Kristen Chen #21

5-8-11 Science Report Question one

What is molecule ad how are they formed? In this essay you will find out how they are formed. A molecule is made of two or more atoms held together by some natural forces in a definite spatial arrangement. Molecules are considered the smallest of a pure substance that retains its chemical composition. If a molecule has two atoms it is diatomic and if it has more than two it is polyatomic. Diatomic atoms have two of the same elements. Familiar examples such as Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Fluorine, chlorine and Bromine are all examples of diatomic molecules. Polyatomic molecules such as water, ammonia, and carbon dioxide are all polyatomic molecules. Noble gases such as helium, neon, and argon exist as single atoms. Generally each molecule is stable and electrically neutral. The Kinetic theories of gases, their atoms are regarded as monatomic molecules. Ionic compounds are not well defined as smallest particles that would be consistent with the above definition, an unstable molecule is Hydrogen. Large molecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins are described as macromolelecules. The concept of molecules was accepted by many chemists base on Daltons laws of Definite and Multiple proportions (1803-1808). The molecular formula is used to define the compound that reflects the exact numbers and types of elements. The molecular formula for fresh water is H2O, indicating that each molecule contains two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

Kristen Chen #21

5-8-11 Science Report Question one

The molecular formula is a shorthand way to describe a compound. Chemical formula use chemical symbols and numbers to show the makeup of a compound. In particular, the chemical reaction demonstrates how addition of one or two NO2 groups can cause the explosive of the nitrated molecules such as nitro toluene, dinotrotoluene and trintroluene, or TNT. Penny Le Couteut and Jay Burreson identified seventeen molecules and compounds impacted the development of the world we have known and make a strong case for a continuing link between science and history. On the other hand most members of the physics community, with some notable exceptions Ludwig Boltzmann, Fames ClarkMaxell, and Willard Gibb, thought of molecules of no more than convenient mathematical constructs until the work by Jean Perrin in1911. In a molecule of methane, each covalent bond is formed by atoms that bound together shared with electrons. Positively charged nuclei in the atoms play an essential role in holding the negatively charged electrons in their respective orbitals. Thus, both the atomic nuclei and the electrons are involved in building a molecule. Now you are familiar with the information about molecules how they are formed.