3 !une 2003.
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld, Ceneral Culdellnes 8egardlng Lhe lorm and ConLenLs of erlodlc 8eporLs Lo be SubmlLLed by SLaLes
arLles under ArLlcle 44, aragraph 1(b), of Lhe ConvenLlon (un uoc. C8C/C/38, 1996)
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld, 8eporL of Lhe lorLy-1hlrd Sesslon, SepLember 2006, uay of Ceneral ulscusslon, 8ecommendaLlons.
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld, 8eporL of Lhe 1hlrLy-llfLh Sesslon (un uoc. C8C/C/137), May, 2004, Annex ll
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld, 8eporL on Lhe LlghLh Sesslon, !anuary 1993, C8C/C/38
CommlLLee on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld/Canada C8C/C/13/Add.213.

!
!
!
!
age 100
!"#$%&'()&'*+,-#!
.$/#-0'()&'12%%!32$)/'
45(627+58
1he Iramework
1#9'-#$0'45(627+58:
1he goal of Lhls framework ls Lo glve new 8runwlckers a beLLer perspecLlve of Lhe well-belng of new 8runswlck
Chlldren and ?ouLhs Lhrough a varleLy of avallable local lndlcaLors. lL wlll also hlghllghL areas where we can as new
8runswlckers have an lnfluence on Lhe fuLure developmenL of our chlldren and youLh by ensurlng Lhe besL
posslble programs and pollcles are belng used and/or developed. 1hese chlldren and youLh are our fuLure. LeL's
work LogeLher Lo ensure Lhey have Lhe besL healLh, well-belng and opporLunlLles avallable Lo Lhem.
1#(-'$0'-#2'45(627+58:
1he Chlld and ?ouLh 8lghLs and Well-belng lramework uses lndlcaLors and measures LhaL help reflecL deLermlnanLs of healLh and
well-belng. Powever, as slmple as Lhe concepL sounds, Lhere ls no unlque, unlversally accepLed way of acLually measurlng chlld and youLh well-belng LhaL
emerges from Lhe academlc llLeraLure.
We have chosen Lo represenL chlld and youLh well-belng Lhrough a 9 quesLlon framework, llnked Lo varlous avallable lndlcaLors or measures ln new
8runswlck. 1hese quesLlons Lake lnLo accounL ouLcomes, Lhe deLermlnanLs of healLh
A
, and Lhe performance of program and pollcles ln place ln new
8runswlck LhaL have an lnfluence on chlldren and youLh. PealLh deLermlnanLs are Lhe soclal economlc and physlcal envlronmenL, Lhe personal healLh
pracLlces and behavlours, Lhe lndlvldual capaclLy and coplng skllls, Lhe human blology, Larly chlldhood developmenL and healLh servlces.
1he 8lghLs and well-belng lramework has also been llnked Lo Lhe un !"#$%#&'"#("#(&)%(*'+)&,("-(&)%(!)'./
0
. MosL of Lhe ArLlcles llsLed as "rlghLs" ln Lhe
!"#$%#&'"# are assoclaLed wlLh Lhls 8lghLs and Well-belng lramework. AlmosL every counLry has agreed Lo Lhese rlghLs. "8lghLs" are Lhlngs every chlld and
youLh should have or be able Lo do. All Lhe rlghLs are connecLed Lo each oLher, and all are equally lmporLanL. SomeLlmes, we have Lo Lhlnk abouL rlghLs ln
Lerms of whaL ls besL for a chlld ln a glven slLuaLlon, and whaL ls crlLlcal Lo llfe and proLecLlon of harm.
ollcymakers, program managers and servlce provlders ln dlfferenL secLors may be LempLed Lo focus on Lhe parLs of Lhe framework LhaL address Lhelr
secLor mosL dlrecLly. Powever, Lhe allocaLlon of lndlcaLors Lo each parL of Lhe framework ls a sub[ecLlve exerclse, glven Lhe ln
rlghLs and Lhe condlLlons measured by Lhe lndlcaLors/daLa LhaL affecL all aspecLs of Lhelr well-belng. 1herefore, we encourage readers Lo conslder Lhe daLa
across Lhe framework ln seeklng Lo undersLand lLs lmpllcaLlons for Lhelr work.
;'<5+=$)>$(%'?$27
ln Lhls framework we look aL Lhe chlld and youLh new 8runswlck populaLlon (0 Lo 19 years old), showlng male and female averages ln relaLlon Lo Lhe overall
provlnclal average of boLh sexes comblned. Wherever posslble we have lncluded a Canadlan average so we can show where new 8runswlckers sLand ln
relaLlon Lo Lhe oLher Canadlan provlnces and LerrlLorles. 1here wlll be very few lndlcaLors where comparlson ls posslble slnce much of Lhe daLa ls belng
supplled by new 8runswlck daLabases supplled by varlous provlnclal governmenL deparLmenLs.
!@#2'45(627+58!
1#+'0#+,%&',02'-#2'A5(627+58'B
CommunlLy and nelghborhood resldenLs
?oung people
LducaLors
?ouLh workers
CommunlLy leaders
Lmployers and buslness people
PealLhcare provlders
arenLs / CrandparenLs
Medla represenLaLlves
8ellglous leaders
AfLer-school careglvers and coaches
CommunlLy agencles
?ouLh groups
ollcy and declslon-makers
Local CovernmenL represenLaLlves
Local coallLlons and neLworks
1#(-'(52'-#2'.$/#-0'+A'-#2'"#$%&'()&'*+,-#:
UN !"#$%#&'"#("#(&)%(*'+)&,("-(&)%(!)'./(In Ch||d Ir|end|y Language
C
Zdhe UN
Convent|on on the k|ghts of the Ch||d. A|most every country has agreed to these r|ghts. A|| the r|ghts are connected to each
other, and a|| are equa||y |mportant. Somet|mes, we have to th|nk about r|ghts |n terms of what |s the best for ch||dren |n a
s|tuat|on, and what |s cr|t|ca| to ||fe and protect|on from harm. As you grow, you have more respons|b|||ty to make cho|ces
and exerc|se your r|ghts.
Art|c|e 1
Lveryone under 18 has Lhese rlghLs.
Art|c|e 2
All chlldren have Lhese rlghLs, no maLLer who Lhey are, where Lhey
llve, whaL Lhelr parenLs do, whaL language Lhey speak, whaL Lhelr
rellglon ls, wheLher Lhey are a boy or glrl, whaL Lhelr culLure ls,
wheLher Lhey have a dlsablllLy, wheLher Lhey are rlch or poor. no
chlld should be LreaLed unfalrly on any basls.
Art|c|e 3
All adulLs should do whaL ls besL for you. When adulLs make
declslons, Lhey should Lhlnk abouL how Lhelr declslons wlll affecL
chlldren.
Art|c|e 4
1he governmenL has a responslblllLy Lo make sure your rlghLs are
proLecLed. 1hey musL help your famlly Lo proLecL your rlghLs and
creaLe an envlronmenL where you can grow and reach your
poLenLlal.
Art|c|e S
?our famlly has Lhe responslblllLy Lo help you learn Lo exerclse your
rlghLs, and Lo ensure LhaL your rlghLs are proLecLed.
Art|c|e 6
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo be allve.
Art|c|e 7
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo a name, and Lhls should be offlclally
recognlzed by Lhe governmenL. ?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo a naLlonallLy
(Lo belong Lo a counLry).
Art|c|e 8
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo an ldenLlLy an offlclal record of who you are.
no one should Lake Lhls away from you.
Art|c|e 9
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo llve wlLh your parenL(s), unless lL ls bad for
you. ?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo llve wlLh a famlly who cares for you.
Art|c|e 10
lf you llve ln a dlfferenL counLry Lhan your parenLs do, you have Lhe
rlghL Lo be LogeLher ln Lhe same place.
Art|c|e 11
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo be proLecLed from kldnapplng.
Art|c|e 12
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo glve your oplnlon, and for adulLs Lo llsLen and
Lake lL serlously.
Art|c|e 13
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo flnd ouL Lhlngs and share whaL you Lhlnk wlLh
oLhers, by Lalklng, drawlng, wrlLlng or ln any oLher way unless lL
harms or offends oLher people.
Art|c|e 14
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo choose your own rellglon and bellefs. ?our
parenLs should help you declde whaL ls rlghL and wrong, and whaL
ls besL for you.
Art|c|e 1S
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo choose your own frlends and [oln or seL up
Art|c|e 16
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo prlvacy.
Art|c|e 17
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo geL lnformaLlon LhaL ls lmporLanL Lo your well-
belng, from radlo, newspaper, books, compuLers and oLher
sources. AdulLs should make sure LhaL Lhe lnformaLlon you are
geLLlng ls noL harmful, and help you flnd and undersLand Lhe
lnformaLlon you need.
Art|c|e 18
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo be ralsed by your parenL(s) lf posslble.
Art|c|e 19
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo be proLecLed from belng hurL and mlsLreaLed,
ln body or mlnd.
Art|c|e 20
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo speclal care and help lf you cannoL llve wlLh
your parenLs.
Art|c|e 21
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo care and proLecLlon lf you are adopLed or ln
fosLer care.
Art|c|e 22
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo speclal proLecLlon and help lf you are a
refugee (lf you have been forced Lo leave your home and llve ln
anoLher counLry), as well as all Lhe rlghLs ln Lhls ConvenLlon.
Art|c|e 23
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo speclal educaLlon and care lf you have a
dlsablllLy, as well as all Lhe rlghLs ln Lhls ConvenLlon, so LhaL you can
llve a full llfe.
Art|c|e 24
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo Lhe besL healLh care posslble, safe waLer Lo
drlnk, nuLrlLlous food, a clean and safe envlronmenL, and
lnformaLlon Lo help you sLay well.
Art|c|e 2S
lf you llve ln care or ln oLher slLuaLlons away from home, you have
Lhe rlghL Lo have Lhese llvlng arrangemenLs looked aL regularly Lo
see lf Lhey are Lhe mosL approprlaLe.
Art|c|e 26
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo help from Lhe governmenL lf you are poor or
ln need.
Art|c|e 27
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo food, cloLhlng, a safe place Lo llve and Lo have
your baslc needs meL. ?ou should noL be dlsadvanLaged so LhaL you
can'L do many of Lhe Lhlngs oLher klds can do.
Art|c|e 28
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo a good quallLy educaLlon. ?ou should be
encouraged Lo go Lo school Lo Lhe hlghesL level you can.
Art|c|e 29
?our educaLlon should help you use and develop your LalenLs and
ablllLles. lL should also help you learn Lo llve peacefully, proLecL Lhe
envlronmenL and respecL oLher people.
Art|c|e 30
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo pracLlce your own culLure, language and
rellglon - or any you choose. MlnorlLy and lndlgenous groups need
speclal proLecLlon of Lhls rlghL.
Art|c|e 31
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo play and resL.
Art|c|e 32
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo proLecLlon from work LhaL harms you, and ls
bad for your healLh and educaLlon. lf you work, you have Lhe rlghL
Lo be safe and pald falrly.
Art|c|e 33
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo proLecLlon from harmful drugs and from Lhe
drug Lrade.
Art|c|e 34
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo be free from sexual abuse.
Art|c|e 3S
no one ls allowed Lo kldnap or sell you.
Art|c|e 36
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo proLecLlon from any klnd of explolLaLlon
(belng Laken advanLage of).
Art|c|e 37
no one ls allowed Lo punlsh you ln a cruel or harmful way.
Art|c|e 38
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo proLecLlon and freedom from war. Chlldren
under 13 cannoL be forced Lo go lnLo Lhe army or Lake parL ln war.
Art|c|e 39
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo help lf you've been hurL, neglecLed or badly
LreaLed.
Art|c|e 40
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo legal help and falr LreaLmenL ln Lhe [usLlce
sysLem LhaL respecLs your rlghLs.
Art|c|e 41
lf Lhe laws of your counLry provlde beLLer proLecLlon of your rlghLs
Lhan Lhe arLlcles ln Lhls ConvenLlon, Lhose laws should apply.
Art|c|e 42
?ou have Lhe rlghL Lo know your rlghLs! AdulLs should know abouL
Lhese rlghLs and help you learn abouL Lhem, Loo.
Art|c|es 43 to S4
1hese arLlcles explaln how governmenLs and lnLernaLlonal
organlzaLlons llke unlCLl wlll work Lo ensure chlldren are
proLecLed wlLh Lhelr rlghLs.
1hls ls noL an offlclal verslon of Lhe !"#$%#&'"#("#(&)%(*'+)&,("-(&)%(
!)'./. 1he offlclal !"#$%#&'"# can be found onllne aL:
hLLp://www2.ohchr.org/engllsh/law/crc.hLm
!"#$%&'()&'*+,-#!
.$/#-0'()&'12%%!32$)/'45(627+58'
@#2'C,20-$+)0!
1 now d|verse are ch||dren and youth |n New 8runsw|ck? D$=250$-9
2 now we|| are ch||dren and youth express|ng themse|ves |n New
8runsw|ck?
EFG5200$+)
3 - What k|nds of fam|||es and commun|t|es do New 8runsw|ck's ch||dren and
youth ||ve |n?
4(6$%9'()&'
"+66,)$-9
4 - now hea|thy are New 8runsw|ck's ch||dren and youth? H2(%-#
S - now we|| are we promot|ng hea|thy ch||d and youth deve|opment?
H2(%-#9'
D2=2%+G62)-
6 - now we|| are New 8runsw|ck's ch||dren and youth |earn|ng? I2(5)$)/
7 - What factors can affect ch||dren and youth adverse|y? ;&=2502'4(>-+50
8 - now safe and secure are New 8runsw|ck's ch||dren and youth? J(A2-9'()&'J2>,5$-9
9 - now |s New 8runsw|ck perform|ng |n regards to the k|ghts and We||-be|ng
of ch||dren and youth?
J90-26'
<25A+56()>2
!"#$%&'()&'*+,-#!
.$/#-0'()&'12%%!32$)/'45(627+58
K' D$=250$-9
uemographlc lnformaLlon
L' EFG5200$+)
oslLlve sense of expresslon
M' 4(6$%9'()&'"+66,)$-9
lamlly Lconomlc SlLuaLlon arenLal PealLh 8ehavlours lamlly and CommunlLy ConnecLedness Chlldren ln non-arenLal Care
N'! H2(%-#
MorbldlLy ulsablllLy Chlld and ?ouLh PealLh MenLal PealLh unhealLhy WelghL
O' H2(%-#9'D2=2%+G62)-
re and osL naLal Larly Learnlng hyslcal or MenLal PealLh
uenLal PealLh vlslon PealLh Chlldren and ?ouLh ercepLlons of PealLhy Llvlng Chlldren and ?ouLh PealLh 8ehavlours
P' I2(5)$)/
1ranslLlon Lo rlmary School LlLeracy and numeracy Soclal and LmoLlonal uevelopmenL School ConnecLedness
Q' ;&=2502'4(>-+50
1een pregnancy urug use 1obacco use
Alcohol use CLher negaLlve 8ehavlours of Chlldren or ?ouLh
R' J(A2-9'()&'J2>,5$-9
ln[urles Chlld Abuse and neglecL Chlldren as vlcLlms of vlolence
Chlld and ?ouLh who feel safe Soclal AsslsLance ?ouLh Admlsslons Lo CorrecLlonal Servlces
S' J90-26'<25A+56()>2
!"#$%&'()&'*+,-#!
.$/#-0'()&'12%%!32$)/'
45(627+58
A rov|nc|a| o|nt of V|ew
!" #$%"&'()*+)",*)"-.'/&*)0",0&"1$23."'0"4)%"5*20+%'-67"
!"#$%&'(&)*%&#%&#)+(#,*-+)#%.#)+(#$+*/0##1##23)*4/(#56#76#86#96#576#8:
Age or Grade Ma|e Iema|e N8 Canad|an
kank
(N8 to
Canada)
Demograph|c
Informat|on
1 - 1oLal populaLlon (2006, counL) All populaLlon 333,300 374,300 729,997 31,612,897 x
a) 0 Lo 4 years old (2006, of LoLal populaLlon) 0 Lo 4 years old 4.94 4.31 4.72 3.33 8]10
b) 3 Lo 9 years old (2006, of LoLal populaLlon) 3 Lo 9 years old 3.63 3.02 S.33 3.72 7]10
c) 10 Lo 14 years old (2006, of LoLal populaLlon) 10 Lo 14 years old 6.48 3.83 6.16 6.38 8*]10
d) 13 Lo 19 years old (2006, of LoLal populaLlon) 13 Lo 19 years old 6.88 6.20 6.S3 6.77 9]10
e) 0 Lo 19 years old (2006, of LoLal populaLlon) 0 Lo 19 years old 23.94 21.38 22.73 24.42 9]10
f) 20 Lo 64 years old (2006, of LoLal populaLlon) 20 Lo 64 years old 62.98 62.09 62.S2 61.86 4]10
g) 63 and up years old (2006, of LoLal populaLlon) 63 + years old 13.08 16.33 14.7S 13.71 4]10
2 - 1oLal number of census famllles All populaLlon x x 217,790 8,896,840 x
3 - Average number of persons ln a census famlly All populaLlon x x 2.8 2.9 8*]10
4 - ercenLage of populaLlon wlLh Lngllsh as language mosL spoken aL home (2006, ) All populaLlon 68.71 68.64 68.67 63.89 9]10
3 - ercenLage of populaLlon wlLh lrench as language mosL spoken aL home (2006, ) All populaLlon 29.40 29.42 29.41 21.13 2]10
6 - ercenLage of Lhe Aborlglnal ldenLlLy populaLlon who speak an Aborlglnal language mosL ofLen aL home
(2006, )
All populaLlon 8.8 8.3 8.7 11.8 7]13
7 - ercenLage of populaLlon who are lmmlgranLs (2006, ) All populaLlon 3.47 3.83 3.67 19.80 8]10
8 - ercenLage of populaLlon wlLh Aborlglnal ldenLlLy(2006, ) All populaLlon 2.46 2.44 2.4S 3.73 7]10
9 - ercenLage of populaLlon 13 years and over wlLh posLsecondary cerLlflcaLe, dlploma or degree (2006, ) All populaLlon 44.30 44.73 44.63 30.70 7]10
10 - ercenLage of Lhe Aborlglnal ldenLlLy populaLlon 13 years and over wlLh posLsecondary cerLlflcaLe,
dlploma or degree (2006, )
All populaLlon 40.73 38.82 39.72 34.33 3]13
11 - opulaLlon 13 years and over reporLlng hours looklng afLer chlldren wlLhouL pay (2006, ) All populaLlon 32.04 39.20 3S.74 37.31 7]10
12 - 1oLal enrolmenL ln school (2010-2011, counL) k Lo grade 12 33,388 30,833 104,421 x x
a) klndergarLen Lo grade 3 (2010-2011, of LoLal enrolmenL ln school) k Lo grade 3 41.33 42.18 41.41 x x
b) Crade 6 Lo 8 (2010-2011, of LoLal enrolmenL ln school) Crade 6 Lo 8 23.13 22.83 22.91 x x
c) Crade 9 Lo 12 (2010-2011, of LoLal enrolmenL ln school) Crade 9 Lo 12 33.33 34.73 3S.S2 x x
d) 8eLurnlng graduaLes (2010-2011, of LoLal enrolmenL ln school)
8eLurnlng
graduaLes
0.17 0.22 0.16 x x
13 - LnrolmenL ln school by Lngllsh language of lnsLrucLlon (2010-2011, ) k Lo Crade 12 37.81 31.43 S4.71 x x
14 - LnrolmenL ln school by lrench language of lnsLrucLlon (2010-2011, ) k Lo Crade 12 28.21 28.96 28.S8 x x
13 - LnrolmenL ln school by lrench lmmerslon language of lnsLrucLlon (2010-2011, ) k Lo Crade 12 13.98 19.61 16.72 x x
kank|ng for
D|vers|ty:
1 = mosL amounL
10 = leasL amounL
(ouL of Lhe 10
provlnces)
*=AnoLher provlnce
has Lhe same ranklng
x =uaLa unavallable
k = klndergarLen
Legend:
(lncludes all provlnces and
LerrlLorles when daLa ls
avallable -13 maxlmum)
*=AnoLher provlnce has Lhe
same ranklng
x =uaLa unavallable
k = klndergarLen
uolng Well (ranked 1, 2, 3)
Caut|on
Lagg|ng (|ast 3 p|aces)
8" #$%"%)//",*)"-.'/&*)0",0&"1$23.")9:*)++'0;"3.)<+)/()+"'0"4)%"5*20+%'-67"
!"#$%&'(&)*%&#%&#)+(#,*-+)#%.#)+(#$+*/0#$#%&'()*+#,-#.-#/-#0-#1,-#1.-#,2-#.3-#.1-#.,
Age or Grade Ma|e Iema|e
N8
Average
Canad|an
Average
kank
(N8 to
Canada)
os|t|ve
sense of
express|on
1 - ?ouLh who have pro-soclal behavlours [belng helpful, respecLful, LhoughLful, eLc] (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 66 79 73 x x
2 - Chlld who has pro-soclal behavlours [belng helpful, respecLful, LhoughLful, eLc](2010-2011, ) Crade 4 Lo 3 62 79 71 x x
3 - ?ouLh who parLlclpaLe ln sporLs organlzed by Lhe school (2010-2011, ) Crade 12 x x 40.2 x x
4 - ?ouLh who parLlclpaLe ln sporLs noL organlzed by Lhe school (2010-2011, ) Crade 12 x x 4S.6 x x
3 - ?ouLh who parLlclpaLe ln acLlvlLles organlzed by Lhe school (2010-2011, ) Crade 12 x x 41 x x
6 - ?ouLh who parLlclpaLe ln acLlvlLles noL organlzed Lhrough Lhe school (2010-2011, ) Crade 12 x x 27.9 x x
7 - Chlld who usually Lake parL ln physlcal acLlvlLles noL organlzed by school [such as blklng, danclng, sporLs or
games] afLer school (2010-2011, )
Crade 4 Lo 3 69 67 68 x x
8 - Aborlglnal chlld or youLh who plays sporLs one or more Llmes per week (2006, ) 6 Lo 14 years old x x 67 68 4*]7
9 - ?ouLh who have moderaLe Lo hlgh level of auLonomy [cholces] (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 67 74 71 x x
10 - Chlld who has moderaLe Lo hlgh level of auLonomy [cholces] (2010-2011, ) Crade 4 Lo 3 81 84 82 x x
11 - ?ouLh who have moderaLe Lo hlgh level of compeLency (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 73 79 76 x x
12 - Chlld who has moderaLe Lo hlgh level of compeLency (2010-2011, ) Crade 4 Lo 3 73 83 79 x x
13 - ?ouLh who spend 2 hours or less per day ln sedenLary acLlvlLles [waLchlng 1v/movles, vldeo games,
compuLer Llme, messaglng or Lalklng on Lhe phone] (2009-2010, )
Crade 6 Lo 12 33 44 40 x x
14 - Chlld who spends 2 hours or less on screen Llme on mosL days [waLchlng 1v vldeo games, compuLer Llme]
(2010-2011, )
Crade 4 Lo 3 32 46 38 x x
13 - Aborlglnal average number of hours used Lo waLch 1v, vldeos or uvus per day (2006, ) 6 Lo 14 years old x x 2 2.2 1*]7
16 - Aborlglnal average number of hours used Lo play vldeo games per day(2006, ) 6 Lo 14 years old x x 0.8 0.8 2*]7
17 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: WALklnC (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 66.3 82.6 74.4 63.7 x
18 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: !CCClnC C8 8unnlnC (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 31 34.7 S2.8 60.1 x
19 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: 8lC?CLlnC (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 38.9 33.8 47.S 46.3 x
20 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: PCML LxL8ClCLS (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 48.7 43.4 46.1 43.4 x
21 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: SWlMMlnC (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 43.3 48.8 46 43.3 x
22 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: CA8uLnlnC / ?A8u WC8k (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 43.7 23.4 3S.7 31.3 x
23 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: SCCCL8 (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 38.3 30.1 34.3 38.9 x
24 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: CuLA8 / SCClAL uAnCL (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 24.8 43.4 34 28.1 x
23 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: 8ASkL18ALL (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 39.3 27.3 33.4 39.9 x
26 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: vCLLL?8ALL (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 19.9 28.8 24.3 29.3 x
27 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: 8CWLlnC (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 26.4 13.3 21.1 19.1 x
28 - hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: lCL PCCkL? (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 27.2 8.2 17.8 16.4 x
29 -hyslcal acLlvlLy youLh parLlclpaLed ln Lhe lasL 3 monLhs: 8ASL8ALL / SCl18ALL (2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 24.2 11 17.7 16.6 x
30 - ?ouLh employmenL raLe (2010, ) 13 Lo 19 years old x x 41.1 41.1 7]10
31 - ?ouLh who volunLeered ouLslde school wlLhouL belng pald, ln Lhe lasL year, (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 70 82 76 x x
32 - Aborlglnal saLlsfled wlLh how Lhelr school ls preparlng hlm / her Lo make cholces abouL hls/her fuLure
(2006, )
6 Lo 14 years old x x 81 83 6]7
33 - ?ouLh who plan Lo voLe, once Lhey are legally enLlLled Lo, ln munlclpal, provlnclal or federal elecLlons
(2011, )
Crade 12 x x 78.4 x x
="> ?.,3"6'0&+"$@"@,<'/')+",0&"-$<<20'3')+"&$"4)%"5*20+%'-6A+"-.'/&*)0",0&"1$23."/'()"'07"
!"#$%&'(&)*%&#%&#)+(#,*-+)#%.#)+(#$+*/0#1#23)*4/(#76#86#;6#<6#96#=6#576#5>6#7?6#85
N8
Average
Canad|an
Average
kank
(N8 to
Canada)
Iam||y
Lconom|c
S|tuat|on
1 - Llvlng ln low-lncome famlly (under 17 years old) (2006, ) under 17 years old x x 16 17.3 3]10
2 - unemploymenL raLe (2010, ) 13 and over x x 9.3 8 7*]10
3 - no hlgh school dlploma (23 years and older) (2006, ) 23 and over 23.1 19 21 13.4 8]13
4 - Llvlng ln a slngle parenL famlly (2006, ) under 18 years old x x 16.3 13.9 S]13
3 - lamlly recelvlng Soclal AsslsLance or Welfare beneflLs (2010, ouL of all famllles wlLh chlldren aL
home)
All famllles x x S.88 x x
6 - lamlly supporL paymenLs recelved (2009-2010, ) All populaLlon x x 89 83 3]7
7 - Aborlglnal on Soclal AsslsLance or Welfare beneflLs as source of lncome (2006, ) 13 and over x x 10 16
8 - lood lnsecurlLy ln homes wlLh chlldren 0 Lo 3 presenL, moderaLe and severe (2007-2008, ) 0 Lo 3 years old x x S.2
L
4.9 S]13
9 - lood lnsecurlLy ln homes wlLh chlldren 6 Lo 17 presenL, moderaLe and severe (2007-2008, ) 6 Lo 17 years old x x 8.7 3.2 11]13
10 - lood lnsecurlLy ln homes wlLh chlldren less Lhen 18 years old, moderaLe and severe (2007-2008,
)
Less Lhen 18 x x 7.3 3.1 10]13
11 - Pousehold spendlng 30 or more of Lhelr lncome on houslng cosL (2006, ) All populaLlon x x 12.6 17.8 4*]13
arenta| nea|th
8ehav|ours
12 - arenLs who eaL 3 or more frulLs or vegeLables a day (2010-2011, ) arenLs - k Lo 3 x x 47 x x
13 - arenLs who dld noL consume sweeLened non-nuLrlLlous beverages day before (2010-2011, ) arenLs - k Lo 3 x x S4 x x
14 - arenLs belng very physlcally acLlve aL leasL 30 mlnuLes 3 or more Llmes per week
(2010-2011, )
arenLs - k Lo 3 x x S8 x x
13 - arenLs who spend 2 hours or less per day ln sedenLary acLlvlLy [ln fronL of a screen]
(2010-2011, )
arenLs - k Lo 3 x x 90 x x
16 - arenLs who parLlclpaLe ln lelsure acLlvlLles [crafLlng, slnglng, llsLenlng Lo muslc, playlng Lhe
plano, eLc] (2010-2011, )
arenLs - k Lo 3 x x 86 x x
17 - arenLs who say Lhey aLe breakfasL yesLerday wlLh chlldren (2010-2011, ) arenLs - k Lo 3 x x SS x x
19 - arenLs who dld noL eaL aL a fasL food resLauranL ln Lhe lasL week (2010-2011, ) arenLs- k Lo 3 x x 47 x x
20 - AdulLs who waLched 1v more Lhan 13 hours ln Lhe lasL week (2007, ) 20 and over x x 32.4 29.2 10]10
Iam||y and
Commun|ty
Connectedness
21 - ?ouLh sense of belonglng Lo Lhelr communlLy, somewhaL sLrong or very sLrong (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 81.8 82.1 81.9 74.4 4]13
22 - ?ouLh saLlsfacLlon wlLh menLal flLness needs relaLed Lo frlends (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 77 83 81 x x
23 - ?ouLh saLlsfacLlon wlLh menLal flLness needs relaLed Lo famlly (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 70 82 83 x x
Ch||dren |n
Non-arenta|
Care
24 - lamllles recelvlng subsldles for adopLed chlldren wlLh speclal needs (2010-2011, counL) under 18 years old x x 309 x k
23 - lnfanLs placed for adopLlon[publlc adopLlon] (2010-2011, counL) lnfanLs x x <10 x k
26 - rlvaLe adopLlons (2010 2011, counL) under 18 years old x x 31 x x
27 - lnLernaLlonal adopLlons (2010-2011, counL) under 18 years old x x 73 x x
Legend:
same ranklng
x =uaLa unavallable
k = klndergarLen
L = use daLa wlLh cauLlon,
sample slze Loo small
Caut|on
B"> #$%".),/3.1",*)"4)%"5*20+%'-6A+"-.'/&*)0",0&"1$23.7"
!"#$%&'(&)*%&#%&#)+(#,*-+)#%.#)+(#$+*/0#$#%&'()*+#,-#.-#4-#0-#1,-#15-#,4
N8
Average
Canad|an
Average
kank
(N8 to
Canada)
Morb|d|ty
1 - Low blrLh welghL (2003-2007, ) AL blrLh 3.9 3.8 S.S 6 4]13
2 - CongenlLal malformaLlons, deformaLlons and chromosomal abnormallLles (2009, raLe per
100,000)
AL blrLh Under deve|opment w||| be ava||ab|e next year
3 - revalence of dlabeLes (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old x x x 0.4 x
4 - revalence of asLhma (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 13.1 13.6 1S.3 11.3 9]12
3 - revalence of asLhma ln Aborlglnal (2006, ) 6 Lo 14 years old x x 22 14 7]7
6 - Pave a sexually LransmlLLed lnfecLlons - chlamydla raLe (2006-2010, raLe per 100,000) 13 Lo 19 years old 487.3 2,097.1 1,272.9 x x
D|sab|||ty
7 - luncLlonal healLh, good Lo full (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 84.3 80.7 82.6 84.7 6]13
8 - ln[urles ln Lhe pasL 12 monLhs causlng llmlLaLlon of normal acLlvlLles (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 34.3 27.7 31.1 26.3 12]13
9 - Aborlglnal wlLh one or more acLlvlLy llmlLaLlon ofLen (2006, ) 6 Lo 14 years old x x 9 11
L
6*]7
Ch||d and
outh nea|th
10 - See Lhelr healLh as belng very good or excellenL (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 64.3 66.3 64.9 67.7 9]13
11 - Aborlglnal who see Lhelr healLh as belng very good or excellenL (2006, ) 6 Lo 14 years old x x 82 x 2*]7
12 - See Lhelr menLal healLh as belng very good or excellenL (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 69.4 72.8 71.1 76.3 10]13
Menta|
nea|th
13 - Chlldhood/adolescence dlsorder [behavloural and learnlng dlsorders] (2010-2011, cases
admlLLed Lo hosplLal per 10,000)
0 Lo 18 years old 8.46 3.69 7.11 2.10 x
14 - uepresslve eplsode (2010-2011, cases admlLLed Lo hosplLal per 10,000) 0 Lo 18 years old 4.33 9.40 6.81 3.79 x
13 - SLress reacLlon / ad[usLmenL dlsorder (2010-2011, cases admlLLed Lo hosplLal per 10,000) 0 Lo 18 years old 2.70 7.03 4.8S 2.91 x
16 - SchlzoLypal/deluslonal dlsorder (2010-2011, cases admlLLed Lo hosplLal per 10,000) 0 Lo 18 years old 1.33 1.61 1.S7 0.82 x
17 - Mood (affecLlve) dlsorder (2010-2011, cases admlLLed Lo hosplLal per 10,000) 0 Lo 18 years old 0.82 1.86 1.33 0.42 x
18 - AnxleLy dlsorder (2010-2011, cases admlLLed Lo hosplLal per 10,000) 0 Lo 18 years old 1.06 1.36 1.21 0.87 x
19 - LaLlng dlsorder (2010-2011, cases admlLLed Lo hosplLal per 10,000) 0 Lo 18 years old 0.33 1.61 0.96 0.77 x
20 - 8aLe of hosplLallzed cases for menLal dlseases and dlsorders (2010-2011, cases admlLLed Lo
hosplLal per 10,000)
0 Lo 18 years old 26.43 33.73 30.97 13.37 x
Unhea|thy
we|ght
21 - ?ouLh wlLh unhealLhy welghL (overwelghL and obese) (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 23 20 23 x x
22 - ?ouLh who conslder Lhemselves overwelghL (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 3.3 20.3 12.8 11.6 x
23 - Chlld wlLh unhealLhy welghL (overwelghL and obese) (2010-2011, ) Crade k Lo 3 33 38 36 x x
24 - ?ouLh wlLh unhealLhy welghL (underwelghL) (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 8 7 7 x x
23 - ?ouLh who conslder Lhemselves underwelghL (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 12.4 1.3 7.1 6.7 x
26 - Chlld wlLh unhealLhy welghL (underwelghL) (2010-2011, ) Crade k Lo 3 9 13 11 x x
Legend:
same ranklng
x =uaLa unavallable
k = klndergarLen
Caut|on
C"> #$%"%)//",*)"%)":*$<$3'0;".),/3.1"-.'/&",0&"1$23."&)()/$:<)037
!"#$%&'(&)*%&#%&#)+(#,*-+)#%.#)+(#$+*/0#$#%&'()*+#,-#.-#4-#0-#1,-#,4-#.1
N8
Average
Canad|an
Average
kank
(N8 to
Canada)
re and ost
nata|
1 - LxpecLanL moLher recelvlng prenaLal beneflLs (2010, of llve blrLhs)
All expecLanL
moLher
0 20.01 20.01 x x
2 - unlversal newborn and lnfanL hearlng screenlng (2009-2010, ) newborn and lnfanL x x 87.8 x x
3 - 8reasLfeedlng lnlLlaLlon (2009-2010, ) 12 and up x 82 82 87.4 9]13
4 - roporLlon of lnfanLs excluslvely breasLfed aL 6 monLhs (2009-2010, ) 12 and up x 18.7
L
18.7
L
26.2 10]12
3 - roporLlon of klndergarLen chlldren meeLlng lmmunlzaLlon requlremenLs (2009-2010, ) k x x 91.4 x x
Lar|y Learn|ng
6 - 1oLal approved avallable chlld care spaces (2010-2011, counL) Chlld ln chlldcare x x 20,319 x x
7 - Larly lnLervenLlon servlces (2010-2011. monLhly average) Larly chlldhood x x 1,774 x x
hys|ca| or
Menta| nea|th
8 - ?ouLh who had a medlcal docLor vlslL wlLhln Lhe lasL year (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 66.3 74.6 70.3 70.9 7]13
9 - ?ouLh who seen or Lalked Lo a healLh professlonal abouL emoLlonal or menLal healLh wlLhln
Lhe lasL year (2009-2010, )
12 Lo 19 years old 3.1 17.2 11.1 3.6 x
10 - ?ouLh who have moderaLe Lo hlgh level of menLal flLness [havlng a poslLlve sense of how
Lhey feel, Lhlnk and acL] (2009-2010, )
Crade 6 Lo 12 84 89 87 x x
11 - Chlld who has moderaLe Lo hlgh level of menLal flLness [havlng a poslLlve sense of how Lhey
feel, Lhlnk and acL] (2010-2011, )
Crade 4 Lo 3 77 84 80 x x
Denta| nea|th
12 - ?ouLh who vlslL a denLal professlonal wlLhln Lhe lasL year (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 83.2 81.9 83.9 82.0 x
13 - Aborlglnal who had a vlslL wlLh a denLal professlonal wlLhln Lhe lasL year (2009-2010. ) 6 Lo 14 years old x x 78 71 S*]7
V|s|on nea|th 14 - ?ouLh seen or Lalked Lo an eye professlonal wlLhln Lhe lasL year (2009-2010,) 12 Lo 19 years old 38.3 46.8 42.S 43.3 x
Ch||dren and
outh
ercept|ons of
nea|thy L|v|ng
13 - 1eachers show a poslLlve aLLlLude Lowards healLhy llvlng (2010, ) Crade 12 71.3 73.7 72.S x x
16 - School promoLed healLhy eaLlng by provldlng easy access Lo healLhy food and snacks
(2010-2011, )
17 - PealLhy food cholces noLlced by youLhs ln schools [aL sporLlng or oLher evenLs, for
fundralslng, ln Lhe canLeen / cafeLerla, lower prlces for healLhler foods, eLc] (2009-2010, )
Crade 6 Lo 12 36 63 61 x x
18 - hyslcal acLlvlLy of parenLs, as reporLed by a youLh [aL leasL 3 Llmes ln Lhe lasL week]
(2009-2010,)
Crade 6 Lo 12 40 44 42 x x
19 - arenL ls physlcally acLlve, as reporLed by chlld (2010-2011,) arenLs - k Lo 3 x x 6S x x
20 - Chlld who aLe dlnner wlLh parenL day before survey (2010-2011, ) Crade 4 Lo 3 73 79 77 x x
Ch||dren and
outh nea|th
8ehav|ours
21 - ?ouLh walklng and blcycllng LhaL ls done only as a way of geLLlng Lo and from work or school
(2009-2010, )
12 Lo 19 years old 30 30.3 30.1 32.7 x
22 - ?ouLh who spend aL leasL 90 mlnuLes a day ln a comblnaLlon of moderaLe and hard physlcal
acLlvlLy (2009-2010, )
Crade 6 Lo 12 48 33 40 x x
23 - Chlld who ls very physlcally acLlve for aL leasL 30 mlnuLes 3 or more Llmes per week
(2010-2011, )
Crade 4 Lo 3 80 79 80 x x
24 - ?ouLh who eaL breakfasL dally(2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 43 32 41 x x
23 - Chlld who eaL breakfasL dally(2010-2011, ) Crade 4 Lo 3 68 72 70 x x
26 - ?ouLh who eaL 3 or more frulLs or vegeLables a day [noL lncludlng [ulces] (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 24 23 24 x x
27 - Chlld who eaLs 3 or more frulLs or vegeLable a day [noL lncludlng [ulces] (2010-2011, ) Crade 4 Lo 3 47 33 S0 x x
28 - ?ouLh who sleep more Lhan 8 hours a nlghL (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 30 32 S2 x x
29 - ?ouLh who has never Lrled smoklng (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 34 64 60 x x
Legend:
same ranklng
x =uaLa unavallable
k = klndergarLen
L = use daLa wlLh cauLlon,
sample slze Loo small
Caut|on
Caut|on
D"> #$%"%)//",*)"4)%"5*20+%'-6A+"-.'/&*)0",0&"1$23."/),*0'0;7
!"#$%&'(&)*%&#%&#)+(#,*-+)#%.#)+(#$+*/0#$#%&'()*+#,-#.-#4-#0-#1,-#,.-#,5-#,2-#.1
N8
Average
Canad|an
Average
kank
(N8 to
Canada)
1rans|t|on to
pr|mary schoo|
1 - Aborlglnal who aLLended an early chlldhood developmenL or preschool program (2007,) 6 Lo 14 years old x x 68 62 1*]7
L|teracy and
Numeracy
2 - ercenLage of sLudenLs havlng achleved an approprlaLe or sLrong performance on sllenL readlng
assessmenL ln Crade 2 lrancophone secLor only (2010, )
Crade 2 l:71 l:78 I:74 x x
3 - ercenLage of sLudenLs havlng achleved an approprlaLe or sLrong performance on oral readlng
Crade 2 l:72 l:82 I:77 x x
4 - ercenLage of sLudenLs havlng achleved an approprlaLe or sLrong performance on a readlng
comprehenslon assessmenL ln Crade 2 Anglophone secLor only (2010, )
Crade 2 A:76 A:83 A:80 x x
3 - ercenLage of sLudenLs havlng achleved an approprlaLe or sLrong performance on a wrlLlng assessmenL
ln Crade 2 Anglophone secLor only (2010, )
Crade 2 A:61 A:76 A:69 x x
6 - ercenLage of sLudenLs havlng achleved an approprlaLe or sLrong performance on sllenL readlng
Crade 4 l:33 l:67 I:60 x x
7 - ercenLage of sLudenLs havlng achleved an approprlaLe or sLrong performance on a readlng
comprehenslon assessmenL ln Crade 4 Anglophone secLor only (2010, )
Crade 4 A:77 A:84 A:81 x x
8 - rovlnclal exam average lrancophone secLor only, Sclences and 1echnologles assessmenL Crade 3
(2010, )
Crade 3 l:62 l:63 I:62 x x
9 - rovlnclal exam average by secLor, MaLh assessmenL Crade 3 (2010, ) Crade 3 A:39 l:70 A:62 l:72 A:61 I:71 x x
10 - rovlnclal exam average Anglophone secLor only, Lngllsh readlng comprehenslon assessmenL Crade
7 (2010, )
Crade 7 A:66 A:74 A:70 x x
11 - rovlnclal exam average lrancophone secLor only, Sclences and 1echnologles assessmenL Crade 8
(2010, )
Crade 8 l:66 l:66 I:66 x x
12 - rovlnclal exam average by secLor, MaLh assessmenL Crade 8 (2010, ) Crade 8 A:38 l:69 A:37 l:71
A:S8
I:70
x x
13 - rovlnclal exam average lrancophone secLor only, lrench assessmenL Crade 8 (2010, ) Crade 8 l:61 l:67 I:64 x x
14 - rovlnclal exam average Anglophone secLor only, Lngllsh readlng comprehenslon assessmenL Crade 9
(2010, )
Crade 9 A:67 A:78 A:73 x x
13 - rovlnclal exam average Anglophone secLor only, Lngllsh wrlLlng assessmenL Crade 9(2010, ) Crade 9 A:72 A:87 A:79 x x
16 - ercenLage sLudenLs performlng aL lnLermedlaLe level or hlgher on Lngllsh as a Second Language or
lrench as a Second Language - Cral roflclency AssessmenL (2009-2010, )
Crade 10 x x A:33 I:70 x x
17 - rovlnclal exam average lrancophone secLor only, lrench assessmenL Crade 11 (2010, ) Crade 11 l:39 l:63 I:61 x x
18 - rovlnclal exam average lrancophone secLor only, MaLh assessmenL Crade 11 (2010, ) Crade 11 l:67 l:66 I:66 x x
Soc|a| and
Lmot|ona|
Deve|opment
19 - ?ouLh saLlsfled or very saLlsfled wlLh llfe (2009-2010, )
12 Lo 19 years
old
93.6 96.7 93.1 96.6 S*]13
20 - ?ouLh saLlsfled wlLh menLal flLness needs relaLed Lo school (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 73 84 80 x x
21 - Aborlglnal saLlsfled wlLh Lhe avallablllLy of exLracurrlcular acLlvlLles aL hls/her school (2007, ) 6 Lo 14 years old x x 72 74 6]7
22 - Chlld recelvlng speclal needs servlces [lncludlng lnLegraLed uay Care Servlces and Lnhanced SupporL
Worker] (2010-2011, counL)
Larly chlldhood x x 474 x x
23 - ?ouLh who feel respecLed aL school (2011, ) Crade 12 x x 83 x x
Schoo|
Connectedness
24 - ?ouLh feel connecLed Lo Lhelr school (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 80 86 83 x x
23 - Chlld feels connecLed Lo Lhelr school (2010- 2011, ) Crade 4 Lo 3 80 87 83 x x
26 - Aborlglnal chlld ls happy aL hls/her school (2007, ) 6 Lo 14 years old x x 86 91 7]7
Legend:
same ranklng
x =uaLa unavallable
k = klndergarLen
A : Anglophone School SecLor
l : lrancophone School SecLor
E"> ?.,3"@,-3$*+"-,0",@@)-3"-.'/&*)0",0&"1$23.",&()*+)/17
!"#$%&'(&)*%&#%&#)+(#,*-+)#%.#)+(#$+*/0#$#%&'()*+#,-#.-#0-#1,-#16-#15-#,2-#..
N8
Average
Canad|an
Average
kank
(N8 to
Canada)
1een pregnancy
1 - 1een pregnancy raLe (2009, raLe per 1,000 females) 13 Lo 19 years old -- 23.9 2S.9 x x
2 - 1eens who gave blrLh (2008, crude blrLh raLe 1,000 females) 13 Lo 19 years old -- 20.8 20.8 14.3 7]13
Drug Use 3 - ?ouLh who have used marl[uana wlLhln Lhe lasL year (2007, ) Crade 7, 9, 10, 12 27 23.4 2S.1 x x
1obacco use
4 - ?ouLh who have smoked ln Lhe lasL 30 days (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 14 10 12 x x
3 - ?ouLh who have a famlly member [parenL, sLep-parenL, guardlan, broLher or slsLer] who
smokes (2009-2010, )
Crade 6 Lo 12 73 76 76 x x
6 - ?ouLh come ln conLacL wlLh second-hand smoke aL home (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 24 22 23 x x
7 - Chlld who llves wlLh people who smoke or use Lobacco (2010-2011, ) Crade 4 Lo 3 31 30 31 x x
8 - eople are allowed Lo smoke lnslde home as reporLed by parenL (2010-2011, ) arenLs - k Lo 3 x x S x x
9 - ?ouLh come ln conLacL wlLh second-hand smoke ln Lhe pasL week ln a vehlcle
(2009-2010, )
Crade 6 Lo 12 33 31 32 x x
A|coho| use 10 - ?ouLh heavy drlnklng (geLLlng drunk) ln Lhe lasL 30 days (2007, ) Crade 7, 9, 10, 12 24.3 23.3 23.9 23.8 1 ]4
Cther
Negat|ve
8ehav|ours of
ch||dren or
youth
11 - ?ouLh who consume sweeLened non-nuLrlLlous beverages (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 68 36 61 x x
12 - Chlld who consumes any sweeLened non-nuLrlLlous beverages yesLerday (2010-2011. ) Crade 4 Lo 3 60 32 S7 x x
13 - ?ouLh have hlgh levels of opposlLlonal behavlours [belng deflanL, dlsrespecLful, rude, eLc.]
(2009-2010, )
Crade 6 Lo 12 18 13 16 x x
14 - Chlld has hlgh levels of opposlLlonal behavlours [belng deflanL, dlsrespecLful, rude, eLc.]
(2010-2011, )
Crade k4Lo 3 27 16 22 x x
13 - ?ouLh who always wear a helmeL when uslng a blcycle (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 43.3 46.6 46 31.2 S]12
16 - ?ouLh who use proLecLlve mouLh equlpmenL (for hockey) or proLecLlve head gear [for
skaLlng, rollerbladlng, downhlll skllng, or snowboardlng] (2009-2010, )
12 Lo 19 years old 14.69 7.29 11.04 11.81 x
17 - ?ouLh who have been a passenger wlLh an lmpalred drlver wlLhln Lhe lasL year (2007, ) Crade 7, 9, 10, 12 18.7 21.2 19.8 18.9 4]4
18 - ?ouLh safe sex - Lhose LhaL engaged ln sexual acLlvlLy and used a condom (2007, ) Crade 7, 9, 10, 12 66.3 39.6 62.6 61.3 1 ]4
19 - vlolenL crlme done by youLh (2010, raLe of 100,000 youLh populaLlon) 12 Lo 17 years old x x 2,606 1,838 7]13
20 - roperLy crlme done by youLh (2010, raLe of 100,000 youLh populaLlon) 12 Lo 17 years old x x 4,372 3,133 7]13
Legend:
x =uaLa unavallable
k = klndergarLen
Caut|on
F"> #$%"+,@)",0&"+)-2*)",*)"4)%"5*20+%'-6A+"-.'/&*)0",0&"1$23.7
!"#$%&'(&)*%&#%&#)+(#,*-+)#%.#)+(#$+*/0#$#%&'()*+# ,-#.-#0-#1,-#12-#,3-#,.-#,0-#.,-#.6-#.2-#43
N8
Average
Canad|an
Average
kank
(N8 to
Canada)
In[ur|es
1 - Chlld and youLh raLe of hosplLallzed cases for ln[urles (2008-2009, cases admlLLed Lo
hosplLal per 10,000)
0 Lo 19 years old x x 41.4 23.8 x
2 - Age-ad[usLed raLe of A1v ln[urles (2009-2010, raLe per 100,000 populaLlon) All populaLlon x x 17.8 10.3 8]11
3 - Age-ad[usLed raLe of cycllng ln[urles (2009-2010, raLe per 100,000 populaLlon) All populaLlon x x 12.6 13.6 8]13
4 - number of new 8runswlck Leen workers aged 13-19 who suffered a workplace accldenL
(2010, counL)
13 Lo 19 years old 307 97 404 x x
3 - 8aLe of new 8runswlck Leen workers aged 13-19 who suffered a workplace accldenL
(2010, raLe per 1,000 youLh employed)
13 Lo 19 years old x x 2.13 x x
Ch||d abuse and
neg|ect
6 - Chlld under 16 recelvlng chlld proLecLlon servlces (Cn March 31, 2011, raLe per 1,000) under 16 years old x x 21.7 x x
Ch||dren as v|ct|ms
of v|o|ence
7 - Chlld seeklng refuge ln LranslLlon houslng (2010-2011, raLe per 1,000) 0 Lo 19 years old x x 3.23 x x
8 - Chlld lnvolved ln Chlld WlLnesses of lamlly vlolence rogram (2010-2011, raLe per 1,000) 0 Lo 19 years old x x 3.78 x x
Ch||dren and outh
who fee| safe
9 - ?ouLh who have never been bullled (2009-2010, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 41 30 3S x x
10 - Chlld who feels safe aL school (2010-2011, ) Crade 4 Lo 3 84 90 87 x x
11 - Chlld who feels comforLable Lalklng Lo an adulL aL school abouL bullylng (2010-2011, ) Crade 4 Lo 3 82 83 83 x x
12 - SLudenLs wlLh speclal needs who feel safe Anglophone secLor Cnly (2008-2009, ) Crade 6 Lo 12 x x 72.S x x
Soc|a| Ass|stance
13 - ?ouLh (16 Lo 18 years old) recelvlng soclal asslsLance money (March 2011, of LoLal
youLh 16 Lo 18 years old)
16 Lo 18 years old 0.37 0.96 0.6S x x
outh Adm|ss|ons
to Correct|ona|
Serv|ces
14 - ?ouLh - 1oLal correcLlonal servlces (2008-2009, acLual counL) 12 Lo 17 years old 1,347 369 1,716 x x
a) ?ouLh - pre-Lrlal deLenLlon (2008-2009, of youLh - LoLal correcLlonal servlces) 12 Lo 17 years old 13.6 13.2 18.8 x x
b) ?ouLh - provlnclal dlrecLor remand (2008-2009, of youLh-LoLal correcLlonal servlces) 12 Lo 17 years old 4.0 3.2 S.3 x x
c) ?ouLh - LoLal secure cusLody (2008-2009, of youLh - LoLal correcLlonal servlces) 12 Lo 17 years old 7.6 7.6 S.9 x x
d) ?ouLh - LoLal open cusLody (2008-2009, of youLh - LoLal correcLlonal servlces) 12 Lo 17 years old 7.7 4.3 4.4 x x
e) ?ouLh - LoLal communlLy senLences (2008-2009, of youLh-LoLal correcLlonal servlces) 12 Lo 17 years old 63.0 67.3 6S.6 x x
13 - Aborlglnal youLh - LoLal correcLlonal servlces (2008-2009, acLual counL) 12 Lo 17 years old 76 29 10S x x
a) Aborlglnal youLh - pre-Lrlal deLenLlon (2008-2009, of Aborlglnal - LoLal correcLlonal
servlces)
12 Lo 17 years old 29.3 23.9 2S.7 x x
b) Aborlglnal youLh - provlnclal dlrecLor remand (2008-2009, of Aborlglnal - LoLal
correcLlonal servlces)
12 Lo 17 years old 1.3 2.6 3.8 x x
c) Aborlglnal youLh -LoLal secure cusLody (2008-2009, of Aborlglnal - LoLal correcLlonal
servlces)
12 Lo 17 years old 9.0 9.4 7.6 x x
d) Aborlglnal youLh - LoLal open cusLody (2008-2009, of Aborlglnal - LoLal correcLlonal
servlces)
12 Lo 17 years old 3.1 7.7 8.6 x x
e) Aborlglnal youLh - LoLal communlLy senLences (2008-2009, of Aborlglnal - LoLal
correcLlonal servlces)
12 Lo 17 years old 33.1 36.4 S4.3 x x
16 - ?ouLh lncarceraLlon raLe (2009, raLe per 10,000 young persons) 12 Lo 17 years old x x 10.S x 8]12
17 - ?ouLh probaLlon raLe (2009, raLe per 10,000 young persons) 12 Lo 17 years old x x 9S.6 x S]11
Legend:
x =uaLa unavallable
k = klndergarLen
Caut|on
G"> #$%"'+"4)%"5*20+%'-6":)*@$*<'0;"'0"*);,*&+"3$"3.)"H';.3+",0&"?)//>I)'0;"$@""-.'/&*)0",0&"1$23.7"
!"#$%&'(&)*%&#%&#)+(#,*-+)#%.#)+(#$+*/0#$#%&'()*+#,-#.-#0-#1,-#,4-#,5-#,2-#.,-#43-#41
Age or Crade Male lemale N8 Average
Canadlan
Average
8ank
(n8 Lo
Canada)
1 - Llfe expecLancy (2006-2008, years) AL blrLh 77.6 82.7 80.2 80.9 S*]11
2 - Sudden lnfanL ueaLh Syndrome (SuS) (2009, raLe per 100,000) 0 Lo 1 year old 0.6 0.3 0.4S x x
3 - lnfanL morLallLy raLe (2003-2007, raLe per 1,000) 0 Lo 1 year old x x 4.1 3.0 3]13
4 - Chlld and youLh premaLure deaLhs from cancer (2003-2009, years of llfe losL, raLe per 10,000) 0 Lo 19 years old 17.62 22.74 19.98 x x
3 - Chlld and youLh premaLure deaLhs from ln[urles (2003-2009, years of llfe losL, raLe per 10,000) 0 Lo 19 years old 93.00 31.26 73.70 x x
6 - Chlld and youLh premaLure deaLhs due Lo sulcldes / self-lnfllcLed ln[urles (2003-2009, years of llfe losL, raLe per 10,000) 0 Lo 19 years old 29.94 10.14 20.30 x x
7 - klndergarLen school-readlness, by secLors (2008-2009, ) re k Lo k x x A: 79.7 I: 82.2 x x
8 - ?ouLh has a regular medlcal docLor (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 94.8 93.6 9S.2 84.9 2]13
9 - ?ouLh psychologlcal well-belng score (2009-2010, ) 12 Lo 19 years old 77.7 79.4 78.9 x x
10 - ?ouLh who feel Lhelr school has provlded Lhem wlLh opporLunlLles Lo parLlclpaLe ln exerclse or physlcal acLlvlLy oLher
Lhan phys. ed. class (2010-2011, )
Crade 12 x x 77.S x x
11 - ?ouLh who feel Lhey had opporLunlLles ln hlgh school Lo parLlclpaLe ln culLural acLlvlLles organlzed Lhrough school
(2010-2011, )
12 - ?ouLh who feel Lhey had opporLunlLles ln hlgh school Lo parLlclpaLe ln culLural acLlvlLles separaLe from school (2010-
2011, )
13 - ?ouLh who feel Lhelr school has helped Lhem develop poslLlve aLLlLudes Lowards physlcal acLlvlLy (2010-2011, ) Crade 12 x x 68.S x x
14 - ?ouLh who feel Lhelr school has helped Lhem Lo develop poslLlve aLLlLudes Lowards healLhy llvlng and acLlve llvlng
(2010-2011, )
13 - ?ouLh who had Lhe opporLunlLles ln hlgh school Lo parLlclpaLe ln elecLlve courses LhaL Lhey were lnLeresLed ln and
passlonaLe (2010-2011, )
16 - ?ouLh who had Lhe opporLunlLles ln hlgh school Lo Lake courses ln Lhe skllled Lrades (2010-2011, ) Crade 12 x x S7.4 x x
17 - ?ouLh who had Lhe opporLunlLles ln hlgh school Lo Lake courses ln Lhe flne arLs (2010-2011, ) Crade 12 x x 76.7 x x
18 - ?ouLh who had Lhe opporLunlLles ln hlgh school Lo parLlclpaLe ln career relaLed learnlng experlences (2010-2011,) Crade 12 x x 64.2 x x
19 ?ouLh plannlng Lo begln sLudles aL a college or unlverslLy afLer hlgh school graduaLlon, (2011, ) Crade 12 x x 78.9 x x
20 - School drop ouL (2009-2010, ) Crade 7 Lo 12 2.2 1.8 2.0 x x
21 - School drop ouL by secLor(2009-2010, ) Crade 7 Lo 12
A :2.2
l: 2.2
A:2.0
l:1.3
A:2.1 I:1.7 x x
22 - 20 Lo 24 year-olds wlLhouL a hlgh school dlploma and noL ln school (2007-2010, ) 20 Lo 24 years old x x 8.1 8.9 4]10
23 - ?ouLh crlme severlLy lndex (2010, lndex) 12 Lo 17 years old x x 97.6 90.3 6]13
24 - ?ouLh vlolenL crlme severlLy lndex (2010, lndex) 12 Lo 17 years old x x 68.7 93.7 3]13
23 - ?ouLh non-vlolenL crlme severlLy lndex (2010, lndex) 12 Lo 17 years old x x 119.S 88.0 7]13
26 - 1oLal youLh crlme raLe (2010, raLe per 100,000) 12 Lo 17 years old x x 8,208 6,147 7]13
27 - lood lnsecurlLy aL home, moderaLe and severe (wlLh or wlLhouL chlldren presenL) (2007-2008, ) 12 and over 7.2 10.1 8.7 7.1 8*]10
28 - LmploymenL raLe by Lhose 13 and up wlLh less Lhen grade 9 (2009, ) 13 and over x x 20 20 x
29 - LmploymenL raLe by Lhose 13 and up wlLh some hlgh school (2009, ) 13 and over x x 41.2 39.3 x
30 - LmploymenL raLe by Lhose 13 and up wlLh hlgh school dlploma (2009, ) 13 and over x x 61.8 62.8 x
31 - LmploymenL raLe by Lhose 13 and up wlLh elLher a posL-secondary cerLlflcaLe, dlploma or degree (2009, ) 13 and over x x 73.S 73.3 x
32 ercenLage of servlce dellvery done wlLhln 30 days (from referral Lo flrsL vlslL )for chlld and youLh menLal lllness (2010-
2011, )
All populaLlon x x 44.8 x x
Legend:
same ranklng
x =uaLa unavallable
k = klndergarLen
A:Anglophone School SecLor
l:lrancophone School SecLor
Caut|on
!"#$%&'()&'*+,-#!
.$/#-0'()&'12%%!32$)/'
45(627+58
Data Sources and rov|ders
!"#"$%&'()*%$+&($#,*$+("-*.&(/0$$
$

A - ubllc PealLh Agency of Canada, !"#$%&'$'()*+',%-'#.$"/ (2011), [onllne], from < hLLp://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/deLermlnanLs/lndex-eng.php >.
8 - unlCLl, ConvenLlon on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld (2011), [onllne], from < hLLp://www.unlcef-lrc.org/porLfollos/crc.hLml >.
C - unlCLl Canada, 1he ConvenLlon on Lhe 8lghLs of Lhe Chlld ln Chlld lrlendly Language, [onllne], <
hLLp://globalclassroom.unlcef.ca/pdf/1he_ConvenLlon_ln_Chlld_lrlendly_Language.pdf >.

1 now d|verse are ch||dren and youth |n New 8runsw|ck?
DIVLkIS1

1. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 0112%34))5+*$6%7(48*.',9%0112%3'+,5,9%3#$#.4:5'%+4;%<0=><?=@!A, (2006), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
6. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 0112%BC4(*:*+#.%74D5.#$*4+%7(48*.'9%3#$#.4:5'%+4;%<0=><E=@!A, (2006), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
10. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 0112%BC4(*:*+#.%74D5.#$*4+%7(48*.'9%3#$#.4:5'%+4;%<0=><E=@!A, (2006), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
12. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of LducaLlon and Larly Chlldhood uevelopmenL, AF5G#$*4+%45$.*+'%H5+'%01??, (2011), [onllne], from <www.gnb.ca >.

2 now we|| are ch||dren and youth express|ng themse|ves |n New 8runsw|ck?
LkkLSSICN

1. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of Wellness, CulLure and SporL, I$5F'+$%!'..+',,%I5(J'6%K(#F'%2%$4%?09%011<=01?1%[2009-2010].
2. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of Wellness, CulLure and SporL, I$5F'+$%!'..+',,%I5(J'6%L*+F'(:#($'+%$4%K(#F'%>9%01?1=01??%[2010-2011].
3. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of LducaLlon and Larly Chlldhood uevelopmenL, 2011 Crade 12 LxlL Survey tzD(2010-2011).
8. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, Aborlglnal eoples Survey, 2006%7(48*.'%48%BC4(*:*+#.%3"*.F('+9%M45$"%#+F%BF5.$, (2006), onllne, from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
14. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of Wellness, CulLure and SporL, I$5F'+$%!'..+',,%I5(J'6%L*+F'(:#($'+%$4%%K(#F'%>9%01?1=01??%[2010-2011].
17. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3#+#F*#+%34))5+*$6%-'#.$"%I5(J'6%011<=01?1, provlded by Lhe CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of PealLh.
29. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3#+#F*#+%34))5+*$6%-'#.$"%I5(J'6%011<=01?19 provlded by Lhe CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of PealLh.
30. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, N#C45(%O4(G'%I5(J'6 (2010).

3 - What k|nd of fam|||es and commun|t|es do New 8runsw|ck's ch||dren and youth ||ve |n?
IAMIL AND CCMMUNI1

1. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?1<=1S119%0112%3'+,5, (2006), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
2. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?1<=>S0E9%0112%3'+,5, (2006), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
3. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of Soclal uevelopmenL.
6. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, Canadlan CenLre for !usLlce SLaLlsLlcs, I5(J'6%48%R#*+$'+#+G'%A+84(G')'+$%7(4:(#),%011<=01?1 (2009-2010) [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
7. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, Aborlglnal eoples Survey, 0112%BC4(*:*+#.%74D5.#$*4+%7(48*.'9%3#$#.4:5'%+4;%<0=><>=@!A;%(2006), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
8. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?1>=1>E29%3#+#F*#+%34))5+*$6%-'#.$"%I5(J'6 (2007-2008), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
11. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?1<=1S119%0112%3'+,5, (2006), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
12. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of Wellness, CulLure and SporL, I$5F'+$%!'..+',,%I5(J'6%L*+F'(:#($'+%$4%K(#F'%>%%O#)*.6%!'..+',,%I5(J'69%01?1=01??.
20. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3#+#F*#+%34))5+*$6%-'#.$"%I5(J'6 (2007), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
21. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?1>=1>1?9%3#+#F*#+%34))5+*$6%-'#.$"%I5(J'6 (2009-2010), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.

4 ,E
nLAL1n

1. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?10=ES1S9%T*$#.%I$#$*,$*G,%%U*($"%&#$#C#,' (2003-2007), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
2. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of PealLh.
3. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, Aborlglnal eoples Survey, 0112%BC4(*:*+#.%74D5.#$*4+%7(48*.'9%3#$#.4:5'%+4;%<0=><>=@!A;%(2006), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
6. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of PealLh, Cfflce of Lhe Chlef Medlcal Cfflcer of PealLh.
9. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 0112%7(48*.'%48%BC4(*:*+#.%3"*.F('+9%M45$"%#+F%BF5.$,%%BC4(*:*+#.%74D5.#$*4+9%BC4(*:*+#.%7'4D.',%I5(J'6%(2006), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
13. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of PealLh, uAu.

S now we|| are we promot|ng hea|thy ch||dren and youth deve|opment?
nLAL1n DLVLLCMLN1

1. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of LducaLlon and Larly Chlldhood uevelopmenL.
2. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of PealLh, uAu / 3M / APlM.
3. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?1>=1>109%3#+#F*#+%34))5+*$6%-'#.$"%I5(J'6 (2009-2010), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
4. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?1>=1>109%3#+#F*#+%34))5+*$6%-'#.$"%I5(J'6 (2009-2010), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.

6 ,E
LLAkNING


7 What factors can affect ch||dren and youth adverse|y?
ADVLkSL IAC1CkS

2. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?10=E>1>9%T*$#.%I$#$*,$*G,%%U*($"%&#$#C#,' (2008), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
3. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of PealLh, I$5F'+$%&(5:%V,'%I5(J'6%*+%$"'%B$.#+$*G%7(4J*+G',%011W9%&'D#($)'+$%48%34))5+*$6%-'#.$"%#+F%AD*F*4)*4.4:69%
&#."45,*'%V+*J'(,*$6%(2007).
&#."45,*'%V+*J'(,*$6%(2007).
&#."45,*'%V+*J'(,*$6%(2007).
&#."45,*'%V+*J'(,*$6%(2007).
19. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, Canadlan CenLre for !usLlce SLaLlsLlcs: unlform Crlme 8eporLlng Survey, 2010 (2010), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
20. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, Canadlan CenLre for !usLlce SLaLlsLlcs: unlform Crlme 8eporLlng Survey, 2010 (2010), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.

8 ,E
SAIL1 AND SLCUkI1

1. Canadlan lnsLlLuLe of PealLh lnformaLlon, P#$*4+#.%X(#5)#%Y':*,$(6%R*+*)5)%&#$#,'$9%011Z=011<.
2. Canadlan lnsLlLuLe of PealLh lnformaLlon, P#$*4+#.%X(#5)#%Y':*,$(6%R*+*)5)%&#$#,'$9%011Z=011<;
3. Canadlan lnsLlLuLe of PealLh lnformaLlon, P#$*4+#.%X(#5)#%Y':*,$(6%R*+*)5)%&#$#,'$9%01??;
4. Worksafen8, ulvlslonal SupporL Servlces.
3. Worksafen8, ulvlslonal SupporL Servlces.
14. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, ?ouLh cusLody and communlLy servlces ln Canada, Canadlan CenLre for !usLlce SLaLlsLlcs provlded by Lhe CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL
of llnance.
of llnance.
of llnance.
of llnance.

9 now |s New 8runsw|ck perform|ng |n regards to the k|ghts and we||-be|ng of ch||dren and youth?
SS1LM LkICkMANCL

1. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?10=ES1W9%(2003-2007), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
2. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, vlLal SLaLlsLlcs (2009), [onllne], from < hLLp://www.snb.ca/e/1000/1000-01/e/annual2009-e.asp >.
3. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?10=11S19%T*$#.%I$#$*,$*G,%%U*($"%&#$#C#,' (2008), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
4. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, vlLal SLaLlsLlcs 2003-2009.
10. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of LducaLlon and Larly Chlldhood uevelopmenL, 2011 Crade 12 LxlL Survey t4+%M45(%R*+F/%(2010-2011).
22. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, Labour lorce Survey, 2007-2010.
23. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 74.*G'=('D4($'F%G(*)'%,$#$*,$*G,%*+%3#+#F#9%01?19%3#$#.4:5'%+4;Z>=110=@, (2010), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
27. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%?1>=1>EW (2007-2008), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
28. SLaLlsLlcs Canada, 3BPIQR%$#C.'%0Z0=11E9%N#C45(%O4(G'%I5(J'6 (2009), [onllne], from < www.sLaLcan.gc.ca >.
32. CovernmenL of new 8runswlck, ueparLmenL of PealLh.

@#()8'9+,'-+'-#202'D(-('<5+=$&250T
1he Cfflce of Lhe Chlld and ?ouLh AdvocaLe and Lhe new 8runswlck PealLh Councll would llke Lo Lhank a speclal group
of lndlvlduals and Lhelr deparLmenLs for Lhelr commlLmenL and supporL ln conLrlbuLlng daLa whlch allowed us Lo
!)'./(1#/(2"3&)( *'+)&,(1#/(4%..56%'#+(7819%:"8;<(="$%96%8(>?@@
1hank you Lo:
!ohn 8oyne, ulrecLor, AccounLablllLy and PealLh lnformaLlon ManagemenL, ueparLmenL of PealLh
8oberL 8reau, Manager SysLems and uaLa, vlLal SLaLlsLlcs 8ranch, ueparLmenL of Servlce new 8runswlck
CynLhla uavls, Senlor ollcy Advlsor, ollcy and lannlng, new 8runswlck ueparLmenL of !usLlce and Consumer Affalrs
hlllppe Codln, CuallLy ManagemenL Advlsor, AddlcLlon, MenLal PealLh and rlmary PealLh Care Servlces, new 8runswlck ueparLmenL of
PealLh
Monlca Le8lanc, ulrecLor, CorporaLe uaLa ManagemenL and Analysls 8ranch, ollcy and lannlng ulvlslon, new 8runswlck ueparLmenL of
LducaLlon and Larly Chlldhood uevelopmenL
Pelene Le8reLon, ollcy AnalysL, SLraLeglc ollcy, lannlng and erformance ulvlslon, new 8runswlck ueparLmenL of Soclal uevelopmenL
Samuel Le8reLon, Senlor LconomlsL, Servlce Canada
ulane LuLes<(AcLlng ulrecLor of Lhe Larly Learnlng and Chlld Care unlL, new 8runswlck ueparLmenL of LducaLlon and Larly Chlldhood
uevelopmenL
Marllen Mckay, Wellness Manager, new 8runswlck ueparLmenL of Wellness, CulLure and SporL
Andy 8auska, ulrecLor, ulvlslonal SupporL Servlces, Worksafen8
AnlLa 8osslgnol<(ollcy AnalysL, Crlme revenLlon and 8educLlon, SLraLeglc ollcy and lannlng, new 8runswlck ueparLmenL of ubllc SafeLy
Cheryl ?aLes, ulrecLor of Communlcable ulsease Cfflce of Lhe Chlef Medlcal Cfflcer of PealLh, new 8runswlck ueparLmenL of PealLh
kaLhy L. Wyrwas, Senlor LconomlsL and rovlnclal SLaLlsLlcal local olnL, lederal-rovlnclal llscal and SLaLlsLlcal 8elaLlons 8ranch, llscal
ollcy ulvlslon, new 8runswlck ueparLmenL of llnance

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