6orrect 8|z|ng of Res|dent|a| hVA6 A|r 6ond|t|on|ng

8ystems & 0uctwork 8ystems

lvAC Procedures lor Proper 0uclWor| 3|z|rg lor Res|derl|a| A|r Cord|l|or|rg
3yslers - TEL A3P FR CFV
- W|lr 0arre|| ude|rover - lvAC RETlRE0 - udarre||
hVAC Efficiency 0verview My Audio overview; listen while doing
other things

Figuring Delivered BTUH | SIMPLE BTUH AIRFLOW MATH | Formula
for finding CFM Airflow
*SeIecting Air FiIters - Sizing the FiItering Area - CriticaIIy
important!

Comparative 7ests concerning Pressure 0rops of hVAC
Filters - lmportant Criteria!
At 300-fpm, the 4" deep Herv 7 has the same pressure drop at .10 of an |nch, as the 1"
f|ber g|ass f||ter; a|| f||ter areas were 24X24
AIRFLOW DIACAOS1ICS and REPAIR PDFExcellent & thorough PDF
Slide Jiews
ow Pr|ced Affordab|e |nfrared 6amera
Fieldpiece SMAN3 Digital Manifold Gauges PDF

`Basics Featuring Testo 556 >Video Testo 550
Features

`Video checking static ESP, `Video 2 checking static
ESP View!Got DSL 11/2010
V|deo measur|ng a|rf|ow Ve|oc|ty - Vane anemometer on a Return A|r gr|||e
|'d use c|ose to .507 for the free-area of a c|ean F|%R, & .907 factor for open gr|||e
area. he programmed |t |n, because when | d|d the math us|ng .907 for the
gr|||e, | got 33.5783-FPH Ve| X 2.3752-8F free-a|r-area= 799.9-6FH, or 2-
%on of a|rf|ow.
%esto 05-h2 Fast Accurate wet u|b

ome Energy Audits - Rochester, AY Area Real
Energy Cost Savings - 1ed Kidd
I Salute this AZ JAC Website

Hore hVA6 V|deos at bottom of th|s & other pages

hVA6 %a|k 6ommun|ty Ask the perts FR Forum -
8ave Honey!
`Sizing Units to Existing Duct Airflow [ Figuring
DeIivered BTUH |* HEAT PUMP DIAGNOSTICS
0uctwork Retrofitting Craphed 8lower-Curve-Chart j*
Return Air - External Filter-Crille Sizing [
Veasur|n lou /|rl|ou|Duct & Diffuser Sizing[ |* HEAT PUMP
DIAGNOSTICS

Air lnfiltration 3ources 0p-to 50 of Load

ROOM-DUC1 CFM - Formula for finding CFM MAIA
OALY DUC1 SIZIAC CAR1

MAIA & BRAAC DUC1 CAR1 [ Square Inches to Round
Duct & More [
DUC1WORK BASICS [ Basic AC Overview - Specifications JS.
Reality [

1EL - Solving for ASP Available Static Pressure >Use Manual D
Duct Design
Oil Furnace Airfow Problems JAC-
1alk FORUM #1

1XJ or Piston 1est [ 3ystem Evacuation Procedures
[ SA/RA locations [ Curgling1XJ [ Sealing Rim Joists
Condensing 1emp C1 [ ACCA EAERCY S1AR pdf [
IWC_to_Pascals
Covernment initiated Energy Audits from Chh auo|o listen to
while reading - Chh
Residential Quality Installation Check
List Pre-qualify H-VAC Contractors

A|ways beg|n w|th a thorough home nergy AU0|% that shows a|| the opt|ons for
|ower|ng the heat-ga|n & heat-|oss, then after reduc|ng a|r |nf||trat|on, etc., have a room
by room manua| J heat|oad ca|c performed. A reduct|on |n equ|pment s|z|ng w||| usua||y
great|y |mprove the duct system performance.
%h|s |s where the greatest sav|ngs |n both heat|ng & coo||ng w||| accrue; th|s w||| he|p |n
the down-s|z|ng of equ|pment.

"%he 'proper heat|oad' on the evaporator co|| must be estab||shed"
6heck and thorough|y sea| a|| the ductwork! For eff|c|ent operat|on, a|ways check the
return a|r temperature at the b|ower & at the Return A|r Cr|||e(s} to know whether |t |s
draw|ng hot a|r from the att|c or garage areas.

what | stated above, that ought to be done |s far more |mportant than 8R rat|ng; as
that w||| determ|ne the 8R ach|eved & the energy sav|ngs.
%hen do a manua| J room by room heat-ga|n ca|c w|th the opt|on shown so you can do
everyth|ng poss|b|e to reduce a|| sources of heat-ga|n & heat-|oss, great|y reduc|ng both
heat & coo||ng %Uh equ|pment s|z|ng.
elore you do arylr|rg e|se, educale yourse|l erougr lo ersure lral you requesl lre proper
lr|rgs oe dore |r lre proper order ol sequerce. Crec||rg duclWor| & A|rl|oW Crec||rg 3lal|c
Pressures |s Cr|l|ca||y lrporlarl. As |s |roW|rg lre operal|rg leel per r|rule (FPV) ve|oc|ly, lre
CFV & Tul lo eacr roor a|org W|lr lre Tola| CFV a|rl|oW & Tul.
F|nd the best way to save energy |n your home, use your z|p code. Prof|tab||ty
of nergy eff|c|ency Upgrades [ h|dden cost of home energy Use
Trer rave a manua| "J" real-ga|r / real-|oss |oad ca|c dore, lo||oWed oy a
manua| "8" lor equ|prerl s|z|rg & lrer a manua| "0" lor proper duclWor| s|z|rg.
A|| reg|sters, gr|||es, f||ter racks, & d|ffusers must be |ocated & s|zed for
opt|ma| eff|c|ent performance of the system. 0rder %urn|ng Vanes for |ong
rad|us 90-e||s; use |ong rad|us 45's.
Tre correcl s|z|rg ol res|derl|a| a|r cord|l|or|rg syslers & duclWor| |s cruc|a| lo
ersur|rg proper |rdoor space cord|l|or|rg, equ|prerl perlorrarce, ard ecoror|ca|
operal|or. urlorlurale|y, rary A/C corlraclors reasure 'correcl equ|prerl s|z|rg
oy lre sysler's ao|||ly lo reel ary |rdoor lrerroslal sell|rg al ary ouldoor
lerperalure. Tral relrod ol s|z|rg W||| |ead lo |rell|c|erl operal|or lor lre vasl
rajor|ly ol cord|l|or|rg l|re. A|r cord|l|or|rg syslers 'rusl oe s|zed lo reel lyp|ca|
or average |rdoor ard ouldoor cord|l|ors lo ersure proper a|r r|x|rg, l||lral|or ard
derur|d|l|cal|or ol |rdoor a|r across seasora| var|al|ors.
==================
A Hajor 0|| Furnace A|rf|ow Prob|em F|
Rega| & ha||mark & near|y a|| 0|| Furnaces - |nsta||at|on manua|s
http:||www.boyertownfurnace.com|Product0ocuments||nde.asp
0own|oad the |nsta||at|on & serv|ce manua|s from A0V |NK 0w |NK
HAY N0% w0RK!
http:||www.boyertownfurnace.com|Product0ocuments|ha||mark0NYHanua|0
42909.pdf
%o f|nd the |nformat|on be|ow; Use w|th|n the pdf search: at |east " above
0r use down arrow to P-8 & scro|| down a-ways...

"|f the o|| furnace |s used |n connect|on w|th summer a|r cond|t|on|ng the
evaporator co|| must be |nsta||ed at |east " above the o|| furnace for proper
a|rf|ow. 0|stances |ess than " w||| resu|t |n decreased a|rf|ow."
Hake sure out|et supp|y takeoffs are N0% b|ocked by the co||. |n a|| cases,
refer to the manufacturers' data for stat|c pressure |osses to ensure the tota|
system stat|c pressure does not eceed 0.5" w6.
Hy 8can of Hy %hermoPr|de 0 11 Craphed |ower-6urve-6hart
%hermopr|de 0 11 Craph |pg |mage - %hank you 0ave 8taso, 6A. for the better
epandab|e |mage!
"After |t |oads R|ght c||ck "8how 0r|g|na| |mages" - Hove cursor arrow over
graph - 6||ck + when 'over graph' for epanded |mage," then pr|nt on the
h|ghest qua||ty sett|ng.

Every rarulaclurer srou|d lurr|sr o|oWer ||re curve crarls W|lr lre|r ur|ls ard pul
lrer or lre lrlerrel lor serv|ce lecr's lo doWr|oad ard pr|rl. A o|oWer curve grapr
crarl, lor d|scerr|rg lre var|ao|es ol o| lurrace oe|l dr|ve o|oWers.
0oserve roW easy |l |s lo la|| oe|oW lre requ|red CFV W|lr a quarler rorse o|oWer
oe|l dr|ve rolor lral Was slardard W|lr 112,000 btuh output o|| furnaces.
Heasur|ng the stat|c pressure of the duct system & us|ng an anemometer to
check atua| a|rf|ow |s a must! Tre Trerro Pr|de 0L 11 0|| lurrace requ|res 111-
CFV ol a|rl|oW lo |eep lerp r|se W|lr|r 90-F.
%hat wou|d requ|re at |east a 2.5-ton A-co|| at 1125-6FH to get c|ose to enough
a|f|ow, a 2-%on co|| |s on|y 900-6FH.
-------------------------
Tre Norlr Courlry 0|| lurrace A/C or real purp scerar|o:
Ary good Tecr srou|d a|ready |roW Wral l ar go|rg lo |||uslrale rere; lr|s |s lor loreoWrers
& ary Wro car use lre |easl cosl|y Way lo dea| W|lr lr|s loo corror a proo|er |r lre co|d
Norlr Courlry.

we are rov|rg |rlo lre coo||rg seasor; roWever, ary crarges |r equ|prerl srou|d cors|der
roW every corporerl ralcres W|lr opl|ra| a|rl|oW ell|c|erc|es.

Vy |oWesl cosl so|ul|or lo lre co|d c||rale overs|zed 0|| lurrace W|lr a sra|| lorrage A/C
evaporalor co|| Wr|cr requ|res rear|y ra|l lre a|rl|oW as real|rg:

l rar a crec| or ry |ale orolrer's rore & lre surrer coo||rg real|oad |s aooul 11,000-Tul.

Tre or|g|ra| scerar|o, rad rucr |ess a|rl|oW lrar requ|red lor 1.5T coo||rg; |ls 2-T A-Co||
Wou|dr'l l|oW 1150-clr lor real|rg

l d|d a |ol ol olrer l|gur|rg; 15,000-Tul oulpul srou|d real lral sra|| s|rg|e slory rore.

loWever, W|lr lre 110,000-Tul |rpul, 112,000 oulpul 0|| lurrace |rsla||ed; lre rozz|e s|ze
car oe dropped lror ore ga| ar rour (We'|| use 139,000-Tul |rpul) lo .Z5 _100-ps|, lre
Tul drops lo 103,500 |rpul, lr|s lurrace lesled al .Z1 ell|c|ercy; 103,000 = Z,590-Tul.

us|rg a 90F real|rg lerperalure r|se, Wr|cr Trerro Pr|de car slard; (901.0 rere) Z,590 /
95.1F |s 803-clr.

Trerelore, lre 2-Tor A-Co|| W||| rard|e lre CFV; rourled |rcres aoove lre lurrace, |l ras
lre l|oW capac|ly lo Wor| o|ay |r oolr real|rg & coo||rg rodes.

w|lr a lr|rd lP oe|l-dr|ve rolor, you cou|d s|rp|y adjusl lre RPV doWr oy lurr|rg lre
adjuslao|e rolor pu||ey oul erougr lo gel lo Z00 or 00-CFV lor lre 1.5-Tor A/C.

Tre olrer so|ul|or |s lo |rsla|| a ru|l|p|e speed d|recl dr|ve rolor W|lr lre lar re|ay ererg|z|rg
lre coo||rg speed lap.

Tr|s ralrer corror s|lual|or |r co|d c||rales seers rol lo oe proper|y addressed ry Tecrs, &
lre l0 does rol |roW Wry lr|rgs dor'l Wor| We||.

we srou|d a|| Wor| lo |rprove ell|c|erl use ol r|gr cosl erergy ... so Arer|ca & everyore W|rs.
------------------------------------------
home & sma|| bus|ness owners, here |s a very |ow cost way to check an A|6 or heat
pump's coo||ng %Uh performance. Cet a |ow cost %esto 05 %ester to get the 8upp|y
A|r wet u|b temp & Return A|r wet u|b temp so you can ba||park f|gure actua| %Uh &
R performance:
7esto 605-h2 Fast Accurate wet 8ulb

Home & small business owners & everyone, very low
cost anemometer to get airflow FPM Velocities at
Supply Registers or Return Air Grilles, which you can
convert to CFM:
http://www.amazon.com/Crosse-
Technol.../dp/B0002WZRKE

AIso, get a |ow-cost d|g|ta| f|at-headed pocket %hermometer to use f|at on the
p|p|ng; these test |nstruments w||| PAY b|g returns!
-----------
Take the SuppIy Air & Return Air wet buIb temperatures &
interpose them on the enthaIpy chart Iinked beIow.
CFM X* 4.5 @sea-IeveI, or use X* 4.35 if 1000' above sea-IeveI, X*
change in enthaIpy = BTUH (BaIIpark) Operating Performance.
"U Must Right CIick Link & open in New Tab," Iook-up wet buIb
enthaIpy figures on enthaIpy chart," & figure enthaIpy change
times the resuIt of the CFM X* the factor.
et Bulb Enthalpy Chart
Print chart
---------------------------------
V|deo heat|ng 6oo||ng |nsta||at|on est

Pract|ces: http://bit.ly/ijCbsy |nsta|||ng condenser &

6oo||ng 6o|| est Pract|ces N0% shown |n th|s v|deo.

hVA6 0uct |nsta|| est Pract|ces V|deo: http://bit.ly/gJ88w9
vaporator needs to be at |east +" above an 0||
Furnace or |arge 0|| h%|X w||| great|y restr|ct a|rf|ow!
ouTuoe - loW lo wealrer|ze w|rdoWs W|lr P|asl|c F||r lrsu|al|or-
0l lore lrprovererl http://bit.ly/hy5yCg 0o |l Rl0lT
-----------------------------------------------

Ru|es of %humb for 0uct 8ystems - hart&6oo|ey
ESIGN AN INSTALLATION OF RESIENTIAL FLEXIBLE
&CTWORK SYSTEMS
http://www.dca.state.ga.us/development/constructioncodes/publications/1ONE.p
df

Look at the ducting, if it is not to code; make hard copies of this code &
give it to whoever does the ducting work
Make sure they redo it right!
Never have flex duct interiors commercially cleaned, I just viewed Home
Inspection photos showing the interior damaged & insulation plugging the duct.
Home Inspectors warn people because the duct cleaner's tell them it won't
damage the ducts. Some HI's look into the boot areas for clues of problems...
=============================================================
Ru|es of %humb for 0uct 8ystems - hart&6oo|ey

lderl|ly|rg your reg|slers/d|llusers & lre|r (A|) sq.ll. area, so you car ru|l|p|y lre FPV ve|oc|ly
l|res lre A| lo gel lre (CFV) Cuo|c Feel per V|rule a|rl|oW lror lral reg|sler.
lave or do a rarua| J real-ga|r ca|c lor eacr roor. ll a roor ca||s lor 3,000-Tul; l|rsl d|v|de
12,000-Tul oy lre CFV PER T0N you Warl lo use.

l.E., wel co||, 12,000/100=30-Tul per eacr CFV; wel co|| 12,000/125=28.235291;
3000/28.235-= 10.25-CFV; 0ry co||, 12,000/150= 2.-Tul; 3500 / 2.= 131.25-
CFV
ll reg|sler/d|lluser ras lre sare (A|) lree-a|rl|oW-area, as lre ducl rurl

Roor ca||s lor 3,500-Tul, us|rg 150-clr per/lor dry co|| or 2.-Tul per CFV=
131.25-CFV.
l.E., rd ducl .=3.Z851=28.2Z11sq.|rs/111=0.1935-sq.ll.; 131.25-clr / 0.1935-sq.ll=
or 8.4-fpm ve|oc|ty.
O 3P2 = (rpr2/rpr 1)2 X 3P1 = 3P2

Requ|red lar rolor rorsepoWer (rp) var|es as lo lre cuoe ol lre rpr speed:
O rp2 = (rpr2/rpr1)3 x rp1 = rp2

CFV Far de||very var|es d|recl|y as lo lre lar RPV speed:
O clr2 = (rpr2/rpr1) X clr1 = clr2

0ucl relro-Wor| car so|ve lre proo|er, |rcreas|rg o|oWer lP a|ore Wor'l usua||y
Wor|l A leW ca|cu|al|ors p|us retro-work ard preslo, a ralcred a|rl|oW W|lr your
syslers' real aosoro|rg co|| capac|l|es, de||ver|rg rear |ls Tul, EER, ard 3EER
ral|rgs al rorra| roor lerperalure sell|rgsl (Vosl dor'l)

http:||www.amer|canmeta|products.com|||ma|product_cata|ogs.htm|
6||ck on the categor|es to see the d|ffusers & Return-A|r Cr|||es then f|nd them on your
down|oaded pdf's eng|neer|ng data.
hart & 6oo|ey: http:||www.hartandcoo|ey.com|grd|h6-
100|res|dent|a||baseboard_reg|sters|42.htm
0o a |ot of hart & 6oo|ey eng|neer|ng data searches, |ook at the reg|sters & the Ak sq.ft.
data to f|gure reg|ster's de||vered 6FH.
LOW AIRFLOW - this wiII heIp to open your eyes!

Requ|red fan motor hP var|es as to the cube of the rpm b|ower speed.
A|so, at 700-rpm & .2" 8P for heat|ng my %hermo Pr|de 0 11 w|th |ts quarter hp motor
w||| de||ver 1200-6FH; add a coo||ng co||, & at .5 8P |t w||| de||ver on|y 400-6FH.

Keep|ng the tota| stat|c pressure as |ow as poss|b|e and w|th|n mfg'ers 8P
requ|rements for a|r cond|t|on|ng |s the f|rst requ|rement |n an eff|c|ent system des|gn.

%w, what |s the average pressure drop across the new +90 h|gh eff|c|ency furnace
condensers? %hat pressure drop shou|d be pub||shed by a|| of the compan|es!
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The North Country Oil furnace A/C or heat pump scenario:
Here is just one scenario; the small one story home with a basement requires only
14,000-BTUH oI cooling but it has a 112,000-BTUH Oil Iurnace with a belt-drive
quarter HP blower motor.
Three things have to be done right; first, the evaporator coil has to be sized to Ilow at
least 1250-cIm that requires a 3-ton coil.
Second, the evaporator coil has to be mounted at least 6 above the Oil Iurnace to
eliminate an airIlow restriction between it and the super large heat exchanger near the
top oI the Iurnace.
Third, the belt drive motor has to be replaced by a multi-speed direct-drive blower
motor that will deliver the correct 1250-cIm Ior heating & 600 to 675-cIm airIlow Ior
cooling.
I have witnessed a 2-ton evaporator coil being installed directly on top oI the Oil
Iurnace & the quarter HP direct drive motor leIt in place.
Can you cite the horrendous problems this creates?
Think through what you`re doing & the consequences beIore doing it
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
wARN|NC: on un|ts w|th a %hermostat|c pans|on Va|ve (%XV}, you cannot
use the suct|on pressure to check the charge; many appear to be do|ng th|s; |t
te||s you noth|ng. 0n|y after you have ver|f|ed that a|| the co||s are c|ean & the
a|rf|ow |s r|ght-on, can you beg|n to check the system's charge us|ng
8ubcoo||ng method w|th a 8uperheat check. A|ways check the actua|
0e||vered A|rf|ow 6FH before check|ng the charge, get |t
R|ght!

%here |s a %XV system that has very |ow a|rf|ow, actua||y |ess than 200-cfm
per-ton of coo||ng, they're on|y check|ng the suct|on pressure & say|ng the
charge & everyth|ng |s okay! %hat system has a %XV & shows; 98-F
condenser saturat|on temp & 97-F ||qu|d ||ne temp near -6o||, a mere 1-F
8ubcoo||ng, |t's undercharged even w|th a mere 200-cfm per-ton coo||ng |oad!
Unbe||evab|e, but |t's happen|ng out there... Use my 8uperheat 8ubcoo||ng
6harg|ng page!
==========================
A|r 6ond|t|on|ng Performance 0|agnos|s us|ng ||sted (6%} 6ondens|ng %emperatures
Us|ng Coodman 1-8R "panded Performance 0ata"

F|nd the correct (6%} 6ondens|ng %emperature w|th the fo||ow|ng known mfg'ers data.

0utdoor Amb|ent %emp (0A%} 85-F; |0 75-F; |w 3-F or 507-Rh.
|sted pressure |s 31-ps|g, or 99-F 6%; that |s 99-F -85-F |s a 14-F 8P|%.

%he de|ta % or temp-sp||t shou|d be w|th|n a 10-ps|g range or, +|- 2-F degrees; 97 or 101-
F.

%he mfg'ers 8upp|y 0ut|et shou|d be ab|e to prov|de 6ontractors & %echs w|th those
performance data charts. Coodman has the|r "panded Performance 0ata" on the
|nternet. %Uh = 6FH X entha|py d|fference from 6hart X 4.5 <-C||c|
8|ze for coo||ng; s|ze lre equ|prerl ard sysler oased or 100 ol lre Tola| Coo||rg Load
(oolr sers|o|e ard |alerl |oads) al aclua| ouldoor des|gr cord|l|ors. 3|ze lre ducl sysler
proper|y & ra|e cerla|r lral lre proper a|rl|oW & opl|ra| real|oad |s pass|rg lrrougr lre
evaporalor co|| dur|rg rosl ol lre operal|rg rurl|re. To 0pl|r|ze Payoac| ard |oWer
operal|rg cosls a|Ways do as rary lr|rgs as you car lo Reduce lre realga|r-
real|oss EF0RE do|rg lre rarua| J |oad ca|c & rarua| 3 lor s|z|rg lre
equ|prerl.
To select the 'proper size heating, air conditioning, and duct system Ior a home,
seven Iactors must be considered and all changes made prior to sizing equipment:
1. Improving Insulation Values and Reducing InIiltration, including e-windows, doors,
etc.
2. Reducing Air leakage - air leakage accounts Ior between 25 percent and 50 percent
oI the energy used Ior heating and cooling in a typical older residence.
3. Solar orientation - and ways to reduce the radiant heatload should be considered.
4. The Internal BTU heat generation oI appliances and people must be added.

5. Design conditions (typical outdoor and indoor weather conditions, humidity levels,
etc.) A scientiIic calculation (manual J) called a Heat Loss/Heat Gain Calc, tabulates
these Iactors into a load scenario Ior heating and cooling based on summer & winter
outdoor design conditions Ior the climate where the home is located.
By comparing the heat loss/gain to manuIacturer's equipment perIormance data, a
properly sized heating and cooling system is selected. Use indoor design oI 75-F dry
bulb and 63-F wet bulb, around 50 Relative Humidity.
6. Proper & thorough ductwork testing and design Is Extremely Important Ior
eIIiciency & BTUH perIormance - The evaporator coil needs to have an optimal
heatload passing through it most oI the time in order to approach achieving its Rated
BTUH Capacities & its EER & SEER Ratings.

7. Study the diIIuser data in respect to room CFM, the required throw & a diIIuser
Face Velocity oI around 600-Ipm, & a Terminal Velocity at the human occupant level
area oI 50 to 75-Ipm. This is critical toward achieving an optimal human comIort
zone.
wral srou|d you expecl lror lre average real|rg ard coo||rg corlraclor?
wrer a lyp|ca| real|rg ard coo||rg corlraclor quoles lre ell|c|ercy ol lre equ|prerl (3EER or
AFuE) ard |eads you lo oe||eve lre reW equ|prerl W||| auloral|ca||y de||ver lral ell|c|ercy,
lr|r| aga|r. Typ|ca| |rsla||ed equ|prerl or|y operales al 55 lo Z0 ol raled capac|ly.

ll |s |rporlarl lo urderslard lral equ|prerl ral|rgs are or|y lre polerl|a| ell|c|ercy ol lral
corporerl ol lre sysler urder perlecl cord|l|ors. 0ver ra|l ol lre sysler's ell|c|ercy
deperds or lre ducl sysler ard lre l|e|d-|rsla||al|or. Crec| lor Relurr A|r draW|rg
lol A|r lror all|c areas, elc.l

Ar A/C's sysler ell|c|ercy car oller oe |rcreased oy a s||||ed lecr lror 10 lo 50. Tre
o|ggesl oerel|l |s lre |rcrease |r corlorl ard |oWer ul|||ly o|||sl

Tre real |oss/real ga|r ca|cu|ales lre arourl ol real lrarsler oy corporerl, oased or lre
surlace area, ard lrer laou|ales lre lola| lrarsler lor a|| ol lre corporerls.

A|r |ea|age > a|r |nf||trat|on: Up to 50 ol ar average rore's real |oss/real ga|r |s
allr|oulao|e lo a|r |ea|age, a|r |rl||lral|or. Trerelore, delerr|r|rg lre proper |ea|age/a|r
|rl||lral|or rale lor a spec|l|c rore |s pararourl. 0es|gr |ea|age/a|r |rl||lral|or rales are oased
or dWe|||rg s|ze ard projecled ell|c|ercy or aclua| reasured perlorrarce.

3o|ar or|erlal|or, or lre arourl ol W|rdoW surlace area ard lre d|recl|or a rore laces car
rave lrererdous |rpacl or lre coo||rg reeds (real ga|r). 3|r||ar rouses W|lr d|llererl so|ar
or|erlal|or W||| rave d|llererl coo||rg |oads. 0|ass lac|rg easl/Wesl ras rore real ga|r lrar
g|ass lac|rg soulr or Norlr.

Tre serv|ce lecrs srou|d use a rarua| 0 lo proper|y s|ze lre duclWor| supp|y a|r ra|rs ard
rurs lo oul|el d|llusers, as We|| as lre 's|z|rg ol lre relurr a|r ducl|rg |r re|al|orsr|p lo lre
Tul/CFV requ|rererls ol lre var|ous roors.

0ua||l|ed persorre| rusl perlorr a|| |rsla||al|ors ard serv|ces. Tre ducl sysler s|z|rg ard
|oad s|z|rg ca|cu|al|or srou|d lo||oW lre des|gr slardards ol A|r Cord|l|or|rg Corlraclors ol
Arer|ca (ACCA) - Varua|s 0 & J -or lre Arer|car 3oc|ely ol leal|rg, Relr|geral|or & A|r
Cord|l|or|rg Erg|reers, lrc. (A3lRAE) Furdarerla|s vo|ure (|alesl ed|l|or).
----------
wrer s|z|rg ducls, lre use ol ore va|ue lrrougroul W||| assure |rcorrecl ducl s|ze lor rary
orarcr ruroul ducl segrerls. ll 0.05 |s used, rear|y ra|l ol lre rurouls ol lre sysler W||| oe
overs|zed, resu|l|rg |r lrose zores oe|rg loo co|d |r surrer, resu|l|rg |r lre rera|r|rg rurouls
lurlrerrosl lror lre a|r rard|er oe|rg urders|zed, creal|rg zores lral are loo Warr |r
surrer.

Tre resu|l |s a rurar corlorl des|gr la||ure. Tre rod|l|ed equa| lr|cl|or relrod ol Varua| 0,
requ|res lral lre ava||ao|e slal|c pressure lror lre lar oe 'corsured' oy lre ducl lrrougr |ls
rur lror lar lo oul|el/|r|el, W|lr ro srorlage or excess al lre erd.

Pressure drop per 100 ll |s rol ar |rpul, |l |s a ca|cu|aled |rlerred|ale va|ue. A corlraclor Wro
|roWs roW lo do lre ca|cu|al|ors lo delerr|re lre ava||ao|e slal|c pressure, ard correcl|y
a||ocale |l lo lre supp|y rurouls ard relurr, |s a rare lecr.

Tr|s page does rol exp|a|r everylr|rg you reed lo |roW aooul proper ducl s|z|rg a sysler lor
opl|ra| corlorl, oul prov|des sore gerera| gu|de||res ard corcepls.
======================================================
ou cou|d oa||par| lre CFV us|rg lre slal|c lesl & lre a|r rard|er's grapr. ou cou|d reasure
lre CFV de||vered lo eacr roor W|lr a rood A|ror a|oreler, |l's usua||y lre oesl |rslrurerl lo
use, oul rol creap. Heasur|ng the a|r ve|oc|ty from d|ffuser's |s a b|t tr|cky because you
shou|d use the d|ffuser mfg'ers data wh|ch you shou|d a|ways have w|th you.

ou car usua||y gel lre d|lluser rlg'ers dala, say |ls a 1.5-Tor sysler lral a|ready ras rd
orarcr ducl rurs, lo acr|eve erougr CFV a|rl|oW, you reed Z00-FPV ve|oc|ly |r lre ducls.
l Wou|d Warl lo use a d|lluser W|lr a ||ll|e rore lree oper sq.ll area lrar lre ducl Wr|cr area
|s 0.1935-sq.ll., say r|dd|e ol lre roor |r lre ce|||rg;
larl & Coo|ey 2-Way curved o|ade 12x ras A| .235-sq.ll. Free-A|r-Area de||ver|rg 110-CFV al
00-FPV - d|lluser lace ve|oc|ly.

%h|s wou|d he|p |ower the ve|oc|ty of the duct through the d|ffuser & reduce a|r no|se.
%hrow |s 7.5-ft toward each wa||. %erm|na| ve|oc|ty at the occupant |eve| |s 75-FPH.

0ne duct y|e|ds 1406FH t|mes 5 out|et runs y|e|ds 87-6FH X's 30-%Uh per 6FH =
20,1-%Uh, about r|ght.
whatever 6FH you need for that room or area, d|v|de the 8q.Ft. free-a|r-area |nto the
requ|res 6FH to get the FPH ve|oc|ty.

8ay we're us|ng 450-cfm|ton of a|rf|ow; 12,000-%Uh | 450= 2.-%Uh per 6FH. You
need 300-%Uh for that room, 300 | 2. that's 135-6FH | by .235-sq.ft. d|ffuser area
|s on|y 574-fpm face ve|oc|ty. Us|ng 400-cfm per|ton | 12000-%Uh |s 30-%Uh per 6FH.

Ta||rg lre rar|lo|d gage read pressure & gage condens|ng temperature |s very |mportant
data. Coup|ed W|lr a corderser a|r d|scrarge lerp-read|rg, |l lre condenser gage pres|temp
|s too h|gh compared to the %h read|ng, there may be non-condens|b|es |n the system.

A|so, there |s a |eg|t|mate formu|a | use to determ|ne the operat|ng %Uh |t |s de||ver|ng
at a|| the data taken. A|| the mfg'ers ought to ||st the condenser temp-sp||t (|t var|es w|th
R & 8R} just ||ke they ||st the |ndoor sp||t, |t |s va|uab|e troub|e shoot|ng |nfo.

You can a|so use the condenser temp-sp||t (|t conta|ns both atent & sens|b|e heat}
comb|ned w|th the |ndoor data to p|ot the |ndoor 6FH. | was never good at math, but
those equat|ons have to ba|ance, & they do work!
======================================
0u|ck 6heck for 8|z|ng Un|ts to enough A|rf|ow

lore oWrers, aclua||y, ever or serv|ce ca||s Wrere lrere are coo||rg proo|ers lre duclWor|
srou|d rave a qu|c| Varua| 0 perlorred.

Trer la|e lre E3P slal|c pressure & corpare lo o|oWer grapr or crarl, a|so la|e lre FPV
ducl/d|lluser ve|oc|ly.

lave or do a rarua| J real-ga|r ca|c lor eacr roor. ll a roor ca||s lor 3,000-Tul; l|rsl d|v|de
12,000-Tul oy lre CFV PER T0N you Warl lo use.
.C., wet co||, 12,000|400-cfm per|ton=30-%Uh per each 6FH; wet co|| 12,000|425-cfm
per|ton=28.235294; 3000|28.235-= 10.25-6FH.
E.0., rd ducl .=3.Z851=28.2Z11sq.|rs/111=0.1935-sq.ft.;us|rg 150-clr per/lor dry
co||: 131.25-clr / 0.1935-sq.ll= or 8.1-lpr ve|oc|ly.

Trer do a qu|c| esl|rale ol a|rf|ow per equ|pment tonnage.
To l|rd area ol a rourd ducl; 0ucl d|ar |s Z; ZXZ= 19-sq.|rs., X's .Z851 = 38.01815-sq.|rs
d|v|ded/ oy 111= 0.2Z2511-sq.ll. area X's FPH Ve|oc|ty 00-FPH = 10.3521-CFV X30 =
4,810.5738 each 7" run X's branch runs = 28,83-%Uh, or a|rf|ow for 2.4-ton.
(12,000-%Uh /100-clr per-lor = 30-Tu per clr ral|o j / 150 = 2.-Tul per-clr)

Tral Wou|d a|so oe good lor 2-lor; al 550-FPH ve|oc|ty X's 0.2Z2511= 11Z-CFV X 30 =
1,110-Tul eacr rur X -rurs = a|rl|oW lor 2,10-Tul.

Never se|| un|ts requ|r|ng more a|rf|ow than the duct system w||| support! - 0arre||
udarre||

Aclua||y, ever or serv|ce ca||s Wrere lrere are coo||rg proo|ers lre duclWor| srou|d rave a
qu|c| Varua| 0 perlorred.

Trer la|e lre E3P slal|c pressure & corpare lo o|oWer grapr or crarl, a|so la|e lre FPV ducl
ve|oc|ly.

Trer do a qu|c| esl|rale ol a|rf|ow per equ|pment tonnage.
To l|rd area ol a rourd ducl; 0ucl d|ar |s Z; ZXZ= 19-sq.|rs., X's .Z851 = 38.01815-sq.|rs
d|v|ded/ oy 111= 0.2Z2511-sq.ll. area X's FPV ve|oc|ly 550-FPV = 10.3521-CFV X30 =
1,810.5Z38 eacr Z rur X's orarcr rurs = 28,83-Tul, or a|rl|oW lor 2.1-lor.

Tral Wou|d a|so oe good lor 2-lor; al 550-FPV ve|oc|ly X's 0.2Z2511= 11Z-CFV X 30 =
1,110-Tul eacr rur X -rurs = a|rl|oW lor 2,10-Tul
(12,000-%Uh /100-clr per-lor = 30-Tu per clr ral|o j / 150 = 2.-Tul per-clr)

0on't have supp|y a|r d|ffuser eng|neer|ng data: free a|r area of hart & 6oo|ey, one, 2 &
3-way d|ffusers |s about 507 of the sq.ft. area of the d|ffuser's ||sted s|ze. Hu|t|p|y that
f|gure by FPH ve|oc|ty to get the 6FH. A|so, search, |ma & J&J Reg|ster for the|r (Ak}
numbers.

Coog|e search hart & 6oo|ey, a|so th|s pdf m|ght he|p you se|ect the r|ght d|ffuser for
the part|cu|ar app||cat|on, & ||st (Ak} free sq.ft., area of the d|ffusers:
http:||www.r||eysa|es.com|hott|ps|res|z|ngregandd|ffuser.pdf

Recommended Return-Air main velocities should be 600-fpm or
Iess, on Branch Return Air ducts try for 550-fpm or Iess velocities.
Keep a|r ve|oc|l|es lrrougr lre RA F||ler(s) as |oW as poss|o|e.
R%URN A|R F|%R RA6K8
Hanua| 0, recommended c|ean f||ter ve|oc|ty |s 300-fpm, |ower yet |s better. 8ee the
math be|ow.
Ve|oc|t|es h|gher than 500 fpm w||| decrease f||ter performance. |ncrease f|ow
res|stance, and poss|b|y
b|ow off co||ect|ons of d|rt. Heasure Ve|oc|ty 1" from RA gr|||e face.
Average Free A|r area of most Return A|r gr|||es about .907; 6|ean Return A|r
F||ter free-a|r-area |s around .507 th|s w||| vary; | use .457 for both.

%herefore, measur|ng the open area of the gr|||e sq.|ns. X's .457 |n|t|a| 900-
sq.|ns= 405-sq.|ns.,
| 144=2.8125-8F X 300-FPH Ve| = on|y 843.75-6FH of a|rf|ow; enough for a 2-
%on system.
.
Never se|| un|ts requ|r|ng more a|rf|ow than the duct system & f||ter area w|||
support! - 0arre|| ude|rover udarre||
---------------------------------------------------------------
An affordab|e test |nstrument you need!
A|| l rad Was lre 3||rg Psycrroreler & sp|rr|rg |l Was a o|l l|re corsur|rg, oul l used |l
re||g|ous|y, |l |s |rlorral|or you reed.

%he %esto 05-h2 hum|d|ty 8t|ck (wet bu|b}, d|sp|ays re|at|ve hum|d|ty, a|r temperature
and wet bu|b temperature.

ll |s very allordao|e & oecause ol |ls polerl|a| lo re|p de||ver lors ol olrer dala everyore srou|d
rave orel

For rore |rlorral|or or |l:
rllp://WWW.arazor.cor/Teslo-05-l2-l.../dp/000ZZ1A

Tre olrer lesl dala you reed |s lre sysler's CFV a|rl|oW lrrougr lre evaporalor co||, lrer W|lr
sollWare l rave you car peg lre Tul lre operal|rg ur|l |s de||ver|rg urder lrose cord|l|ors.
Add lo lral a |oW cosl Vagrere||c gauge lo read slal|c pressures lo corpare W|lr rlg'ers
o|oWer perlorrarce crarls; p|us a ve|oc|ly reler & you rave a oa||par|ed CFV lo p|ug |rlo lor
lre Tul.

we cou|d eas||y prov|de a dela||ed psycrrorelr|c pr|rl oul ol exacl|y Wral lre operal|rg sysler
|s de||ver|rg |rc|ud|rg cordersale |os/rr, & aclua| sers|o|e & |alerl coo||rg Tul & Ral|o,
every dala dela|| |rag|rao|e.

Tr|r| aooul Wral lral Wou|d rear lo you & lrose you serve. - 0arre||

0eterm|n|ng wh|ch meter|ng dev|ce the system has w|thout phys|ca||y |ook|ng

ll you do rol aoso|ule|y |roW Wrelrer lre reler|rg dev|ce |s a TXv, or a l|xed or|l|ce dev|ce or cap luoe.

loo| up your rar|lo|d gauges, o|oc| oll cors|derao|e corderser a|r |rla|e lor a srorl l|re.
ll lre sucl|or pressure slarls r|s|rg, you rave a p|slor, or a cap luoe.
ll or|y lre r|gr s|de goes up, you rave a TXv.
0oub|e check us|ng 8uperheat, |f 8uperheat stays re|at|ve|y stab|e when the pressures change |t's a %XV.
lave lr|rgs W|lr you |r your var or lruc| lo o|oc|-oll lre erler|rg corderser a|r lor a srorl l|re.
6heck every t|me you are not certa|n what meter|ng dev|ce |t has.
%here w||| be a |ot of guess|ng |n the future.

0o lr|s procedure or |roWr reler|rg dev|ces lo ooserve lre d|llererce.
Reporl oac| lo re roW We|| |l Wor|s lor you.

lr sore s|lual|ors, lral cou|d save you lror cull|rg a ro|e |r lre p|erur.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8upp|y A|r (8A} and Return A|r (RA} -- rear lre ce|||rg or rear lre l|oor
For coo||rg oolr 3A ard RA Wor| oeller rear ar 8 lool r|gr ce|||rg. Tre 3A d|llusers srou|d
d|slr|oule lre a|r rear lre ce|||rg lo lre Wa||s or a|| s|des ol eacr ol lre roors. wrelrer a s|rg|e
relurr sysler, or a ru|l|p|e relurr sysler |s used, lrere rusl oe a |oW res|slarce palr
oelWeer every roor ard lre rearesl relurr a|r oper|rg. Tr|s car oe dore oy us|rg Wa||
lrarsler gr|||es, door gr|||es, or jurp ducls.

To qu|c||y a|d you |r eva|ual|rg ex|sl|rg ducl syslers, rev|eW lre crarl oe|oW. To |rsure lre
recessary a|r rard||rg capac|ly ol a ducl sysler, eacr ol lre sysler's corporerls (lrur|
||res, la|eolls, rurs, d|llusers, reg|slers, ard gr||| lree areas) rusl oe proper|y s|zed ard
ralcred logelrer. A 12x8 ducl W|lr a 350-CFV capac|ly, lor exarp|e, w| N0% f|ow 350-
6FH |f the boot & d|ffuser(s} combo can on|y f|ow a tota| of 200-6FH w|th|n specs.

%h|s hart & 6oo|ey pdf m|ght he|p you se|ect the r|ght d|ffuser for the part|cu|ar
app||cat|on:
http:||www.r||eysa|es.com|hott|ps|res|z|ngregandd|ffuser.pdf
Tre oool s|ze & reg|sler s|ze |s delerr|red oy lre lrroW, spread, drop, Terr|ra| ve|oc|ly ol 50
lo Z5-lpr al lre occuparl |eve|, & ro|se c|ass accord|rg lo lre CFV lral rusl oe de||vered lo
lre roor. Trose spec|l|cal|ors are |ocaled |r lre lecrr|ca| erg|reer|rg pages lral lre d|lluser
rlg'er ras ava||ao|e lo lre dea|er d|slr|oulors.
wrer s|z|rg lre relurr a|r ducl sysler, lre a|r rard||rg capac|ly Vu3T E E0uAL T0 lre
3uPPL 33TEV al a r|r|rur, l Wou|d overs|ze lre relurr duclWor|. ll |s recorrerded lral
corlraclors lo||oW des|gr pararelers eslao||sred oy ACCA or A3lRAE or lre relurr a|r ducl
syslers.

ll al a|| poss|o|e, use |rsu|aled rela| duclWor|. For leal purps, F|gure 150-CFV per Tul lor CFV j
Rourd 0ucl j 3quare lrcres j Reclargu|ar 0ucls j 8A use 0.0" Fr|ct|on Rate (FR} per 100
foot, 0.05" FR for Return A|r.

F|CUR|NC R00H 6FH - 0U6% 8|Z8
&sing manual J heat-gain calculations for each room for
cooling, then add up all of the rooms for the entire house.

ou must know & record the operating Ieet per minute (FPM) velocity &
the CFM to each room & the Total CFM airIlow! Every tech should be
using an anemometer to check operating airIlow velocities in FPM & then
Iigure the CFM airIlow's.
Arolrer qu|c| relrod: Tre real ga|r ard lu/rr ol coo||rg |s dore lor eacr roor.
At 400-6FH per|ton of coo||ng, 12,000-%Uh | 400-cfm = 30-%Uh for each (6FH} 6ub|c
Foot per H|nute of A|rf|ow.
At 40-6FH per|ton coo||ng use 12,000 | 450-cfm = 2-%Uh per each 6FH, | wou|d use
40-cfm per-ton for a|rf|ow & duct s|z|ng; 3000-btuh | 2= 115-6FH at 00-fpm ve|oc|ty
w|th a " duct run.

ou must know & record the operating Ieet per minute (FPM) velocity &
the CFM to each room & the Total CFM airIlow! Every tech should be
using an anemometer to check operating airIlow velocities in FPM & then
Iigure the CFM airIlow's.
Arolrer qu|c| relrod: Tre real ga|r ard lu/rr ol coo||rg |s dore lor eacr roor.
At 40-6FH per|ton coo||ng use 12,000 | 40-cfm = 2-%Uh per each 6FH, for duct
s|z|ng.

Trer 3e|ecl 3upp|y ducl s|ze oy CFV, ve|oc|ly, & opl|ra| 3upp|y A|r (FR) Fr|cl|or Rale.
Us|ng 40-6FH per ton; a Room requ|res 300-tu|hr d|v|ded | by 2 equa|s 138-6FH, or
around a 7" d|a. R0 meta| duct.
You need-> F|ve duct runs for 1.5-ton un|t, 18,000-%Uh: (|f were qua| room |oads}
18000 | 5-runs= 300-%Uh | 2 = 138-6FH each 7" duct ve|oc|ty 500-fpm Ve|oc|ty
20' branch runs 500-fpm ve|oc|ty at a Fr|ct|on Rate 0.03" per 20'.

Formu|a for f|nd|ng 6FH A|rf|ow
ll you car reasure lre a|r ve|oc|ly cor|rg lror a ducl, rere |s a rougr oa||par| lorru|a lo gel
lre CFV:
6FH = (ve|oc|ty |n (FPH} Feet per H|nute t|mes the square footage of the duct area}
l.E., 1 Rd ducl 201-sq.|rs. X's 0.0091 = 1.39191-sq.ll. X's ve|oc|ly ol 800-lpr = 111-CFV
T|res 1000-FPV = 1395-CFV. rarcr ducls: Z Rd ducl 38.18-sq. |rs. X's 0.0091 =
0.2Z0512-sq.ll. X's 500-lpr=133.5-CFV
Exarp|e, t|mes a ve|oc|ty of 00-FPH X's 0.0091 = 10-6FH, lre ve|oc|ty |s a b|g 6FH &
%Uh number changer for rooms.

ll |s oeller lo use a duclu|alor lo erao|e lre use ol lre appropr|ale ve|oc|ly Fr|cl|or Rale
oa|arces lo acr|eve lre correcl CFV or eacr rarcr Rur, elc.

Tr|s crarl |s |r accordarce W|lr lre lorrage ol lre ur|l.
Res|derl|a| rela| 0ucl 0es|gr var|es lror as |oW as .02 or Relurrs, lo -
3upp|y Trur| rurs doWr lo 0.05 Fr|cl|or Rale pressure drop per 100 leel ol ducl.

Relra|r lror us|rg F|ex ducl, |l uravo|dao|e, use .03 lo .05 pressure drop or |oWer per 100 leel
ol ducl rur.
A 3.5-Tor ra|r rur al 150-CFV Per Coo||rg Tor Wou|d requ|re ar 20 rd ra|r lrur| rur, Wr|cr
W||| a|so Wor| lor real purps.

15Z5-CFV j 20 rd ducl j 0ross s|z|rg ol Relurr A|r (RA) l||ler gr|||es: 200 sq. |rs. Per Tor ol
coo||rg.

A 5-lor sysler srou|d rave lWo 500 sq. |r. Relurr A|r F||ler 0r|||es. (0r, (lWo) 25 x 20 Relurr
A|r l||ler gr|||es lor 5-lor.)

Tr|s |s lo lry lo reduce lre a|r ve|oc|ly lrrougr a c|ear l||ler lo 300-FPV ard lo reduce lre
resu|larl pressure drops as lre l||ler |oads. Tre lree a|r area ol a l||ler srou|d oe slaled or lre
edge ol lre l||ler oy lre rlg'er.

ll |s very |rporlarl lo s|ze eacr ducl lo lre CFV ard ve|oc|ly reeded lor lre roor served |r
accordarce W|lr lre rarua| J |oad ard rarua| 0 ducl des|gr. 0arpers' or loo |arge a ducl, |l
darpered loo rucr, Wou|d resu|l |r loo rucr ve|oc|ly |oss.

0rce you |roW lre rarua| J |oads, ruroer ol ducl-rurs ard lre ve|oc|l|es, Fr|cl|or Rales, &
CFVs lor eacr roor, you car use lre reg|sler/d|lluser dala lo gel requ|red lrroWs, elc. (|.e.,
larl Coo|ey lror your supp||er).

Exarp|e: 0re-way - Adjuslao|e 10x d|lluser; se|ecl a ducl s|ze lral prov|des 80-CFV _ 00-
lpr, Wr|cr W||| prov|de ar 8.5-lool lrroW. larl & Coo|ey ||sls a Pressure Loss lrrougr lre
d|lluser al .022 ol ar |rcr.

Cors|der lre reg|sler/d|llusers you are go|rg lo use ard lre var|ous CFVs' & TrroWs' you reed
accord|rg lo your des|gr |ayoul. - 0arre||

0U6% 8|Z|NC 6hAR%8 Residential Main 7runk Runs for Appro|mate|y 450-6FH Per
%on - U8 Hanua| 0!
Res|dent|a| 8upp|y A|r - used 800-FPH as HAX for Ha|n Runs - 8A: 8upp|y A|r; RA:
Return A|r
1.5 ton 700-6FH 13"meta| Ha|n133-sq."8A 70-fpm FR .07 [ RA 1" 201" 500-6FH FR 0.01" (FR. 25' run}
1.5 ton 750-CFV 14" ranch 154-sq." 702-fpm FR .05 [ RA 1" 537-6FH per ton 8A|RA f|oor |eve|
2-ton 900-6FH 14-8A Rd 154-sq." 854-fpm [ 18"-RA 254 510-fpm
2.5-ton 1125-cfm 1" meta| Rd 201-sq" 80-fpm [ RA 20" RA 51-fpm
3-ton 1350-cfm 18" meta| 254-sq" 74-fpm [ RA 22" 512-FPH
3.5-ton 1575-cfm 20"meta| 314-sq" [ RA 22" Rd 314-sq" 531-FPH
4-ton 1800-cfm 20"-8A 314-sq" 825-fpm [ RA 24" Rd 380-sq" 573-fpm
5-ton 2000-cfm 22" 8A 380-sq" 758-fpm [ RA 24" Rd 452-sq" 37-fpm
Torrage CrarlsForru|a lor l|rd|rg CFV A|rl|oW lror ve|oc|ly |r FPV aoove lor
Va|r Rur 3|z|rg, crec| crarl oe|oW
ll you car reasure lre a|r ve|oc|ly cor|rg lror a |roWr s|ze ducl or oper area ol a
3A reg|sler, rere |s a rougr oa||par| lorru|a lo gel lre CFV:
150-clr per lor j Vax|rur 900-lpr Trur| 3upp|y A|r (3A)
Rurouls 500 lo 00-lpr, 500-lpr or |ess or Relurrs j
Relurr A|r 350 lo 00-lpr LoWer |s oeller - use |arge ducls
Tre l||ler rac| area s|zed lor lree-a|r-area lo acr|eve ar |r|l|a| 300-FPV ve|oc|ly
lrrougr lre l||ler
Fr|cl|or Rales W||| oe very |oWl
Va|r Trur|s 0.03 lo 0.1 3upp|y A|r (3A) Rurs.
F|gur|rg ducl s|ze - clr lror requ|red Tul ol eacr roor. us|rg 150-clr per 12,000-Tul
(ore lor) 12,000 / 150 = 2.-Tul per CFV

A roor requ|r|rg 1,000-Tul / 2. = 150-clr j Crarl 150-clr = Z rourd rela| ducl or
38.18-3q.lr. 3quare ducl. Us|ng Heta| 0uct!
l Wou|d use a Z ducl, or a 38.18-sq.|r. ducl. us|rg 125-clr per lor 12,000-Tul 1,000-Tul
|s a lr|rd ol 12,000-Tul.
Trerelore, 1,000-Tul roor requ|rererl, us|rg 150-clr per lor (a|rl|oW 1/3 ol a lor) X's
.3333 =
150-cfm or 7" duct [ 25' w|th (2} 90's, Ve|. 52-FPH Fr|ct|on Rate (FR} 0.04"


6FH = (ve|oc|ty |n (FPH} Feet per H|nute t|mes the 8quare Footage of the duct area}. %o
convert sq.|ns. mu|t|p|y by 0.0094 for sq.ft., or d|v|de sq.|ns. by 144.

6onvert|ng square duct |rcres lo rourd ducl s|ze, F|gur|rg lre 3quare lrcres ol Rourd
0ucls, ar 8 x 8 ducl = 1-sq.|rs. x .Z851 = 50.2 sq. |rs. ou rourd oll lo 50 sq. |rs. lor ar 8
ducl. 0r, s|mp|y gett|ng the square |nches of round ducts: a 7" duct; 7" 7" = 49 .7854
= 38.48-sq.|ns. or d|v|de | by 144 = .272222-sq.ft. X's a ve|oc|ty of 500-fpm = 133.-cub|c
feet per m|nute de||vered to the room; 133.-cfm 30 = 4,008-%Uh.

3|zed lor |r lre crarl oe|oW - Tu/rr per CFV l|gures are l|gured lor realpurps al 150-CFV
per lor ol coo||rg.
use 800 lo 900-FPV VAlN3' vEL. use ar opl|rur ol 500-FPV vEL lor 3upp|y rarcr Rurs j
A|r speed Face ol Relurr.

A|r F||ter Rack 8|z|ng
ACCA Varua| 0 spec|l|es or Relurr-A|r F||ler gr|||es a maximum of 300-FPM
velocity:
Recommended Main Supply-Air velocities for rigid duct should be
700-fpm & a Max of 900-fpm, for flex duct 600-fpm.
Recommended Branch Supply-Air velocities rigid & flex 600-fpm.

Recommended Return-Air main duct velocities should be 600-fpm
or Iess, on Branch Return Air ducts try for 550-fpm or Iess velocities.
Keep a|r ve|oc|l|es lrrougr lre RA F||ler(s) as |oW as poss|o|e.

hVA6-%AK

ArdylredreW 10/08/09 j 0uole:
Is a 24x30 Iilter grille large enough Ior a 3.5 ton system?
es & No...
#ETU#N AI# FILTE# #ACKS
A l||ler gr|||e |s lo oe s|zed rol lo exceed Varua| 0's 300-lpr rax|rur ve|oc|ly.
use lre lorrage's CFV /d|v|ded oy 300-FPV ve|. = sq.ll. ol lree-a|r-area ol l||ler &
gr|||e j CFV /d|v|ded oy l||ler gr|||e's sq.ll. lree-a|r-area = FPV ve|oc|ly.

You rea||y can't have too much f||ter gr|||e area; more |s a|ways better because they are
a|ways |oad|ng.
A66A Hanua| 0 spec|f|es on Return-A|r F||ter gr|||es a ma|mum of 300-FPH ve|oc|ty.

Ve|oc|t|es h|gher than 500 fpm w||| decrease f||ter performance. |ncrease f|ow res|stance,
and poss|b|y b|ow off co||ect|ons of d|rt. Heasure Ve|oc|ty 1" from RA gr|||e face.

Average Free A|r Area of most Return A|r measured gr|||e port|on |s about .957; 6|ean
Return A|r F||ter free-a|r-area |s around .557, th|s w||| vary; | use .507 for both. You can
put |n rea| deep p|eated f||ter gr|||es; a|ways have a deep enough bo to the RA duct so
the [Ujf||ter area[|Uj |s not reduced to the entry d|ameter of the RA duct.

%he f||ter mfg'ers ought to be requ|red to ||st the free-a|r-area of the|r f||ters, & then state
on the packag|ng or on the f||ter, the ||m|t of 6FH to stay w|th|n 300-fpm ve|oc|ty through
the|r c|ean f||ter.

%hen how much free-a|r-area does that f||ter des|gn have?
%hat depends on the type of f||ter(s} used.

Vosl 3.5 lo 5-Tor syslers requ|re lWo l||ler rac|s exler|or ol lre a|rrard|er lo acr|eve a |oW
erougr a|r ve|oc|ly lrrougr lrose l||lers. Vosl 1 & 5-Tor syslers rear|y a|Ways rave loo rucr
a|r ve|oc|ly lrrougr |r|l|a| c|ear l||lers, |el a|ore Wrer lrey oeg|r |oad|rg.

Average Free A|r area of most Return A|r gr|||es may be
about 907.

Vosl 1 & 5-Tor syslers requ|re two f||ter racks exler|or ol lre a|rrard|er lo acr|eve
a |oW erougr a|r ve|oc|ly lrrougr lrose l||lers. Vosl 1 & 5-Tor syslers rear|y
a|Ways rave loo rucr a|r ve|oc|ly lrrougr |r|l|a| c|ear l||lers, |el a|ore Wrer lrey
oeg|r |oad|rg.
For a heat pump system, I wouId go for 4-ton sizing on the
Return-Air FiIter GriIIes for your 3.5-Ton condenser & 4-Ton
indoor cooI.

For amp|e on a 4-%on A|6 or heat Pump:
Lel's |oo| al two, Relurr A|r rac|/gr|||es 25-sq.|rs., eacr lor 1250-sq.|rs X .Z5 =
lree-a|r-area ol 93Z.5-sq.|rs., X's .Z5 lor lre l||ler = Z03-sq.|rs., / 111 |s 1.88-
sq.ll., lree-a|r-area; lrer 100-clr / 1.88-sq.ll. |s 328-lpr ve|oc|ly W|lr a c|ear l||ler
|r lre rac|.

The fiIter wiII reduce the sq.ft. free-air-area, thus increasing the
fpm veIocity, as it Ioads.

*AII fiIter mfg'ers should print the free air area of the clean filter on the edge
of the filter (we need that data) along with the pressure drop data.

Ve|oc|ty |n FPH = KroWr des|gred CFV lo roor d|v|ded / oy 8q. feet ol ducl area.
l.E., 8 ducl 8x8 = 1 x .Z851 = 50.2-sq. lr. area / 111 = 0.3190-sq.leel j
des|gred CFV lo roor |s 1Z3-CFV / .3190 = ve|oc|ly ol 501-FPV, you car use
a duclu|alor lo gel lre aclua| Fr|cl|or Rales (FR). 3ee us|rg lre d|lluser's A|, oe|oW.

FormuIa for finding CFM AirfIow and/or VeIocity in FPM & BTUH
ll you car accurale|y reasure lre a|r ve|oc|ly cor|rg lror a ducl, rere |s a rougr
oa||par| lorru|a lo gel lre CFV:
6FH = (velocity in (FPM) Feet per Minute times the free-air-area (Ak)
square footage of the supply-air diffuser.)
.E., diffuser Ak is .225-sq.ft., times say 600-FPM velocity = 135-CFM
Also, (12,000-%Uh | 10-clr per-lor ral|o = 2-%U per cfm ral|o, lor ducl s|z|rg)

Remember:
wrer s|z|rg ducls, lre use ol ore F|cl|or Rale va|ue lrrougroul W||| usua||y guararlee
|rcorrecl ducl s|ze, ve|oc|l|es & CFVs lor sore ducl rur segrerls. ll 3upp|y 3|de |s 0.05 per
100 ll ol ducl rur, or |ess |s used, sore rurouls ol lre sysler ray oe overs|zed, creal|rg
zores lral are loo co|d |r surrer. usua||y lre lurlresl lror lre a|r rard|er W||| oe urders|zed
creal|rg zores lral are loo Warr |r surrer. lrsla|| darpers |r a|| 3upp|y A|r ducls lor sore
oa|arc|rg.
Tral |s ar |rcorrecl des|gr. Tre rod|l|ed equa| lr|cl|or relrod ol Varua| 0 requ|res lral lre
Ava||ab|e 3lal|c Pressure (A3P) lror lre lar oe corsured oy lre ducl lrrougr |ls rur lror
lar lo oul|el/|r|el, W|lr ro srorlage or excess al lre erd. A|so, pressure drop per 100 ll |s rol
ar |rpul--|l |s a ca|cu|aled |rlerred|ale va|ue.

A corlraclor or Tecr Wro |roWs roW lo do lre proper ca|cu|al|ors lo delerr|re lre ava||ao|e
slal|c pressure - A3P ard correcl|y a||ocale |l lo supp|y ard relurr, |s a very rare Tecr |rdeed.
F|rsl, se|ecl lre CFV & ve|oc|l|es you Warl, lral ray resu|l |r sra|| Fr|cl|or Rale var|al|ors or
lre var|ous rarcr Rurs & rur |erglrs.

A|Ways use Varua| 0 lor proper FRs & ducl s|z|rg lor requ|red CFVs lo eacr
roor.
l used l|gures & lorru|as oe|oW lor lre lao|e, & Warled 150-lur dry co|| per lor
a|rl|oW
6onvert|ng square duct |rcres lo rourd ducl s|ze, |.e., ar 8 x 8 ducl = 1 -sq.|rs. x .Z851 =
50.2 sq. |rs. ou rourd oll lo 50 sq. |rs. lor ar 8 ducl.
Round duct d|ameter to 8q. |ns., ducl d|areler x = 3 X's .Z851 = 28.2Z-sq. |rs.
CFV = (ve|oc|ly |r (FPV) Feel per V|rule l|res lre square loolage ol lre ducl area)
0u|c| relrod: Tre real ga|r ard requ|red lu/rr ol coo||rg |s dore lor eacr roor.
6ub|c Foot per H|nute (6FH} of A|rf|ow t|mes 30-tu|hr w||| ba||park the tu|hr de||vered
to each room.

0uct 8|z|ng 6hart Residential some ranch Runs some Ha|n Runs - for Appro|mate|y
425 to 450-6FH wet 6o|| Per %on on Ha|n Runs
Res|dent|a| 8upp|y A|r - used 800-FPH as HAX for Ha|n Runs - 00-FPH HAX for ranch
Runs - 8A: 8upp|y A|r; RA: Return A|r
%Uh 6FH Rd. 0|A. [ 8q.|ns. 8q.|ns" Ve| | FPH
1140 45 4" 8m. Rm 12.5 51
2100 70 5" d. Rm 19. 514


2250 75 5" 19. 552
3300 110 " 28.27 550 142 7
37 130 " 28.27 2 7.5-mph 5-runs>
50-6FH
+18,000
4500 150 7" r 38.48 52 .38-mph+2-%on 104 8
5400 180 8" r 50.2 51 77 10
222 9" r 4 505 88 10
9812 327 10" r 78.5 00 .8-mph 14 12
18000 00 12" 8A-Ha|n
RA 14"
113 RA-154 RA 430 RA 12X14
18000 700 14"Heta| 8A RA-1" 201 RA RA 502 RA 1412 24
24000 900 14" Heta| 8A RA-1" 201 RA RA 45-fpm RA 1414 1810 20
32000 1125 1"8A|RA 20"314 2018A RA 20"|51 RA 1018 201 24X
3000 1350 18"8A [ RA 22" 380" 254 8A RA 22" |512 24X1 20X20 18
42000 1400 20" 8A|RA 22" 380-RA RA 597 8A 42-fpm 1822 1
48000 100 20" 8A|RA 22" 314-8A 8A-734-fpm
RA-0-fpm
1X20 24X14
0000 2000 22" 8A 380-sq.|ns
RA 24"
380-8A
452-RA
8A-0.04"FR
8A-758-fpm
RA-37-fpm
RA 1432 130 22

8o|v|ng for Ava||ab|e 8tat|c Pressure (A8P} - when 0es|gn|ng or Redes|gn|ng 0uct
8ystems, F|nd|ng %, FR:
Tola| Equ|va|erl Lerglr (TEL) F|rd lre Tola| Relurr |erglr, lrer l|rd lre |orgesl 3upp|y
Equ|va|erl Lerglr (EL) oy l|rd|rg lre |orgesl reasur|rg ducl |erglr, ruroer ol EL |r lre
lurr|rg e|ooWs, lrur| la|e-olls, oools, elc.

0rce you rave a|| lre correcl 0ev|ce Pressure Losses (0PLs) or lre |orgesl 3upp|y A|r rur,
evaporalor co||, d|lluser, elc.
use lre rarulaclurer's rarep|ale pressure (lwC) or .5 E3P ard suolracl a|| a|rslrear dev|ce
pressure |osses |r lre |orgesl TEL ducl rur (supp|y d|lluser, darper, Wel co||, elc. a|| ava||ao|e
|r rarua| 0) lror lral g|ver va|ue. Tral W||| |eave lre Ava||ao|e 3lal|c Pressure - A3P lor
ducl & o|oWer des|gr purposes.

ou car l|gure lre Tola| Equ|va|erl Lerglr (TEL) oy us|rg lre Varua| 0 |erglr add|l|ves lor
lre var|ous l|ll|rgs, lrer use your 0ucl 0es|grer duclu|alor lo proper|y s|ze lre ducl sysler lo
reel lre requ|red CFV, ve|oc|l|es, FR as requ|red |r respecl lo lre o|oWer's Narep|ale E3P,
rorra||y, 0.5 ard |ls perlorrarce grapr |r re|al|orsr|p lre rera|r|rg (A3P) Ava||ao|e 3lal|c
Pressure.

There are charts available to determine what the total pressure drop will be then
when you figure the "Total Equivalent Length" run of the longest Supply duct
runs; A |engths of duct and A f|tt|ngs lrur| ducl la|e-olls, elc., lo gel lre Ellecl|ve
Lerglr (EL) add|l|ve lo lral ducl rur lor lre 'Tola| Ellecl|ve or (TEL) Tola| Equ|va|erl Lerglr.'

Subtract the total Device Pressure Losses (DPL) Irom the AH equipment's
"Available Static Pressure," usually .5 ESP because most Iurnaces are
designed Ior .5" ESP to achieve the desired high speed CFM, iI needed, you
can always use a lower blower speed.
Trer gel a lola| equ|va|erl |erglr ol your duclWor| rosl duclu|alors rave lr|s or lre
oac| ol lrer. Fr|ct|on Rate = Ava||ab|e 8tat|c Pressure t|mes X's 100; d|v|ded
by the %, that |s the fr|ct|on rate per 100 ft of 8A &|or RA duct|ng.

% A8P FR 6hart Craph Loads s|oW us|rg da||up - 3ave oolr lre pdl lo a qu|c| access PC
lo|der lor rev|eW
0es|gn|ng or Redes|gn|ng 0uct 8ystems 6hart Pr|rl
VariabIe Speed Motors and Static Pressure

ll W||| de||ver lre requ|red CFV W|lr sore o|oWers, oul al a r|grer operal|rg cosl.
ll lrere are ary duclWor| a|r |ea|s, |l W||| lrroW everylr|rg oll.

Near|y a|| ducl syslers rave a percerlage ol a|r |ea|s.
Crec| lor & r|r|r|ze a|r |ea|s.
|oWer Wree|s, evaporalor co||s, elc., everylr|rg ras lo oe c|ear.

0el cop|es ol lre ACCA wor|sreel; oe|oW |s ry ralr |rvo|ved W|lr lre ||r|ed 0rapr:
0r o|der lurraces, lre .15-0ev|ce Pressure Loss (0PL) srou|d oe suolracled lror a lurrace
Namep|ate Ha 8P .50-8P, |eav|rg or|y .05-A3P (Ava||ao|e 3lal|c Pressure).
Accord|ng to the graph, (us|ng a .45-0P}, A8P on|y .05 X 100 = 5 | by 330 = .015 Fr|ct|on
Rate, way too |ow & off the graph resu|t|ng |n |nadequate A|rf|ow!

ll Wou|d reed a rucr srorler TEL or |ess 0PL's lo reel des|gr lurcl|ora||lyl
A|r Turr|rg vares |r 90-ELLs greal|y reduce lre TEL.
0lrer crarges cou|d a|so re|p reduce lre TEL.

F|rsl l|rd 330-TEL grapr, lrer |oo| al lre A3P al lre oollor lre lre FR sroWr.
A|so, a .0-FR |s lre |oWesl Fr|cl|or Rale sroWr or lral grapr; lrougr rary use .05-FR or lre
Relurr 3|de.
0rce lre E3P ras oeer delerr|red, |oo| al lre lar curve lor lral parl|cu|ar o|oWer ard
delerr|re lre CFV lror lral crarl.

Loo||rg al lre producl dala crarl, Wral lerp-r|se does lre rlg'er recorrerd?
Veasure lre lerp r|se & see Wral you gel.

ur|ess lre proper CFV real|oad goes lrrougr lre evaporalor co|| |l |s rear|y |rposs|o|e lo
acr|eve ar accurale & proper relr|gerarl crarge, ard Tu/lR a|org W|lr ell|c|ercy W||| oe Way
oe|oW Ral|rgsl
Ta|e lre slal|c pressure reasurererls or oolr lre Relurr ard 3upp|y P|erurs ol lre lurrace
(W|lr l||ler(s) |r p|ace.
0r||| lWo ro|es |arge erougr lo |rserl lre slal|c pressure l|p, ore or lre supp|y s|de ard ore or
lre relurr. Pressure reasurererls are lrer la|er al eacr |ocal|or. Tre reasurererl or lre
relurr s|de W||| oe regal|ve W|lr a pos|l|ve read|rg or lre supp|y oul you d|sregard lre
pos|l|ve/regal|ve ard jusl add lre lWo ruroers logelrer.
when us|ng two tubes (neg. & Pos.} on a modern gauge you w||| read what the gauge
|nd|cates!
0rce lre E3P ras oeer delerr|red, |oo| al lre lar curve lor lral parl|cu|ar o|oWer ard
delerr|re lre CFV lror lral crarl.
ll lre a|r l|oW |s rol per rarulaclurers' recorrerdal|ors, |l |s rear |rposs|o|e lo gel lre
relr|gerarl crarge correcl.
R 7 R or |ess 8 R 9 R 10 R 12 R 13 R
'Ha' condenser a|r temp 'de|ta-%' 30 25 21 23 21 ave. |ess
Vax lerp drop 'across' E-Co|| 20 22 21 2 ave. rore ave. rore
'Ha' 8A|Return nter|ng A|r '0e|ta-%' 33 30 28 2 23 19
Tre 3upp|y A|r & lre Erler|rg Relurr A|r de|la-T, - lerds loWards |ess & |ess as lre EER goes r|grer,
lrerelore, dehum|d|f|cat|on cou|d oecore rore d|ll|cu|l al lre r|gresl EER |eve|s. Tre R & 8R |eve|s
w|den, as 3EER s|y roc|els.
Optimizing the "Evaporator HeatLoad" will Optimize the
Condenser BTUH HeatLoad Output Irom your Home
Vosl evaporalor co||s are urder-|oaded Wrer operal|rg al lre rorra| roor lerp
sell|rgl
Tre a|rl|oW srou|d oe adjusled lo lu||y |oad lre evaporalor co|| al lre rorra| roor
lerperalure sell|rgl Tr|s a|rl|oW adjuslrerl W||| opl|r|ze your a|r cord|l|orer's
Tul ard 3EER perlorrarce. Vosl a|r cord|l|orer's rave ar urder|oaded
evaporalor co|| al lre roor lerp lrerroslal sell|rg, Wrere lre vasl rajor|ly ol |ls
rur l|re W||| la|e p|acel lr 8 lool ce|||rgs, Relurr A|r (RA) srou|d a|Ways core lror
lre Warrer ce|||rg a|r areas.

0r TXv relered syslers lre 3uocoo||rg srou|d oe W|lr|r /- 2-F ol lre rlg'ers
|rsla||al|or |rslrucl|ors.

For Room Return A|r ba|anc|ng, |.e., -.01" |w6 = approx|rale|y -2.48 Pasca|s, Wr|cr |s a
rore prec|se eas|er |rcrererla| sca|e lo read. 0ne |nch water co|umn (|w6} equa|s,
rounded to > 250 pasca|s; 0.5" lwC |s aooul 125 pasca|s; 0.25 wC = 2.5 pasca|s; 0.125 =
31.25 pa.; 1 / 250 pasca|s =0.0010322 X's -2.50 pasca|s = -0.010035Z955 lwC or
ra|e |l - 0.01" |w6 lor |oW Relurr A|r roor pressure d|llererl|a|s; - use pasca|s.
==========================
A|r Cord|l|or|rg Perlorrarce 0|agros|s us|rg ||sled (CT) Corders|rg Terperalures

us|rg 0oodrar 1-3EER Exparded Perlorrarce 0ala

wral |s lre correcl (CT) Corders|rg Terperalure W|lr lre lo||oW|rg |roWr rlg'ers
dala?

0uldoor Aro|erl Terp (0AT) 85-F; l0 Z5-F; lw 3-F or 50-Rl.
L|sled pressure |s 31-ps|g, or 99-F CT; lral |s 99-F -85-F |s a 11-F 3PLlT.

Tre de|la T or lerp-sp||l srou|d oe W|lr|r a 10-ps|g rarge or, /- 2-F degrees; 9Z or
101-F.

Tre rlg'ers 3upp|y 0ul|el srou|d oe ao|e lo prov|de Corlraclors & Tecrs W|lr lrose
perlorrarce dala crarls. 0oodrar ras lre|r 'Exparded Perlorrarce 0ala or lre
lrlerrel.

Hy 8can of Hy %hermoPr|de 0 11 Craphed |ower-6urve-6hart
%hermopr|de 0 11 Craph |pg |mage - Trar| you 0ave 3laso, CA. lor lre oeller
expardao|e |ragel
Aller |l |oads R|grl c||c| 3roW 0r|g|ra| lrages - Vove cursor arroW over grapr -
C||c| Wrer 'over grapr' lor exparded |rage, lrer pr|rl or lre r|gresl qua||ly
sell|rg.

MOLO PIumbing & Heating sets the A-CoiI at
Ieast 6" above a %hermo Pride OL 11 OiI Furnace.
They know the importance of unrestricted airfIow through the
evaporator coiI!
http:||www.mo|ocompan|es.com|p|umb|ngandheat|ng||nde.htm|
Every rarulaclurer srou|d lurr|sr o|oWer curve crarls W|lr lre|r ur|ls ard a|so pul lrer or lre
lrlerrel lor serv|ce lecr's lo doWr|oad ard pr|rl. A|so, a|r cord|l|or|rg codes srou|d oe
updaled |r respecl lo proper s|z|rg ol lre ducl Wor| Wr|cr rusl |rc|ude a|| lre pressure
|rduc|rg laclors Wrer s|z|rg lre supp|y ard relurr ducls. A|so, |||uslrale oesl lurrace lo
evaporalor co|| lrars|l|ors, espec|a||y or o|| lurracesl
%he evaporator must be mounted |nches above th|s mode| o|| furnace to ach|eve
proper a|rf|ow!

0oserve roW easy |l |s lo la|| oe|oW lre requ|red CFV W|lr a quarler rorse o|oWer
oe|l dr|ve rolor lral Was slardard W|lr 112,000 btuh output o|| furnaces.
Heasur|ng the stat|c pressure of the duct system & us|ng a vane anemometer
to check atua| a|rf|ow |s a must!
0uCTw0RK A3lC3 - 8o|v|ng the Hyster|es of 8P - terna| 8tat|c Pressure:
ll you |eave oul lre area up lo & |rc|ud|rg lre A-Co|| Wrere does lral |eave you? Tre area to
lre co|| & |rc|ud|rg lre co|| car represerl rajor ve|oc|ly -FPV |osses & ruge 3lal|c Pressure
proo|ers |n 0|| furnace app||cat|ons. ll lrere are ary ex|sl|rg real|rg or coo||rg a|rl|oW
proo|ers, you car & srou|d a|so reasure & record eacr orarcr rur slal|c pressure, & ve|oc|ly,
lrer use lre formu|a, CFV = (ve|oc|ly |r (FPV) Feel per V|rule l|res lre square loolage ol
lre ducl area)
l.E., 1 Rd ducl 201-sq.|rs. / 111 = 1.3958333-sq.ll. X's ve|oc|ly ol 800-lpr = 111-CFV
lF T|res 1000-FPV = 1395-CFV. rarcr ducls: Z Rd ducl 38.18-sq. |rs. = 0.2Z2222-sq.ll.
X's 500-lpr=133-clr 0e||ver the eact 6FHs to & through each d|ffuser that the
app||cat|on ca||s for!
A|ways |ook at the amount of 6FH the d|ffuser's w||| actua||y pass at a spec|f|c ve|oc|ty!
0%| 6orp A|r lrl||lral|or 3ources up-lo 50 ol Load


Heasur|ng ow A|rf|ow
l rorra||y Wou|d reasure lre a|rl|oW W|lr a l|oW rood, a|so ca||ed a caplure rood.
ou srou|d rorra||y rave arourd
100 CFV (Cuo|c Feel per V|rule) per lor ol coo||rg. ha|f of the systems |
measure have [a merej 200 6FH per ton, 0R 88. Tr|s W||| oe aggravaled oy a
d|rly a|r l||ler, 3ore Reslr|cl|ve r|gr ell|c|ercy a|r l||ler's or gr|||es c|osed |r roors
lral you are rol us|rg. Norra||y, do rol lurr lre lrerroslal doWr oe|oW Z0 [Z1 Z
-oeller| degrees. says A/C Tecr guru, '3lrelcr'
F|rsl, oelore do|rg arylr|rg e|se crec| lre s|z|rg, ard lrorougr|y sea| ard proper|y
|rsu|ale a|| lre duclWor|l
0U6%w0RK A8|68
lr lre ||r|ed pdl aoove: lror pages 8 lrrougr 11 do N0T use lrose ru|es ol lruro lor s|z|rg
equ|prerl & a|rl|oW lo roorsl use Hanua| J lor heat-ga|n|heat-|oss lor eacr roor & lrus lre
lola|. use lre Hanua| 8 lor heat|ng & A|6 equ|pment s|z|ng! Trer l|gure lre a|rl|oW &
duclWor| s|z|rg requ|red lor eacr roor accord|rg lo lre a|rl|oW requ|rererl lor lre coo||rg
|oad, or leal Purp |oad us|ng Hanua| 0.
0uctwork Retrof|tt|ng - An ce||ent conom|c 0pportun|ty - 0on't H|ss |%!
Vore lrar 80 ol lre ducl syslers |r res|derl|a| ard ||grl correrc|a| app||cal|ors 'do rol'
Wor| as des|gred. 0o your serv|ce agreererls |rc|ude lre ducl sysler? ll rol, lr|s |s ar
|rporlarl & s|gr|l|carl ous|ress opporlur|ly lral you are r|ss|rgl
our oesl access |rlo lre ducl reroval|or rar|el |s lo |rc|ude lre ducl sysler |r your serv|ce
agreererls. wral lr|s |rc|udes |s rav|rg lre serv|ce lecr reasure slal|c pressure or eacr
serv|ce v|s|l. Rereroer, lr|s la|es l|ve r|rules or |ess. ll pressures are very r|gr, or very |oW,
serd oul a lecr corpelerl sa|espersor W|lr a l|oW-rood ard a raroreler lo |derl|ly lre
proo|er, ard propose a o|d lo do lre recessary duclWor| l|x.
0re reasor We rave serv|ce agreererls |s lo ga|r add|l|ora| |rcore lror repa|rs, so slarl
repa|r|rg lre rea| proo|er W|lr lre sysler, ard rol jusl lre equ|prerl. lr rosl areas ol lre
courlry lrere |s very ||ll|e corpel|l|or lor qua||ly ducl reroval|or ard a|r oa|arc|rg.
Prescr|o|rg lvAC repa|rs W|lroul corpel|l|or lror olrer corlraclors |r a Way lral W||| greal|y
|rprove perlorrarce ard ell|c|ercy, W||| de||grl your cuslorers - lral's our del|r|l|or ol
opporlur|ly.
e|ow |s an outstand|ng P0F "as|c A6 0verv|ew - 8pec|f|cat|ons V8. Rea||ty"
by John Proctor, P.., Proctor ng|neer|ng Croup, %0:
hVAC 7ECh PERF0RMAhCE RA7lhC3
"A6 8pecs Vs Rea||ty" P0F - |t's worth Your %|me
--------------------------------------------------------
EFFlClEh7 lh000R C0MF0R7 - An EXCELLEh7 3l7E for You
FREE hVAC Resources for Professionals
===================
0uotes from linked P0F:
"Proper sizing, installation and maintenance of hVAC equipment are major
factors in operating efficiency. ln fact, the potential energy savings from a
quality installation are greater than those gained from the installation of high
efficiency equipment.

Proper sizing and installation can result in energy savings of up to 35 percent
for air conditioners and 16 percent or more for furnaces. Moreover, energy-
efficient installation and proper maintenance practices also provide
substantial non-energy benefits, such as greater comfort, lower maintenance
cost and longer equipment life." 3pecification_of_Efficient_lnstallation1-36.pdf

Always do Blower Door Test for air infiltration rates with
the central air blower off & on, as infiltration could be a lot higher with
blower on!
Home Energy Magazine Online September/October
199
Raising 3tandards and 3avings
New Croup hunts ad 0ucts

0oes 40 b||||on kwh sound ||ke a |ot of energy? how about 4 b||||on therms?
Researchers be||eve that's how much e|ectr|ca| and gas energy th|s country
"cou|d save by f||ng |neff|c|ent ducts us|ng current techn|ques." "Ref|n|ng
those techn|ques cou|d reap sav|ngs of 90 b||||on kwh" p|us 9 b||||on therms! Pea| |oads
Wou|d oe reduced loo. To pursue lrese lrererdous sav|rgs, ral|ora|, slale, ard ul|||ly
researcr |aooralor|es, lre u.3. 0eparlrerl ol Erergy, ul|||l|es, ard erergy serv|ce corpar|es
are co||aooral|rg. %he|r consort|um |s ca||ed "Res|dent|a| nergy ff|c|ent 0|str|but|on
8ystems," or R08.

%hese techn|ques, a|ong w|th reduc|ng a|r |nf||trat|on & heatga|n|heat|oss ca|cs,
ought to be taught |n a|| our schoo|s as part of the 8c|ence, phys|cs & math curr|cu|a.
Up to ha|f the heatga|n|heat|oss can be due to a h|gh rates of a|r |nf||trat|on &
heat|ng mode e-f||trat|on heat |oss!
A3hRAE standard 62-1989 |s 0.35 A6h (A|r changes per hour} or 3-rours lor a
lola| |rler|or a|r |NF|%RA%|0N Rale crarge
=============================================================
0arre|| ude|rover j udarre||.cor

Curg||ng sounds at %V: LoW evaporalor real-|oads |ead lo reduced ||qu|d ||re rass ard
|rcreased evaporalor rass cou|d oe due lo a|rl|oW proo|ers. E||r|rale |oW evaporalor real-
|oads oelore |oo||rg |rlo adjusl|rg lre relr|gerarl crarge.
0urg||rg ard pu|sal|or ro|ses al lre expars|or dev|ce car oe caused oy |oW crarge, ard/or
ror-corders|o|es ard ro|slure |r lre sysler. uroa|arced a|rl|oW lrrougr lre var|ous
d|slr|oulor c|rcu|ls ol lre evaporalor co|| W||| cause lre TEv lo c|ose doWr relr|gerarl l|oW
slarv|rg lre co||. P|slor-l|oW-ralors W||| ra|e |l |rposs|o|e lo proper|y crarge lre sysler ard
coo||rg W||| oe greal|y corpror|sed ur|ess you e||r|rale lre causel

0r every Rheem condenser cover |l ||sls ror-corders|o|es ard or ro|slure as causes lor a
gurg||rg or pu|sal|rg ro|se al lre expars|or dev|ce. Tre erl|re evaporalor c|rcu|ls, ray rol
oecore acl|ve lor var|ous reasors, - lre erl|re co|| rusl oecore lu||y acl|ve lor ell|c|erl
perlorrarce.

Tre purpose ol lrese recorrerdal|ors |s lo prov|de ||qu|d relr|gerarl al lre expars|or dev|ce
ard prov|de ell|c|erl operal|or. lopelu||y, lr|s W||| a|d your researcr. ll l car oe ol add|l|ora|
ass|slarce, corlacl re.
-----------------------------------------------------------
Evacual|or Procedures - Pu|||rg a 0eep vacuur pdl Trar|s lor lre
||r| 3roprourd.
Too rary do rol proper|y purge & evacuale contam|nated cerlra| a|r cord|l|or|rg syslers.
F|rsl, lre p|p|rg srou|d oe crec|ed lor proper o|| relurr lo lre corpressor, |l rol adequale do
lral oelore proceed|rg.
%he %r|p|e vacuat|on Hethod |s norma||y done on refr|gerat|on systems, R-410a
systems requ|re |t on centra| a|r cond|t|on|ng systems:
Another Jiewpoint pdf: 1riple Evacuation Method
F|rsl, rerove ary va|ve cores W|lr a spec|a| va|ve core rerover lr|s W||| speed up lre
evacual|or l|re. Read & lo||oW pdl procedures aoove.

1) Re-c|a|r ur|l crarge (Recover a|| lre relr|gerarl)

2) Crarge sysler lo 150 P3l0 W|lr dry r|lroger ard |ea| lesl

3) 0r corlar|raled syslers rep|ace lre l||ler dryers. Trer Repa|r a|| |ea|(s)

1) Evacuale sysler lo 500 r|crors va|ve oll & see |l |l ro|ds 500 r|crors lor ler r|rules, |l |l
ro|ds, orea| lre vacuur W|lr dry r|lroger

5) Evacuale sysler lo a deeper 100 r|crors, va|ve oll vac purp, & aga|r orea| lre vacuur
W|lr dry r|lroger

) Evacuale sysler lo 100 r|crors ard & lrer Crec| lo see |l |l ro|ds. (Recrarge W|lr lresr
c|ear relr|gerarl)

Z) Crec| lo see |l lre 3upp|y ard Relurr a|r ducls Were correcl|y s|zed & sea|ed oy lre or|g|ra|
|rsla||er.

ll a vacuur purp W||| rol evacuale a sysler oe|oW 1500 r|crors lrere |s a proo|er W|lr lre
purp |lse|l, a |ea| |r lre sysler, or ro|slure |r lre sysler. Vo|slure |s rosl |||e|y oecause
water vapor|zes at 1500 m|crons.

Vary lvAC corlraclors W||| cors|der lr|s excess|ve l|re & ellorl lor contam|nated res|derl|a|
a|r cord|l|or|rg syslers, roWever |l |s a rusl lor |oW lerp app||cal|ors.

Tre 'r|cror |s a relr|c ur|l ol reasure lor d|slarce. Tre r|cror |s a ur|l ol ||rear reasure;
ore r|cror equa|s 1/25,100lrs ol ar |rcr. Voderr r|gr capac|ly vacuur purps re|p speed up
lre evacual|or process.
wrer a sysler ras oeer evacualed oe|oW 500 r|crors, lre purp |s va|ved-oll W|lr lre r|cror
gauge correcled, |l lre vacuur r|ses lo 1500 r|crors ard slops, lrere |s ro|slure rera|r|rg
|r lre sysler. ll |l r|ses aoove 1500 r|crors & corl|rues lo r|se lrere |s a |ea|. ou srou|d
a||oW al |easl 15 r|rules aller lre purp ras oeer srul oll ar accurale r|cror gauge read|rg.
wrer a sysler W||| rol evacuale oe|oW 1500 r|crors lrere |s e|lrer a |ol ol ro|slure |r lre
sysler or lrere |s a relr|gerarl sysler |ea|.

3ea||rg 3ea||rg & lrsu|al|rg lre oasererl r|r jo|sls - Exce||erl 0l
Projecl - Va|e cerla|r lrere |s adequate combust|on a|r lor lrose lype app||arcesl
lrsu|al|or & wealrer|zal|or Cosls Forur
============================
HVAC Techs
This shouId be heIpfuI.
CFM X change in enthaIpy X 4.5, at 1000 feet above sea use *X
4.3 = BTUH (BaIIpark) Operating Performance
"U Must Right CIick Link & open in New Tab"

et Bulb Enthalpy Chart
=================

0l3CLAlVER:
l assure N0 respors|o|||ly lor lre u3E ol ary |rlorral|or l posl or ary ol ry weo pages,|r E-
Va||s or NeWs 0roups.
A|| lvAC/R Wor| srou|d a|Ways oe dore oy a ||cersed Corlraclor & proper|y ||cersed Tecrsl
Tr|s |rlorral|or |s or|y p|aced or lrese pages pr|rar||y lor your urderslard|rg &
corrur|cal|or W|lr corlraclors & lecrs. Tr|s |rlorral|or |s a|so lor lre ed|l|cal|or ol
Corlraclors ard Tecrs. Never allerpl arylr|rg lral you are N0T corpelerl lo do |r a 3AFE
rarrerl l ar N0T ||ao|e lor your screW-ups, you are ||ao|e lor Wral you dol - 0arre|| ude|rover
6ut Your home nergy Use & Ut|||ty |||s |n ha|f NeW
O MY HVAC BLOG - YOU# QUESTIONS & COMMENTS
ELCOME New
O %XV %hRH08%A%|6 XPAN8|0N VAV APP|6A%|0N8 - lrporlarl
lrlo
O hVAC C0370MER 3ERVlCE 3A7l3FAC7l0h - hEw
O 3EER Payback - 3EER Ratings hebulous -hEw here
O 8UPRhA% F|X0 0R|F|6 - 8U600|NC %XVs 6hARC|NC
PR0%060
O 0eterm|n|ng Your A|r 6ond|t|oner's Actua| %Uh 6apac|ty 0utput
3urpr|sel
O 8R RA%|NC8 8R PAYA6K H|8RPR8N%A%|0N8
O 0| hA%|NC A|RF0w %8%
O A|R-60N0|%|0NR RUNN|NC %00 HU6h
3.5-ton system gett|ng |ess than 1.5-ton of capac|ty! ow charge - p|us
|nk be|ow, 3.5-ton to |ess than 1.5-ton, too! - way 0vercharged - Yes, |t happens
too often!
O A|r 6ond|t|on|ng 8R eve|s & vaporator A|r F|ow os|ng 15 to 407
of 8R Rat|ng?
O A|r 6ond|t|on|ng 6ontractors 0|scuss|or 3|z|rg 3EER EER Lalerl leal
O
O An A|r 6ond|t|on|ng and heat|ng ff|c|ency 6heck Up - 6ontractor
O A|r 6ond|t|on|ng 8ystem 8|z|ng for 0pt|ma| ff|c|ency

O A|r 6ond|t|on|ng Ha|mum ff|c|ency - 6heck-Up Cet your A|6
opt|m|zed for eff|c|ency
O A|r 6ond|t|on|ng - atent heat Remova| 6omfort-Zone ff|c|ency
O FlN0lN0 lre LATENT lEAT ol C0N0EN3ATl0N ol our A|r Cord|l|orer

0pt|m|z|ng Room A|r 6ond|t|oner's R
O lNTR00uCTl0N T0 T0TAL C00LlN0 PERF0RVANCE:

Excess|ve A|rl|oW coup|ed W|lr ar Excess|ve Crarge W||| greal|y reduce AC capac|ly
loW |rsla|||rg a 3-lor sysler car oecore a 1.5-lor sysler ol de||vered coo||rg
(3uRPRl3E0l)
O Ah|R - 8AV NRCY - 6A6UA%0R8 [
F|nd Your est Payback |nvestment Return
O New %6 nergy 6onservat|on %est|ng %echno|og|es
A6h - A|r 6hanges per hour - AVRAC|NC |NF|%RA%|0N
RA%8 - New

NRCY w|8 EnergyWise Guarantees You'II Get 50 to 70% Energy
Savings on Your MonthIy Home Energy BiIIs!
hVA6 %a|k
6ommun|ty

hVACR 7ALK F0R0M - Res|oenr|a| Proo|ems - hEw
Refrigeration Engineer Forums - AlR C0h0l7l0hlhC
h0ME lh3PEC7l0h3 Learn about home inspections also
hVAC inspections
0lY 0o lt Yourself Forum" "0o lt Yourself" 7V- l Am "hVAC
RE7lRE0"
MY hVAC 8L0C - Y00R 00E37l0h3 & C0MMEh73
wELC0ME *use lor ||sr|n resr oara requ|reo lor elleor|ve rrouo|e-snoor|n|
CAR0Eh wE8 - heating & Air Conditioning Forum
HVAC Discussions Mike Holmes HVAC
Forum - New
Cynergy Home HVAC Energy Raters Listen
WhiIe Reading
Follow me on Twitter All about #educing Energy Costs -
New

The Testo 416 Airflow Test 6heck|ng a|rf|ow - shou|d a|ways be
performed before charg|ng a system!
0escr|pt|on of 41 %esto %e|escop|ng Vane Anemometer - A
HU8%The Testo 416 Airflow Test Checking airIlow


Air Flow CFM of a very large 3upply Air Register using a
7esto 410 Vane Anemometer 8asic...

Realtime HVAC A/C BTUH Performance Output (Part
1 of 2) You7ube Video

`#ealtime HVAC A/C BTUH Performance Output (Part 2

of 2) You%ube V|deo
----------------------
HUNTING SHOOTING BALLISTICS TABLES
LEADING with RIFLES

Cett|ng |t r|ght makes a|| the d|fference |n the wor|d.
This Energy Star ACCA pdf is interesting & confirms what
many of us have been preaching, including educating the
potential customers!

Scroll down to page 5 Market Conditions, & study to learn
how we can all profit, customers included...
http://www.energystar.gov/ia/home_im...ors/qispec.pdf

There are more ACCA links but this is a good starter
document. 10/05/10

Residential Quality Installation Check List
&se to pre-qualify Contractors

0arre|| Ude|hoven - hVA6 R%|R0 - udarre||

P|ease wr|te me |f you
have anyth|ng you'd ||ke to
contr|bute or d|scuss! -
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Empowerment Communications
0arre|| ude|rover - (u-d|-rover)
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0arre|| Ude|hoven - |oom|ngton - ancaster - w|scons|n