U`l\lR:lT\ CF llRllTUAl Hlll :\:TlM lAlTA AlAMBA

Cc||ege c| Fng|nee||ng cnc A|cn|tectu|e

Advunced Algebru

Asslgnmenl no. I PRLLIM

ume : Lscorlul. Drexler M. Dule : ovember 24. 20II
Course/Yr./Sec. : 8SCL. I-A Score :


USL CF I%LRVAL C%A%IC

Inlervul nolullon ls unolher melhod for vrlllng domuln und runge.

In sel bullder nolullon bruces (curly purenlheses {} ) und vurlubles ure used lo express lhe
domuln und runge. Inlervul nolullon ls oflen consldered more efflclenl.

In lnlervul nolullon. lhere ure only 5 symbols lo knov:
O Cpen purenlheses ( )
O Closed purenlheses [ ]
O Inflnlly
O egullve Inflnlly -
O Unlon Slgn
%o use lnlervul nolullon:
Use lhe open purenlheses ( ) lf lhe vulue ls nol lncluded ln lhe gruph. (l.e. lhe gruph ls
undeflned ul lhul polnl... lhere's u hole or usymplole. or u |ump)
If lhe gruph goes on forever lo lhe lefl. lhe domuln vlll slurl vllh ( -. If lhe gruph
lruvels dovnvurd forever. lhe runge vlll slurl vllh ( -. Slmllurly. lf lhe gruph goes on
forever ul lhe rlghl or up. end vllh )
Use lhe bruckels [ ] lf lhe vulue ls purl of lhe gruph.
Vhenever lhere ls u breuk ln lhe gruph. vrlle lhe lnlervul up lo lhe polnl. %hen vrlle
unolher lnlervul for lhe secllon of lhe gruph ufler lhul purl. Pul u unlon slgn belveen
euch lnlervul lo "|oln" lhem logelher.



USL CF PRCPLR%ILS %C SCLVL ILQUALI%ILS
%he expresslon u < b ls reud us
u ls less lhun b
vhlle lhe expresslon u > b ls reud us
u ls greuler lhun b.
%he < und > slgns deflne vhul ls knovn us lhe sense of lhe lnequullly (lndlculed by lhe
dlrecllon of lhe slgn).
%vo lnequulllles ure suld lo huve
(u) lhe sume sense lf lhe slgns of lnequullly polnl ln lhe sume dlrecllon; und
(b) lhe opposlle sense lf lhe slgns of lnequullly polnl ln lhe opposlle dlrecllon.Lxumples
%he lnequulllles x 3 > 2 und x I > 0 huve lhe sume sense.
So do lhe lnequulllles 3x - I < 4 und x
2
- I < 3.
%he lnequulllles
x - 4 < 0 und x > - 4
huve lhe opposlle sense us do lhe follovlng 2 lnequulllles:
2x 4 > I und 3x
2
- 7 < I.
%he solullon of un lnequullly conslsls of ull lhe vulues of lhe vurluble lhul muke lhe
lnequullly u lrue slulemenl.
Condlllonul lnequulllles ure lhose vhlch ure lrue for some. bul nol ull. vulues of lhe
vurluble.
Absolule lnequulllles ure lhose vhlch ure lrue for ull vulues of lhe vurluble.
A solullon of un lnequullly conslsls of only reul numbers us lhe lerms "less lhun or greuler
lhun" ure nol deflned for complex numbers.


USL CF PRCPLR%ILS %C SCLVL ILQUALI%ILS

Properly I - Addlng or Sublrucllng u umber
%he sense of un lnequullly ls nol chunged vhen lhe sume number ls udded or sublrucled
from bolh sldes of lhe lnequullly.
Uslng lhe lnequullly:
9 > 6
uddlng 4 lo bolh sldes glves
9 4 > 6 4
l.e. I3 > I0 vhlch ls sllll lrue
sublrucllng I2 from euch slde glves
9 - I2 > 6 - I2
l.e. -3 > -6 vhlch ls sllll lrue

Properly 2 - Mulllplylng by u Poslllve umber
%he sense of lhe lnequullly ls nol chunged lf bolh sldes ure mulllplled or dlvlded by lhe
sume poslllve number.
Uslng lhe lnequullly:
8 < I5
Mulllplylng bolh sldes by 2 glves
8 2 < I5 2
l.e. I6 < 30 vhlch ls sllll lrue
Dlvldlng bolh sldes by 2 glves
8/2 < I5/2
l.e. 4 < 7.5 vhlch ls sllll lrue

Properly 3 - Mulllplylng by u egullve umber
%he sense of lhe lnequullly ls reversed lf bolh sldes ure mulllplled or dlvlded by lhe sume
negullve number.
Ve slurl vllh lhe lnequullly 4 > -2.
Mulllplylng bolh sldes by -3 glves
4 -3 > -2 -3
-I2 > 6 vhlch ls nol lrue
Hence lhe correcl solullon should be
4 > -2
4 -3 < -2 -3
-I2 < 6 (ole lhe chunge ln lhe slgn used)
Slmllurly dlvldlng bolh sldes by -2 glves
4 > -2
4 - -2 < -2 - -2
-2 < I (ole lhe chunge ln lhe slgn used)
Properly 4 - n-lh Pover
If bolh sldes of un lnequullly ure poslllve und n ls u poslllve lnleger. lhen lhe lnequullly
formed by lhe n-lh pover or n-lh rool of bolh sldes huve lhe sume sense us lhe glven
lnequullly.
Uslng lhe lnequullly:
9 > 6
Squurlng bolh sldes glves
9
2
> 6
2

l.e. 8I > 36 vhlch ls sllll lrue
%uklng squure rool of euch slde glves

l.e. 3 > 2.45 vhlch ls sllll lrue
[ole: v9 does nol equul 3. 8y convenllon. ve luke lhe poslllve squure rool only.