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Code: 9A23502 III B.Tech I Semester (R09) Regular Examinations, November 2011 BIOCHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING I (Bio Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) Explain the concept of reaction order and molecularity. (b) Show that the following scheme

k1
N2O5

* NO2 + NO3

k2
NO3
*

k3

* NO +O2 *

NO + NO3 2NO2 Proposed by R.Dgg, is consistent with and can explain, the observed first order decomposition of N2O5 . 2 (a) Liquid A decomposes by first order kinetics and in a batch reactor 50 % of A is converted in a 5 minute run. How much longer would it take to reach 75% conversion? (b) Aqueous A at a concentration CA0 = 1 mol/liter is introduced into a batch reactor where it reacts away to form product R according to stoichiometry A R . The concentration of A in the reactor is monitored at various times as follows t.min 0 100 200 300 400 CA.mol/m3 1000 500 333 250 200 For CA0 =500 mol/m3 find the conversion of reactant after 5 hours in the batch reactor. Pure gaseous reactant A (CAO =100 millimol/liter) is fed at a steady rate into a mixed flow-reactor (v=0.1 liter) where it dimerizer (2A R). For different gas feed rates the following data are obtained: U0 liter/hr 30.0 9.0 3.6 1.5 CAsmilimol.liter 85.7 66.7 50 33.4 Find a rate equation for this reaction. (a) Describe the Monod model for specific growth rate and explain how the parameters of the model are evaluated. (b) The substrate concentration versus specific growth rate data were collected for growth of 5. Cerevisiae on glucose in fermenter and presented as follows: Glucose conen(s), g/lit 15 12 9 6 2.5 1.7 Specific growth rate(m),hr-1 0.34 0.33 0.32 0.30 0.22 0.18 Calculate Monod constants. Contd in Page 2

k4

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Write in detail about substrate inhibition and product inhibition of cell growth. Consider the parallel decomposition of A, CAO =2 , R rR =1 A S rS=2CA T rT=CA2 Find the maximum expected Cs for isothermal operations a) In a mixed flow reactor b) in a plug flow rector. (a) Write about the general graphical procedure for finding the size of the reactor required for a given temperature progression. (b) Discuss about optimum temperature progression. (a) State the reasons for non-ideality in flow reactors. (b) Explain residence time distribution (RTD) (c) A liquid macro fluid reacts according to A R as it flows through a vessel. Find the conversion of A for the flow pattern and kinetics as given below: CAO=2 mol /liter E.min-1 -rA=

k CA2

k = 2 liter/mol.min
1

t.min 0.5

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Code: 9A23502 III B.Tech I Semester (R09) Regular Examinations, November 2011 BIOCHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING I (Bio Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) Define elementary and non-elementary reaction. (b) The decomposition of reactant A at 400 C for pressures between 1 and 10 atm follows a first order rate law. Show that a mechanism similar to azomethane decomposition A+A A* +A A* R+S is consistent with the observed kinetics. 2 (a) A 10 minute experimental run shows that 75 % of liquid reactant is converted to product by a order rate. What would be the fraction converted in a half-hour run? (b) In the presence of a homogeneous catalyst of given concentration, aqueous reactant A is converted to product at the following rates and CA alone determines this rate: CA mol/liter 1 2 4 6 7 9 12 -rA mol/liter.hr 0.06 0.1 0.25 1.0 2.0 1.0 0.5 We plan to run this reaction in a batch reactor at the same catalyst concentration as used in getting the above data. Find the time needed to lower the concentration of A from CAO= 10 mol/liter to CAF=2 mol/liter. (a) Pure gaseous A at about 3 atm and 30 C(120 m mol/liter) is fed into a 1 liter mixed flow reactor at various flow rates. There it decomposes and the exit concentration of A is measured for each flow rate. From the following data find a rate equation to represent th kinetics of the decomposition of A. Assume that reactant A alone affects the rate. The stoichiometry is given by A 3R. V0 liter/min 0.06 0.48 1.5 8.1 CA m mol/liter 30 60 80 105 Discuss in detail about growth pattern and kinetics in batch culture. Give a detailed account of the models for growth inhibition kinetics. Consider the parallel decomposition of A, CAO =2 , R rR =1 A S rS=2CA T rT=CA2 Determine the maximum concentration of desired product R obtainable in (a) A plug flow reactor (b) a mixed flow reactor. Contd in Page 2

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(a) Derive the energy balance equation for adiabatic operations in a flow reactor. (b) With the help of a graphical representation explain the relation between conversion and temperature for exothermic, endothermic and isothermal reactions. (a) Explain E,F and C curves. What is the relation between them? (b) A liquid macro fluid reacts according to A R as it flow through a vessel. Find the conversion of A for the flow pattern and kinetics as shown below: CAO=6 mol /liter E.min-1 -rA=

k = 3 mol/liter.min

t.min 3

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Code: 9A23502 III B.Tech I Semester (R09) Regular Examinations, November 2011 BIOCHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING I (Bio Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) A certain reaction has rate given by rA =0.005 CA2 mol/cm3.min. If the concentration is to be expressed in mol/liter and time in hours, what would be the volume and units of the rate constant? (b) The pyrolysis of ethane proceeds with an activation energy of about 300 RJ/mol. How much faster is the decomposition at 650 C than at 500 C? (c) Experiment shows that the homogeneous decomposition of ozone proceed with a raterO3=R[O3]2 [O2]-1.(i) What is the overall order of reaction? (ii) Suggest a two-step mechanism to explain this rate and state how you would further test this mechanism. (a) In a homogeneous isothermal liquid polymerization, 20% of the monomer disappears in 34 minutes for initial monomer concentration of 0.04 and also for 0.8 mol/liter. What rate equation represents the disappearance of the monomer? (b) Find the first order rate constant for the disappearance of A in the gas reaction 2A R if, on holding the pressure constant, the volume of the reaction mixture starting with 80 % A, decreases by 20% in 3 min. A liquid reactant stream (1 mol /liter) passes through two mixed flow reactors in series. The concentration of A in the exit of the first reactor is 0.5 mol/liter. Find the concentration in the exit stream of the second reactor. The reaction in second order with respect to A and V2/V1=2. Discuss about continuous mode of operation and the growth kinetics involved. Discuss about the effect of environmental conditions on growth kinetics. Consider the parallel decomposition of A, CAO =4 , R rR =1 A S rS=2CA T rT=CA2 Determine the maximum concentration of desired product S obtainable in (a) A plug flow reactor (b) a mixed flow reactor.

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(a) Explain with the help of neat figures, the graphical procedure for finding the reactor size for adiabatic operation of plug flow and mixed flow reactors. (b) Discuss about optimum temperature progression. (a) Write a brief note on diagnosing ills of non-ideal reactors. (b) A liquid micro fluid reacts according to A R as it flow through a vessel. Find the conversion of A for the flow pattern and kinetics as shown below: CAO=1 mol /liter E.min-1 -rA=k CA0.5

k = 2 mol0.5 /liter0.5.min

t.min 2

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Code: 9A23502 III B.Tech I Semester (R09) Regular Examinations, November 2011 BIOCHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING I (Bio Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 70 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks ***** 1 (a) For a gas reaction at 400k the rate is reported as =3.66 PA2, atm hr i) What are the units of the rate constant? ii) What is the value of the rate for this reaction if the rate equation is expressed as rA= = mol/m3.s (b) The decomposition of nitrous oxide is found to proceed as follows: + O2, (c) = What is the order of this reaction with respect to and overall? At 1100k n-nonane thermally cracks (breaks down into smaller molecular) 20 times as rapidly as at 1000 k. Find the activation energy for this decomposition.

(a) After 8 minutes in a batch reactor, reactant(CAO=1 mol/liter) is 80% converted; after 18 minutes, conversion is 90%. Find a rate equation to represent this reaction. (b) Find the first order rate constant for the disappearance of A in the gas reaction A 1.6 R if the volume of the reaction mixture, starting with pure A increase by 50 % in 4 minutes. The total pressure within the system stays constant at 1.2 atm, and the temperature is 25C. An aqueous reactant stream ( 4 mol A/liter) passes through a mixed flow reactor followed by a plug flow reactor. Find the concentration at the exit of the plug flow reactor if in the mixed flow reactor CA =1 mol /liter. The reaction is second order with respect to A, and the volume of the plug flow unit is three times that of the mixed flow unit. Discuss about fed batch operation and the kinetics involved. Discuss about the influence of cell age distribution on growth kinetics. Consider the parallel decomposition of A, CAO =5 , R rR =1 A S rS=2CA T rT=CA2 Determine the maximum concentration of desired product T obtainable in (a) A plug flow reactor (b) a mixed flow reactor.

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(a) Obtain the relation between conversion and temperature by making an energy balance for adiabatic operations in flow reactors. (b) Write a brief note on the effect of temperature and pressure on equilibrium conversion as prescribed by thermodynamics. A reactor with a number of dividing baffles is to be used to run the reaction A R with rA= 0.05 CA mol/liter min. A pulse tracer test gives the following output curve: Time ,min 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Concentration reading 35 38 40 40 39 37 36 35 a) Find the E versus t curve. b) Calculate the variance of the E curve. c) How many tanks in series in this vessal equivalent to? d) Calculate XA assuming the tanks in series model. *****