Guidebook For ARRA Smart Grid Program Metrics and Benefits - Revised 12-7-2009

GuidebookforARRASmartGridProgram MetricsandBenefits
December7,2009
DOEwantstoworkinpartnershipwiththerecipientsof SmartGridInvestmentGrantawardstodeterminewhat informationisrequiredandhowbesttogatheritfor developingandreportingmetricsandbenefits.This Guidebookservesasawaytobeginadialogue.Inthecoming months,DOEwillworkwitheachgrantrecipienttofinalize thebestapproachforaccomplishingthistask.
GuidebookforARRASmartGridProgramMetricsandBenefits
TableofContents
1.0Context...................................................................................................................................1 . 2.0Approach................................................................................................................................2 2.1ProcessforGatheringandReportingProjectInformation..........................................3 2.2ProcessforDevelopingtheMetricsandBenefitsReportingPlan..............................4 3.0GatheringInformation.........................................................................................................5 3.1MeasurementofSmartGridProgressHowMuchHaveWeBuilt?.......................5 3.2MeasurementofSmartGridImpactWhatwastheOutcome?..............................12 4.0Analyzing&CommunicatingResults.............................................................................15 4.1Investments......................................................................................................................16 . 4.2TransformationoftheElectricPowerSector...............................................................17 4.3Results...............................................................................................................................18
AppendixA:DataCollectionandReportingTemplates AppendixB:GroupNamesforDepartmentofLaborJobCategories AppendixC:MethodologyforAnalyzingSmartGridFunctionsandBenefits AppendixD:ConsumerBehaviorStudyApproach(involvingDynamicPricingwith Randomization)
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1.0Context
TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofEnergy(DOE)hasbeenchargedwithleadingnationalefforts forthemodernizationoftheelectricgrid.TheOfficeofElectricityDeliveryandEnergy Reliability(OE)isresponsibleforheadingthiseffort.Inrecentyears,DOEsresearchand energypolicyprogramshavebeenresponsibleforcoordinatingstandardsdevelopment, guidingresearchanddevelopment,andconveningindustrystakeholdersinvolvedinthe implementationofthesmartgrid.TheAmericanRecoveryandReinvestmentAct(ARRA)has placedanunprecedentedfundingresourceinthehandsofDOE,resultingintheSmartGrid InvestmentGrant(SGIG)programandtheSmartGridDemonstration(SGD)program(Smart GridPrograms). AspartoftheSmartGridPrograms,DOEwillawardapproximately$4billiontoutilities, equipmentsuppliers,regionaltransmissionorganizations,states,andresearchorganizationsto jumpstartsmartgriddeploymentanddemonstrationonamassivescale.Theprojectstobe undertakenbytheserecipientswillsupportcriticalnationalobjectivesincluding: Numberandpercentageofcustomersusingsmartgridenabledenergymanagement systems; Numberandpercentageofdistributionsystemfeederswithdistributionautomation; and Numberandpercentageoftransmissionlinesinstrumentedwithnetworkedsensors usedtoassessandrespondtorealtimegriddisturbances(i.e.,timesynchronized situationalawarenesscapability). .
Asthestewardofthistremendouspublictrust,DOEisdutyboundtomakesurethatthe moneyawardedtorecipientsisinvestedinawaythatmaximizesthepublicbenefitinboththe nearandlongerterms.TheAmericantaxpayers,theirrepresentatives,andDOEexpectthis,and willasktoughquestionsaboutthedevelopmentofthesmartgrid.Toanswerthesequestions DOEwillcollectinformationfromeachoftheawardrecipients(ProjectTeams),andanalyze theinformationtodeterminetheprogressofsmartgridimplementationandtheresulting impacts.DOEisparticularlyinterestedinsixareas,including: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. JobCreationandMarketplaceInnovation; PeakDemandandElectricityConsumption; OperationalEfficiency; GridReliabilityandResilience; DistributedEnergyResourcesandRenewableEnergy;and CarbonDioxideEmissions.
TheGuidebookforARRASmartGridProgramMetricsandBenefits(Guidebook)describes thetypeofinformationtobecollectedfromeachoftheProjectTeamsandhowitwillbeused byDOEtocommunicateoverallconclusionstothepublic.
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2.0Approach
Thescale,complexity,andvarietyofthesmartgridprojectsbeingundertakenacrossthe countryrequireanapproachtodatacollection,analysis,andcommunicationthatisstructured, butflexible.Itshouldbesufficientlyprescriptivewithoutstiflingcreativityandlearning.It shouldprovidetheinformationthatleadstoinsight,notjustdatatobewarehoused.Therefore, DOEwillgatherinformationthatwillhelpanswersomekeyquestions,including: Whatinfrastructure,equipmentanddevicesweredeployed? Whatfunctionalityorcapabilitywasenvisionedorsought? Whatprograms,policiesandbusinessconceptsweretried? Whathappened,andwhy? Whatwerethebenefitsderived?
AsshowninFigure1,DOEsapproachinvolvesthreebasicsteps:gatherinformationfrom ProjectTeams;analyzetheinformation;andcommunicatetheresultstothepublic.
Gather Information
Analyze Information
Figure1.Approach
Communicate Results
DOEwillanalyzethedataprovidedbyProjectTeamstodeterminetheimpactsoftheSmart GridPrograms.Asmentionedpreviously,theseimpactswillbecommunicatedwithinsixtopic areas.CommunicatingresultswillbedoneattheProgramlevel,andproprietaryinformation fromindividualProjectTeamswillnotbedisclosed.
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2.1ProcessforGatheringandReportingProjectInformation
ProjectTeamsareexpectedtogatherinformationandreportitusingBuildMetricsand ImpactMetrics. BuildMetricstrackwhattheProjectTeamsspenttheirmoneyon,andmeasureprogresstoward asmartgrid.Thesemetricswillcomprisehardwareandsoftware,andtheprogramsthatwill leveragetheseinvestments.Itwillincludewhatutilitiesbought(e.g.,smartmeters)andwhat customersbought(e.g.,smartappliances).DOEisalsointerestedinthenumberofcustomers thatareparticipatingindemandmanagementprograms,ortheinstalledcapacityofrenewable distributedgenerationleveragingsmartgridtechnology.Thiswillincludethebuildmetrics resultingfromARRAfundingaswellasfromprivatefundssuppliedbytheProjectTeamcost share.ProjectTeamswillreportBuildMetricsquarterlyusingstructuredtemplates.These templateswillbecompletedaspartofaDraftMetricsandBenefitsReportingPlantobe submittedwithin60daysaftertheProjectTeamreceivesitsaward. ImpactMetricsmeasurehow,andtowhatextent,asmartergridisaffectinggridoperationsand performance,orhowitisenablingcustomerprogramsandbehaviorchanges.Whenprojects becomeoperational,theimpactsshouldbecomemeasureable.Forexample,aProjectTeamthat hasimplementeddistributionautomationmayseeasignificantreductionincustomeroutage minutes.AnotherProjectTeammayshowadropinpeakdemandfromaCriticalPeakPricing program.ProjectTeamswillreportImpactMetricssemiannuallyusingstructuredtemplates. AswiththeBuildMetrictemplates,thesewillbecompletedaspartoftheDraftMetricsand BenefitsReportingPlan.Atthebeginningoftheproject,ProjectTeamsmustalsoprovide BaselineImpactMetrics.Thiswillsupportbeforeandaftercomparisonsofgrid performanceandcustomerbehaviorastheprojectprogresses. Table1summarizesthetwokindsofinformationthatProjectTeamswillberequiredtoprovide andthereportingintervalforeach.
Table1.TypeofInformationtobeCollected Information Type Build Metrics Impact Metrics Description Buildmetricsrefertothemonetaryinvestments,electricityinfrastructureassets, policiesandprograms,marketplaceinnovationandjobsthatarepartofsmartgrid projects. Impactmetricsrefertosmartgridcapabilitiesenabledbyprojectsandthe measurableimpactsofsmartgridprojectsthatdelivervalue. Reporting Interval Quarterly
Semi Annually

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2.2ProcessforDevelopingtheMetricsandBenefitsReportingPlan
ProjectTeamsmustsubmitaDraftMetricsandBenefitsReportingPlantoDOEwithin60days afteraward.Thefollowingoutlinestheprocessforfinalizingthisplan: 1. DOEprovidestheGuidebooktoProjectTeams; 2. ABenefitsandMetricsTeamfromDOEwillworkwitheachProjectTeamtocustomize thedatacollectionandreportingrequirementsforeachproject.Thiswillbedoneusing thestructuredtemplatesincludedinAppendixA.TheBenefitsandMetricsTeamwillbe workinginconjunctionwiththeDOEProjectManagementTeam. 3. Afterreceivinganaward,eachProjectTeamwillhave60daystoworkwithDOEto submitaDraftMetricsandBenefitsReportingPlan. 4. DOEwillreviewtheDraftMetricsandBenefitsReportingPlan. 5. ProjectTeamswillprovideaFinalMetricsandBenefitsReportingPlanuponDOE reviewandapprovaloftheDraftPlan. DOE expects to work collaboratively with Project Teams to develop consistency and quality in the methods used to calculate metrics and develop appropriate baselines. However, it is the Project Teams responsibility to collect and assemble data required to produce the metrics and benefits. In addition, Project Teams shall be available to answer questions DOE may have regarding how the metrics were developed. DOE will provide guidance and assistance regarding these issues on an as-needed basis.
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3.0GatheringInformation
3.1MeasurementofSmartGridProgressHowMuchHaveWeBuilt?
Section1302ofTitleXIIIoftheEnergyIndependenceandSecurityActof2007requiresthata SmartGridSystemReport1bepreparedandsubmittedtoCongressbienniallytodescribethe statusofsmartgriddeploymentsnationwide.Inordertomeasuretheprogressofsmartgrid deployment,theSmartGridSystemReportidentifiesfifteenBuildMetrics.Thesemetricswere distilleddownfromthelistdevelopedduringtheDOESmartGridImplementationWorkshop.2 TheframeworkdescribedhereusesBuildMetricstomeasureprogresstowardasmartgrid organizedintofivecategories,aspresentedinTable2.Eachcategoryisdiscussedinthe followingsections.ItshouldbenotedthattheBuildMetricsobtainedfromtheSmartGrid ProgramsrepresentonlyaportionofthesmartgridBuildMetricstoberepresentedinthe SmartGridSystemsReportsinceprivateindustrymaybeinvestinginsmartgridtechnologies withoutARRAfunds.DOErequestsProjectTeamstoreportonBuildMetricsthatareoutside theSmartGridProgramsaspartoftheirbaselinedata.Thisinformationisrequiredfor subsequentupdatesoftheSmartGridSystemreportandforotherDOEprogrammaticreports.
MetricType MonetaryInvestments ElectricityInfrastructure Assets PoliciesandPrograms JobCreation MarketplaceInnovation Table2:BuildMetricDefinitions Description Totalprojectcosts(DOEplusprivatecostshare)bycategoryandsmartgrid classification Transmissionanddistributionequipmentandenergyresourcesthat,when assembledtogether,comprisesmartgridprojectequipment Policiesandprogramsthatdeterminethecommercialandoperationalrulesfor utilitiesandtheircustomers(e.g.,pricingprograms) Newjobscreatedandretainedasaresultofprojectsbycategoryandsmartgrid classification Newproducts,servicesandprogramsassociatedwithprojectsbycategoryand smartgridclassification
MonetaryInvestments
ProjectTeamswillberequiredtoreportthetotalfunds(DOEplusrecipientcostshare)that havebeenexpendedtodate.DOEwillworkwiththeProjectTeamstodeterminethe appropriateamountanddetailofdatarequiredforanalysis.Alistofdatathatwillberequired isshowninTable3.Crosscuttingprojectsshouldreportmonetaryinvestmentsinthecategory withprimaryresponsibility.
SmartGridSystemReport,U.S.DepartmentofEnergy,July2009,pg.184,OfficeofElectricitywebsite.
2MetricsforMeasuringProgressTowardImplementationoftheSmartGrid,DOESmartGridImplementation
WorkshopheldonJune2021,2008.
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Table3.BuildMetricsMonetaryInvestments ProjectCostReportingbyCategoryandSmartGridProjectClassification($1000s) Customer Electric Electric Equipment Regional CostCategory AMI Systems* Distribution Transmission Manufacturing Demonstration Personnel Contractual Construction Equipment
*Customersystemsareallthesmartgriddevicesonthecustomersideofthemeter
Energy Storage
ElectricityInfrastructureAssets
Assetsrefertotransmissionanddistributionequipmentthatwhenassembledtogetherprovide smartgridfunctionality.Smartgridassetsimprovetheabilitytoautomateandremotelycontrol gridoperations,andalsoprovidecustomerswithrealtimedatasothattheycanmakeinformed decisionsabouttheirenergyconsumption.Forinstance,AMIgivestheutilitytheabilityto conductrealtimeloadmeasurementandmanagementanditgivesthecustomertherealtime datarequiredtooptimizetheirelectricityuseinordertoreducecost. Furthermore,assetscanincludeenergyresourcesthateitherdeliverelectricityorcontributeto loadreduction.Energyresourcesthatwillinteractwiththegridinclude:distributedgeneration, stationaryelectricitystorage,pluginelectricvehicles,andsmartappliances.Theseresources cancommunicateandmakeoperatingdecisionsbasedonsignalsfromthegridorcustomers. DOEwillcollectinformationregardingthedeploymentofthesetypesofdevices.Attributes suchascompliancewithprevailingstandardswillalsobecollected. DOEwillworkwiththeProjectTeamstoidentifydatarequirementsthatpertaintoeachproject. PotentialdatarequirementsformeasuringprogressandtrackingassetsaredescribedinTable4. BaselinedataorastartingpointforeachBuildMetricwillberequiredaspartofthereported dataandinformation.
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Table4.BuildMetricsElectricityInfrastructureAssets
AssetType DescriptionofInformation Transmission&DistributionEquipment Numberofcustomerendpointsincludedina networkinvolvingsmartmeters,communications anddatamanagementsystemsdesignedtocollect electricityusageandrelatedinformationfrom customersanddeliverinformationtocustomers. AMISystems Thisinformationisreportedbycustomerclass, andwouldincludethegeneralfeaturesor capabilityofthedevices.Itshouldalsobe reportedasapercentageofserviceterritory covered. Numberofcustomerendpointsthathavedevices orportalsthroughwhichenergyandrelated informationcanbecommunicatedtoandfrom utilitiesorthirdpartyenergyserviceproviders. CustomerDisplay Thisinformationwouldbereportedbycustomer DeviceorPortal classandincludethegeneralfeaturesorcapability ofthedevices.Connectiontootherappliances included. NumberofautomateddistributionfeedersorDA devicesthatcanbeusedtoperformautomatic switching,reactivedevicecoordination,orother feederoperations/control. IllustrativeExamples
50,000residentialsmartmetersthat recordelectricityconsumptionin 15minuteintervals.Metersinclude remoteconnection/disconnection capability.(10%ofserviceterritory covered) Awirelessmeshcommunications networkcovering100squaremiles Meterdatamanagementsystem 10,000residentialenergydisplays includingrealtimeandhistorical consumptionandpricing information Webbasedenergyinformation portalavailableto100,000 residentialandsmallcommercial customers 20automateddistributionfeeders 40advancedfaultdetectors IntegrationwithDistribution ManagementSystemforfeeder optimization Equipmenthealthsensors 10advancedfeederswitches 100PQmonitorsdeployedalong10 distributionfeeders Fiveautomatedsubstations, includingLANandgateway hardware,breakercontrolsand onlinetransformermonitoring CommonInformationModel(CIM) compliant 10PMUs 3phasordataconcentrators Softwaretoanalyzephasordataand identifyabnormalconditions 25monitorsinstalledon345kV transmissionlinesproviding dynamiclineratingstogrid operators
10monitorsinstalledon345/115kV substationtransformersmonitoring operatingtemperatureandoil condition
Distribution Automation
Advanced InterruptingSwitches PowerQuality Monitors
Substation Automation
Numberofswitchesortechnologythatcandetect andclearfaultsmorequicklyorwithoutreclosing. Numberofdevicesmonitoringpowerquality withinthedistributionsystem.Thiscapability couldalsobeincludedasasmartmeterfeature. Numberofsubstationsorsubstationdevices employingadvancedsensors,communications, informationprocessingoractuators.Thiscould includeequipmentloadingandhealthmonitors.
NumberofPMUsdeployed,andorthescopeof thepowersystembeingmonitored.This PhasorMeasurement informationcouldalsoincludedataconcentrators, informationmanagementsystems,oranalytical Units(PMUs) toolsforutilizingphasordata.Integrationwith NASPInet. Numberofmonitoringdevicesthatcanmeasure transmissionlineloading,operatingtemperature, TransmissionLine groundclearance,orotherparametersthatwould Monitors affectcapability. Substation Transformer Monitors Numberofsubstationtransformerswith monitoringdevicesthatmeasurestation transformerloading,operatingtemperature,oil condition,orparametersthataffectcapability.
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Table4.BuildMetricsElectricityInfrastructureAssets(Continued)
AssetType Controllable/ RegulatingInverters FaultCurrentLimiter Advanced Analysis/Visualization Software HighTemperature Superconductor (HTS)Cable EnergyResources DescriptionofInformation Numberofinvertersthatcanbecoordinatedor managedcollectively,orprovidegridsupport. Numberoffaultcurrentlimitingdevices.This informationwouldincludethenatureofthe application. Systemsinstalledtoanalyzegridinformationor helphumanoperators. NumberofHTScablesystems.Thesecouldbe usedforcapacityorapplicationssuchasVeryLow Impedance(VLI)tocontrolimpedanceandpower flow. TheamountofDGinstalledaspartoftheproject, includingresourcetype,capacity(totalMW), numberofunits,ownership,expectedcapacity factor,regulatingcapability,andpointof interconnection Theamountoflargescalerenewableenergy(e.g., windfarms,solar) IllustrativeExamples
500regulatingPVinvertersto managefeedervoltage Threefaultcurrentlimitersapplied intransmissionsubstationstoavoid breakeroverloading Phasordatamanagementsystems Wideareamonitoringandcontrol systems TwoHTScablesystems,including lengthandcapacity
Distributed Generation
LargeScale RenewableEnergy
StationaryElectricity Storage
Theamountofstationaryelectricitystorage installedaspartoftheproject,includingresource type,capacity(MVA),energystored(MWh), numberofunits,andpointofinterconnection ThenumberofPEVsinoperation,alongwitha descriptionofthechargingpoints
PluginElectric Vehicles
Smart Appliances/Devices
LoadServedby Microgrids
Numberofappliances/devicesbytype(typerefers totheclassofappliancethatcanbecontrolledor receivepricingdata.Forexample,thermostats, poolpumps,clotheswashers/dryers,water heaters,etc.) Thenumberofcustomersandaggregateload(by class)servedbymicrogrids.(Microgridsare definedaselectricalsystemsthatincludemultiple loadsanddistributedenergyresourcesthatcanbe operatedinparallelwiththegridorasan electricalisland.)
50MWofPVinstalledoncommercial rooftops,interconnectedbehindthe meterbutcanexporttothegrid;250 kWto500kWtypicalsystemsize;no regulatingcapabilityfrominverters; expectedcapacityfactorof15%. 250MWofconcentratingsolarpower interconnectedontransmission; expectedcapacityfactorof27% 350MWwindfarminterconnectedon transmission;expectedcapacityfactor of25% 10MWofneighborhoodenergy storage(100unitsat100kWeach) connectedtoprimarydistribution 15MWenergystoragesystemlocated ata34kVsubstation 100customerownedPEVschargedat residencesatcustomerdiscretion 50commerciallyownedPEVscharged atfleetchargingstationsatnight 1,000smartrefrigeratorsthatcanbe cycledbytheutilityorathirdparty energyserviceprovider 10,000residentialthermostatsthat canrespondtopricingandload controlsignalsfromtheutility 200residentialandsmallcommercial customerswithatotalpeakloadof10 MW,servedbyaneighborhood microgridincludingdistributedPVand energystorage Aninstitutionalcampuswithapeak loadof5MW,servedbyacombined heatandpowergeneratorandenergy storage
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PoliciesandPrograms
Therearealsopoliciesandprogramsthatmaybeimplementedalongwithsmartgridassetsin ordertoobtainthemaximumbenefitspossible.Forexample,customersthathaveaccessto dynamicpricingprograms,haveanincentivetousetheinformationprovidedbyadvanced meteringinfrastructure(AMI)/smartmeters.DOEwillbecollectinginformationregardingthe deploymentandadoptionofthesetypesofpoliciesandprograms.Examplesofthesepolicies andprogramsinclude,butarenotlimitedto: DemandResponse; DynamicPricing; CriticalPeakPricing; DistributedResourceInterconnectionPolicy;and Policy/RegulatoryProgressforRateRecovery.
DOEwillworkwiththeProjectTeamstoidentifydatarequirementsforeachprojectsuchas thoselistedinTable5.
Policy/Program
PricingandLoad Management DistributedEnergy Resources(DER) Interconnection Standard NetMeteringforDER DERExportPricing Tariff FeedinTariff RenewablePortfolio Standard EnergyEfficiency ResourceStandard RateDecoupling
Table5.BuildMetricsPoliciesandPrograms DescriptionofInformation IllustrativeExamples

Programinformationbycustomerclass. Alsoincludeinformationabout participationrates. Standardprocessforinterconnection requestsandapproval.Thiscouldvaryby sizeandDERtype. Policythatallowsforbidirectionalmetering andcreditforDERexport. RetailtariffthatpaysDERownersfor electricityproducedandexported. Informationaboutfeedintariffsfor renewableenergythatmayapply,including resourcecharacteristicsandpricing. Informationaboutrenewableportfolio standardsthatmayapply. Informationaboutenergyefficiency resourcestandardsthatmayapply. Informationdescribingratedecouplingor similarstructuresdesignedtoeliminate utilitydisincentivesassociatedwith reducedelectricitysales. Totalannualprivateequityandventure capitalfundingofsmartgridstartups locatedintheU.S. R&Dprogramsrelatedtosmartgrid, includingannualprogrambudgets. Statelawrequiresthatcustomerusage informationisavailabletothirdparties. Realtimepricing Directloadcontrol CriticalPeakPricing DERinterconnectionstandardforinverter basedresourceslessthan1MW DERinterconnectionstandardforresources greaterthan1MW Netmeteringpolicywithcreditsfor residentialDERswithcapacitylessthan20 kW DERproductiontariffforresidentialand commercialsystemslessthan20kW Feedintariffforcleanenergyresourcesat arateof35centsperkWhwithaper customercapof1MW. RPStargetof20%by2020,with informationaboutqualifyingresources. EERStargetof10%ofdemandgrowthby 2015,withprogramdetails. Retailratedecouplingprogramdetails. Trueupmechanismforfixedcosts. $5Bofpublicequityissuedbycompanies $2Bofprivateequityinvestmentinsmart gridstartupcompanies $200MinsmartgridR&Dbetweenfederal andstateresearchorganizations Hourlydatafor7,000customersisshared withtwothirdpartyenergyproviders
FinancialInvestments SmartGridR&D RightstoCustomer Data
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JobCreationandMarketplaceInnovation
TheSmartGridSystemsReport3suggeststhatnewjobs,products,services,andmarketswill developinresponsetothegrowthofthesmartgrid.Smartgridinvestmentscanenablenew productsandservicesbecauseitprovidesthebasisforasystemwhereallcustomersare dynamicallyconnected,muchliketheInternet.Forexample,thesmartgridmayenable consumerorientedsmartequipment,aswellasotherdevicesthatcanbeusedtoenable existingequipmenttorespondtosmartgridconditions.Predictingallthepossibleinnovation willbedifficult,butliketheInternet,thesmartgridwillbeafoundationwhichcanspur potentiallyendlessinnovationoncethekeyinfrastructureisinplace.Themeasurementofthe creationandretentionofjobswillbequantitative,andthemeasurementofmarketplace innovationwillbequalitative.DOEwillworkwiththeProjectTeamstoidentifydata requirementsthatpertaintoeachproject. ProjectTeamswillreportnewprogramsandjointventureswithsuppliers,aswellasnovel methodsoftakingadvantageofthefunctionalitythatthesmartgridprovides.Potentialdata requirementsformeasuringprogressonmarketinnovationarelistedinTable6.
Table6.BuildMetricsMarketplaceInnovation MarketReportingbyCategoryandSmartGridProjectClassification Market Category
Measure NumberofProducts Customer Systems AMI Electric Distribution Electric Transmission Regional Energy Equipment Manufacturing Demonstration Storage
Products CustomerswithAccess
CustomersAdopting NumberofServices Services CustomerswithAccess CustomersAdopting NumberofPrograms Pricing CustomerswithAccess Programs CustomersParticipating
Potentialdatarequirementsformeasuringprogressandtrackingjobcreationandretentionare listedinTable7.Jobswillbereportedbycategoryandsmartgridprojectclassification.Jobsthat involvecrosscuttingsmartgridprojectsshouldbeallocatedtothecategorywithprimary responsibilityoractivity.AppendixBprovidestheDepartmentofLabordefinedjobcategories thathavebeencombinedtocreatetheeighthigherlevelcategoriesshowninTable7thatwillbe usedforreporting.Jobscreatedandretainedshouldbereportedinfulltimeequivalents(FTEs). ForthepurposesofreportingBuildMetrics,jobscreatedandretainedwillincludethose resultingfromARRAfundingaswellasrecipientfunding.Jobscreatedandretainedwillbe reportedquarterlybasedonacalendaryear.Therequirementforreportingjobsisbasedona simplecalculationusedtoavoidoverstatingthenumberofotherthanfulltime,permanentjobs.
3
SmartGridSystemReport,U.S.DepartmentofEnergy,July2009,pg.184,OfficeofElectricitywebsite.
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10
Thiscalculationconvertsparttimeortemporaryjobsintofulltimeequivalent(FTE)jobs.In ordertoperformthecalculation,arecipientwillneedthetotalnumberofhoursworked (includinghoursfundedbytheRecoveryActandhoursfundedbytheRecipientcostshare)by categoryandthetotalnumberofhoursworkedfortheentireprojectbylaborcategory.The numberofhoursinafulltimescheduleforaquarterwillequal520(onequarterof2,080)and foramonthwillequal173.33.Theformulasforreportingquarterlyandmonthlycanbe representedasfollows: CumulativeHoursWorked(qtr1n)/Cumulativehoursinafulltimeschedule(520) CumulativeHoursWorked(month1n)/Cumulativehoursinafulltimeschedule(173.33)

Table7.BuildMetricsJobsCreatedandRetained JobReportingbyCategoryand SmartGridProjectClassification(FTEs)
Customer Systems Managers PrimeRecipient SubRecipient Vendor Engineers PrimeRecipient SubRecipient Vendor ComputerrelatedOccupations PrimeRecipient SubRecipient Vendor EnvironmentalandSocialScientists PrimeRecipient SubRecipient Vendor Construction,Electrical,andOther Trades PrimeRecipient SubRecipient Vendor Analysts PrimeRecipient SubRecipient Vendor BusinessOccupations PrimeRecipient SubRecipient Vendor Recording,Scheduling,Computer OperatorOccupations PrimeRecipient SubRecipient Vendor JobCategory AMI Electric Distribution Electric Transmission Equipment Regional Energy Manufacturing Demonstration Storage
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3.2MeasurementofSmartGridImpactWhatwastheOutcome?
TheImpactMetricsoutlinedinTable8aremeasurementsofhowthesmartgridworks. Electricityinfrastructureassetsinconjunctionwiththepoliciesandprogramswillactivate smartgridfunctionalitythatwillmodernizethegridandprovideenhancedsensing, communication,informationprocessing,andcontroltotheutility.Thenewfunctionalitywill providebenefitswhichcanbequantifiedandmonetizedtodeterminethevalueoftheprojector theoverallprogram.DOEwillusetheImpactMetricstoconductaquantitativebenefits analysis. Inordertoensureconsistentreporting,quantification,andmonetizationofbenefits,DOEwill applyabenefitanalysisframework(seeAppendixC).Thisframeworkservesasthestarting pointforadialoguebetweentheDOEMetricsandBenefitsTeamandeachProjectTeamto determinethebestapproachforcalculatingbenefitsbasedonadvancedgridfunctionalitythat comesfromeachproject.DOEhasdevelopedasetofalgorithmsforcalculatingbenefitsbased onImpactMetricsandwillprovidethesetotheProjectTeams.Thesealgorithmswillbe customizedsothattheImpactMetricsfinalizedbetweentheDOEandtheProjectTeamcanbe usedtomostappropriatelycalculateprojectbenefits.DOEexpectstoiteratewitheachofthe ProjectTeamstoestablishconsistencyamongtheprojectswithrespecttocalculatingbenefits. Theframework(summarizedinAppendixC)identifiestheassetsimplementedaspartofthe project,thefunctionalitythatisactivatedduetothoseassets,andthebenefitsthatcanbe realizedasaresultofnewfunctionality.Measurementswillberequiredforthebaseline condition(i.e.,priortosmartgridprojectimplementation)aswellasforafterimplementation foreachImpactMetricandbenefitthatappliestoaproject.
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Metric Customer ElectricityUsage UtilityO&M Costs
Equipment Failures
PowerQuality Incidents
Reliability Indices SubstationLoad
Substation Overloads
Transmission LineLoad Transmission LineOverloads
Deferred Transmission Capacity Investment
Distribution FeederLoad Distribution Feeder Overloads
Table8.ImpactMetrics DescriptionofInformation IllustrativeExamples Loaddataandelectricitycostbycustomer Hourlyloaddatabycustomer class,includingtariffand/orSICcode Monthlycustomerelectricitycosts Activitybasedcostforrelevantutilitycosts Meterreading Distributionoperationsandmaintenance Transmissionoperations&maintenance Substationoperationsandmaintenance Customercare/callcenteroperations Incidentsofequipmentfailurewithinthe Linetransformerfailuresduetowinding projectscope deterioration Circuitbreakerbushingfailure Undergroundcablefailure Thenumberofincidentsthatpowerquality Incidentsoflowvoltageondistribution exceededsettolerances(e.g.,voltagesurges reportedbysmartmeters sags,voltageimpulses,orharmonic Customercomplaintsofequipment distortion).Incidentscouldbemeasuredby tripping theprojectorreportedbycustomers. IEEEStd13662003IEEEreliabilityindices SAIDI,SAIFI,CAIDI,MAIFIfortheproject includingSAIDI,SAIFI,CAIDI,MAIFI infrastructure Substationloadsforthosesubstationsinvolved Hourlyreadingsforrealandreactive intheproject(ProjectsdemonstratingSmart power Gridbenefitsatthefeederand/orsubstation levelneedtomonitortheeffectsatthelevelat whichtheycouldbemeasured.) Incidentswhensubstationequipmentload Hoursthatthetotaltransformerloading exceedednormalratings exceedednormalnameplaterating Percentageoftimethatthesubstation loadexceededplanningcriteria Transmissionlineloadsforthoselinesinvolved Hourlyreadingsforrealandreactive intheproject powerforlinesinvolvedintheproject Incidentswhentransmissionlineload Hoursthatthetotallineloading exceedednormalrating exceedednormalrating Percentageoftimethatthelineload exceededcriteria Thenewtransmissioncapacitydeferredasa A$10milliontransmissionlineupgrade resultofsmartgridinformationoroperations wasdeferredtwoyearsduetodynamic linerating A$500thousandsubstationtransformer upgradewasdeferredforayearby implementingdemandresponse Hourlyfeederloads(realandreactive) for Hourlyreadingsforrealandreactive thosefeedersinvolvedintheproject powerforthosefeedersinvolvedinthe project Incidentswhendistributionfeeder load Hoursthatthetotallineloading exceedednormalrating exceedednormalrating Percentageoftimethatthelineload exceededplanning/operationscriteria
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Metric Deferred Distribution Capacity Investment
T&DLosses
PowerFactor
Generation CapacityFactor Deferred Generation Capacity Investment EnergySupplied fromRenewable Resources EnergySupplied fromDistributed Resources ElectricityTheft VehicleEmissions
Table8.ImpactMetrics(Continued) DescriptionofInformation IllustrativeExamples Thenewdistribution capacitydeferredasa A$1milliondistributionfeederupgrade resultofsmartgridinformationor wasdeferredfortwoyearsduetobetter operations managingvoltagealongthefeeder Adistributionsubstationupgradewas avoidedduetorealtimeloadtransfertoa neighboringsubstationduringpeaktimes Electricitylossesofinfrastructurewithin Transmissionlinelosseswerereducedby theprojectscope 5%byimplementingconservationvoltage reduction Feederpeaklossesreducedbydispatching energystorageduringpeaktimes Powerfactorofthesystemwithinthe Distributionfeederpowerfactorimproved projectscope to0.99followingvoltageregulationby DERs Capacityfactorofelectricitygeneration Generationcapacityfactorof33% relevanttotheprojectanditsarea MWofgenerationcapacitydeferred,along 350MWnaturalgaspeakerplant withestimatedcost,andtotalgeneration deferred;capitalcarryingchargeof$60 investmentdeferred millionperyear MWhofelectricityproducedbyrenewable sources MWhofelectricityproducedbydistributed sources Identificationofmetertamperingand/or electricitytheft Reductioninpollutingemissionsfrom utilityservicefleetvehicles,andreduction invehiclemilestravelledassociatedwith operationalefficiencygainsand automation 1.5GWhofelectricityfromwind generation 300MWhofelectricityfromrooftopPV 200MWhofelectricityfromcombined heatandpowergeneration Meterswithpotentialtampering Meterswithsuspectreadings Reductioninvehiclemilestravelled associatedwithautomationand operationalefficiency
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4.0Analyzing&CommunicatingResults
TheSmartGridProgramsareexpectedtotransformhowcustomersinteractwiththeirutility andhowutilitiesoperatethegrid,deliveringseveralimportantresults(Figure2).
Investments
EquipmentManufacturing CustomerSystems AdvancedMetering Infrastructure ElectricDistribution Systems ElectricTransmission Systems Integratedand/or CrosscuttingSystems RegionalDemonstrations EnergyStorage
Transformation
Results
JobCreationand MarketplaceInnovation ReducedPeakLoadand Consumption OperationalEfficiency GridReliabilityand Resilience
Customer Empowerment
AdvancedGrid Functionality
MoreDistributedand RenewableEnergy LowerCarbonDioxide Emissions
Figure2.SmartGridProgramInvestments,Transformation,andResults
DOEwillusethedatacollectedfromProjectTeamstotrackinvestments,monitorandmeasure transformation,andreporttheresultsofthesmartgridinvestments.DOEwillanalyzethe individualprojectdataaswellasacombinationofdatafromalltheprojectstobuilda foundationofreliablefactsandinsightsforthepublic.Theinformationwillbegroupedby projecttypeallowingtheresultstobeexaminedonaprogrammaticbasis. DOEwillcommunicatetheimpactofthesmartgridinvestmentsinseparatetopics,namely: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. JobCreationandMarketplaceInnovation; PeakDemandandElectricityConsumption; OperationalEfficiency; GridReliabilityandResilience; DistributedEnergyResourcesandRenewableEnergy;and CarbonDioxideEmissions.
Forexample,ifthepublicisinterestedinhowmuchcarbondioxidewasreduced,orwhatthe reliabilityimpactswere,DOEwillbeabletosharetheresultsforthatparticulartopic.Those interestedininvestinginthesmartgridcanusethesetopicresultstounderstandwhereother investmentsshouldfocus.Thesetopicswillalsohelptosubstantiatetheimpactofthenascent smartgridtechnologiesandhelpDOEunderstandhowandwhytheprojectsaccomplishedthe resultsthattheyachievedfromthesmartgridtechnologiesthatweredeployed.
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4.1Investments
DOEwilltrackthetotalinvestmentfortheeightSmartGridprojectcategoriesareasoverthe nextthreeyears.ThiswillincludethecostshareormatchfundingprovidedbyProjectTeams.
Table9.InvestmentsbySmartGridProjectCategories Investmentinmillions SmartGridProjectCategories 2010 2011 2012 CustomerSystems $ $ $ AdvancedMeteringInfrastructure $ $ $ ElectricDistribution $ $ $ ElectricTransmission $ $ $ Integratedand/orCrosscuttingSystems $ $ $ EquipmentManufacturing $ $ $ RegionalDemonstrations $ $ $ EnergyStorage $ $ $
Total $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
TheinvestmentsmadebytheSmartGridProgramswillfundthedeploymentoftechnologies andtoolsthatcontributetothedevelopmentofamodernizedtransmissionanddistribution system.Assetswillalsobedeployedtoenabletheactiveparticipationofcustomers.TheSmart GridProgramswillacceleratethespreadofthesecustomerrelatedandgridrelatedassets throughouttheU.S.(Figure3).DOEwillmeasurethepenetrationratesofsmartgrid technologies,toolsandtechniquesresultingfromSmartGridProgramprojects.

Customer Empowerment OverXXmillion customersinvolved YYdifferent pricing programstested Over$Xbillionin relatedinvestment KeyAssets Numberofinhomeenergydisplays Numberofcustomerwebportals Numberofcustomerswithsmartappliances NumberofPEVchargingstations Numberofsmartmeters Numberofmeterdatamanagementsystems KeyAssets
Distribution
PenetrationRate % % % % % % PenetrationRate % % % % % % % %
AdvancedGrid Functionality OverXX,000advanced griddevicesdeployed YYgridmanagement systemsinoperation Over$Xbillionin relatedinvestment
Numberofsubstationswithautomation Numberoffeederswithsensing/automation Numberofdistributionmanagementsystems Numberofadvancedfeederswitches Numberofphasormeasurementunits Numberofphasordataconcentrators Numberofgridvisualizationsystems Numberoflineswithdynamicratings
Transmission
Figure3:AssetsDeployedforCustomerEmpowermentandAdvancedGridFunctionality
December7,2009 16
4.2TransformationoftheElectricPowerSector
TheassetsthataredeployedaspartoftheSmartGridProgramswillhelpempowerelectricity customersandenableadvancedgridfunctionalityforutilities.Bothsidesofthesupplydemand relationshipwillgainasignificantdegreeofinformationandcontrolwithwhichtoincreasethe valueofelectricity.DOEwillworkwitheachoftheProjectTeamstoidentifythegrid functionalityandcustomerprogramsthatwillsupportthetransformationtoamoderngrid. Thisisintendedtobeacollaborativeprocess,andeventhoughDOEhastriedtobe comprehensive,theremaybesomeideasproposedbytheProjectTeamsthatgobeyondwhat DOEhadenvisioned.Insuchacase,DOEwillworktodevelopanewfunctiontodescribethe capability.Transformationsbroughtaboutbydeployingsmartgridtechnologiesfallintotwo majorcategories:electricitycustomerempowermentandadvancedgridfunctionality,asshown inFigure3,above.
ElectricityCustomerEmpowerment
Manyprojectswillbeaimedatenablingsmartgridfunctionsonthecustomersideofthemeter. Energydisplays,informationportals,smartappliancesanddistributedenergyresourceswill providecustomerswiththeinformationandenergymanagementcapabilitytheyneedto becomeempoweredenergypartnersratherthanpassiveelectricalload.Customerswillbeable tomakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhenandhowtosatisfytheirenergyneeds.Theywillalso bepositionedtoparticipateactivelyinnewenergyprogramsandmarkets.DOEwillworkwith theseProjectTeamstoidentifydatarequirementsthatwillallowforanaggregateassessmentof howconsumers,asawhole,alteredtheirconsumption,aswellasamorecategoricalreporting ofresponseatadisaggregatedlevelofdetail. SomeProjectTeamsthatplantoofferdynamicpricinghavenotplannedanycontrolled evaluationofresponse.Insuchcases,DOEexpectstoreceiveaggregateparticipationfigures(as proposedinTable6oftheGuidebook)aswellasImpactMetrics(asproposedinTable8ofthe Guidebook).However,indiscussionsbetweenDOEandtheProjectTeams,opportunitiesto collectmoredisaggregateddatamightbeidentified.OtherProjectTeamshaveproposed evaluationsoftheeffectsofdifferentrate,technology,andinformationoptionsonconsumers electricityconsumption.Asindicatedabove,forsuchanapproachtobesuccessful,projects mustbedesignedinsuchawaythattheseeffectscanbequantifiedwiththenecessarylevelof statisticalprecision,whilealsoconsideringthenatureofthedatabeingrequested. AppendixDprovidesdetailabouttheapproachforevaluatingtheresultsofprojectsthat involveadvancedmeteringandpricingprogramstobetterunderstandconsumerbehavior.
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AdvancedGridFunctionality
Inadditiontocustomerempowerment,DOEwillmonitorthetransformationofthegridin termsoftheadvancedfunctionalityrealizedandtherelatedbenefits.AsdescribedinSection3 andAppendixC,DOEwillapplyastandardmethodologytoidentifyfunctionsandbenefitsfor eachoftheprojects.Forinstance,twoprojectsmightshareacommonideaofdeployingsmart meteringandcommunicationsalongwithadynamicelectricitypricingprogram.TeamAmight callthisarealtimeloadmanagementprogram,andthattermwillhavearichmeaningto TeamA.TeamBmightsaythisispartofourautomateddemandresponseprogram.Onthe surface,thetwoteamsmightappeartobetalkingabouttwodifferentthings.However,upon closerinspection,bothprojectsinvolvethesamekindsofassets(e.g.,smartmeters, communications,andportals)andaprogramwheretheyaresendingpricingsignalsor commandstocustomers.UsingtheframeworkdescribedinAppendixC,bothprojectswould involveRealTimeLoadMeasurement&Managementasafunction.Bothoftheprojects wouldalsoinvolveapolicy/programthatDOEwouldcategorizeasDemandResponse.
4.3Results
ThecustomerempowermentandadvancedgridfunctionalitysupportedbytheSmartGrid ProgramswilldeliverresultsthatDOEwillcommunicatewithinsixtopics.Theseareillustrated inthefollowingsections.
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JobCreationandMarketplaceInnovation
TheSmartGridProgramswillcreatejobs The Smart Grid Programs will create jobs andsupportthedeploymentofnew productsandservices.Theimplementation oftechnologyandinfrastructure,andthe associatedtransformationofelectricityasa servicewillstimulateinnovationinthe marketplace.Newofferingswillemergeto helpcustomersmanageelectricityuse.New h l t l t i it N resourcessuchasdistributedrenewable generationandpluginelectricvehicleswill requirenewsaleschannels,installation, maintenanceandmanagementservices. TheSmartGridProgramshavethe potential to contribute to long term growth potentialtocontributetolongtermgrowth ineconomicactivityassociatedwithsmart grid.Keyaspectsofthisgrowthwillbe reflectedincontinuedinvestmentby utilitiesinsmartgridequipmentand services,venturecapitalinvestmentsin relatedstartupsandeconomicactivity associatedwithnewproductsandservices. associated with new products and services Utilities,contractors,equipment manufacturers,andenergyservices providerswillhavenewjobstobefilledby askilledandhighlytechnicalworkforce.
Keymetricstracktheeconomic impactofthe DOESmartGridPrograms

TotalJobsCreatedandRetained(number) NewProgramsandPolicies(number) CustomerswithAccesstoNewPricing Products(number) RetailInfrastructure: numberofDGInterconnections numberofCustomerPortals numberofSmartAppliances numberofPEVChargingStations X,XXX,XXX XX X,XXX,XXX X XXX XXX
XXX,XXX XXX,XXX XXX,XXX XXX,XXX
Electricitytransactionsinnewmarketsisgrowing foralltypesofpricingprograms
ElectricityTransactedinNewMarkets(kWh)
PEVChargingStations SmartAppliances DGInterconnections CPP TOU 1,000 RTP 2,000 DLC 3,000
DOEinvestmenthasstimulatedsignificantnew economicactivity
TotalSmartGridEconomicActivity($billions) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 2010 DOE 2011 Utility 2012 VC 2013 2014 2015
SmartGridProgramshavehelpedcreateover 20,000jobstodate
20,000jobs todate
Managers Engineers Analysts BusinessOccupations ComputerRelatedOccupations Environmental&SocialScientists E i l&S i lS i i Construction,Electrical,andOtherTrades Reporting,Scheduling,ComputerOperatorOccupations
NewEconomicActivity *
TransactionrevenuefromPEVs,DG,andothernewproducts. *
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19
PeakDemandandElectricityConsumption
Smartmeters,energydisplaysandportals, Smart meters energy displays and portals andsmartapplianceswillhelpcustomers makeinformeddecisionsaboutthe electricitytheyuse.Thesetechnologies, combinedwithnewpricingprogramsand loadcontroltechniqueswillhelputilities managepeakpowerdemandandimprove theutilizationofgeneration,transmission th tili ti f ti t i i anddistributionassets.Customerswill benefitfrombeingabletomanagetheir electricityconsumptioninwaysconsistent withtheirpersonalandbusinesspriorities, consideringfactorssuchastotalcost, convenience,andresourcecomposition.
Key AssetsandCustomerDevicesthatwill contributetoDemandManagement

Smartmeters(units) Customerenergydisplaysorcustomers withportalaccess(number) Distribution AutomationSystems (number) Gridresponsive,nongenerating demandsidedevicespurchased(units) X,XXX,XXX
X,XXX,XXX
X,XXX
X,XXX,XXX
Technologiesandpricingprogramsdesignedtoreducepeakdemandandelectricityconsumptionhave modifiedtheloadcurve
CustomerDemand Contributionto PeakReduction PeakReduction PeakShifting OffPeak Periods DirectLoadControl CriticalPeakPricing RealtimePricing OnPeak Periods Conservation DirectLoadControl CriticalPeakPricing RealtimePricing 0 Hoursperyear 8 60 8760 Baseline AfterSmartGridPrograms Contributionto PeakShifting Peak Shifting
Pricingprogramshavereducedpeakdemand 20%overthepastfiveyears
35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% 2010 2011 DLC CPP 2012 TOU 2013 RTP 2014 CLC 2015
Demandmanagementhasenableddeferralof $1.2billionincapitalupgradeseachyear
$1.2billionperyear
Generation Transmission Distribution
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OperationalEfficiency
Largeportionsoftoday selectricity Large portions of todays electricity infrastructurerequireahighdegreeof manualoperation.Theadvancedsensing, communications,informationprocessing andcontrolcreatedbytheSmartGrid Programswillhelputilitiesgainefficiencies thatcanbeleveragedtohelpreduce operatingcostsandimproveresponsiveness ti t di i tocustomers.Newtechnologiessuchas advancedmeteringinfrastructure, distributionautomationandphasor measurementunitswillhelputilitiesand gridoperatorsbuild,operateandmaintain anelectricityinfrastructurethatismore resourceefficient,reliableand environmentallyfriendly,creating significantvalueforstakeholdersoverthe longterm.Thedataandmetricsforthis areawillshowhowtheDOEfunded projectshavesupportedthis.
KeyassetsenableimprovementsinOperational Efficiency
Metersbeingreadautomatically (numberofsmartmeters) Feederswithremoteorautomated switching (numberoffeeders) Devices withconditionmonitoring (number) AverageService RestorationTime (minutes) T&D Losses(MWh) Electricitytheftsavings(MWh) 2,500,000 247 200,000,000 74 7.3 10,000,000
SmartGridprogramsaresupportingsignificant reductionsinoperatingcostsandresponsetime KeyOperationalImprovements

100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% T&DO&M Restoration T&DLosses Electricity Cost Time Theft Baseline After Smart Grid Programs AfterSmartGridPrograms
AMIanddistributionautomationarethemajor contributorstooperationalefficiency
AverageContributiontoImprovement
AMI DistributionAutomation EquipmentMonitoringand Diagnostics Other 0% 10% 20% 30%
Operationalefficiencygainshaveproduced$7.3 billionworthofvalueeachyear
$7.3billionperyear
T&DO&MCost Savings ShorterPower Outages T&DLosses ElectricityTheft Savings
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GridReliabilityandResilience
Powerinterruptionshaveasignificant Power interruptions have a significant economicimpactonelectricitycustomers, resultinginbillionsofdollarsinlost productivityeachyear.Improvingthe reliabilityandresilienceofelectric transmissionanddistributionsystemswill reducethefrequencyanddurationofpower interruptionsexperiencedbycustomers. i t ti i db t Thisreliabilityimprovementwilltranslate toeconomicvalueascustomersfromthe residential,commercialandindustrial classesfacefewerandshorterdisruptionsto theirlivesandbusinesses.Theeconomic valuepreservedisdeterminedbasedonthe studiesthathaveestimatedthevalueoflost productionduetotheimpactandduration ofpowerinterruptionsonspecificcustomer classes.
Keyassets supportGridReliability andResilience

Customerendpointsmonitored (numberofsmartmeters) Feederswithremoteorautomated switching (numberoffeeders) Load servedwithinmicrogrids(MW) Phasor monitoringpointsontransmission (numberofPMUs) Systemelementswithdynamiccapability ratings(number) 2,500,000
123 245 82
5,000
SmartGridprojectshaveshownreliability improvementsofabout20% ImprovementsinReliabilityMetrics

100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% SAIFI Baseline SAIDI MAIFI
After Smart Grid Programs AfterSmartGridPrograms
Distributionautomationandmicrogridsmakethe greatestcontributiontoimprovedreliability
AverageContributiontoImprovement
AMI DistributionAutomation EquipmentLoad Microgrids PhasorMeasurementUnits 0% 20% 40% 60%
Reliabilityimprovementshaveprevented $13billioninlosteconomicvalueeachyear
$13billionperyear
Residential Commercial Industrial
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DistributedEnergyResourcesandRenewableEnergy
Themonitoring,coordinationandcontrol The monitoring coordination and control capabilitiessupportedbysmartgrid technologieswillenablepowergridsto accommodateanincreasednumberand varietyofgeneration(includingdistributed renewableenergyandcombinedheatand power,andcentralandremoterenewable energysystems)andstorageoptions. t ) d t ti Integratingtheseresourcesefficientlyand reliablyprovidesvariousbenefitssuchas lowerpeakpowerdemand,flatterload curves,andlowerelectricitylosses allof whichcontributestolowercostsforutilities andtheircustomers. Thecontributionofrenewableenergyto meetingouroverallelectricityneedsis expectedtogrowrapidlyoverthecoming years.Distributedfossilgenerationand energystoragewillcontribute proportionallymoretoreducingpeak capacityfromcentralsourcesthanwill capacity from central sources than will renewableenergy.Smartgridsystemswill allowthefullbenefitsofthiswidevarietyof generationoptionstobecaptured.
Thenumberofdistributedand renewableenergy resourcesisgrowing

DGsystemsinstalled (number) RenewableEnergySystemsInstalled (number) DER Interconnections(number) Plug inElectricVehicleInterconnections (number) XXX,XXX
XXX,XXX
X,XXX,XXX
XX,XXX
Theinstalledcapacityofdistributedgeneration andrenewableenergyhasincreasedby270% InstalledCapacity(GW)

15 10 5 0 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
FossilDG Central Renewables CentralRenewables
DistributedRenewables Energy Storage EnergyStorage
Distributedandrenewableenergyisoffsetting peakcapacitybyabout6%
PercentPeakCapacityReduction
EnergyStorage DistributedGeneration (Renewable)
Distributedandrenewableenergyhasproduced 100GWhofelectricitythisyear
100GWhofelectricity
8%DistributedandRenewableEnergy % i ib d d bl
FossilDG DistributedGeneration (fossil) 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% DistributedRenewables LargeRenewables ElectricityStorage
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CarbonDioxideEmissions
Thesmartgridwillplayakeyrolein The smart grid will play a key role in facilitatingthereductionofcarbondioxide (CO2)emissions.Thiswillbeaccomplished byenablinghigherpenetrationsof renewableenergy,reducingutilityvehicle emissionsthroughautomation,improving theabilityofutilitiestomanagedemand therebyreducingpowerplantoperations, th b d i l t ti andbyincreasingtheenergyefficiencyof thetransmissionanddistributionsystem. Bysupportingtheadoptionofplugin electricvehicles,thesmartgridwillalso contributetoreductionsinfossilbased transportationfuels. Gridrelatedtechnologiessuchasadvanced meteringinfrastructureanddistribution automation,combinedwithcustomer relatedtechnologiessuchasenergy informationsystemsandsmartappliances, p g willhelpdeliversignificantreductionsin CO2.
KeyMetricsthatcontributedtolowerCO2 Emissions
ReducedFossilGeneration(MWh) X,XXX,XXX
ReducedLineLosses(MWh)
X,XXX,XXX
ReducedVehicleMilesTraveled (miles) Plug inElectricVehicle(PEV)Interconnections (number)
X,XXX,XXX XX,XXX
SmartGridprojectsaredemonstratingprogress towardreducingCO2 emissions ReductionsfromKeyCO2 Emitters

100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Fossil Generation Baseline LineLosses VehicleMiles
After Smart Grid Programs AfterSmartGridPrograms
DistributionautomationandAMIarekey resourcesforenablingCO2 reductions
Over2milliontonsofCO2 weresavedasaresult ofDOEsSmartGridprogramsthisyear
2milliontonsthisyear
Distribution Di t ib ti Automation AMI DirectLoad Control EnergyEfficiency ReducedFossil Generation ReducedLine Losses Reducedvehicle miles
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AppendixA:DataCollectionand ReportingTemplates
BuildMetricsandImpactMetricswillbereportedforallprojects.However,ProjectTeamswill beexpectedtoreportonlythosemetricsthatarerelevantfortheirproject.DOEwillworkwith eachprojecttodevelopcustomizedreportingrequirements.Standardinformationreporting templatesareprovidedforthreetypesofprojects: AdvancedMeteringInfrastructureandCustomerSystems(TablesA1.1toA1.4) ElectricDistributionSystems(TablesA2.1toA2.3) ElectricTransmissionSystems(TablesA3.1toA3.2) Projectswillselecttherelevantmetricsfromthesetemplatesforreporting.DOEwillprovide supporttoprojectstodevelopappropriatecustomizedreportingplans.Integratedand Crosscuttingprojectswillreportinformationusingoneormoreofthesetemplatesdepending onthenatureoftheproject.Customizedinformationreportingrequirementswillbedeveloped forEquipmentManufacturingprojects. Inaddition,standardizedtemplateswillbedevelopedforSGDprogramprojects(i.e.,Regional Demonstrations,andEnergyStorageDemonstrations)oncetheseprojectshavebeenselected.
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A1
TableA1.AdvancedMeteringInfrastructureandCustomerSystems BuildMetrics
A1.1.BUILDMETRICS:AMIandCustomerSystemsAssets Metric Value Remarks EndPoints(meters)Total # Totalmetersinplannedimplementation EndPoints(meters)Project # MetersdeployedaspartofSGIGproject PortionofCustomerswithAMI Residential % CustomerswithAMIbyclass Commercial % Industrial % MeteringFeatures Intervalreadsof1hourorless Interval Indicatethereadintervalofmeters RemoteConnection/Disconnection Yes/No OutageDetection/Reporting Yes/No Indicateifmeterswillbeusedforthispurpose Powerqualitymonitoring Yes/No Tamperdetection Yes/No BackhaulCommunicationsNetwork Description Networkcharacteristicsfromcollectorstoheadend MeterCommunicationsNetwork Description Networkcharacteristicsfromcollectorstometers HomeAreaNetwork Description Networkcharacteristicswithincustomerpremise Headendsystem Description Characteristicsofsystem MeterDataManagementSystem Description Characteristicsofsystem Meterdataanalysissystems Description Softwareforanalyzingandmanipulatingmeterdata Enterprisesystemsintegration Billing Yes/No Customerinformationsystem Yes/No IndicateifAMIwillbeintegratedwithsystem Outagemanagementsystem Yes/No Distributionmanagementsystem Yes/No Others Yes/No # Numberofcustomerswithadedicatedenergy Inhomedisplays display Webportal # Numberofcustomerswithaccesstoawebportal # Numberofcustomerswithanenergymanagement Energymanagementdevices/systems deviceorsystem # Numberofdevicesthatcanbecycledorcontrolled DirectLoadControldevices byautilityorthirdparty ProgrammableControllable # Numberofcustomerswithadevice Thermostat # Numberofappliancesthatcanbeprogrammedor Smartappliances canrespondtopricingsignalsorschedules Othercustomerdevices #/Description Numbersofothercustomerdevicesorsystems
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A1.2.BUILDMETRICS:AMIandCustomerPrograms Policy/Program Value Remarks RetailRateDesignandRateLevel Flat Yes/No FlatwithCriticalPeakPricing Yes/No FlatwithPeakTimeRebate Yes/No Tier Yes/No TierwithCriticalPeakPricing Yes/No TierwithPeakTimeRebate Yes/No Timeofuse Yes/No VariablePeakPricing Yes/No TimeofusewithCriticalPeak Yes/No Includeprogramcharacteristics,customerswith Pricing access,andparticipationrates TimeofusewithPeakTimeRebate Yes/No RealTimePricing Yes/No RealTimePricingwithCriticalPeak Yes/No Pricing RealTimePricingwithPeakTime Yes/No Rebate PrePayPricing Yes/No NetMetering Yes/No RateDecoupling Yes/No Otherprograms Yes/No
Metric DistributedGeneration A1.3.BUILDMETRICS:DistributedEnergyResources Value Remarks # Numberofunits,totalinstalledcapacityandtotal MW energydelivered MWh # Numberofunits,totalinstalledcapacityandtotal MW energydelivered MWh Description CharacteristicsofDGinterfaceorinterconnection, includinginformationandcontrolcapabilityforutility CharacteristicsofDERs
EnergyStorage DGInterface Others
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ImpactMetrics
A1.4.AdvancedMeteringInfrastructure andCustomerSystems Metric Value Remarks MetricsRelatedPrimarilytoEconomicBenefits kWh Hourlyelectricityconsumptioninformation(kWh)and HourlyCustomerElectricityUsage $/kWh applicableretailtariffrate.Thenatureofthisdatawill benegotiatedwithDOE. kWh Monthlyelectricityconsumptioninformation(kWh) MonthlyCustomerElectricityUsage $/kWh andapplicableretailtariffrate.Thenatureofthisdata willbenegotiatedwithDOE. MW PeakGenerationandMix Specifyintermittentgenerationbytypeandamount Mix MW PeakLoadandMix Specifycontrollableloadbytype Mix AnnualGenerationCost $ Totalcostofgenerationtoserveload HourlyGenerationCost $/MWh Aggregateormarketpriceofenergyineachhour AnnualElectricityProduction MWh Totalelectricityproducedbycentralgeneration AncillaryServicesCost $ Totalcostofancillaryservices $ Includesoperations,maintenance,readinganddata MeterOperationsCost management # Couldincludetripsformeterreading, TruckRollsAvoided connection/disconnection,inspectionand maintenance MeterOperationsVehicleMiles Miles Totalmilesaccumulatedrelatedtometeroperations MetricsRelatedPrimarilytoAMISystemPerformance % Portionofmetersthatareonlineandsuccessfully MeterDataCompleteness reportingin % Portionofdailymeterreadsreceivedby2AMthe MetersReportingDailyby2AM followingday
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TableA2.ElectricDistributionSystems BuildMetrics
A2.1.BUILDMETRICS:ElectricDistributionSystems Assets Metric Value Remarks % Includingdistributionsubstationandfeeder PortionofsystemwithSCADA monitoring/control PortionofsystemwithDistribution % Includingfeeders,substations,andkeyequipment Automation(DA) DADevices AutomatedFeederSwitches # Locallyorcentrallycoordinated/operated AutomatedCapacitors # AutomatedRegulators # Feedermonitors # Includingvoltageandcurrentsensors RemoteFaultIndicators # Detectionandreportingoffaultlocation Transformermonitors(line) # Loadingand/orequipmenthealth Smartrelays # Settingscanbecoordinatedwithotherdevices Description Characteristicsofsystem,includingintegrationor DAcommunicationsnetwork dependencieswithothernetworks(e.g.,AMI) OtherDAdevices # CharacteristicsofDAdevices DASystemFeatures/Applications FaultLocation,IsolationandService Yes/No Restoration(FLISR) VoltageOptimization Yes/No IndicateifDAwillbeusedforthesepurposes FeederPeakLoadManagement Yes/No Microgrids Yes/No OtherApplications Yes/No DistributionManagementSystem Yes/No Includingloading,voltageandpowerqualitysensing IntegrationwithAMI andreportingfrommeters IntegrationwithOutage Yes/No IncludesoutagedetectionandreportingfromOMS ManagementSystem Integrationwithtransmission Yes/No Interfacewithhighvoltageenergymanagement managementsystem system Integrationwithdistributedenergy Yes/No Interfacewithcustomerenergymanagementsystems resources andDERs FaultCurrentLimiter # OtherDistributiondevices # CharacteristicsofDistributiondevices
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A2.2.BUILDMETRICS:ElectricDistributionSystemsDistributedEnergyResources Metric Value Remarks # Numberofunits,totalinstalledcapacityandtotal DistributedGeneration MW energydelivered MWh # Numberofunits,totalinstalledcapacityandtotal EnergyStorage MW energydelivered MW Description CharacteristicsofDGinterfaceorinterconnection, DGInterface includinginformationandcontrolcapabilityforutility PluginElectricVehicleCharging # Numberofchargingpoints,capacity,andtotalenergy Points transacted
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ImpactMetrics
A2.3.IMPACTMETRICS:ElectricDistributionSystems Metric Value Remarks MetricsRelatedPrimarilytoEconomicBenefits Distributionfeederorequipment Thetotaltimeduringthereportingperiodthatfeeder # overloadincidents orequipmentloadsexceededdesignratings Realandreactivepowerreadingsforthosefeeders MW Distributionfeederload involvedintheproject.Informationshouldbebased MVAR onhourlyloads. DeferredDistributionCapacity Thevalueofthecapitalproject(s)deferred,andthe $ Investments timeofthedeferral Incidentsofequipmentfailurewithintheproject Equipmentfailureincidents # scope,includingreasonforfailure DistributionEquipmentMaintenance Activitybasedcostfordistributionequipment $ Cost maintenanceduringthereportingperiod Activitybasedcostfordistributionoperationsduring DistributionOperationsCost $ thereportingperiod DistributionFeederSwitching Activitybasedcostforfeederswitchingoperations # Operations duringthereportingperiod DistributionCapacitorSwitching Activitybasedcostforcapacitorswitchingoperation # Operations duringthereportingperiod $ Totalcostfordistributionrestorationduringthe DistributionRestorationCost reportingperiod Lossesfortheportionofthedistributionsystem Distributionlosses(%) % involvedintheproject.Modeledorcalculated. Powerfactorfortheportionofthedistributionsystem Distributionpowerfactor pf involvedintheproject.Modeledorcalculated. MetricsRelatedPrimarilytoReliabilityBenefits SAIFI Index AsdefinedinIEEEStd13662003,anddonotinclude SAIDI/CAIDI Index majoreventdays.Onlyeventsinvolvinginfrastructure thatispartoftheprojectshouldbeincluded. MAIFI Index Outageresponsetime Minutes Timebetweenoutageoccurrenceandactioninitiated Informationshouldincluding,butnotlimitedto projectinfrastructureinvolved(transmissionlines, Event MajorEventInformation substationsandfeeders),causeoftheevent,number Statistics ofcustomersaffected,totaltimeforrestoration,and restorationcosts. Numberofhighimpedancefaults # Faultsclearedthatcouldbedesignatedashigh cleared impedanceorslowclearing MetricsRelatedPrimarilytoEnvironmentalBenefits # Estimateofthenumberoftimesacrewwouldhave TruckRollsAvoided beendispatchedtoperformadistributionoperations ormaintenancefunction Miles Totalmileagefordistributionoperationsand DistributionOperationsVehicleMiles maintenanceduringthereportingperiod CO2Emissions tons Couldbemodeledorestimated PollutantEmissions(SOx,NOx,PM tons Couldbemodeledorestimated 10)
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TableA3.ElectricTransmissionSystems BuildMetrics
A3.1.BUILDMETRICS:ElectricTransmissionSystems Metric Value Remarks Portionoftransmissionsystem % Includinglines,transmissionsubstations,andkey coveredbyPhasorMeasurement equipment systems PhasorMeasurementSystems # and Makeandmodel,securitymeasures,consistencywith Description NASPIandsynchrophasorstandards,substationname, PMUs location,nominalvoltagelevel,settings,CEII designation,PT/VTandCTtransducermakeand model #and Makeandmodel,securitymeasures,consistency PhasorDataConcentrators Description NASPIandsynchrophasorstandards,numberofPMUs networked CommunicationsNetwork Description Typeandcharacteristics ApplicationsutilizingphasordataorotherSmartGrid AdvancedTransmissionApplications informationfortransmissionoperationsandplanning Angle/FrequencyMonitoring Yes/No PostmortemAnalysis(including Yes/No compliancemonitoring) VoltageStabilityMonitoring Yes/No IndicateifPhasorMeasurementSystemswillbeused ThermalOverloadMonitoring Yes/No forthesepurposes ImprovedStateEstimation Yes/No SteadyStateModelBenchmarking Yes/No DG/IPPApplications Yes/No PowerSystemRestoration Yes/No DynamicCapabilityRatingSystems Systemsdesignedtodeterminerealtimeratings Basedonlineloading,temperature,sagorother Transmissionlines # operatingparameters Basedonequipmentloading,temperature,oil StationTransformers # condition,orotheroperatingparameters Otherequipmentthatcouldbenefitfromarealtime OtherTransmissionequipment # rating OtherTransmissiondevices # Characteristicsoftransmissiondevices
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ImpactMetrics
A3.2.IMPACTMETRICS:ElectricTransmissionSystems Metric Value Remarks MetricsRelatedPrimarilytoEconomicBenefits MW PeakGenerationandMix Specifyintermittentgenerationbytypeandamount Mix MW PeakLoadandMix Specifycontrollableloadbytype Mix AnnualGenerationCost $ Totalcostofgenerationtoserveload HourlyGenerationCost $/MWh Aggregateormarketpriceofenergyineachhour AnnualGenerationDispatch MWh Totalelectricityproducedbycentralgeneration AncillaryServicesCost $ Totalcostofancillaryservices Totaltransmissioncongestionduringthereporting Congestion(MW) MW period Totaltransmissioncongestioncostduringthe CongestionCost $ reportingperiod Transmissionlineorequipment Thetotaltimeduringthereportingperiodthatline # overloadincidents loadsexceededdesignratings Realandreactivepowerreadingsforthoselines MW Transmissionlineload involvedintheproject.Informationshouldbebased MVAR onhourlyloads. DeferredTransmissionCapacity Thevalueofthecapitalproject(s)deferred,andthe $ Investments timeofthedeferral. Incidentsofequipmentfailurewithintheproject Equipmentfailureincidents # scope,includingreasonforfailure TransmissionEquipment Activitybasedcostfortransmissionequipment $ MaintenanceCost maintenanceduringthereportingperiod Activitybasedcostfortransmissionoperationsduring TransmissionOperationsCost $ thereportingperiod Totalcostfortransmissionrestorationduringthe TransmissionRestorationCost $ reportingperiod Lossesfortheportionofthetransmissionsystem Transmissionlosses % involvedintheproject.Couldbemodeledor calculated. Powerfactorfortheportionofthetransmission Transmissionpowerfactor pf systeminvolvedintheproject.Couldbemodeledor calculated. MetricsRelatedPrimarilytoReliabilityBenefits SAIFI Index Indexcalculatedfortheportionofthetransmission SAIDI/CAIDI Index systeminvolvedintheproject. MAIFI Index MetricsRelatedPrimarilytoEnvironmentalBenefits Estimateofthenumberoftimesacrewwouldhave TruckRollsAvoided # beendispatchedtoperformatransmissionoperations ormaintenancefunction TransmissionOperationsVehicle Totalmileagefortransmissionoperationsand Miles Miles maintenanceduringthereportingperiod CO2Emissions Tons Couldbemodeledorestimated PollutantEmissions(SOx,NOx,PM Tons Couldbemodeledorestimated 10)
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A3.2.IMPACTMETRICS:ElectricTransmissionSystems Metric Value Remarks MetricsRelatedPrimarilytoEnergySecurityBenefits EventCaptureandTracking Cause Causescouldincludelinetrips,generatortrips,or Typeandsize Loadlost otherdisturbances Duration Minutes PMUdynamicdata PMUData FromrelatedPMUs Detection Application Applicationthatdetectedtheevent EventsPrevented # Includereasonforprevention MetricsRelatedPrimarilytoPMU/PDCSystemPerformance % PortionofPMUsthatareoperationalandsuccessfully PMUDataCompleteness providingdata NetworkCompleteness % PortionofPMUsnetworkedintoregionalPDCs Reliability PMU/PDCPerformance Quality CommunicationsPerformance Availability Usefulnessofapplications,includingreliability ApplicationPerformance Description improvements,marketsandcongestionmanagement, operationalefficiency
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AppendixB:GroupNamesfor DepartmentofLaborJobCategories
SGPGroup Managers

DepartmentofLaborOccupationCategory
111011 111021 112020 113011 113021 113031 113051 113061 113071 119021 119041 131081 131111 131199 132011 151011 151021 151030 151031 151032 151041 151051 151061 151071 151081 151099 152031 152041 152090 172051 172061 172070 172071 172072 172081 172112 172141 172199 173022 173023 173024 173025 173026 173027 173029 173031 Chiefexecutives Generalandoperationsmanagers Marketingandsalesmanagers Administrativeservicesmanagers Computerandinformationsystemsmanagers Financialmanagers Industrialproductionmanagers Purchasingmanagers Transportation,storage,anddistributionmanagers Constructionmanagers Engineeringmanagers Logisticians Managementanalysts Businessoperationspecialists,allother Accountantsandauditors Computerandinformationscientists,research Computerprogrammers Computersoftwareengineers Computersoftwareengineers,applications Computersoftwareengineers,systemssoftware Computersupportspecialists Computersystemsanalysts Databaseadministrators Networkandcomputersystemsadministrators Networksystemsanddatacommunicationsanalysts Computerspecialists,allother Operationsresearchanalysts Statisticians Miscellaneousmathematicalscienceoccupations Civilengineers Computerhardwareengineers Electricalandelectronicsengineers Electricalengineers Electronicsengineers,exceptcomputer Environmentalengineers Industrialengineers Mechanicalengineers Engineers,allother Civilengineeringtechnicians Electricalandelectronicengineeringtechnicians Electromechanicaltechnicians Environmentalengineeringtechnicians Industrialengineeringtechnicians Mechanicalengineeringtechnicians Engineeringtechnicians,exceptdrafters, allother Surveyingandmappingtechnicians
Analysts

ComputerRelatedOccupations
Engineers

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SGPGroup DepartmentofLaborOccupationCategory EnvironmentalandSocialScientists

192040 193011 193020 194061 194090 231011 271024 273031 273040 331000 414011 414012 431000 432000 433000 434000 435000 435041 435061 435071 435081 436011 439011 439020 439061 439071 439081 439111 439199 471011 472061 472070 472111 472150 473010 474011 492092 492094 492095 499040 499051 499052 499069 499099 512020 512022 512023 Environmentalscientistsandgeoscientists Economists Marketandsurveyresearchers Socialscienceresearchassistants Otherlife,physical,andsocialsciencetechnicians Lawyers Graphicdesigners Publicrelationsspecialists Writersandeditors Firstlinesupervisors/managers,protectiveserviceworkers Salesrepresentatives,wholesaleandmanufacturing,technicalandscientificproducts Salesrepresentatives,wholesale&manufacturing,excepttechnical&scientificproducts Supervisors,officeandadministrativesupportworkers Communicationsequipmentoperators Financialclerks Informationandrecordclerks Materialrecording,scheduling,dispatching,anddistributingoccupations Meterreaders,utilities Production,planning,andexpeditingclerks Shipping,receiving,andtrafficclerks Stockclerksandorderfillers Executivesecretariesandadministrativeassistants Computeroperators Dataentryandinformationprocessingworkers Officeclerks,general Officemachineoperators,exceptcomputer Proofreadersandcopymarkers Statisticalassistants Officeandadministrativesupportworkers,allother Firstlinesupervisors/managersofconstructiontradesandextractionworkers Constructionlaborers Constructionequipmentoperators Electricians Pipelayers,plumbers,pipefitters,andsteamfitters Helpers,constructiontrades Constructionandbuildinginspectors Electricmotor,powertool,andrelatedrepairers Electricalandelectronicsrepairers,commercialandindustrialequipment Electricalandelectronicsrepairers,powerhouse,substation,andrelay Industrialmachineryinstallation,repair,andmaintenanceworkers Electricalpowerlineinstallersandrepairers Telecommunicationslineinstallersandrepairers Precisioninstrumentandequipmentrepairers,allother Installation,maintenance,andrepairworkers,allother Electrical,electronics,andelectromechanicalassemblers Electricalandelectronicequipmentassemblers Electromechanicalequipmentassemblers
BusinessOccupations
Recording,Scheduling,ComputerOperatorOccupations
Construction,Electrical,andOtherTrades
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AppendixC:MethodologyforAnalyzing SmartGridFunctionsandBenefits
Whileeveryprojectmayhaveadifferentwayofapproachingthesmartgrid,andmayarticulate functionalitythatprojectsprovideusingdifferentterms,DOEwillapplyacommon terminologytocompareandreporttheeffortsoftheprojects.Forinstance,twoprojectsmight shareacommonideaofdeployingsmartmeteringandcommunicationsalongwithadynamic electricitypricingprogram.TeamAmightcallthisarealtimeloadmanagementprogram, andthattermwillhavearichmeaningforthatteam.TeamBmightsaythisispartofour automateddemandresponseprogram.Onthesurface,thetwoteamsmightappeartobe talkingabouttwodifferentthings.However,uponcloserinspection,bothprojectsinvolvethe samekindsofassets(e.g.,smartmeters,communications,portal)andaprogramwheretheyare sendingpricingsignalsorcommandstocustomers.InDOEsterms,bothprojectswould involveRealTimeLoadMeasurement&Managementasafunction.Bothoftheprojects wouldalsoinvolveapolicy/programthatDOEwouldcallDemandResponse. DOEwillworkwithProjectTeamstodeterminewhichstandardfunctionstheysupport.Thisis intendedtobeacollaborativeprocess,andeventhoughDOEhastriedtobecomprehensive, theremaybesomeideasproposedbytheProjectTeamsthatgobeyondwhatDOEhad envisioned.Insuchacase,DOEwilldevelopanewfunctiontodescribethecapability. However,DOErecognizesthateventhougheachprojectwillhaveuniqueaspects,mostofthe timedifferentutilitiesarereallypursuingsimilarideasbutusingdifferentwords.Therefore, DOEwillworktofindthecommonareassothatkeyimpactsandeffectscanbeclearly articulatedacrossthesmartgridprogram. AsdescribedinSection3,electricityinfrastructureassetscanbeimplementedtomodernizethe deliveryanduseofelectricitythroughthirteenfunctionsdefinedinTableC1: FaultCurrentLimiting WideAreaMonitoringandVisualizationandControl DynamicCapabilityRating PowerFlowControl AdaptiveProtection AutomatedFeederSwitching AutomatedIslandingandReconnection AutomatedVoltageandVARControl DiagnosisandNotificationofEquipmentCondition EnhancedFaultProtection RealtimeLoadMeasurementandManagement RealtimeLoadTransfer CustomerElectricityUseOptimization
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Todeterminetheimpactofthesmartgrid,DOEidentifiedbenefitsassociatedwitheachofthe functions.Theenergyresourcesthatareenabledbysmartgridfunctionscanalsoprovide benefits.DOEidentifiedalistofpotentialbenefitsthatarecategorizedasEconomic,Reliability, EnvironmentalorSecurity.(SeeTableC2.)Todeterminethevalueofthesebenefits,theyare firstquantifiedintermsoftheirphysicalunits(e.g.,MWh)andthenmonetized.TableC3 presentsthelinkagebetweenassetsandfunctions.TableC4showstherelationshipbetween thefunctionsandthebenefitsrealized.Allbenefitswillrequireanapproachforcalculatingthe baselinevaluetobeusedforcomparisonandProjectTeamswillberequiredtoreportthis baselinedata. Quantifyingthebenefitsreferstomeasuringtheeffectsoroutcomesthattheprojectwillshow. Forexample,aprojectmaytrytominimizepeakdemandonafeeder.TheProjectTeamscould reportthedemandmeasuredonthefeederbeforetheprojectwasimplementedandthe demandmeasuredonthefeederaftertheprojectwasinoperation.Inmostcases,theProject Teamswillberequiredtocollectandassimilaterawdataandthenreporttheoutcome,as projectbenefitstoDOE.However,inafewpredeterminedcases,theProjectTeamwillbe requiredtoreportrawdataandDOEwillprocessittodeterminewhattheoutcomewas.DOE willuseastandardizedapproachtomonetizethevalue,forthosebenefitsthatarenotinthe economiccategory.Inthisexample,thevalueofpeakloadreductionisbasedontheamountof moneysavedbyeliminatingtheneedtobuildanewpeakerplant. Thecompletemethodologyusedtodeterminethebenefitsasaresultofsmartgridsystemsis presentedinareportentitled,MethodologicalApproachforEstimatingtheBenefitsandCosts ofSmartGridDemonstrationProjects.ThisreportwillbeprovidedtoallProjectTeamsand willbepublicallyavailable.
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TableC1.DefinitionsofFunctions Function
FaultCurrent Limiting
Definition
Faultcurrentlimitingcanbeachievedthroughsensors,communications,informationprocessing,and actuatorsthatallowtheutilitytouseahigherdegreeofnetworkcoordinationtoreconfigurethesystemto preventfaultcurrentsfromexceedingdamaginglevels.
WideArea Wideareamonitoringandvisualizationrequirestimesynchronizedsensors,communications,and Monitoring, informationprocessingthatmakeitpossiblefortheconditionofthebulkpowersystemtobeobserved Visualization,& andunderstoodinrealtimesothatactioncanbetaken. Control Dynamic Dynamiccapabilityratingcanbeachievedthroughrealtimedeterminationofanelements(e.g.,line, Capability transformeretc.)abilitytocarryloadbasedonelectricalandenvironmentalconditions. Rating Flowcontrolrequirestechniquesthatareappliedattransmissionanddistributionlevelstoinfluencethe PowerFlow paththatpower(real&reactive)travels.ThisusessuchtoolsasflexibleACtransmissionsystems(FACTS), Control phaseangleregulatingtransformers(PARs),seriescapacitors,andverylowimpedancesuperconductors. Adaptiveprotectionusesadjustableprotectiverelaysettings(e.g.,current,voltage,feeders,and Adaptive equipment)inrealtimebasedonsignalsfromlocalsensorsoracentralcontrolsystem.Thisisparticularly Protection usefulforfeedertransfersandtwowaypowerflowissuesassociatedwithhighDERpenetration. Automatedfeederswitchingisrealizedthroughautomaticisolationandreconfigurationoffaulted Automated segmentsofdistributionfeedersviasensors,controls,switches,andcommunicationssystems.These Feeder devicescanoperateautonomouslyinresponsetolocaleventsorinresponsetosignalsfromacentral Switching controlsystem. Automatedislandingandreconnectionisachievedbyautomatedseparationandsubsequentreconnection Automated (autonomoussynchronization)ofanindependentlyoperatedportionoftheT&Dsystem(i.e.,microgrid) Islandingand fromtheinterconnectedelectricgrid.Amicrogridisanintegratedenergysystemconsistingof Reconnection interconnectedloadsanddistributedenergyresourceswhich,asanintegratedsystem,canoperatein parallelwiththegridorasanisland. AutomatedvoltageandVARcontrolrequirescoordinatedoperationofreactivepowerresourcessuchas Automated capacitorbanks,voltageregulators,transformerloadtapchangers,anddistributedgeneration(DG)with Voltage&VAR sensors,controls,andcommunicationssystems.Thesedevicescouldoperateautonomouslyinresponseto Control localeventsorinresponsetosignalsfromacentralcontrolsystem. Diagnosis& Diagnosisandnotificationofequipmentconditionisdefinedasonlinemonitoringandanalysisof Notificationof equipment,itsperformanceandoperatingenvironmenttodetectabnormalconditions(e.g.,highnumber Equipment ofequipmentoperations,temperature,orvibration).Automaticallynotifiesassetmanagersand Condition operationstorespondtoconditionsthatincreasetheprobabilityofequipmentfailure. Enhancedfaultprotectionrequireshigherprecisionandgreaterdiscriminationoffaultlocationandtype withcoordinatedmeasurementamongmultipledevices.Fordistributionapplications,thesesystemswill detectandisolatefaultswithoutfullpowerreclosing,reducingthefrequencyofthroughfaultcurrents. EnhancedFault Usinghighresolutionsensorsandfaultsignatures,thesesystemscanbetterdetecthighimpedancefaults. Protection Fortransmissionapplications,thesesystemswillemployhighspeedcommunicationsbetweenmultiple elements(e.g.,stations)toprotectentireregions,ratherthanjustsingleelements.Theywillalsousethe latestdigitaltechniquestoadvancebeyondconventionalimpedancerelayingoftransmissionlines. Thisfunctionprovidesrealtimemeasurementofcustomerconsumptionandmanagementofloadthrough RealtimeLoad AdvancedMeteringInfrastructure(AMI)systems(smartmeters,twowaycommunications)andembedded Measurement appliancecontrollersthathelpcustomersmakeinformedenergyusedecisionsviarealtimepricesignals, &Management timeofuse(TOU)rates,andserviceoptions. Realtimeloadtransferisachievedthroughrealtimefeederreconfigurationandoptimizationtorelieve RealtimeLoad loadonequipment,improveassetutilization,improvedistributionsystemefficiency,andenhancesystem Transfer performance. Customerelectricityuseoptimizationispossibleifcustomersareprovidedwithinformationtomake Customer ElectricityUse educateddecisionsabouttheirelectricityuse.Customersshouldbeabletooptimizetowardmultiplegoals Optimization suchascost,reliability,convenience,andenvironmentalimpact.
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TableC2.SmartGridBenefits Benefit Category Benefit Subcategory ImprovedAsset Utilization Benefit OptimizedGeneratorOperation (utility/ratepayer) DeferredGenerationCapacityInvestments(utility/ratepayer) ReducedAncillaryServiceCost(utility/ratepayer) ReducedCongestionCost(utility/ratepayer) DeferredTransmissionCapacityInvestments(utility/ratepayer) DeferredDistributionCapacityInvestments(utility/ratepayer) ReducedEquipmentFailures(utility/ratepayer) ReducedDistributionEquipmentMaintenanceCost(utility/ratepayer) ReducedDistributionOperationsCost(utility/ratepayer) ReducedMeterReadingCost(utility/ratepayer) ReducedElectricityTheft(utility/ratepayer) ReducedElectricityLosses (utility/ratepayer) ReducedElectricityCost (consumer) ReducedSustainedOutages (consumer) ReducedMajorOutages(consumer) ReducedRestorationCost(utility/ratepayer) ReducedMomentaryOutages (consumer) ReducedSagsandSwells(consumer) ReducedcarbondioxideEmissions (society) ReducedSOX,NOX,andPM10Emissions(society) ReducedOilUsage (society) ReducedWidescaleBlackouts(society)
T&DCapitalSavings Economic T&DO&MSavings TheftReduction EnergyEfficiency ElectricityCostSavings PowerInterruptions Reliability PowerQuality Environmental AirEmissions Security EnergySecurity
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TableC3.SmartGridAssetsthatProvideFunctions
Functions
AutomatedFeederSwitching AutomatedVoltageandVAR Control Diagnosis&Notificationof EquipmentCondition WideAreaMonitoring, Visualization,andControl DynamicCapabilityRating AutomatedIslandingand Reconnection RealTimeLoadMeasurement &Management EnhancedFaultProtection CustomerElectricityUse Optimization

FaultCurrentLimiting
SmartGridAssets
AdvancedInterruptingSwitch AMI/SmartMeters Controllable/regulatingInverter CustomerEMS/Display/Portal DistributionAutomation DistributionManagementSystem EnhancedFaultDetectionTechnology EquipmentHealthSensor FACTSDevice FaultCurrentLimiter LoadingMonitor MicrogridController PhaseAngleRegulatingTransformer PhasorMeasurementTechnology SmartAppliancesandEquipment(Customer) SoftwareAdvancedAnalysis/Visualization TwowayCommunications(highbandwidth) VehicletoGridChargingStation VLI(HTS)cables

AdaptiveProtection
PowerFlowControl
RealtimeLoadTransfer
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TableC4.SmartGridBenefitsRealizedbyFunctionsandEnabledEnergyResources
Functions
AutomatedFeederSwitching AutomatedIslandingand Reconnection AutomatedVoltageandVAR Control Diagnosis&Notificationof EquipmentCondition RealTimeLoadMeasurement &Management DynamicCapabilityRating WideAreaMonitoring, Visualization,andControl EnhancedFaultProtection CustomerElectricityUse Optimization
Energy Resources
StationaryElectricityStorage

RealtimeLoadTransfer
Economic
Reliability
OptimizedGeneratorOperation ImprovedAsset DeferredGenerationCapacityInvestments Utilization ReducedAncillaryServiceCost ReducedCongestionCost DeferredTransmissionCapacityInvestments T&DCapital DeferredDistributionCapacityInvestments Savings ReducedEquipmentFailures ReducedDistributionEquipmentMaintenanceCost T&DO&M ReducedDistributionOperationsCost Savings ReducedMeterReadingCost TheftReduction ReducedElectricityTheft Energy ReducedElectricityLosses ElectrictyCost ReducedElectricityCost Savings ReducedSustainedOutages Power ReducedMajorOutages Interruptions ReducedRestorationCost ReducedMomentaryOutages PowerQuality ReducedSagsandSwells ReducedCO2Emissions ReducedSOx,NOx,andPM10Emissions ReducedOilUsage(notmonetized) ReducedWidescaleBlackouts
AdaptiveProtection
PowerFlowControl
Benefits
FaultCurrentLimiting
DistributedGeneration
Environmental AirEmissions Security EnergySecurity
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PluginElectricVehicles

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AppendixD:ConsumerBehaviorStudy Approach(involvingDynamicPricing withRandomization)

ThisappendixprovidesadditionalinformationconcerningthemetricsDOEexpectstocollect specificallyfromdynamicpricingprojectsthatmayincludetechnology,education/information deliveryandcontent,andotheraspectsenabledbytheimplementationofthesmartgrid,in ordertoensurethestudydesignappropriatelyincludesdatacollectioneffortsnecessaryto calculateandreportthesemetricsinaconsistentandaccuratemanner.
GeneralDOEApproachtoStudyElectricityConsumptionBehavior
DOEisinterestedinanapproachtodynamicpricingprojectsthatwillproduceabetter understandingofhowthesmartgrid,thetechnologiesitenables,andtheinformationit providesaffectelectricityconsumptionbehavior. TheSmartGridProgramsprovideguidanceforadvancedmeteringanddynamicpricing.4DOE willworkwitheachProjectTeamtoensuretheframeworkoftheproposedstudydesignis consistentwiththeintentoftheguidelinesincludedintheFundingOpportunity Announcement.Forexample,studydesignsshouldincludedescriptionsofapproachesfor achievingacceptablelevelsofstatisticalaccuracyandprecision(e.g.minimumsizeforcontrol andtreatmentgroupsgivenvariousfactors)inthesubsequentanalysisandmetricsthatare produced.Ideally,thestudydesignsproposedbyProjectTeamsshouldhavestatistical accuracyandprecisionofnolessthan90%confidenceleveland10%relativeprecision. Treatmentandcontrolgroupsshouldincludecustomerswithsimilarcharacteristicsand attributes;ProjectTeamswillhavetodemonstratethattheirsamplehasbeenappropriately stratifiedtoachievethedesiredlevelofstatisticalprecision.
DataCollection
InconsultationwithDOE,ProjectTeamswillevaluatethefeasibilityofcompilingthedata requiredforsubsequentanalysisoftheirdynamicpricingproject,andwillmakeplansforhow thatdatawillbecollectedandorganized.Hourlysalesandretailelectricitypricedataare necessary,ataminimum,todoanyassessmentofconsumerresponsetochangesinprice. However,tobroadentheProjectTeamsandindustrysunderstandingofhowindividualor cohortsofcustomersarereactingtotheinformationprovidedbysmartmetersandtodynamic pricingingeneral,adisaggregatedlevelofdetailisrequired(i.e.,customerleveldata).Ifthe projectisabletohelpaddressresearchquestionssuchas,forexample,anevaluationof responseduetodifferentformsandpenetrationofsmartgridenabledtechnology,thenthe timing,stock,anduseofthistechnologyshouldbecollectedforeachparticipantinthestudy.
SmartGridInvestmentGrantProgram,FundingOpportunityNumber:DEFOA0000058,SpecialInstructionsfor ApplicationsInvolvingAdvancedMeteringwithDynamicPricingandRandomization.
4
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Furthermore,theremaybeunobservabledifferencesamongcustomers(orsimilargroupsof customers)thatmaydriveacceptanceandresponsivenesstodynamicpricing.Inthisregard, DOEstronglyadvocatesforProjectTeamstoseriouslyconsidercollectinghousehold demographicand/orcompanycharacteristicdataaswellasotherkeyinformationaspartofthe projectplantoallowthesubsequentanalysistobetterexplaindifferencesinconsumptionand driversofbehavior.
DataReporting
DOEneedstofullyunderstandhowtaxpayersmoneyisfacilitatingtheexpansionofsmart metersanddynamicpricingandhowconsumerbehaviorisinfluencedbytherangeofoptions thesmartgridenables.Tothatend,DOEwillexpectProjectTeamstocomplywithspecificdata reportingrequirements. Inallcases,DOEexpectstoreceiveaggregateparticipationfigures(asproposedinTable7of theGuidebook)aswellasImpactMetrics(asproposedinTable9oftheGuidebook)ona regularbasis.AmoredetailedsetofImpactMetricswillalsobecollectedfromprojects involvingadvancedmeteringwithdynamicpricingandrandomizationinordertoassessmore detailedeffects(TableD1). DOEstronglyurgesallProjectTeamstoincludeintheirevaluationplantheestimationofa fullyspecifiedconsumerdemandmodelfromwhichelasticityestimatescanbederived. However,itisexpectedthatsomeProjectTeamsmayinsteadfocussolelyonestimatingload impactsfromeventbaseddynamicpricingprojectsbecausetheyaresimplyimplementing dynamicpricingthattheSmartGridnowenables.Inthoselattercases,theProjectTeamwillnot beexpectedtoreporttheelasticitymetrics,butwillbestillberesponsibleforprovidingthe otherdynamicpricingmetricslisted.Thepeakdemandandelectricityconsumptiondynamic pricingImpactMetricsshouldbereportedbothinactualterms(i.e.,whatwasobservedor derivedduringtheproject)aswellasweathernormalizedfor1yearin10and1yearin2 weatherpatterns.5 DOEexpectsthedynamicpricingprojectsbeingfundedthroughtheSmartGridProgramswill allowtheindustrytogainabetterunderstandingof,amongotherthings,thedistributionof priceresponseamongcustomers,whatcharacteristicsareassociatedwithcustomer responsivenesstodynamicpricing,ifthesecharacteristicsarecommonacrossthebroadrange ofSmartGridprojectswithdynamicpricingthatDOEisfunding,andifthesecohortsexhibit uniformordiverseimpactsacrossprojects.Toachievethisgoal,eachProjectTeamwillbe expectedtocollectdetailedcustomerinformationabouteachofitsparticipantsinthedynamic pricingproject. DOEstronglyprefersProjectTeamsreportalldetaileddynamicpricingImpactMetricsand customercharacteristicdataattheindividualcustomerlevel,whichwillmorereadilyallow DOEtoanswerthedistributionalquestionscitedabove.IftheProjectTeamisunabletodoso
Ideally,theweathernormalizationmethodologywouldbeconsistentwiththeapproachidentifiedintheCalifornia PublicUtilityCommissionsdecisionadoptingprotocolsforestimatingdemandresponseloadimpacts(Rulemaking 0701041).Seehttp://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/published/FINAL_DECISION/81972.htmformoredetails.
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becauseofthemodelingapproachundertaken,thedynamicpricingImpactMetricsmustbe reportedforeachofthecustomercharacteristiclevels(i.e.,cohorts)describedabove.Thisway thedynamicpricingImpactMetricscanbereadilyandeasilycomparedatthecohortlevel acrossallProjectTeams,eitherbecausetheywerereportedtoDOEthatwayorwillberolledup byDOEafterthefactfromthecustomerleveldataprovidedtoDOE. TablesD2andD3presentthecharacteristicsandassociatedattributesofresidentialand commercial/industrialcustomersthatDOEwishestocollect.TableD4presentsthedatafields thatareapplicabletoconsumerbehaviorstudiesandwillbereportedtoDOE.

TableD1.DynamicPricingImpactMetrics IMPACTMETRICS:DynamicPricing Metric Value Remarks ElasticityofSubstitution OwnPriceElasticityofDemand CrossPriceElasticityofDemand DailyDemandElasticity Impactonsystemcoincidentpeak % Singlehourwheresystemcoincidentpeakdemand demand(%andMW) MW occurs % Overtimeperioddeterminedbylocalreliabilityrules Impactonfuturereliability MW forsettingfuturereservemarginsandcapacity requirement(%andMW) requirements Averagehourlyimpacton % Timeperiodwilldependonratedesign consumptionoveralleventsorpeak MWh period(%andMWh/Hour) Standarderrorofhourlyimpacton % consumptionoverallevents(%and MWh Timeperiodwilldependonratedesign MWh/Hour) % Ideallybasedon12consecutivemonths,butmay Averageannualimpacton MWh needtolimitdependinguponthedurationofthe consumption(%andMWh) project % Ideallybasedon12consecutivemonths,butmay Standarderrorofannualimpacton MWh needtolimitdependinguponthedurationofthe consumption(%andMWh/Hour) project
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TableD2.CharacteristicsandAssociatedAttributesofResidentialCustomers ResidentialCustomers Characteristics AttributeLevels <50%ofclassaverage AverageDailyUse 50%150%ofclassaverage >150%ofclassaverage HighSchooldegreeorless EducationLevel(Headof Collegeeducationwithassociatesand/orbachelorsdegree Household) Collegeeducationwithadvanceddegree(morethanfouryears;mastersorPHD) <$30,000 AnnualIncomeLevel $30,000$70,000 (Household) >$70,000 Singlefamilydetached/attachedandmultifamily(14units) HousingType Multifamily(>4units) 1 NumberofOccupants 2 3ormore Ownerofresidence Owner/Renter Renterofresidence None AirConditioning RoomA/C CentralA/C Yes SwimmingPool No Yes Spa/HotTub/Whirlpool No VariablePeakPricing Flat TimeofUsewithCriticalPeakPricing FlatwithCriticalPeakPricing TimeofUsewithPeakTimeRebate FlatwithPeakTimeRebate RetailRateDesignand RealTimePricing Tier RateLevel RealTimePricingwithCriticalPeakPricing TierwithCriticalPeakPricing TierwithPeakTimeRebate RealTimePricingwithPeakTimeRebate TimeofUse ProgrammableControllable WebPortal Thermostat SmartAppliances EnablingTechnology InHomeDisplay DirectLoadControl InHomeEnergyManagement System TimingofInformation DeliveryMethod LevelofDetail - NearRealtime - Paper(e.g.,bill - Enduse Educational/Information feedback inserts,mailers) - Aggregate Material - Delayedfeedback(1 - Electronic(e.g.,email household/meter hourormore) messages,social networking)
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TableD3.CharacteristicsandAssociatedAttributesofCommercialandIndustrialCustomers CommercialandIndustrialCustomers Characteristics AttributeLevels <50%ofclassaverage AverageDailyUse 50%150%ofclassaverage >150%ofclassaverage BusinessClass 2digitNAICS Yes OnsiteGeneration No <15,000sq.ft. SquareFootage 15,000to100,000sq.ft. >100,000sq.ft. VariablePeakPricing Flat TimeofUsewithCriticalPeakPricing FlatwithCriticalPeakPricing TimeofUsewithPeakTimeRebate FlatwithPeakTimeRebate RetailRateDesignand RealTimePricing Tier RateLevel RealTimePricingwithCriticalPeakPricing TierwithCriticalPeakPricing TierwithPeakTimeRebate RealTimePricingwithPeakTimeRebate TimeofUse EnergyManagementandControlSystems EnablingTechnology DirectLoadControl(e.g.,peakloadcontrollersforspecificequipment) ProgrammableControllableThermostat TimingofInformation DeliveryMethod LevelofDetail - NearRealtime - Paper(e.g.,bill - Enduse Education/Information feedback inserts,mailers) - Aggregatemeter Material - Delayedfeedback - Electronic(e.g.,email (1hourormore) messages,social networking)
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TableD4.SpecificDataFieldsApplicabletoConsumerBehaviorStudies Field Description HourlyData Uniqueidentifiergiventoeveryparticipantinthedynamicpricingproject.Thisshould acttomasktheactualcustomeraccountnumber. Uniqueidentifiergiventoeverymeterthatreportsdatatobeusedinthedynamic Meter_ID pricingproject. Date Dateforwhichthisintervalobservationisvalid. HourEnding Hourendingforwhichthisintervalobservationisvalid. Energy Intervalenergyconsumption(kWh) Tariff_Rate_ID Uniqueidentifiergiventothetariffratethiscustomerwasonduringthisinterval ApplicableRetailRate Tariffratethatcustomerwasbilledonduringthisinterval($/kWh) THI TemperatureheatindexindegreesFahrenheit Averagehourlydrybulbtemperature(degreesfahrenheit)ofnearestweatherstationto Dry_bulb meter Averagehourlywetbulbtemperature(degreesfahrenheit)ofnearestweatherstation Wet_bulb tometer Wind_Speed Averagehourlywindspeed(knots)ofnearestweatherstationtometer Cloud_Cover Averagecloudcover(%)atnearestweatherstationtometer TariffData Tariff_Rate_ID Uniqueidentifiergiventothetariffratethiscustomerwasonduringthisinterval Start_Date Startdateforwhichthistariffrecordapplies Cust_Chg Monthlycustomercharge($/Customer) Dmd_Chg Monthlydemandcharge($/kW) Energy_Flat_Chg Chargeforincrementalenergyconsumption($/kWh) Energy_CPP_Chg ChargeforincrementalenergyconsumptionduringCriticalPeakPricingevents($/kWh) Energy_PTR_Crdt CreditforincrementalenergyreductionduringPeakTimeRebateevents($/kWh) Energy_TOU1_Chg ChargeforincrementalenergyconsumptionduringTOUPeriod1($/kWh) Energy_TOU2_Chg ChargeforincrementalenergyconsumptionduringTOUPeriod2($/kWh) Energy_TOU3_Chg ChargeforincrementalenergyconsumptionduringTOUPeriod3($/kWh) Energy_TOU4_Chg ChargeforincrementalenergyconsumptionduringTOUPeriod4($/kWh) Energy_TOU5_Chg ChargeforincrementalenergyconsumptionduringTOUPeriod5($/kWh) Energy_TOU6_Chg ChargeforincrementalenergyconsumptionduringTOUPeriod6($/kWh) TOU1_Descr DescriptionoftimecoveredbyTOUPeriod1 TOU2_Descr DescriptionoftimecoveredbyTOUPeriod2 TOU3_Descr DescriptionoftimecoveredbyTOUPeriod3 TOU4_Descr DescriptionoftimecoveredbyTOUPeriod4 TOU5_Descr DescriptionoftimecoveredbyTOUPeriod5 TOU6_Descr DescriptionoftimecoveredbyTOUPeriod6 Customer_ID
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TableD4.SpecificDataFieldsApplicabletoConsumerBehaviorStudies(Continued) Field Description ResidentialCustomerData Uniqueidentifiergiventoeveryparticipantinthedynamicpricingproject.Thisshould Customer_ID acttomasktheactualcustomeraccountnumber Uniqueidentifiergiventoeverymeterthatreportsdatatobeusedinthedynamic Meter_ID pricingproject Start_Date Startdatefordatacontainedinthisrecord Averagedailyuse(as%ofclassaverage)for12monthperiodpriortocommencement Avg_Daily_Use indynamicpricingproject Educationleveloftheheadofhousehold:1)Highschoolonly;2)Somecollege,AS,BA, Education BS;3)Advanced Annualincomelevelforentirehousehold:1)<$30,000;2)$30,000$70,000;3) Income >$70,000 Typeofhousingforresidence:1)Singlefamilydetached/attachedormultifamilyof14 Housing_Type units;2)Multifamilyof>4units Occupants Numberofoccupantsatresidence:1)1;,2)2;3)3ormore Owner_Renter Typeofoccupancyarrangement:1)Owner,2)Renter Pool Swimmingpoolatresidence:0)No;1)Yes Spa Spaatresidence:0)No;1)Yes AC Airconditionatresidence:1)None;2)RoomA/C;3)CentralA/C PCT Possessionofprogrammablecontrollablethermostat:0)No;1)Yes IHD Possessionofinhomedisplay:0)No;1)Yes EMS Possessionofenergymanagementsystem:0)No;2)Yes Web Possessionofwebportal:0)No;1)Yes Smart_App Possessionofsmartappliances:0)No;1)Yes DLC Possessionofdirectloadcontrol:0)No;1)Yes Inf_Dlvry Meterdataand/ordynamicpricingInformationdeliverymethod:1)Paper;2)Electronic Timingofmeterdataand/orotherdynamicpricinginformationfeedback:1)Nearreal Inf_Timing timeoflessthan1hour,2)Delayedof1hourormore Inf_Level Levelofdetailofinformationfeedback:1)Enduse;2)aggregatehousehold/meter NonResidentialCustomerData Uniqueidentifiergiventoeveryparticipantinthedynamicpricingproject.Thisshould Customer_ID acttomasktheactualcustomeraccountnumber Uniqueidentifiergiventoeverymeterthatreportsdatatobeusedinthedynamic Meter_ID pricingproject Start_Date Startdatefordatacontainedinthisrecord Averagedailyuse(as%ofclassaverage)for12monthperiodpriortocommencement Avg_Daily_Use indynamicpricingproject NAICS_2Digit 2digitNAICS OnSite_Gen Onsitegenerationisavailableforuseinresponsetopricing:0)No;1)Yes Sq_Ft Squarefeetofspace PCT Possessionofprogrammablecontrollablethermostat:0)No;1)Yes EMS Possessionofenergymanagementsystem:0)No;1)Yes DLC Possessionofdirectloadcontrol:0)No;1)Yes Inf_Dlvry Meterdataand/ordynamicpricingInformationdeliverymethod:1)Paper;2)Electronic Timingofmeterdataand/orotherdynamicpricinginformationfeedback:1)Nearreal Inf_Timing timeoflessthan1hour,2)Delayedof1hourormore Inf_Level Levelofdetailofinformationfeedback:1)Enduse;2)aggregatehousehold/meter
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TableD4.SpecificDataFieldsApplicabletoConsumerBehaviorStudies(Continued) Field Description BillHistory Uniqueidentifiergiventoeveryparticipantinthedynamicpricingproject.Thisshould Customer_ID acttomasktheactualcustomeraccountnumber. Uniqueidentifiergiventoeverymeterthatreportsdatatobeusedinthedynamic Meter_ID pricingproject. Bill_Start_Date Startdatefordatacontainedinthisrecord Bill_End_Date Enddatefordatacontainedinthisrecord Energy Totalenergyconsumptionforthebillingperiodforthespecifiedmeter(kWh) Demand Maximumdemandforthebillingperiod,ifspecified,forthespecifiedmeter(kW) Ratch_Demand Ratcheddemandusedforbillingperiod,ifspecified,forspecifiedmeter(kW) Cost Totalcostofelectricitybillforthespecifiedmeter($) Totalcostofelectricitybillforthespecifiedmeterthatcorrespondswithreducedcost Ec_Dev_Cost electricityforeconomicdevelopmentreasons($)
December7,2009
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Guidebook For ARRA Smart Grid Program Metrics and Benefits - Revised 12-7-2009

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Guidebook For ARRA Smart Grid Program Metrics and Benefits - Revised 12-7-2009

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GuidebookforARRASmartGridProgram MetricsandBenefits

TheGuidebookforARRASmartGridProgramMetricsandBenefits(Guidebook)describes thetypeofinformationtobecollectedfromeachoftheProjectTeamsandhowitwillbeused byDOEtocommunicateoverallconclusionstothepublic.

DOEwillanalyzethedataprovidedbyProjectTeamstodeterminetheimpactsoftheSmart GridPrograms.Asmentionedpreviously,theseimpactswillbecommunicatedwithinsixtopic areas.CommunicatingresultswillbedoneattheProgramlevel,andproprietaryinformation fromindividualProjectTeamswillnotbedisclosed.

Advanced InterruptingSwitches PowerQuality Monitors

Theamountofstationaryelectricitystorage installedaspartoftheproject,includingresource type,capacity(MVA),energystored(MWh), numberofunits,andpointofinterconnection ThenumberofPEVsinoperation,alongwitha descriptionofthechargingpoints

Table5.BuildMetricsPoliciesandPrograms DescriptionofInformation IllustrativeExamples

FinancialInvestments SmartGridR&D RightstoCustomer Data

Metric Customer ElectricityUsage UtilityO&M Costs

Reliability Indices SubstationLoad

Transmission LineLoad Transmission LineOverloads

Deferred Transmission Capacity Investment

Distribution FeederLoad Distribution Feeder Overloads

Metric Deferred Distribution Capacity Investment

MoreDistributedand RenewableEnergy LowerCarbonDioxide Emissions

AdvancedGrid Functionality OverXX,000advanced griddevicesdeployed YYgridmanagement systemsinoperation Over$Xbillionin relatedinvestment

Numberofsubstationswithautomation Numberoffeederswithsensing/automation Numberofdistributionmanagementsystems Numberofadvancedfeederswitches Numberofphasormeasurementunits Numberofphasordataconcentrators Numberofgridvisualizationsystems Numberoflineswithdynamicratings

Keymetricstracktheeconomic impactofthe DOESmartGridPrograms

XXX,XXX XXX,XXX XXX,XXX XXX,XXX

Key AssetsandCustomerDevicesthatwill contributetoDemandManagement

SmartGridprogramsaresupportingsignificant reductionsinoperatingcostsandresponsetime KeyOperationalImprovements

Keyassets supportGridReliability andResilience

SmartGridprojectshaveshownreliability improvementsofabout20% ImprovementsinReliabilityMetrics

After Smart Grid Programs AfterSmartGridPrograms

Thenumberofdistributedand renewableenergy resourcesisgrowing

Theinstalledcapacityofdistributedgeneration andrenewableenergyhasincreasedby270% InstalledCapacity(GW)

FossilDG Central Renewables CentralRenewables

DistributedRenewables Energy Storage EnergyStorage

FossilDG DistributedGeneration (fossil) 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% DistributedRenewables LargeRenewables ElectricityStorage

ReducedVehicleMilesTraveled (miles) Plug inElectricVehicle(PEV)Interconnections (number)

SmartGridprojectsaredemonstratingprogress towardreducingCO2 emissions ReductionsfromKeyCO2 Emitters

After Smart Grid Programs AfterSmartGridPrograms

DistributionautomationandAMIarekey resourcesforenablingCO2 reductions

Over2milliontonsofCO2 weresavedasaresult ofDOEsSmartGridprogramsthisyear

EnergyStorage DGInterface Others

SGPGroup DepartmentofLaborOccupationCategory EnvironmentalandSocialScientists

Environmental AirEmissions Security EnergySecurity

AppendixD:ConsumerBehaviorStudy Approach(involvingDynamicPricing withRandomization)

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