Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
profe s s ional
e nvironm e nt.
Le arn h ow to us e
S unfl ow re nde ring
s y s te m .
D PI de m y s tifie d
Re nde ring
optim iz ation.
CO NTENTS
EDITO R
Gaurav Naw ani
M ANAGING EDITO R
Sandra Gil
be rt
6 19
W RITERS
Sandra Gil be rt
Cl aas Eick e K uh ne n
Danie lLaBarge
Ch ris toph e r K ull
a
Z s ol
tSte fan
W EBSITE DESIGN
Nam Ph am
13
CO PYRIGH T© ‘Bl e nde rartM agaz ine ’, 25
‘ble nde rart’ and bl e nde rartl ogo are
copyrigh tGaurav Naw ani. ‘As k Bl e ntuu’
and ‘bl e ntuu l ogo’ are copyrigh tSandra
Gil be rt. Al lproducts and com pany nam e s
fe ature d in th e publ ication are trade m ark
or re gis te re d trade m ark ofth e ir re s pe ctive
ow ne rs .
w w w .bl
e nde rart.org
ED ITO RIA L 3
You’ve s tudie d al lth e tutorial s , you buil tth e pe rfe ctm ode l , adde d th e pe rfe ctm ate rial , now its
tim e to re nde r your w ork ofart. You h itth e big “Re nde r” button, w aitfor w h ats e e m s l ik e fore ve r
. . . and w h e n itfinal ly finis h e s . . . w e l
lto be h one s t, th e e nd re s ul
tlook s noth ing l ik e w h atyou
h ad im agine d. W h atw e ntw rong?
M os tl ik e l
y, q uite a bitw e ntw rong. Re nde ring is th e re s ultofe ve ryth ing th atcam e be fore and
as s uch th e re are a l otoffactors th atcan m ak e or bre ak you finalim age . Is your l igh ting jus t
righ t, are your s e ttings corre ct, did you accountfor al lth e s pe ciale ffe cts you adde d. Eve n ifyou
ge tal lth e above righ t, you m igh ts pe nd h ours or days w aiting for th e finalre nde r to finis h , onl y
to dis cove r you ne e d to tw e ak s om e th ing jus ta l
ittl
e.
In addition to l ook ing into th ings th atcan im prove your re nde rs , w e w illal
sol ook atw ays to
de cre as e your re nde r tim e s as w e l
las tak e a l ook ats om e ofth e Re nde r e ngine s availabl
e for
Ble nde r. O fw h ich q uite a fe w h ave be e n de ve lope d re ce ntl
y and w arranta look s e e .
W e al
s o h ave 3 s e parate articl
e s on h ow to us e Yafray, w ith e ach s h ow ing a diffe re ntte ch niq ue
and m e th od ofus e .
Ch e e rs !
Sandra
s andra@ bl e nde rart.org
Bl
e ntuu s ay s 4
Th e s h ortans w e r is th atEVERYTH ING affe cts th e re nde ring O th e r th ings th atcan l ow e r re nde r tim e s : Ge ne rall
y us e z -buffe r
proce s s . Th atw oul d include m ate rials,l igh ting, s pe ciale ffe cts l
am ps ove r raytrace d one s . Se tth e s am pl e s and s h adow buffe r
and th e s ce ne its e l f. And w h il
e dis cus s ing re nde ring coul d filla as l ow as pos s ibl e for th e q ual ity you look ing for.
w h ol e book , for th is articl
e w e are going to tak e a l ook attips and
trick s th atcan incre as e or de cre as e your re nde r tim e s and Sim ilarly, turn th e s am pl e s dow n on e ve ryth ing as l ow as you
q ual ity. can ge taw ay w ith th atpe opl e probabl y w il
lnotnotice (l igh ts ,
s ubs urf, rayde pth , e tc.).Re nde r in pas s e s w h e n pos s ibl
e , you
W h e n itcom e s to re nde ring, s om e th ings jus ttak e l onge r. Ifyou can re -com pos ite th e pas s e s in GIM P or Ph otos h op, notonl y w il
l
jus th ave to h ave th atce rtain e ffe ct, by al lm e ans go for it, but itlow e r re nde r tim e s , you w il
lh ave m ore controlove r h ow e ach
e xpe ctto w aita w h il e for your re nde r to com pl e te . H e re is a l
is t laye r goe s toge th e r w ith th e oth e rs .
ofs om e th ings th atare l iabl e to incre as e your re nde r tim e :
Raytracing, Am bie ntO ccl us ion Ligh ting Se tups O nly m ode lth os e de tails th atare ne e de d, UVm apping and
H e avy us e ofparticl es prope r us e ofte xture s can s ave on your pol ygon count. W h e n it
Extre m e ly de tail
e d s ce ne s is al
ls aid and done , us e onl y th os e options and te ch niq ue s th at
you actual l
y ne e d to m ak e your im age or
O n th e oth e r h and, CG artis ful loftrick s and anim ation l ook good. Ifyou can ch e ator fak e it,
w ork -a rounds to l ow e r re nde r tim e s , s uch as th e n do s o, itw ills ave on your re nde r tim e s . If
th e us e ofth e fak e GI dom e . Long us e d in you jus th ave to us e it, th e n be pre pare d for th e
bl e nde r be fore AO w as code d into bl e nde r. It w ait. W h ile w aiting I s ugge s tre l
axing w ith a
is s im ple to s e tup, e as y to adjus tand notas nice cup ofcoffe e and a good book .
com putation h e avy as th e AO option.
NEW S Fl
as h 5
day in M onte vide o (K e iz e rs grach t264, ble nde r. In addition to YafRay, PO V-Ray,
Am s te rdam ) for furth e r vie w ing and M e gaPO V, th e re are now e xports cripts
dis cus s ion ofth e proje ct. For m ore availabl e for th e fol
low ing ne w e ngine s :
Th e bigge s te ve ntin th e Bl e nde r w orl d is inform ation on th e pre m ie r and th e
jus taround th e corne r. Proje ctO range is follow ing pre s e ntations ofth e m ovie K e rk yth e a
ne ar com pl e tion and th e pre m ie r of ch e ck h ttp://orange .ble nde r.org/. Site :
“El e ph ants Dre am ” h as be e n s ch e dul ed h ttp://w w w .s oftlab.e ce .ntua.gr/~ jpanta/Gra
for M arch 24, 2006. Cine m a K e te l h uis , a Bl e nde r h as be com e an e ve r ch anging ph ics /K e rk yth e a/
wel lk now n cine m a for docum e ntarie s and program , w ith ne w fe ature s cons tantl y
art-h ous e m ovie s in Am s te rdam , h as be e n w ritte n and re vis e d for be tte r and Sunfl ow
be e n ch os e n as th e l
ocation for th e l ong cl e ane r functional ity. O ve r th e l as ttw o Site : h ttp://s unfl
ow .s ource forge .ne t/
aw aite d pre m ie r. m onth s , m ajor coding e fforth as be e n
focus e d into th e “Noodl e s ” s ys te m (node Indigo
Th e cine m a ope ns at17:30 and th e e ditor) and th e re nde r e ngine . Th e Site :
s h ow ing w ills tartat18:00. In addition to Noodl e s s ys te m al low s for th e cre ation of h ttp://h om e page s .paradis e .ne t.nz /nick am y
th e s cre e ning of“El e ph ants Dre am ”, th e re h igh ly advance d m ate rial s and /indigo.h tm l
w illal s o be a pre vie w ofth e “M ak ing of” com pos iting e ffe cts . Th e re nde r e ngine is
docum e ntary. Ifyou m is s th e firs t be ing s tre am l ine d and m odifie d to w ork 3De l igh t
s h ow ing, th e re w il
lbe anoth e r at18:45. cl e ane r and m ore e fficie ntl y, al low ing for Site : h ttp://w w w .3de l
igh t.com /
fas te r and m ore e rror fre e re nde ring.
Afte r th e pre m ie r, th e re is a ce l
e bration To ch e ck a te s tbuil d w ith th e s e ne w M e tropol igh t
planne d atone ofth e h ippe s tnigh tcl ubs , fe ature s , drop by th e te s tbuil d forum at Site : h ttp://w w w .3dvirtual
igh t.com /m l
t/
ironical ly nam e d “Bl e nde r”. W h il
e th e w w w .bl e nde r.org.
pre m ie r is fre e ofch arge , th e re is an
e ntrance fe e to th e “afte r party”. Since th is is s ue is focus ing on re nde ring,
Saturday 25 and Sunday 26 M arch , th e th is is a good tim e to e xpl ore allth e
Proje ctO range te am w il lbe on h and al l re nde r e ngine s avail able for us e w ith
W O RK SH O P3D - Profe s s ionalD igitalStudio Re nde ring w ith H D RI IBLand G I 6
prim itive s h ape s . And th os e are ve ry e as y to In O rth ograph ic Vie w , s cre e ns h ots can be
m ode lin bl e nde r. tak e n ofth e w ire fram e and com pos e d
Th e re ce ntaddition to cal culate th e le ngth toge th e r. Afte r printing on pape r th e y can be
and angl e e dge s furth e rs m y ability to account cutoutand gl ue d onto th e s ilve r s h e e t, to aid
Introduction for corre ctm e as ure m e nts and dim e ns ions . as guide s for th e s h ape s I s aw in th e m e tal .
A good im age is w orth a th ous and w ords in Th is is one ofth e m os tim portantadvantage s W ork ing in l aye rs aids a l otin th is proce s s
Indus trialde s ign indus try. Bl e nde r h as 3D m ode l ing can provide you, be caus e you be caus e e l e m e nts can be dis tribute d th rough
be com e an e s s e ntialtoolfor m y w ork , h ave th e pos s ibil ity to w ork in corre ct th e m and th e n s e le ctive l
y s h ow n to cre ate
be caus e ital l
ow s m e to vis ual iz e an ide a w ith proportions and dim e ns ions . Sm al lch ange s cl e ar and us e fuls cre e ns h ots . (Scre e ns h ots :
gre ate r fl e xibility th an any h and s k e tch , and w ith in th e de s ign or a ch ange ofth e pointof O utl ine s )
th us vis ual ly com m unicate s m y de s ign and vie w can be ach ie ve d w ith a fe w m ous e cl ick s
conce pt. W h il e Bl e nde r is notm ade for and do notre q uire th e h and s k e tch to be
CAD/CAM and l ack s m any fe ature s th os e com pl e te ly re draw n. (Scre e ns h ot:
pack age s fre q ue ntl y incl ude , itis s til
lpos s ible M e as ure m e nts )
to us e itnotonl y for productre nde ring, but
al s o, to s om e de gre e , th e w h ol e de s ign
proce s s .
re s ul
t.
Firs tinclude th e cone trace s h ade r atth e <shader type="blendershader" onl y s h ow ing th e re fl
e ction butnots tructure .
be ginning ofyour xm ldocum e ntafte r th e name="MAMaterial.002" > Se e re nde ring: true bl urre d re fl
e ction on
<s ce ne > tag. <attributes> pre vious page .
<color r="0.800000" g="0.800000"
b="0.800000" /> In m y finalre nde r I l e tYafray re nde r th e
<shader type="conetrace" name="env" <specular_color
reflect="on" angle="10"
bl urre d re fle ctions butI al s o adde d a ve ry fine
r="1.000000" g="1.000000" b="1.000000"
samples="16" > /> s tucci bum p m ap to th e norm alch anne lofm y
<attributes> <mirror_color r="1.000000" g="1.000000" ground pl ane . Th is w il lre s ul
tin firs ta ve ry
<color r="0.5" g="0.5" b="0.5" /> b="1.000000" /> nice bl urre d re fle ction re nde re d by Yafray and
</attributes> th e s tucci bum p m ap w il lgive th e ground
</shader> <diffuse_reflect value="0.800000" /> pl ane th e de s ire d s urface s tructure . Th is w ill
<specular_amount value="0.500000" />
<alpha value="1.000000"
incre as e th e re nde r tim e a l ot. In cas e you
Th e s am pl e val ue w il lde fine h ow fine th e /> h ave a w e l lw ork ing bum p m ap for th e ground
bl urre d re fl
e ction is . H igh e r val
ue s above 10 <emit value="0.000000" /> pl ane , itm igh tnotbe ne ce s s ary to us e th e
produce th e de s ire d s m ooth re s ul tin m y <matmodes true bl urre d re fle ction w ith in Yafray
s ce ne . value="traceable shadow" /> s cre e ns h ots ofs tucci bum p m ate rial .
<diffuse_brdf
value="lambert" />
Butth is al s o de pe nds on th e dis tance be tw e e n <specular_brdf
your cam e ra and th e obje ct. In cl os e -ups value="blender_cooktorr" />
h igh e r val
ue s are ne e de d. <hard value="50" />
th e Fil
e ->Exportm e nu as fol
low s :
Go to th e Fil
e -> Exportand pick th e Sunfl ow your s ce ne . Th e de faul
tofz e ro corre s ponds to s e conds you s h oul
d s e e s om e th ing l
ik e th e
Exporte r you jus tins tal l
e d. Itw il
lbring up th e infinite l
ylong rays . s ce ne be l
ow .
fol
low ing UI in th e s criptw indow :
Now h itth e Exportbutton and Congratul ations ! You jus tre nde re d your firs t
pick a l ocation to putth e im age w ith Sunfl ow .
e xporte d s ce ne file . You can
look atBl e nde r's output
w indow to s e e th e s te ps th e
e xporte r is tak ing. Itm ay tak e
a fe w s e conds to w al k
th rough your s ce ne ifyou
h ave m any obje cts . W h e n th e
file is e xporte d you w il lbe
s e ntback to th e e xporte r
options .
W e are jus tgoing to ch ange a fe w s e ttings th e Now go to th e Sunfl ow w indow you l aunch e d
firs ttim e around. O ur goalis to do a s im pl e e arl
ie r and ope n th e s ce ne file you jus tw rote
am bie ntoccl us ion re nde r to ge ta fe e lfor th e out. Ifl oading s ucce e ds w ith oute rrors , th e
proce s s . Don'tw orry aboutth e m any diffe re nt Re nde r m e nu option w il lnow be e nabl e d.
s e ttings you s e e , w e w il
lcove r m os tofth e m Your im age w il lprobabl y be nois y and h ave
s oon. Se l e ctRe nde r -> IPR firs t. Th e im age w il ls tart m any s m al lartifacts . Don'tw orry. W e w ill
re nde ring in a ve ry bl ock y form and le arn h ow to e nh ance th e q uality ofth e im age
In th e AO O ve rride tab, cl ick th e 'Am b O cc' progre s s ive l
y re fine its e lf. Afte r jus ta fe w s oon.
toggl e . Th is is s im pl
y te l
ling th e e xporte r th at s e conds , you s h oul d al re ady s e e w h atth e
w e w antto ove rride al ls h ading in th e s ce ne finalim age is going to be l ik e . You m ay cance l Now , l e t's m ak e our s ce ne a bitm ore
w ith th e pre s cribe d am bie ntoccl us ion s h ade r. th e re nde r atanytim e . In m os tcas e s , l ess inte re s ting by adding s om e l igh ts and
th an 10% ofth e im age is ne e de d be fore you m ate rial s to it!
Th e m os tim portantoptions are s am pl es are re ady to l aunch th e ful lre s olution re nde r.
(num be r ofrays trace d to cal cul ate th e
occl us ion) and th e dis tance s e tting (h ow far to Now s e l e ctRe nde r -> Re nde r. Th e im age w il l
look for oth e r obje cts ). re nde r in s m allbuck e ts th is tim e . Ifyou h ave a
For now , l e ave th e num be r ofs am pl e s as itis , m ulti-proce s s or m ach ine you w il ls e e s e ve ral
and s e tth e dis tance to a re as onabl e val ue for buck e ts re nde ring atonce . Afte r a fe w
W O RK SH O P3D - Sunfl
ow Re nde ring Sy s te m Tutorial 15
Ligh ts and M ate rial s val ue s of-2 and 0 m e an th atth e re nde re r w il l th e be s tch oice .
Go back to bl e nde r and as s ign s om e uniq ue s tartby cal cul ating e ve ry 4th pixe l , and
m ate rial
s to e ach s urface . K e e p in m ind th at adaptive l y cal cul ate dow n to th e s ingl e pixe l You can e xpe rim e ntw ith diffe re ntacce l e rator
th e e xporte r doe s notye ts upportth e ful l le ve lw h e re itis ne e de d. Th is tim e , try s e tting type s and s e e w h ich one provide s th e fas te s t
range ofBl e nde r s h ade rs and te xture s . your AA val ue s to 0 and 2. Each pixe lw il lnow re s ul
ts for your s ce ne . You can al s o adjus tth e
be s h ade d atl e as tonce , and up to 16 tim e s buck e torde r in th is tab. Sw itch to s piralth is
For now , w e w il ljus tbe cre ating re gul ar (le ve l2). tim e to h ave th e im age com pute d from th e
diffus e m ate rials . For e ach m ate rial, s im pl
y ce nte r out.
as s ign a uniq ue col or. Th is is th e only attribute Ifw e cal cul ate m ore th an one val ue pe r pixe l
,
th atis re ad by de faul t, al
loth e r options are w e w il lne e d to ave rage th e m toge th e r. Th e
ignore d. Th e re are a fe w e xce ptions to th is w ay th is is done is control le d by th e
rule to ge ne rate oth e r Sunfl ow s h ade rs , but im age fil te r s e tting. Le t's pick th e
w e w illcove r th e m late r on. 'M itch e ll' fil
te r as itprovide s a nice
s h arpe ning ofth e im age . Th is particul ar
Ne xt, w e ne e d s om e l igh ts . Th e e xporte r filte r h as a fixe d w idth and h e igh t, s o
curre ntl y onl y s upports l am ps and s q uare are a th os e s e ttings w il ldis appe ar from th e
ligh ts . Are a ligh ts w il
lgive you nice s oft dial og w h e n itis s e l e cte d.
s h adow s atth e e xpe ns e ofadditionalre nde r
tim e . M y s ce ne w ith bas ic s h ade rs and l igh ts Ligh ts e rve r s e ttings l
e tyou controlh ow
now l ook s lik e on th e im age atrigh t. m any rays are us e d pe r l igh t. Th e
de faultof16 is a bith igh butus ual l
y
O nce you are h appy w ith your s ce ne , tim e to give s good q ual ity.
e xportagain! Th is tim e , l
e t's try to unde rs tand
th e various s e ttings and h ow th e y affe ctim age Th e GI tab control s gl obalil l
um ination.
q uality. Th is is an advance d topic w e w il l
e xplore in th e ne xts e ction. Le ave al l
Th e m os tim portantare probabl y th e AA th e controls atth e ir de faultval ue s for
s e ttings . Th e m in and m ax val ue s controlh ow now .
m uch com putation goe s into e ach pixe l .
Ne gative val ue s m e an com putations w il lbe Th e Acce l e rator tab contains s e ttings
inte rpol ate d acros s s e ve ralpixe l s , pos itive w h ich h ave no im pacton im age q ual ity
val ue s m e an m ore cal culations w il lbe done butcan m ak e dras tic diffe re nce s in
pe r pixe l . Z e ro m e ans a s ingl e com putation is im age cal cul ation tim e . Th e de fault
done pe r pixe l . For e xam pl e : th e de faul t acce l e rator is th e k dtre e and is us uall
y
W O RK SH O P3D - Sunfl
ow Re nde ring Sy s te m Tutorial 16
I w il
lnow brie fl y de s cribe one ofth e
m e th ods ofcal cul ating gl obal
illum ination: path tracing. Th is is th e
m os taccurate and e as ie s tm e th od to
le arn. Th e catch is th atitcan tak e q uite
long to ach ie ve h igh q ual ity re s ults . Gl
obalil
lum ination re fe rs to m e th ods
In th e e xporte r, go to th e GI tab and
e nabl e th e path button. Th e al gorith m is w h ich are bas e d on ph ys icalcom putation
control le d by tw o param e te rs : s am pl es ofl
igh ting in a s ce ne by tak ing into
and bounce s . Th e firs tde faul tto 32 and
control s th e q uality ofth e re s ul t. Th e accountth e e ffe cts ofl
igh tbounce s on
s e cond de faul tto 1 and control s h ow and offth e 3d s urface s . Itprovide s th e
m any bounce s th e l igh tis al low e d to
m ak e . m os tre al
is tic l
igh ting s im ul
ation ofin CG.
W O RK SH O P3D - Sunfl
ow Re nde ring Sy s te m Tutorial 17
Sce ne w ith no GI
Notice h ow th e s h adow e d
re gions are no l onge r
com pl e te ly dark and h ow
w e obtaine d s om e s ubtl e
col or ble e ding on th e fl
oor
W O RK SH O P3D - Sunfl
ow Re nde ring Sy s te m Tutorial 18
Gl os s y m ate rial s
Final ly, l
e t's m ak e our s h ade rs a l ittl
e
m ore inte re s ting. Up untilnow w e h ave
us e d com pl e te l
y diffus e s h ade rs .
Firs tw e 'l
llook atth e GI s e ttings for Yafray,
and th e n I'l
lde s cribe a typicall igh ting s e tup
th atI us e for productvis ual iz ation.
by h and. Itth e re fore s ave s tim e (and
tim e =m one y). Itbas ical l
y give s you a bas e fill Gl obalil l
um ination is diffe re ntfrom raytracing.
Introduction ligh t, w ith an e ve n l igh tdis tribution, and a nice In th e latte r a ray is trace d from th e cam e ra to
Th e re are a m ul titude ofw ays to l igh ta s ce ne , naturall ook . Th is can (and s h oul d) be an obje ct, th is can be re fl e cte d/re fracte d, and
from a fe w s im pl e s potl igh ts , th rough com pl e m e nte d w ith traditionall igh ts . th e n trace d to al lligh ts th atare vis ibl e . Th is
are al igh ts and com pl exl igh trigs upto diffe re nt give s you re fl e ction, re fraction and (h ard)
form s ofgl obalil lum ination. H e re I w il lbe Be s ide s th e l igh ting, th e GI re nde ring s h adow s . GI, on th e oth e r h and trace s th e
dis cus s ing th is l
atte r option us ing Yafray for al gorith m is al s o re s pons ible for col our path ofth e ph otons th e m s e l ve s from th e
re nde ring, from ins ide Bl e nde r. Firs tI'd l ik e to bl e e ding be tw e e n obje cts (h ard to fak e w ith out lam ps to th e obje cts , bouncing be tw e e n
addre s s th e com m on m is conce ption th atGI is GI), and caus tics (ne ar im pos s ibl e to fak e ). obje cts in th e s ce ne . Th is give s you re fl e ction,
s om e m agic 'm ak e re al is tic re nde ring' button. H ow e ve r, GI is s l ow e r th an raytracing and re fraction AND col our bl e e ding, s ofts h adow s ,
Itis s im pl y a type ofl igh ting m ode lth atis m uch s l ow e r th an s canl ine re nde ring, and is caus tics (im pos s ibl e w ith raytracing) and
m ore advance d th an th e good ol d s potl am ps , th e re fore onl y for finalre nde ring for s til ls . It ge ne ral l
y a nice r l ook . Th e origin ofth e l igh tin
and m ore ph ys ical l
y accurate . Itw il lnot can'tre al l
y be us e d for anim ations (ye t), not GI can be a l am p, or any obje ct. For outs ide
autom atical ly m ak e a nice im age for you, itw il l onl y be caus e ofre nde ring tim e , butbe caus e s ce ne s , th e w h ole back drop (w orl d) can e m it
s im ply give you a h e ad s tartby be ing a ligh t/dark s pots are random l y re nde re d ligh t. Since Bl e nde r doe s nots upportGI ye t, I
s ubs titution for a ve ry com pl exl igh ting rig w ith (s am pl e d) and th e y jum p around from fram e to us e Yafray.
doz e ns ofl am ps th atw oul d ne e d to be pl ace d fram e .
W O RK SH O P3D - G I and H D RI l
igh ting in Y afray 20
Th is is one ofm y favorite s e tups , for l ack ofa Th e s ce ne , be s ide s th e productits e lf, is s im pl
y l
am p w ith Raytrace d s h adow s turne d on. Itis
be tte r te rm I calle d it"w h ite s pace ", th e a w h ite plane , and a s un l am p, noth ing m ore , sl
igh tl
y ye l
low is h in col
our, w ith a pow e r of0.6.
productis on a com pl e te ly w h ite ground, w ith ve ry s im pl
e.
a w h ite back ground, ye titdoe s n'tjus tfl oatin
s pace , ith as s h adow s . Itl ook s ve ry good Th e ground. Th e W orl
d
printe d on pape r, as w e l las in any
docum e ntor oth e r w h ite back ground
(a w e bpage for e xam pl e ), cre ating th e
im pre s s ion th atth e obje ctits e l fis
s itting th e re on th e pape r.
Th e l igh t
Th e re is onl
y one l
igh tin th e s ce ne , a s un
W O RK SH O P3D - G I and H D RI l
igh ting in Y afray 22
IM PO RTANT! Itis re al lylam e , and I h ave q ual ity/s pe e d trade off. And s e e h ow m uch e ach pixe l . Ligh tprobe m e ans th e im age is a
s e e n bad e xam pl e s ofitm any tim e s , w h e n a q ual ity w e h ave ach ie ve d w ith a ve ry s im pl
e com pl e te 360-de gre e panoram ic picture ofth e
productis s h ow cas e d on a gre y pl ane , fl
oating s e tup! e nvironm e nt. Th e proce s s ofm ak ing H DR
in s pace , or atl e as ton s om e s ortof ligh tprobe s is outs ide th e s cope ofth is
back ground. Th is gre y pl ane s h outs CGI. It's ProductVis ual iz ation II - H DR Ligh ting tutorial , s o I w il
ljus ts ay e ith e r dow nload one
im portantth atyou can'ts e e th is bas e pl ane , it Ins te ad ofa plain w h ite -is h w orl
d col our, you ofth e s e ve ralH DR probe s avail able on th e
s h oul d ble nd into th e back ground. In th is can s e ta H igh Dynam ic Range l igh tprobe for ne t(s e e h ttp://w w w .de be ve c.org for s om e
e xam pl e I us e d a w h ite plane , bute ve n a th e back ground. Th is w il lvary th e ligh tcolour s tarte rs ), or m ak e your ow n. M ak e s ure itis in
w h ite pl ane s om e tim e s is re nde re d gre y atth e th e ligh tprobe form at(ak a. angul ar m ap), as
e dge s . Th e back ground its e l fis s ligh tl
y bl ue oppos e d to: ve rticalcros s , l atitude /longitude ,
and notw h ite . So th e trick to h ave th is "W h ite or s om e oth e r panoram ic form at.
Space " e ffe ctis to s e tth e Em itPw r in th e
Yafray GI s e ttings above 1. Th is ne xts te p can be s k ippe d, butI h igh l y
re com m e nd it. Th e probl e m w ith GI
Ittak e s s om e e xpe rim e ntation for th e righ t ill
um ination w ith Yafray is th atfor a a fas t
s e ttings , s o th atyou can'ts e e th e e dge ofth e re nde ring, itus e s s om e random s am pl e s of
bas e pl ane , butitdoe s n'tgl ow in an unnatural th e e nvironm e nt. A nice and s h arp H DR
w ay e ith e r. A s e tting of1.20 s e e m s to w ork im age can h ave diffe ring l igh tval ue s in a s h ort
wel l
. GI pow e r is 0.80. Ifyou m ak e th e s un inte rval , ie : too m uch contras t.
lam p brigh te r, th e n de cre as e th e s e s e ttings , if W ith jus ta fe w s am pl e s , s om e s am pl e s w ill
its dark e r th e n incre as e th e s e . fal lonto a ve ry brigh tpixe l , and s om e w il lfall
onto a ne arby dark e r pixe l , and th is w illre s ult
M ak e s om e l ow re s olution te s tre nde rs . Cl ick in a "s potty" re nde r. I s ol ve th is probl e m by
and h ol d th e l e ftm ous e button on th e re nde r, bl urring th e originalH DR m ap. From
th is w ills h ow th e col our ofth e give n pixe lin h ttp://w w w .h drs h op.org, you can dow nl oad
th e bottom l e ftcorne r. Drag th e m ous e H DRSh op v1 for fre e . O pe n your l igh tprobe ,
around, and m ak e s ure th atboth th e and in th e Fil te rs m e nu, s e le ctGaus s ian bl ur,
back ground, and th e bas e pl ane is R: 255, G: and inte ns ity acros s th e virtuals k y, m ak ing a and bl ur th e im age , us ing a val ue of4-5 for
255, B: 255. Th e n you're re ady for th e h igh re s m ore natural , s m ooth look . To cl arify th e tw o s m al l
e r m aps : 512*512, to 12-15 for h igh e r
finalre nde r! M ak e s ure to s e tth e q ual ity to te rm s , H DR m e ans h igh -dynam ic range re s olution m aps , l ik e 1512*1512. Re s ave it
M e dium or H igh , th e Re fval ue to s om e th ing im age , w h e re ins te ad ofRGB val ue s from 0 to w ith a diffe re ntnam e .
oth e r th an 1, and turn on Antial ias ing, in th is 255, fl oating pointnum be rs w ith be tte r
e xam pl e I us e d 2 pas s e s w ith 4 s am pl e s e ach , pre cis ion, and a h igh e r "dynam ic range " are
th is is th e s e tting I us ually us e , itis a good us e d to s tore th e l um inos ity (l
igh te m is s ion) of
W O RK SH O P3D - G I and H D RI l
igh ting in Y afray 23
h ttp://yafray.org
W O RK SH O P3D - Y afray caus tics s am pl
e r tutorial 25
Ste p1. Launch Bl e nde r. Ste p4. In th e 3D W indow s w itch to Top Vie w
Ste p2. Go to th e Re nde r Buttons [F10] and [Num 7] and Add [Space Bar] a Pl ane
s w itch th e Re nde re r from Bl
e nde r Inte rnalto [Add>>M e s h >>Pl ane ] to th e s ce ne , th is is
th e Yafray Re nde re r. going to be th e fl oor in th e s ce ne .. ExitEdit
M ode [Tab]. You w il lne e d to M ove [G] itdow n
Th is w illcre ate s om e ne w pane l
s in th e al ong th e Z -axis [Z ] one grid unit[H ol d Ctrl ]s o
In th is tutorialw e are going to e xpe rim e ntw ith Re nde r Buttons , EditButtons , M ate rial th atitis flus h w ith bottom ofth e Cube . O pe n
Yafray and Bl e nde r and le arn h ow th e y Buttons , and th e Lam p Buttons . W e w il lge tto th e Trans form Prope rtie s Pane l[Nk e y] and
inte racttoge th e r. W e w il
lcre ate a s im pl e th e s e ne w pane l s s h ortl
y. s cale th e Pl ane to 50 units or s im pl y pre s s [S]
caus tic e ffe ctus ing de faul ts e ttings . Furth e r and s cal e itto s pre ad up to th e cam e ra vie w .
e xpe rim e ntation can be us e d to cre ate bre ath Ste p3. In th e 3D W indow Se l e ct[RM B] th e Go to th e M ate rialButtons [F8] and Add a
tak ing im age ry! de faul
tcube . Go to th e M ate rialButtons [F8]. Ne w M ate rial .
Th e Raytracing Pane lintroduce s th e avail abl
e
Ge tting Starte d
Firs t, w e w illne e d to h ave
th e late s tve rs ions of
Bl e nde r [Bl e nde r 2.41] and
Yafray [Yafray 0.7] both
ins talle d on your com pute r.
You can ge tth e s e from
w w w .bl e nde r.org and
w w w .yafray.org
re s pe ctive l
y. O nce
W O RK SH O P3D - Y afray caus tics s am pl
e r tutorial 26
M ak e s ure to h ave th e Trace Sh adow fe ature [N]. Se tth e Location XYZ coordinate s to 0,4,2 to Ph oton Lam p. In Bl e nde r onl y w ay to
e nabl e d in th is m ate rial . You can e ve n applya re s pe ctful
ly in th e trans form pane l. Se tth e ge ne rate s caus tics in th e s ce ne is us ing th is
te xture ifyou l ik e . I us e d a l
igh tbl
ue s olid col
or Rotation XYZ coordinate s to 65,0,180 lam p. Ch ange th e Ph oton s e ttings as in Fig. 2.
for th is m ate rial . re s pe ctful
ly. In th e M ate rial
/Lam p Buttons s e t
th e pow e r to 0.250. Give itth e s h ape ofa Ste p7. Now s w itch ove r to Re nde r Buttons
Ste p5. In th e 3D w indow s w itch to Top Vie w Sq uare 3.0. Se tth e 'Sh adow Sam pl e s ' at10 [F10] and ch ange th e s e s e ttings as in Fig. 3.
[Num 7] and s e l e ct[RM B] th e de faul tlam p and or gre ate r.
de l e te [De l
] it. Now pl ace your 3D Curs or at Ste p8. Re nde r [F12] th e s ce ne ! Your re s ul ts
approxim ate l y 0,4,2 XYZ Gl obalcoordinate s . Ste p6. Dupl icate [Sh ift+ D] th e Are a Ligh tth e n s h ould be s im il ar to firs tim age in pre vious
Pre s s [Space Bar] to add an Are a Lam p Cance l[RM B] th e Auto-Grab function. Th is w il l page . Ifyour re nde r doe s n'tm atch ittry to
Add>>Lam p>>Are a. Th e l am p s h ould be place th e duplicate d are a ligh tatth e e xact m atch cl os e l y th e s e ttings as give n e arl
ie r in
autom atical lysel e cte d, butifnots e le ctitand l
ocation ofth e originalare a l igh t. In th e th e figure s . You can al sol ook atth e e xam pl e
th e n bring up th e Trans form Prope rtie s Pane l M ate rial
/Lam p buttons ch ange th e l am p type caus tics .bl e nd fil e ifyou can'tfigure itout!
W O RK SH O P3D - Y afray caus tics s am pl
e r tutorial 27
W h atJus tH appe ne d? Ph otons . Th e y th e n are e m itte d from al lofth e Try adding a te xture or a col
or to th e Cube
Now th atw e h ave ge ne rate d a good e xam pl e l
igh ts in th e s ce ne . Th e m ore ph otons (w e and giving its om e Nor or Dis pl
ace m e nt.
ofCaus tics , now w e are going to l ook ath ow us e d 100,000) be tte r th e re s ul ts , butth is w il
l
th e Caus tics w ork e d in th is s ce ne and w h at als o e xpone ntial l
y incre as e th e re nde ring tim e . Re pl ace th e Cube w ith a Sph e re or anoth e r
el s e options are avail abl e in th e ble nde r m e s h . Us e s e ve ralPh oton Lam ps . H ave your
inte rface . Th e re are th re e pane l s in ble nde r Th e l as tpane lis th e Lam p Pane l [F5]. Th is is s upe r cl us te r h andy! Us e an H DR Gl obal
inte rface th atcontain s e ttings for Caus tics : locate d in th e M ate rial /Lam p buttons . You w il l Te xture .
ne e d to s e l e ctth e ph oton l am p in th e s ce ne to
Th e firs tone is th e Yafray Pane lits e l f. Th is s e e th e Yafray Sh adow and Ph oton tab. By Em ailm e your e xpe rim e nts ! I'd l
ove to tak e a
pane lal low s you to controlth e Yafray e nabl ing Ph oton Lam p w e e nabl e th e us e of l
ook atth e m !
Re nde re r s e ttings . Norm al ly it's good e nough ph otons for th e caus tics from a dire cts ource .
to jus tdis abl e XM Ls o th atyou can s e e th e H e re th e Pow e r s e tting is l ik e any oth e r l igh t
inte ractive re nde ring. Al s o you can l e ave Auto- and te l ls h ow "brigh t" th e caus tics w il lbe . Th is
AA e nabl e d to le tYafray autom atical ly control ph oton l am p al l
ow s us to dire ctth e dire ction of
th e anti al ias ing option. For de tail e d controlof caus tic and optim iz e th e caus tics re s ul ts
Caus tics you w il lh ave to s w itch to m anualanti nice l y. W e us e d about100,000 ph otons h e re .
al ias ing s e tting th ough . For s om e com pl e x s ce ne itcan go al lth e w ay
up to a m il lion! Itjus tde pe nds on h ow m uch
Th e s e cond pane lis th e Yafray GI Pane l . GI com putation you w antto do! You can
s tands for Gl obalIl l
um ination. Gl obal e xpe rim e ntw ith th e oth e r s e ttings as th e y
Illum ination is th e e ffe ctproduce d by th e l igh t us ual ly re q uire s om e te s ting butde faul t
be ing e m itte d from a Gl oball igh ts ource . For s e ttings w il lus ual ly ach ie ve good re s ul ts
th is e xpe rim e ntw e us e d th e Ful lType GI and re gardl ess.
s e tth e q uality to H igh for be tte r re s ul ts . O th e r
s e ttings are De pth and CDe pth . De pth is th e Exte nding Caus tics
dis tance th atYafray cal cul ate s a s ingl e ray Caus tics are notre s tricte d to Trans pare nt
during raytracing. Th e s m al le r th e val ue th e m ate rial s e ith e r! You can us e caus tics for
q uick e r butl e s s accurate th e raytracing w il l m e tal lic m ate rial s too, jus tre m e m be r th attw o I am a 17 ye ar old graph ics artis tand
be . CDe pth is s im il ar butitis for caus tics m e tal lic m ate rial s w il
lals o re fl
e ctth e ph otons program m e r from San Antonio, Te xas .
ph otons in th e s ce ne . Again th e s m al le r th e s o th e y ge ne ral ly w il
lnots h ow up s om e tim e s .
val ue th e q uick e r butl e s s accurate th e A fre e lance s tudio artis tatID Studios
caus tics in th e s ce ne w il lbe . W e al s o e nabl ed To finis h up th is tutorialI'l
lgive you s om e [w w w .inte l
lide s ign.org]
Ph otons in th is pane l . Th is w il le nabl e GI s ugge s tions to pl ay around w ith : and a w e b program m e r atM ons te rW e b
Ph otons w h ich are al s o re fe rre d to as H e l pe r w w w .m ons te rw e b.ne t
W O RK SH O P2D - D PI de m y s tifie d 28
Ste p 1: O pe n your im age O k ay, s o now you h ave a be tte r unde rs tanding
ofdpi and h ow to ge tth e prope r dpi for
Ste p 2: Go to Im age >Im age Siz e , a dial
og box printing, butw h atdpi re s ol ution is be s tfor
l
ik e fig. 3 s h oul
d ope n. w h atyou ne e d. As a ge ne ralrul e , you s h oul d
ch oos e a re s olution be tw e e n 150-300 dpi.
Ste p 3: Atth e bottom ofth e box, unch e ck Th is re s ol
ution is good for m os tprintproje cts .
“Re s am pl
e Im age ” Ifyou are h aving s om e th ing profe s s ional ly
printe d, itis alw ays a good ide a to ch e ck w ith
Ste p 4: Ne xtl ocate th e “Re s ol ution Box”, your printe r and find outw h atre s ol ution th e ir
e nte r your ne w re s olution. Th e W idth and e q uipm e ntruns at.
H e igh tboxe s s h oul d autom atical l
y update to
re fl
e ctth e ne w s iz e atth atre s ol
ution.
H el
lo! de ar bl
e nde r h e ads . Th is tim e w e gotour w e bs ite h os te d th ank s to
ibibl io.org w h ich gracious l y provide d us w ith
W e h ave be e n bringing forth a bundl e ofgood th e w e b s pace . Nam Ph am did a gre atjob
le arning m ate rialfor you for th e pas ts ix w ith th e ne w w e bs ite de s ign and h e h as al so
m onth s . In e ve ry is s ue , w e tak e on a particul ar provide d th e l ong w ante d s ol ution for
as pe ctofCG re l ate d to Bl e nde r and pre s e nt s ubs cribing to our m ail ing l is t. Now al lth os e
you w ith a pack ofus e full e arning m ate rial . All w h o w ills ubs cribe to itw il lge tnotifie d as s oon
th is is m anage d w ith th e h e l p ofth e as th e ne w is s ue is l aunch e d.
e xpe rie nce d bl e nde r h e ads from w ith in th e
bl e nde r com m unity. Th e y h e l p s pre ad th e W ith th is is s ue outw e are al s o s tarting to
k now l e dge by s h aring conte ntfrom th e ir re s tructure both th e m agaz ine de s ign and th e
re s pe ctive fie l
d ofe xpe rtis e . conte nts s o th atw e can continue to provide
you al lw ith e ve n be tte r l
e arning e xpe rie nce
Back w h e n w e jus ts tarte d th e m agaz ine , it for th e tim e to com e .
w as our aim to provide a good re s ource to
cove r th e diffe re ntas pe cts ofCG w ith th e So untilth e n do k e e p s e nding us your
m ain focus be ing on th e e as e ofl e arning for val
uabl e fe e dback and com m e nts .
th e ne w us e rs . W e h ave be e n ove rw h e l med
by th e cons tantapprais aland fe e dback w e got H appy bl
e nding!
from th e bl e nde r com m unity. Th ats h ow s th at Gaurav
w e h ave atl e as tbe e n s ucce s s fulin th atare a. gaurav@ bl e nde rart.org
I tak e th is opportunity on be h al fofour s m al l
te am atbl e nde rartto th ank you al lfor your
com m e nts and fe e dback and attim e s ,
patie nce . And al s o to th e fol
k s w h o h ave
provide d m uch ne e de d m ate rialfor th e
m agaz ine .
D is cl
aim e r 45