1) Answer : Do Kruskal-Wallis Analysis Hypotheses Ho: The four tour guides represented by the data are identical.

H1: There is a difference between the four tour guides. (claim)

Hypotheses within tour guides A and B Ho: MA=MB H1: There is a difference between the four tour guides. (claim)

Test Statistic Group A B C D Ranks 16 5 13 7.5 7.5 19.5 23 5 2 13 13 2 23 16 19.5 11 5 23 16 9.5 Rank Sums R1=58.5 R2=92 R3=110.5 R4=39

19.5 19.5 2 9.5

N=24, R1=58.5, R2=92, R3=110.5, R4=39, n1 = n2 = n3 = n4= 6, H = H = H = 10.392

Decision Since the sample sizes all exceed 5, we must use the chi-square table (A.11). The critical value of chi-square for -1=2 for = 0.05 is 7.815. H C.I of chi-square, Thus, with H = 6.17508 which is greater than 7.815, we reject H0.

Conclusion There is enough evidence to support the claim that there is a difference among the four tour guides.

We continuous the step by doing multiple comparison. Using multiple comparison test to test each pair of medians in exercise 6.1 to see whether a specific difference exists at =0.15.

Since H0: The three population represented by the data are identical is rejected. Means that there is a difference among the medians, we are interested to know where the difference is.

Multiple Comparison 1) Hypothesis:

a)

H0: MA = MB H1: MA MB

b)

H0: MA = MC H1: MA MC

c)

H0: MA = MD H1: MA MD

d)

H0: MB = MC H1: MB MC

e)

H0: MB = MD H1: MB MD

f)

H0: MC = MD H1: MC MD

2) Test statistic: =0.15 k=4 So there will be k (k-1) = 4(4-1) = 6 comparison to make

The next step is to find in table A.2 the value of z that has right.

area to it

From table A.2, value of z for 0.0125 of the area to the right is 2.24 , .

The mean of the rank for the three samples:

1)

= 9.75 = 15.333 = 18.4167 = 6.5

2)

= = =

3)

4)

k samples are all of the same size

Compare tour guides A and B

Hence 5.58< 8.77

Compare tour guides A and C

Hence 8.67< 8.77

Compare tour guides A and D

Hence 3.25< 8.77

Compare tour guides B and C

Hence

Compare tour guides B and D

Hence

Compare tour guides C and D

Hence 11.9167 >8.77

3) Decision :

a)

Since 5.58 < 8.77, do not reject the H0. The comparison is not significant.

b)

Since 8.67 < 8.77, do not reject the H0. The comparison is not significant.

c)

Since 3.25 < 8.77, do not reject the H0. The comparison is not significant.

d)

Since 3.0837 < 8.77, do not reject the H0. The comparison is not significant.

e)

Since 8.83 > 8.77, reject the H0 .The comparison is significant.

f)

Since 11.9167 > 8.77, reject the H0 .The comparison is significant.

5) Conclusion:
a)

There are not enough evident to support the claim that there are different between median tour guides A and B. We can conclude that the medians of tour guides B and D may be equal.

b)

There are not enough evident to support the claim that there are different between median tour guides A and C. We can conclude that the medians of tour guides B and D may be equal.

c)

There are not enough evident to support the claim that there are different between median tour guides A and D. We can conclude that medians of guides A and D may be equal.

d)

There are not enough evident to support the claim that there are different between median tour guides B and C. We can conclude that the medians of tour guides B and C may be equal.

e)

There are enough evident to support the claim that there are different between median tour guides B and D. We can conclude that the medians of tour guides B and D are not equal.

f)

There are enough evident to support the claim that there are different between median tour guides C and D. We can conclude that the medians of tour guides C and D are not equal.