MET INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

Case study on Parryware

Subject: Research Methodology Prof: S.Virani Submitted BY: Aesha Shah-90

Q1A. What should be the research objectives of this study? To understand consumer behavior and purchase patterns for milk & milk products in urban households. To conduct market analysis with regard to households as competitors To determine the average monthly expenditure pattern of an urban household. Q1B. How would you improve upon the questionnaire, keeping the objectives the same? Part A would be left unchanged In Part B, instructions after Q3 would be changed to: If No, then skip section C (Since Section E is now Section C) In Section E, Q 2 would be merged with Q1. The milk total milk production can be easily recorded in a column adjacent to the no. of female animals of each type. In Section C, Q2 would be changed from last days purchase/retained to average per day purchased/retained. Q 3 would be cancelled. Q 4 would be merged into Q 2 as 3 additional columns for satisfaction and 2 reason columns. In addition Source would be added as a possible reason for satisfaction or dissatisfaction In Section D, the question would be changed to average purchased per month. Festival months would skew the data if last months is considered. In Section F, the details of monthly expenditure are too much in detail and a lot of info on food side is already known. This table should be replaced by 4-5 indirect questions to ascertain what we need to know. Q2. Under what conditions would you use a self-administered questionnaire? A mailed questionnaire? Self Administered Questionnaire

A structured interview (also known as a standardised interview or a researcheradministered survey) is a quantitative research method commonly employed in survey research. The aim of this approach is to ensure that each interview is presented with exactly the same questions in the same order.

Structured interviews are a means of collecting data for a statistical survey. In a self-administered survey, respondents must first perceive the information before they can comprehend it. Once respondents perceive the information, they must comprehend the layout (the visual aspect) of the information as well as the wording (the verbal aspect). Furthermore, respondents must comprehend much more than just the wording of the survey questions and response categories. In a selfadministered survey, respondents are often given introductory material and instructions. Also, they must comprehend directions that are meant to guide them through the questionnaire. In an interviewer-administered questionnaire, the interviewer plays a critical role in the perceptual process. Self-administered questionnaires offer researchers the potential to reach a large number of potential respondents in a variety of locations, especially by using mailresponse or online questionnaires. However, the researcher must bear in mind that unlike interviewing respondents or administering a questionnaire in person, a high response rate is not likely, so if the researcher wants a targeted volume of responses, a much higher number of questionnaires must be distributed. If the researcher would like to examine the questionnaire topic further, selfadministered questionnaires can include an option for respondents to indicate whether they would be willing to be contacted for a follow-up interview in which to discuss the topic in more depth. Thus, the self-administered questionnaire can be exploratory in nature, and serve as a starting point for other methodologies . Self administered Questionnaire is used in

Marketing Self administered Questionnaire is used in marketing is used to identify the customer, satisfy the customer, and keep the customer. With the customer as the focus of its activities, marketing management is one of the major components of business management

Marketing Research In Marketing research the questionnaire specifies the information required to address these issues, designs the method for collecting information, manages and implements the data collection process, analyzes the results, and communicates the findings and their implications

Statistical survey Self administered Questionnaire focuses on different topics such as preferences (e.g., for a presidential candidate), behavior (smoking and drinking behavior), or factual information (e.g., income), depending on its purpose

Quantitative marketing research Psychology, health professionals and sociology.

To understand the various patterns in heath diseases, persons psychology etc. . Self administered interview are often used in mall or other central locations where the researcher has access to a captive audience. Airlines for example often have programs in which questionnaire are administered in flight. Passengers are asked to rate various aspects of the airlines services. The results are used to track passenger perception of service over time. Many hotels, restaurants and other service business provide brief questionnaire to patrons to find out how they feel about the quality of service provided. Self-administered survey technique offers several advantages over alternative methods: 1. Respondents answer at their convenience. 2. There is no need to set up interview appointments. 3. Surveys are delivered wherever the mail or email goes: city or country, home or office. 4. No interviewer is present to inject bias in the way questions are asked. 5. The low cost-per-completion makes it an economical method of surveying large samples. 6. Questions can be more detailed, as opposed to the limits of paper or telephones. However, respondents are often limited to their working memory: specially designed visual cues (such as prompt cards) may help in some cases. 7. Rapport with respondents is generally higher than other modes 8. Typically higher response rate than other mode

Mailed Questionnaire When it comes to choosing whether it makes more sense for you to conduct a traditional (paper/pencil) mail survey or an online survey (e-mail/Internet), there are a variety of factors that should influence your thinking. Here are some of them: Factor Expense Advantage Online Notes Mail surveys are an economical choice compared to phone surveys or personal interviews, but online surveys are priced even lower. Expect to spend 35-50% less for an esurvey than you would for a mail survey. There are even bigger discounts when comparing "e" to phone. Data collection time can be reduced by 50-70% with an online survey. Depending on what your reporting requirements are, similar time-savings may be experienced for data work. Although online surveys are quicker and less expensive, the results don't always do as good a job at representing the population of interest. They fall short in a few areas: Sampling Frame. Because you have street addresses for all recipients, it is theoretically possible for anyone in your circulation to be sent a mail survey. Online surveys can only be sent to those for whom you have e-mail addresses. These people might be different from those people whose e-mail addresses you don't have. Valid addresses. Undeliverable mailed surveys usually don't exceed 2-3% while they can exceed 30% for esurveys, further reducing the number of readers you are relying on to accurately represent your population. Non-response bias. When the goal of your survey is to use the responses to represent the entire circulation, the degree to which the population is truly represented depends upon how similar those who do respond to the survey are to those who don't. Thus, the higher the response rate, the more accurate the survey. You can expect considerably higher mail response rates than for online surveys.

Turnaround time

Online

Representation

Mail

Q3. How would you design a questionnaire for a telephonic survey? Steps:1.

Obtain a random sampling of telephone numbers to use in the survey. You can buy lists of random telephone numbers that are generated by computer programs, or you can develop your own list from local telephone directories.

Call each potential participant. Politely explain the purpose of the survey as well as who the sponsor is and approximately how much time the survey will take.
2.

Decide who in the household is most likely to provide the most meaningful input to the survey, and ask for that person specifically. For example, if the goal of your survey is to determine buying habits, the participant should be the person most responsible for that household's purchases.
3. 4. 5.

Keep the questions relevant and direct.

Read each question in its entirety to the participant and record the response. Repeat the question if necessary, but avoid interjecting any comments or explanations that could sway the participant's opinion. Keep the participant on track so that the survey is completed as quickly as possible. Be loud and clear while asking questions.
6. 7.

BEGIN BY IDENTIFYING GOALS FOR THE SURVEY Start with goals, rather than specific questions. What issues are important to cover? What decisions do you need to make? What information do you need to make those decisions? What information is critical for decision-making, and what is just interesting? Are there other sources that could be used to get this information? ORGANIZE AND SET PRIORITIES Weed out things that are interesting but not tied to decisions. Focus on the most important, key goals.

 8. 9. 10.

Organize goals in an order that seems logical and reasonable. FOR EACH GOAL, WRITE QUESTIONS What specifically do you need to know regarding this goal? Should you ask one question, or several, to address each goal? It is easier to measure behavior, and harder to measure attitudes. REVISE THE QUESTIONNAIRE TRANSLATE THE QUESTIONNAIRE, IF NECESSARY Do you anticipate a large number of non-English speaking respondents

Q4. What points you need to keep in mind when you design a questionnaire for a mail survey? A few things to remember when planning a mail survey: 1. Avoid mailing during holiday periods. 2. Dont have forms arrive on the first of the month. 3. If mailing to businesses, dont have forms arrive on the first day of the business week. 4. If you plan only two questionnaire mailings, you might want a reminder postcard between mailings or a telephone follow-up. Dont send a postcard if you have planned three questionnaire mailings. 5. Be sure to allow at least two weeks between mailings. 6. Change your cover letter for both the second and third mailings. 7. If possible, change the questionnaire for follow-up mailings and include a new question. When writing questionnaires that respondents will see, it is very important that you present a professional-looking document so that the respondents will know this is a serious research effort. Never send Xerox copies of loose pages held together with a staple in the upper corner. Always have the forms printed in a booklet, either saddle-stapled or glued, and use a heavier paper for the cover. Dont forget to plan for printing time when setting your study schedule. Remember when laying out your questionnaire that it will be printed on both sides of a page and formed like a

booklet, so that the final number of pages will be a multiple of 4. This format also allows for double-width layouts, if necessary. Word questions to be read by a respondent as if you or an interviewer were speaking to the respondent. Dont word them like school exams; remember to insert the work "please" in all instructions (e.g., "PLEASE SPECIFY").

One way of improving response rates to mail surveys is to mail a postcard telling your sample to watch for a questionnaire in the next week or two. Another is to follow up a questionnaire mailing after a couple of weeks with a card asking people to return the questionnaire. The downside is that this doubles or triples your mailing cost. If you have purchased a mailing list from a supplier, you may also have to pay a second (and third) use fee - you often cannot buy the list once and reuse it. Another way to increase responses to mail surveys is to use an incentive. One possibility is to send a dollar bill (or more) along with the survey (or offer to donate the dollar to a charity specified by the respondent). If you do so, be sure to say that the dollar is a way of saying "thanks," rather than payment for their time. Many people will consider their time worth more than a dollar. Another possibility is to include the people who return completed surveys in a drawing for a prize. A third is to offer a copy of the (non-confidential) result highlights to those who complete the questionnaire. Any of these techniques will increase the response rates. Advantages

Mail surveys are among the least expensive. This is the only kind of survey you can do if you have the names and addresses of the target population, but not their telephone numbers. The questionnaire can include pictures - something that is not possible over the phone. Mail surveys allow the respondent to answer at their leisure, rather than at the often inconvenient moment they are contacted for a phone or personal interview. For this reason, they are not considered as intrusive as other kinds of interviews.

Disadvantages

Time! Mail surveys take longer than other kinds. You will need to wait several weeks after mailing out questionnaires before you can be sure that you have gotten most of the responses. In populations of lower educational and literacy levels, response rates to mail surveys are often too small to be useful. This, in effect, eliminates many immigrant populations that form substantial markets in many areas. Even in well-educated populations, response rates vary from as low as 3% up to 90%. As a rule of thumb, the best response levels are achieved from highly-educated people and people with a particular interest in the subject (which, depending on your target population, could lead to a biased sample).

Q5. If you had a study that required you to do a survey of email users and you had to design a questionnaire for this survey, is there anything special you would do? What are the decisions you need to take regarding design and to ensure high rate of co-operation from respondents? The first thing to do would be to ensure that the subject line is very enticing. We have to ensure that the receiver at least opens the email Next, we would have to ensure that each recipient gets an individual email rather than a bulk email. The email should be personalized. This can be done easily using a template & correct software The email should include colours & pictures and be extremely attractive. It should also either give a guaranteed prize to every person who finishes a survey like a discount coupon etc or a raffle ticket number for a lottery from amongst all survey takers The email will not contain the survey but a link to the website which hosts the survey The website should have questions that are primarily closed ended with checkboxes for easy completion It should also have a security code requirement for prevention of spam The user should have the option of telling us if he was referred by a friend so the friend can be rewarded for every person he refers. The email should also include a line describing security protection and displaying public digital signatures so the survey taker can be assured of his computers safety.

Q6. Name: Gender: Male Female Age

Q1. Location of your clinic/hospital or practice centre.

Q2. Years of practice 1-3 years 3-5 years 5-7years More than 7 years

Q3.Are you aware of Brand X hepatitis B vaccine? Yes No

Q4. Which brand of hepatitis B vaccine do you use for your patients? Brand X Brand Y Brand Z

Q5.What influences you the most to use that particular brand of vaccine? Price Any other Q6. You do not prefer the other brand mentioned above because of some side-effects Yes No Effectiveness Brand Loyalty

Q7. If yes, then which brand and why?

Q8. Are your patients aware about Brand X Hepatitis Vaccine? Yes No

Q9. According to you what do you think is the patients attitude towards the brand?

Q7 Name: Gender: Male Female Age

Educational qualification:___________________________ 1) Do you use a fairness cream? : yes / no 2) How often do you use the cream? 2) What is your reason for using the cream? : A) Moisturizing B) As a sun block lotion C) To fight acne D) To become fairer 3) Are you loyal to one brand? Yes/No If yes, which one? _____________________________________________ 4) If you keep switching, which ones do you like the most? ____________________________________________________________ 5) What is your criteria for choosing a particular brand of cream? High importance price ingredients packaging Medium Low

6) How much are you willing to spend on a fairness cream? A) 0-50 B) 50-100 C) 100-150 D) 150-200

7)have you heard of fairy tales? Yes/No if yes, how? A) TV ads B) News paper C) Hoardings D) word of mouth 8)have you seen the fairy tales ad? Yes/No If yes, rate it 1-5 (1 being the lowest) _______ 9) what do you normally do in your free time? _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________

Q8) Name: AGE: Gender: educational qualification:

1) Do you drink cola? Yes/No 2) How often do u have cola? A) Once in a week B) More than once in a week C) Once in a fortnight. 3) Have you seen the new Pepsi ad starring shah rukh khan? Yes / No 4) How did you get to know about the ad? A) By friends and relatives B) Radio C) Internet D) Television 5) What is your view about the ad? .. 6) Could you please rate the ad on the bases of 1-10? (1 being the lowers) 7) Did you like the Spoof of the ad? and reason? ..Yes .No