tical IRRI Biodiversity Software Series. I. LUMP, LINK, and JOIN: Utility Programs for Biodiversity Research Developed by K.G. Schoenly and WJ. Zhang INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUT“The International Rice Research Institute (IRR) was established in 1960 by the Ford and Rockefeller Foundations with the help and approval ofthe Government of the Philippines. Today IRRI is one of the 16 nonprofit in temational research centers supported by the Consultative Group on Inte rational Agricultural Research (CGIAR). The CGLAR is sponsored by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations the Intemational Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bunk). the United Na- tions Development Programme (UNDP) and the United Nations Environ ment Programme (UNEP). is membership comprises. donor countries iernational and regional organizations, and private foundations 'As listed in its most event Corporate Report, IRRI receives suppor. through the CGIAR, from a number of donors including UNDP. World ‘Bank, European Union, Asian Development Bank. Rockefeller Founda tion, and the international aid agencies of the following governments: ‘Australia Belgium,Canada, People's Republic ofChina, Denmark, France. Germany. India, Indonesia. Islamic Republic of Iran, pan, Republic of ‘Korea, The Netherlands, Norway. Peru, Philippines, Spun, Sweden, Swit- zetland, Thailand, United Kingdom, and United State. “The responsibility for this publication rests wth he International Rice Research Institue IRRI Technical Bulletins ‘The IRRI Technical Bulletin is a rapid means of presenting results of re search on a specialized technical subject such as the development of ex- perimental methods, specialized software. oF other solutions to complex esearch problems. 1 1999 ‘Copyright International Rice Research Ins Mailing Address: MCPO Box 3127, 1271 Makati City, Philippines Phone: (63-2) 845.0563, 844.3351 to 53 Fax: (63-2) 891-1292, 845-0606 Email: IRRI@CGIAR.ORG ‘Telex: (ITT) 40890 Rice PM: (CWT) 14519 IRILB PS. Cable: RICEOUND MANILA, URL: hup:/www.cgiarorg it Riceweh: hipu/www:riceweb.org Riceworld: hupsivww-riceworld org Courier address Suite 1099, Pacific Bank Building 6776 Ayala Avenue, Makati ‘Metro Manila, Philippines ‘Tel. (63-2) 891-1236, 891-1174, 891 258, 891-1303 Suggested citation: Schoenly KG. Zhang WJ. 1999. IRRI Biodiversity Software Series. V. RARE, SPPDISS, and SPPRANK: programs for detecting between-sam- ple differences in comunity structure. IRRI Technical Bulletin No. 5. Ma- nila (Philippines): International Rice Research Institute. 17 p. Cover: All photos from IRRI archives except for photo of rat, which was taken by N.Q. Hung. ISBN 97122-00337 ISSNechnical 1999 IRRI Biodiversity Software Series. I. LUMP, LINK, and JOIN: Utility Programs for Biodiversity Research Developed by K.G. Schoenly and W.J. Zhang IRRI INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE