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Exploratory
Descriptive
Causal
Qualitative
Quantitative
Quantitative
Research technique
Surveys Observation
CAUSAL RESEARCH
Essentially used to determine if-then relationships and make inductions This is distinct from associations Because of the use of experimental design, causal research is the only design that can make inferences on causality
CAUSAL RESEARCH
Which of the following situations requires causal research and which is testing associations? To determine whether advertising increased awareness How are advertising and awareness related?
Dependent variable
Also called criterion variable (Y). The measured outcome or effect change on specified test subjects that is derived from manipulating the independent variable(s).
Type of Variable
Comments
Extraneous variables
Experimental Designs
One shot case study: X 01 One group pre-test post-test design: Static group: EG: X CG: 02 01 X 02
01
Time series: 01 02 03 04 05
X 06 07 08 09 010
X 06 07 08 09 010 06 07 08 09 010
A statistical design is a series of basic experiments that allows for statistical control and analysis of external variables:
E.g., randomized block design, Latin square design, and factorial designs.
Limitations of Experimentation
Time consuming Expensive Difficult to administer Competitor interference.