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2. The Cortex (surrounding the Medulla), which gives hair its thickness, strength and flexibility.
It also contains Melanin - the pigment which determines hair colour.
3. The Cuticle, the outermost protective layer. This is a transparent layer of tiny overlapping
scales made of Keratin. It acts as a protective barrier against chemicals and also prevents
excessive evaporation of the moisture essential for soft, supple hair.
The hair follicle is divided anatomically into: the Infundibulum the Isthmus the Inferior segment,
which contains the hair bulb
The hair follicle is situated during active growth, in, or just above, the subcutaneous fat at core
temperature. It is protected from any deleterious effects of materials on the scalp. Only severe
scarring or systematic factors interfere with hair growth.
How Long Does A Single Hair Live?
Each hair grows from a root. The cells in the hair bulb divide, creating a new hair that will grow and
eventually fall out.
This cycle, which is known as the pilar cycle, is divided into three phases: the hair grows for an
average of three years, a brief stagnation period of two or three weeks follows, then the hair is
discarded over about three months. After a latent period of two to five months, a new cycle begins
and a new hair starts to grow. The entire process happens about 25 times in the course of a
lifetime.
What is pH Balance?
A number of international shampoo brands carry a caption which says 'pH balanced shampoo'. But
what is pH balance and how does it actually affect your hair? Here’s what it’s all about.
pH is a scale from 0 to 14, which measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. Solutions with a pH
less than 7 are acidic, while those with a pH more than 7 are alkaline. Solutions with a pH of 7 are
considered neutral.
The natural pH of your hair is around 5.5. At this pH, the hair is the strongest since there is a
unique balance between the positive and negative charges, resulting in a maximum number of salt
bonds being formed. If a solution which is either acidic or alkaline is applied to your hair, it will
become weaker. Because the unique balance of charges is destroyed, reducing the number of salt
bonds formed. Any chemical with a pH of more than 10, or less than 0 will severely damage your
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hair.
But Sunsilk Shampoo plus Conditioner has been specially formulated taking into consideration the
natural pH balance of your hair. Most other hair care and hair wash products - like toilet soaps,
lime juice solution or vinegar - are either significantly acidic or alkaline and can lead to the
weakening of your hair.
How Does Hair React To Light?
Looking at a hair through a video-microscope, we can see that it is actually translucent. Its various
surfaces do not react to light in the same way, nor do they reflect it in precisely the same way. A
small proportion (5 to 6%) of available light is reflected by the hair like a mirror. The rest
penetrates the hair shaft, where it is absorbed to a greater or lesser extent by melanin.
Be sure to use a shampoo that caters to your hair need. Choose a product suited to it and
use it regularly to improve its condition and maintain its texture.
• They leave behind fine granule-like deposits of calcium and magnesium, leading to an
unhealthy scalp.
• In hard water they leave behind a deposit on your hair, making it dull and difficult to comb.
This results in hair breakage.
• Soaps are harsh on your hair because they strip the hair of its natural oil, making it dry,
coarse and rough to touch. Whats more, you’ll find that your hair gets easily tangled and
looks dull and lifeless.
Shampoos Vs Soaps
Good quality shampoos like Sunsilk Naturals contain special nutrients like henna, amla, curd, milk
etc extracts which protects your hair which helps the hair preserve its natural moisture and
goodness. This reduces friction in your hair when it is combed and makes it soft and manageable.
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How Do Conditioners Work?
1. Regular Conditioners
Conditioning your hair is of utmost importance because a good conditioner coats your hair shaft,
protecting it from wear and tear. It also makes your hair smooth and shiny and prevents hair
breakage.
A good shampoo like Sunsilk has a high quality conditioner balanced with natural extracts for
different types of hair.
2. Intensive conditioners
• These have been formulated to provide specialized conditioning for weak, brittle, very
dry or damaged hair which may be a result of chemical treatment such as perming.
• If your hair is in this state, you should be using intensive conditioners as a weekly
treatment for the extra care you need.
• They will help you achieve your hair’s perfect state – soft, shiny and healthier looking.
• They contain additional ingredients like humectants which lock in moisture. This gets
rid of the dryness in your hair.
• Your hair gets damaged everyday through routine activities such as towel drying,
aggressive brushing, incorrect combing and styling.
• Besides this everyday exposure to sun, wind and environmental pollution can also damage
your hair, making it look dull, dry and listless.
• You need to protect your hair, which is dead and is not capable of repairing itself. That is
why you need to use a conditioner—to protect your hair.
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How Do I Protect My Hair While Swimming?
If you swim regularly, use your fingers to comb a little conditioner through your dry hair before
you get into the pool. This will help to keep it in good condition, even whilst swimming and will also
make it easier to put your swimming cap on if you wear one.
If you spend a lot of time outdoors, in the sun and the wind, then your hair needs intensive
conditioning. For instance, if you visit the beach during the day, comb some intensive conditioner
through dry hair, and if it is long, tie it back in a loose knot or bun. This will help protect your hair
and leave it beautifully conditioned for the evening, once you have shampooed. Remember
prevention is better than cure!
If your hair is damaged, permed or coloured, it will need intensive conditioning.
When To Use
• After shampooing, rinse your hair thoroughly and then apply the conditioner.
• Take care not to rub the conditioner into the scalp as it may feel greasy.
• The quantity and kind of conditioner will depend on the state of your hair - whether it is dry,
oily or normal.
• If your hair is very tangled, you need more conditioner. If it is less tangled, you need less
conditioner.
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How To Apply
• To begin with, pour out an adequate amount of conditioner onto your palms and rub them
together.
• Then gently work the conditioner into your hair, always in the same direction i.e. from front
to back.
• If you have basically dry hair with an oily scalp, apply the conditioner to the ends only.
• Squeeze the conditioner into the palm of your hand and rub your palms together.
• Using the whole flat of your hand, massage the conditioner into your hair, working from the
scalp downwards.
How Much To Use
Be liberal. The hair should feel heavy. However, you don’t want to see white blobs of product sitting
on your hair. Don’t over apply it at the roots because you are very unlikely to need much of it here.
• Squeeze the conditioner into the palm of your hand and rub your palms together.
• Using the whole flat of your hand, massage the conditioner into your hair working from
the scalp downwards.
• Wrap your head in a towel (if you’ve got long hair, tie it back in a loose knot first).
• This works by keeping the head warm and helps to prevent moisture loss from the
hair.
When you’re ready to wash intensive conditioner out, remove the towel, comb through the hair
again with a wide-toothed comb and rinse thoroughly.
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• Brushing stimulates blood circulation. This guarantees that each root gets plenty of oxygen
which leads to better hair growth.
• Brushing also removes the loose scales accumulated on the scalp and distributes the
sebum evenly through the hair, giving it the shine of good health!
Brush Basics
• Wooden brushes with natural bristles are easier on the hair and also provide a gentle
massage for the scalp and a smooth finish for the hair shaft.
• For medium to fine hair, soft plastic brushes are best. Choose one with knobs at the bristle
ends they’re gentler on the scalp.
• Rubber base brushes with dense, durable bristles are great for all hair types. The rubber
base flexes so there is less pulling at the roots.
• For styling, round brushes are best but can snag hair. Try the largest size appropriate for
your particular style.
The best kind of brush is one with rounded bristles and of course, natural bristles are the best.
However, to prevent hair damage, take care to select a brush with soft, widely spaced bristles. If
your hair is thick, use a thick bristle brush and if your hair is soft, use a soft bristle brush. A
rubber cushioned brush is also good because it will not pull your hair. Instead, it will help prevent
both hair breakage and hair loss.
The 100 Strokes A Day Theory—Myth Or…?
It’s not just about how many times, but about HOW you brush your hair. Excessive and rough
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brushing can strip away your hair’s cuticle – even cause it to break. It can also make oily hair
oilier and dry hair more brittle. If you have longer hair, don’t comb straight from the root to the tip
– because if you have any tangles this would force them one on top of the other. Instead, comb the
bottom third of your hair and when this is tangle free comb from root to tip. This method applies
whether the hair is wet, dry or during conditioner application.
Brush Maintenance
A dirty brush will make your hair even dirtier and may also result in scalp infections. So you need
to make an effort to keep them spotlessly clean. Dirt and hair can be loosened from the brush by
running a comb through its bristles. Then swirl it warm, soapy water and rinse it thoroughly under
running water. Avoid lending your brush to others. You could be exchanging scalp infection along
with the brush!
• Always comb your hair gently because vigorous or excessive combing can lead to
over-stimulation of the sebaceous glands and even result in hair breakage.
• Combing not only removes surface dirt and tangles, but also distributes the natural oils
(sebum) from the roots of your hair to its tips.
DIET
Your Hair Is Made Up Of protein. An inadequate supply of protein will definitely result in hair loss
due to anaemia or vitamin & mineral deficiency. On the other hand, the right care and a healthy
diet will give rise to soft, shiny and lustrous hair. Of course, its natural texture and the rate at
which it grows cannot be changed by what you eat. But you can definitely improve the way it looks
and feels by adopting a nutritious, well balanced diet.
Diet Must-Haves
Here are some great to keep in mind no matter what type of hair you have. You can’t go wrong with
these thumb rules:
• Since hair is made up of 97% protein and 3% water, it’s essential to have plenty of both.
• Foods with zinc, magnesium, potassium, protein and vitamins (especially vitamin B complex)
are good for the hair.
• If you are a non-vegetarian, try and get your protein from low fat fish and chicken.
• Vegetarians should eat plenty of pulses like dals and sprouts. If you are not getting all the
other nutrients you need in your normal diet, then you should take supplements.
• Drink plenty of water!
• Leafy vegetables, fruits and curd are a must.
• Cut down of food that is high in sugar, fat and processed chemicals.
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What to eat: Foods rich in vitamin B, raw vegetables, pulses, whole-wheat bread, brown rice, liver,
bananas, nuts and oily fish. What to avoid: Salt and fatty cheeses.
Ideal Shampoo:
To avoid further dryness, use a good shampoo like the new Sunsilk Naturals Silky Strength
(enhanced with henna and lotus flower extracts) plus conditioner.
The shampoo will clean your hair gently, without stripping it of its natural oils and the conditioner
will actually improve the condition of your hair, making it soft, supple and manageable.
Oily HairEeeeeeks!
Quick Bytes:
What to eat: Fresh fruits and vegetables, baked and grilled dishes. What to avoid: Fried and greasy
foods, milk products and red meat.
Ideal Shampoo:
Use a shampoo plus conditioner specially suited to oily hair, like Sunsilk Naturals Blackshine
Shampoo with natural ingredients like amla and sunflower.It has citrus extracts to clean your hair
of excess oil, while the conditioner will make your hair light, refreshed and fragrant.
Quick Bytes:
• The possible cause of this type of hair is dandruff .
• You should try to abstain from caffeine drinks (coffee, tea, colas) and cigarettes.
What to eat: Plenty of vegetables, fresh fruits, low fat protein (white meat fish or chicken), raw
vegetables, salads, fresh fruit and curd. Drink plenty of water. What to avoid: Butter, cheese, deep
fried foods, animal fats, fried foods, eggs, nuts, excess carbohydrates and alcohol.
Quick Bytes:
• Dull hair could be the result of ill health and strong medication . It could also be due to
overuse of styling products. Smoking can also cause your hair to become dull.
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What to eat: Foods rich in minerals - green vegetables, nuts, lentils, wholegrain cereals, shrimps,
oily fish and milk. What to avoid: Salty foods and snacks.
Hair oils
The use of hair oils has been a part of the hair care regime since ancient times. However, there
are many common perceptions about the so-called benefits of hair oil. Well, it’s time to separate
myth from reality…
Does Hair Oil Really Make My Hair Thicker, Longer and Blacker?
No! This is not true because no external application can significantly affect the growth of your hair.
Yes! Hair oils reduce the friction between each strand of hair, thereby reducing tangles and
making it easier to comb. However, hair oils are sticky by nature. Use light, non greasy oils or
even better, hair lotions for manageability without grease.
Nothing is more relaxing than a head massage. Coincidently a nice, gentle head massage is also
very therapeutic for your hair. This is because a good massage will stimulate the sebaceous
glands and get the blood flowing to the scalp to nourish the papilla. Here are some tips on how to
massage right when you are doing it yourself:
Massaging Dos
• Start at the hairline and gently knead the front of your scalp.
• Let the scalp move under the pressure of your fingertips, but don’t move the fingers
themselves.
• Always massage from front to back - from the forehead and the sides, over the crown of the
head to the base of your neck, since it is the route the blood naturally takes to reach the
heart.
• Let your fingers fan out to the sides of your head, to massage as much of your scalp as
possible.
• After a few minutes, go on to massage the next section of your scalp till it feels tingly and
looser than before.
• Remember, a tight scalp is caused by tension and stress and a proper massage will relax
it.
Massaging Don’ts
• Don’t ever use your nails or the whole hand to massage your hair; use only the finger tips.
• Do not massage your scalp in case there is any inflammation or if the skin is broken.
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Don’t walk into the first salon you see just because it’s a stone’s throw away from you house. You
might look like a walking disaster after you’re done! No, first do a survey before choosing a salon.
Ask your friends where they get their hair cut. If you see someone whose hairstyle you like,
approach them and enquire where they got the job done. Once you have got some options in hand,
shortlist according to both budget and convenience factors.
At The Hairdresser’s
• When booking your appointment, ask how much time you’ve been allotted. You should also
ask how much it will cost and what the price does and does not include.
• Discuss the style you want with the stylist right at the beginning, especially before a
shampoo. It is much harder to visualize lengths and styles when your hair is wet. And you
don’t want any misunderstanding about what the result should be.
• If an exact length is important to you, say so, making sure you are referring to `dry length’.
Hair which reaches the jawline when wet will shrink when dry by up to a couple of inches.
• Avoid using hairdressing speak like `layering’, `bobbed’ and `highlights’. You could easily
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end up talking at cross-purposes with your hairdresser meaning one thing and you another,
so use plain English.
• Take photographs or brochures of styles you like. It really helps a stylist to understand the
exact effect you are trying to achieve.
• A good hairdresser will also give guidance on the shape of your face and the styles that are
likely to be most flattering to it.
• Last but not the least don’t forget to enquire about the maintenance of your new hairstyle.
There’s not much point in committing yourself to a cut you simply don’t have the time or
patience to keep up!
1. Oval -You can carry off most styles. Wild curls and big, tousled hair will set off the shape of
your face, as will layered styles that add volume. Avoid flat-to-the-head styles or cuts
without width at the sides -–they will accentuate narrowness.
2. Oblong -A long, narrow face needs a style that gives it fullness at the sides. Ask your hair
stylist to cut soft, feathery layers around your cheekbones. This style will make your face
seem wider.
3. Heart-shaped- Lucky you! You can have your pick of literally any style – long or short,
layered or blunt, straight or curly. Change your style with every fashion whim if you want to!
If your face is wider at the forehead and narrower at the chin, you should select a style that
de-emphasizes your forehead. For instance, softly angled layers that can be brushed aside.
Cutting hair to chin length and layering it throughout also gives it more body.
4. Round If you have a face that’s too full, go in for a style that gives it height. Part your hair on
one side and then draw it back from the sides. If your hair is long, tie it high on the head.
Short hair should be closely cropped at the sides, with more volume on the crown. A layered
cut or soft, feathered style will tend to suit you. Try to avoid any width in the hair around the
sides of your face – this will accentuate the roundness.
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5. Square Longer length, grown-out gamine crops look great on square faces, as do layered
bobs with wisps around the face to soften the angles. Long layers add body which flatters
your face. Avoid really close crops or severe, slicked-back styles. A hair style with a high
side parting and hair that covers one side of your forehead is ideal for you. The cut should
focus attention just above or below your cheekbones. Try to keep your hair away from the
chin, so that it doesn’t look wider than it is.
Ponytail Tips!
For a tighter hold on a ponytail, try a bungee band elastic with hooks on each end. Grab the hair
with one hook, wrap the elastic band around the hair tightly and clasp the first hook with the second
hook. A Tight ponytail may damage your hair. A tight elastic band can cause breakage and
damage to both the hair and scalp.
5 Clever-Girl Tips To Sensational Strands!
Here, Cosmo's insider tricks to getting a gorgeous mane…TIP: For really voluminous hair, towel dry
hair, then spritz your roots with a volumising product. Lift sections up and aim underneath them.
Then blowdry your hair upside down-you want the air to go against the way your roots grow.TIP: A
weird-but effective-way to degook hair buildup: dishwashing liquid. It leaves hair super-clean, just
don't do it more than twice a year--it's very drying. TIP: To get an alluring and dramatic style, try
parting your hair so that it lines up with the arch in your eyebrow. TIP: Gone to the same hair
stylist for years? Get a second opinion on your style from someone who can see you with fresh
eyes. You can
always take her ideas back to your old guy. TIP: Hot date to go to and no time to wash your hair?
Rescue an unwashed mane and make it look good by mopping up excess oil around the roots with
some baby powder. Or spritz a little perfume on the ends of your locks to banish nasty whiffs.
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To Get Those Luscious Curls…
If you’re planning on curling your tresses for an evening out, you could use rollers, those
sausage-like rolls of plastic come in varied sizes. Wrap your hair around them while it is still wet
and dry it with a hair dryer, or allow it to dry naturally. However, unlike a perm, its effect is
temporary. If your rollers have caps on the end, make sure they’re not pressing on the hair or
leaving dents that are hard to get out.
On Roller Size…
The straighter you want your hair, the larger the rollers you should use and the fewer the sections
to roll. The curlier you want your hair, the smaller the rollers and the more sections you should
roll.
Hair Dryers These help you style your hair and give it an attractive look of fullness. What’s more,
you can style your hair in different ways. However, using a dryer too frequently could dry out your
scalp and hair. And if used inexpertly, it could even burn your hair.
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Hair Spray Hair sprays are freely available in aerosol cans, and you can use them after styling to
help hold the set. But you should know exactly how much spray to use. Too much, results in a stiff,
tacky look and too little fails to hold the set.
Grey Hair
Latest research shows that when hair turns grey, the biochemical components that used to
produce colour are still present but are no longer active. The production and transfer of coloured
melanin are halted, obstructed by changes in the body’s complex balancing act which remain to be
discovered.
I Want To Colour My Hair…
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The most interesting thing about hair colour is that it changes constantly with the play of light and
shade. Because each head of hair is different, with its unique nuances and reflections, you can
possess a colour of your very own, one as personal as your signature! Like your eyes, your hair
is a singular combination of light, texture, colour and movement.
Here are some facts that you should keep in mind while getting your hair coloured.
Permanent Colour: This type of colour that does not wash out and lasts until the roots put out new
hair. Permanent colour can make hair lighter or darker, add highlights and completely cover grey
hair. Make sure you get a good hairdresser while going for this type, or if you’re planning to do it
yourself, good luck!
Semi-permanent Colour: Long-lasting translucent colouring or `staining’ products yield shades
close to the hair’s natural colour, or slightly darker, and can also add highlights. They cover up to
50% of grey hair but do not lighten the hair.
Temporary Colour: This is colour that washes out gradually after several shampoos. It adds
natural-looking colour or highlights and can make hair slightly darker, and deals with the first grey
hair by covering up to 30%.
Flash Colour: This offers an extra touch of colour to your natural shade, adds highlights or
brightens grey hair. It washes out the next time you shampoo. It’s ideal for a night out.
Bleaching, tinting, dyeing and perming are all bad for hair, especially if you have dry hair. But if you
want to get any of these done to achieve a certain look and to keep pace with fashion trends, go to
a professional hairdresser. And insist on using the best products. Even after you get a perm or a
tint, use a good shampoo, condition your hair regularly and comb it gently with a wide-toothed
comb. You should never tint your hair more than once in 4-6 months. This is because your hair is
rather delicate, and continuous exposure to chemicals can ruin its texture.
Just go for it!
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Off to a party after a grueling routine at work? Have exactly 30 minutes to get your party ensemble
together? Bet you’ll blow-dry your hair in 20 seconds!
A lot of women just like you are ill-informed about the rules for drying their hair and if they are
running late for a party or business appointment, they are prone to drying in a tearing hurry.
Nothing can be more harmful for your tresses! Learn the rules of hair drying before blasting your
hair drying gadgets.
This is the best method to dry your hair. Of course sometimes you can’t escape using a hairdryer.
But as far as possible, do allow your tresses to dry on their own.
• Once you are out of the shower, take a nice thick towel and gently pat your hair dry from
front to back. (Do not rub it vigorously with a towel. This can damage your hair.)
• Wrap the towel around your head and let it soak up excess water.
• After some time, unwrap the towel and, while your hair is still damp, comb it gently with a
wide-toothed comb; this will allow your hair to dry out soft and smooth.
• Avoid using a hair dryer because excessive blow drying can make your hair frizzy, dull and
dry, often resulting in split ends and broken hair. It is best to let your hair dry out naturally.
After combing your hair, just leave it alone and it will dry out nicely within an hour or so.
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• After washing your hair, pat or squeeze it dry with a towel – don’t towel dry it or rub it
vigorously as hair is most fragile when wet, and any friction will also encourage tangling.
• If you have longer hair and like it wrapped in a towel, turban style, for a few minutes after
washing, comb your hair whilst your hair is still very wet. This will de-tangle your hair before
you wrap it up and will minimize any painful knots when the towel comes off.
• Before using the hairdryer, always pat or squeeze hair dry first. Not only will it take you an
age to dry dripping wet hair, it is also bad news for your personal safety.
• Always blow-dry hair with the flow of air pointing downwards. This will boost the hair’s shine,
because you are encouraging all the cuticles to lay flat.
• Make sure that the hairdryer is constantly moving – leaving it on one spot can over-dry hair
and make it dull and brittle.
• Don’t hold the nozzle too close to the hair as this could result in overdrying. Generally, 10 to
15 cm away is a sensible distance.
• For extra volume or lift, blow dry hair in the opposite direction. For example, tip your head
upside down (or side to side) for all over volume.